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AHT Ashtead Group Plc

5,704.00
68.00 (1.21%)
03 May 2024 - Closed
Delayed by 15 minutes
Share Name Share Symbol Market Type Share ISIN Share Description
Ashtead Group Plc LSE:AHT London Ordinary Share GB0000536739 ORD 10P
  Price Change % Change Share Price Bid Price Offer Price High Price Low Price Open Price Shares Traded Last Trade
  68.00 1.21% 5,704.00 5,694.00 5,698.00 5,770.00 5,660.00 5,698.00 673,055 16:35:12
Industry Sector Turnover Profit EPS - Basic PE Ratio Market Cap
Heavy Constr Eq Rental,lease 9.67B 1.62B 3.6961 15.41 24.93B

Ashtead Group PLC Half-year Report (0363K)

11/12/2018 7:01am

UK Regulatory


Ashtead (LSE:AHT)
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TIDMAHT

RNS Number : 0363K

Ashtead Group PLC

11 December 2018

11 December 2018

Unaudited results for the half year and

second quarter ended 31 October 2018

 
                                  Second quarter                    First half 
                              2018      2017   Growth(1)      2018      2017   Growth(1) 
                              GBPm      GBPm           %      GBPm      GBPm           % 
 Underlying results(2) 
 Rental revenue            1,113.5     945.2         17%   2,074.5   1,774.0         18% 
 EBITDA                      595.1     502.6         17%   1,098.8     933.7         19% 
 Profit before taxation      347.8     298.4         16%     633.4     536.9         19% 
 Earnings per share          54.0p     38.7p         38%     98.8p     70.2p         42% 
 
 Statutory results 
 Revenue                   1,203.0   1,019.0         17%   2,250.4   1,899.1         19% 
 Profit before taxation      335.6     264.2         26%     610.0     493.1         25% 
 Profit after taxation       251.6     170.9         46%     461.5     320.9         45% 
 Earnings per share          52.1p     34.3p         50%     95.1p     64.5p         49% 
 

Half year highlights

   --       Revenue up 19%(1) ; rental revenue up 18%(1) 
   --       Pre-tax profit(2) of GBP633m (2017: GBP537m) 
   --       Earnings per share(2) up 42%(1) to 98.8p (2017: 70.2p) 
   --       Post-tax profit of GBP461m (2017: GBP321m) 
   --       GBP1,063m of capital invested in the business (2017: GBP708m) 
   --       GBP362m spent on bolt-on acquisitions (2017: GBP298m) 
   --       Net debt to EBITDA leverage(1) of 1.8 times (2017: 1.8 times) 
   --       Interim dividend raised 18% to 6.5p per share (2017: 5.5p per share) 

1 Calculated at constant exchange rates applying current period exchange rates.

2 Underlying results are stated before exceptional items and intangible amortisation.

3 Throughout this announcement we refer to a number of alternative performance measures which are defined in the Glossary on page 33.

Ashtead's chief executive, Geoff Drabble, commented:

"The Group delivered a strong quarter with good performance across the Group. As a result, Group rental revenue increased 18% for the six months and underlying pre-tax profit increased 19% to GBP633m, both at constant exchange rates.

We have invested GBP1,063m in capital and a further GBP362m on bolt-on acquisitions in the period which has added 80 locations and resulted in a rental fleet growth of 15%. This investment reflects the structural growth opportunity that we continue to see in the business as we broaden our product offering and geographic reach, and increase market share.

Whilst these are significant investments we remain focused on responsible growth so, after spending GBP425m to date on our share buyback programme, we have maintained net debt to EBITDA leverage at 1.8 times. Therefore we remain well within our target range of 1.5 to 2.0 times reflecting the strength of our margins and free cash flow.

Our business is performing well in supportive end markets. Accordingly, we expect full year results to be ahead of our prior expectations and the Board continues to look to the medium term with confidence."

Contacts:

 
 Geoff Drabble      Chief executive         } 
                                                 +44 (0)20 7726 
 Michael Pratt      Finance director              9700 
 Will Shaw          Director of Investor 
                     Relations 
 
                                                 +44 (0)20 7379 
 Neil Bennett       Maitland                }     5151 
 James McFarlane    Maitland 
 

Geoff Drabble, Brendan Horgan and Michael Pratt will hold a meeting for equity analysts to discuss the results and outlook at 9am on Tuesday, 11 December 2018 at The London Stock Exchange, 10 Paternoster Square, London, EC4M 7LS. The meeting will be webcast live via the Company's website at www.ashtead-group.com and a replay will be available via the website from shortly after the meeting concludes. A copy of this announcement and the slide presentation used for the meeting are available for download on the Company's website. The usual conference call for bondholders will begin at 3pm (10am EST).

Analysts and bondholders have already been invited to participate in the analyst meeting and conference call for bondholders but any eligible person not having received dial-in details should contact the Company's PR advisers, Maitland (Audrey Da Costa) at +44 (0)20 7379 5151.

Forward looking statements

This announcement contains forward looking statements. These have been made by the directors in good faith using information available up to the date on which they approved this report. The directors can give no assurance that these expectations will prove to be correct. Due to the inherent uncertainties, including both business and economic risk factors underlying such forward looking statements, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward looking statements. Except as required by law or regulation, the directors undertake no obligation to update any forward looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

First half trading results

 
                                     Revenue             EBITDA          Operating profit 
                                   2018      2017      2018      2017       2018      2017 
 
 Sunbelt US in $m               2,500.2   2,084.5   1,278.1   1,076.6      847.1     702.9 
 Sunbelt Canada in C$m            167.4      91.1      66.6      37.1       36.3      20.9 
 
 Sunbelt US in GBPm             1,902.2   1,599.6     972.4     826.2      644.5     539.4 
 A-Plant                          250.5     245.1      95.2      92.7       44.2      46.8 
 Sunbelt Canada in GBPm            97.7      54.4      38.8      22.1       21.2      12.5 
 Group central costs                  -         -     (7.6)     (7.3)      (7.7)     (7.4) 
                                2,250.4   1,899.1   1,098.8     933.7      702.2     591.3 
 Net financing costs                                                      (68.8)    (54.4) 
 Profit before amortisation, 
 exceptional items and 
  tax                                                                      633.4     536.9 
 Amortisation                                                             (23.4)    (22.1) 
 Exceptional items                                                             -    (21.7) 
 Profit before taxation                                                    610.0     493.1 
 Taxation charge                                                         (148.5)   (172.2) 
 Profit attributable to equity holders 
  of the Company                                                           461.5     320.9 
 
 Margins 
 Sunbelt US                                           51.1%     51.6%      33.9%     33.7% 
 A-Plant                                              38.0%     37.8%      17.7%     19.1% 
 Sunbelt Canada                                       39.8%     40.7%      21.7%     23.0% 
 Group                                                48.8%     49.2%      31.2%     31.1% 
 

Group revenue increased 18% to GBP2,250m in the first half (2017: GBP1,899m) with good growth in each of our markets. This revenue growth, combined with our focus on drop-through, generated underlying profit before tax of GBP633m (2017: GBP537m).

The Group's strategy remains unchanged with growth being driven by strong organic growth (same-store and greenfield) supplemented by bolt-on acquisitions. Sunbelt US, A-Plant and Sunbelt Canada delivered 19%, 5% and 90% rental only revenue growth respectively. The significant growth in Sunbelt Canada reflects the impact of acquisitions, most notably the acquisition of CRS in August 2017.

Sunbelt US's revenue growth continues to benefit from cyclical and structural trends and can be explained as follows:

 
                                                   $m 
 
 2017 rental only revenue                       1,573 
 Organic (same-store and greenfields)    +16%     246 
 Bolt-ons since 1 May 2017                +3%      50 
 2018 rental only revenue                +19%   1,869 
 Ancillary revenue                       +15%     460 
 2018 rental revenue                     +18%   2,329 
 Sales revenue                           +55%     171 
 2018 total revenue                      +20%   2,500 
 

Sunbelt US's revenue growth demonstrates the successful execution of our long-term structural growth strategy. We continue to capitalise on the opportunity presented by our markets through a combination of organic growth (same-store growth and greenfields) and bolt-ons as we expand our geographic footprint and our specialty businesses. We added 63 new stores in the US in the first half, the majority of which were specialty locations.

Rental only revenue growth was 19% in strong end markets. This growth was driven by increased fleet on rent year-over-year with yield flat. While revenue was impacted by our involvement in the clean-up efforts following hurricanes Florence and Michael, it was much less than last year with estimated incremental rental revenue of $15-20m (2017: $40-45m). Average first half physical utilisation was 74% (2017: 74%). Sunbelt US's total revenue, including new and used equipment, merchandise and consumable sales, increased 20% to $2,500m (2017: $2,084m).

A-Plant generated rental only revenue of GBP191m, up 5% on the prior year (2017: GBP182m). This was driven by increased fleet on rent, partially offset by yield. The adverse yield reflects the competitive rate environment in the UK market. A-Plant's total revenue increased 2% to GBP251m (2017: GBP245m).

In Canada, the acquisitions of CRS and Voisin's are distortive to year-over-year comparisons as they have tripled the size of the Sunbelt Canada business. Excluding acquisitions, rental revenue increased 21% in western Canada, while in eastern Canada the CRS and Voisin's businesses also grew 21%. For Sunbelt Canada overall, total revenue was C$167m (2017: C$91m) in the period.

We continue to focus on operational efficiency and improving margins. In Sunbelt US, 51% of revenue growth dropped through to EBITDA. The strength of our mature stores' incremental margin is reflected in the fact that this was achieved despite the drag effect of greenfield openings and acquisitions. This resulted in an EBITDA margin of 51% (2017: 52%) and contributed to a 21% increase in operating profit to $847m (2017: $703m) at a margin of 34% (2017: 34%).

Sunbelt Canada is in a growth phase as it invests to expand its network and develop the business. Significant growth has been achieved while delivering a 40% EBITDA margin and generating an operating profit of C$36m (2017: C$21m) at a margin of 22% (2017: 23%).

While the UK market remains competitive, A-Plant's focus on driving improved performance within the existing business resulted in drop-through of 62%. This contributed to an EBITDA margin of 38% (2017: 38%) and an operating profit of GBP44m (2017: GBP47m) at a margin of 18% (2017: 19%).

Reflecting the strong performance of the divisions, Group underlying operating profit increased 19% to GBP702m (2017: GBP591m). Net financing costs increased to GBP69m (2017: GBP54m) reflecting a higher interest rate and higher average debt levels. As a result, Group profit before amortisation of intangibles, exceptional items and taxation was GBP633m (2017: GBP537m). After a tax charge of 24% (2017: 35%) of the underlying pre-tax profit, underlying earnings per share increased 41% to 98.8p (2017: 70.2p). The reduction in the Group's underlying tax charge from 35% to 24% reflects the reduction in the US federal rate of tax from 35% to 21% with effect from 1 January 2018, following the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The underlying cash tax charge was 4% and is expected to be around 4% for the full year.

Statutory profit before tax was GBP610m (2017: GBP493m). This is after amortisation of GBP23m (2017: GBP22m) and, in the prior year, an exceptional charge of GBP22m. After a tax charge of 24% (2017: 35%), basic earnings per share were 95.1p (2017: 64.5p).

Capital expenditure and acquisitions

Capital expenditure for the first half was GBP1,063m gross and GBP963m net of disposal proceeds (2017: GBP708m gross and GBP649m net). This level of capital expenditure reflects the strong market and our ability to take market share. As a result, we have revised our capital expenditure guidance for the full year to GBP1.4 - GBP1.6bn at current exchange rates. Reflecting this investment, the Group's rental fleet at 31 October 2018 at cost was GBP8.1bn. Our average fleet age is now 31 months (2017: 30 months).

We invested GBP362m (2017: GBP298m), including acquired debt, in 12 bolt-on acquisitions during the period as we continue to both expand our footprint and diversify our specialty markets. Since the period end, we have invested a further GBP117m in five bolt-on acquisitions.

Return on Investment

Sunbelt US's pre-tax return on investment (excluding goodwill and intangible assets) in the 12 months to 31 October 2018 was 24% (2017: 23%). In the UK, return on investment (excluding goodwill and intangible assets) was 10% (2017: 13%). This decline reflects the competitive rate environment in the UK market. In Canada, return on investment (excluding goodwill and intangible assets) was 12% (2017: 13%). For the Group as a whole, return on investment (including goodwill and intangible assets) was 18% (2017: 18%).

Cash flow and net debt

As expected, debt increased during the first half as we continued to invest in the fleet and made a number of bolt-on acquisitions. In addition, weaker sterling increased reported debt by GBP200m. During the period, we spent GBP210m on share buybacks.

In July, the Group issued $600m 5.25% senior secured notes maturing in August 2026. The proceeds of the issue were used to pay related fees and expenses and repay an element of the amount outstanding under the senior credit facility. This ensures our debt package remains well structured and flexible, enabling us to take advantage of prevailing end market conditions. The Group's debt facilities are now committed for an average of six years at a weighted average interest cost of less than 5%.

Net debt at 31 October 2018 was GBP3,612m (2017: GBP2,851m) while, reflecting our strong earnings growth, the ratio of net debt to EBITDA was 1.8 times (2017: 1.8 times) on a constant currency basis. The Group's target range for net debt to EBITDA is 1.5 to 2 times.

At 31 October 2018, availability under the senior secured debt facility was $826m, with an additional $3,333m of suppressed availability - substantially above the $310m level at which the Group's entire debt package is covenant free.

Dividend

In line with its policy of providing a progressive dividend, having regard to both underlying profit and cash generation and to sustainability through the economic cycle, the Board has increased the interim dividend 18% to 6.5p per share (2017: 5.5p per share). This will be paid on 6 February 2019 to shareholders on the register on 18 January 2019.

Capital allocation

The Group remains disciplined in its approach to allocation of capital with the overriding objective being to enhance shareholder value. Our capital allocation framework remains unchanged and prioritises:

   --     organic fleet growth; 
   -     same-stores; 
   -     greenfields; 
   --     bolt-on acquisitions; and 

-- a progressive dividend with consideration to both profitability and cash generation that is sustainable through the cycle.

Additionally, we consider further returns to shareholders. In this regard, we assess continuously our medium term plans which take account of investment in the business, growth prospects, cash generation, net debt and leverage. Therefore the amount allocated to buybacks is simply driven by that which is available after organic growth, bolt-on M&A and dividends, whilst allowing us to operate within our 1.5 to 2.0 times target range for net debt to EBITDA.

In line with these priorities, we are spending GBP125m per quarter on share buybacks with the programme continuing through the 2019/20 financial year, with an anticipated spend in 2019/20 of at least GBP500m.

Current trading and outlook

Our business is performing well in supportive end markets. Accordingly, we expect full year results to be ahead of our prior expectations and the Board continues to look to the medium term with confidence.

Directors' responsibility statement

We confirm that to the best of our knowledge:

a) the condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 'Interim Financial Reporting'; and

b) the interim management report includes a fair review of the information required by Disclosure and Transparency Rule 4.2.7R (indication of important events during the first six months and description of principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the year) and Disclosure and Transparency Rules 4.2.8R (disclosure of related parties' transactions and changes therein).

By order of the Board

Eric Watkins

Company secretary

10 December 2018

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE THREE MONTHSED 31 OCTOBER 2018

 
                                                2018                                    2017 
                                                                              Before 
                                                                         exceptional    Exceptional 
                                      Before                                   items          items 
                                                                                 and            and 
                                amortisation   Amortisation     Total   amortisation   amortisation     Total 
                                        GBPm           GBPm      GBPm           GBPm           GBPm      GBPm 
 
 Second quarter - unaudited 
 
 Revenue 
 Rental revenue                      1,113.5              -   1,113.5          945.2              -     945.2 
 Sale of new equipment, 
 merchandise and consumables            41.2              -      41.2           40.6              -      40.6 
 Sale of used rental 
  equipment                             48.3              -      48.3           33.2              -      33.2 
                                     1,203.0              -   1,203.0        1,019.0              -   1,019.0 
 Operating costs 
 Staff costs                         (257.3)              -   (257.3)        (225.7)              -   (225.7) 
 Used rental equipment 
  sold                                (40.2)              -    (40.2)         (29.3)              -    (29.3) 
 Other operating costs               (310.4)              -   (310.4)        (261.4)              -   (261.4) 
                                     (607.9)              -   (607.9)        (516.4)              -   (516.4) 
 
 EBITDA*                               595.1              -     595.1          502.6              -     502.6 
 Depreciation                        (209.3)              -   (209.3)        (177.8)              -   (177.8) 
 Amortisation of intangibles               -         (12.2)    (12.2)              -         (12.5)    (12.5) 
 Operating profit                      385.8         (12.2)     373.6          324.8         (12.5)     312.3 
 Investment income                       0.1              -       0.1              -              -         - 
 Interest expense                     (38.1)              -    (38.1)         (26.4)         (21.7)    (48.1) 
 Profit on ordinary 
  activities 
 before taxation                       347.8         (12.2)     335.6          298.4         (34.2)     264.2 
 Taxation                             (86.7)            2.7    (84.0)        (105.6)           12.3    (93.3) 
 Profit attributable 
  to equity 
 holders of the Company                261.1          (9.5)     251.6          192.8         (21.9)     170.9 
 
 Basic earnings per 
  share                                54.0p         (1.9p)     52.1p          38.7p         (4.4p)     34.3p 
 Diluted earnings per 
  share                                53.8p         (1.9p)     51.9p          38.6p         (4.4p)     34.2p 
 

* EBITDA is presented here as an alternative performance measure as it is commonly used by investors and lenders.

All revenue and profit is generated from continuing operations.

Details of principal risks and uncertainties are given in the Review of Second Quarter, Balance Sheet and Cash Flow accompanying these condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE SIX MONTHSED 31 OCTOBER 2018

 
                                                 2018                                     2017 
                                                                                Before 
                                                                           exceptional    Exceptional 
                                      Before                                     items          items 
                                                                                   and            and 
                                amortisation   Amortisation       Total   amortisation   amortisation     Total 
                                        GBPm           GBPm        GBPm           GBPm           GBPm      GBPm 
 First half - unaudited 
 
 Revenue 
 Rental revenue                      2,074.5              -     2,074.5        1,774.0              -   1,774.0 
 Sale of new equipment, 
 merchandise and consumables            79.7              -        79.7           71.5              -      71.5 
 Sale of used rental 
  equipment                             96.2              -        96.2           53.6              -      53.6 
                                     2,250.4              -     2,250.4        1,899.1              -   1,899.1 
 Operating costs 
 Staff costs                         (488.8)              -     (488.8)        (429.3)              -   (429.3) 
 Used rental equipment 
  sold                                (79.6)              -      (79.6)         (48.7)              -    (48.7) 
 Other operating costs               (583.2)              -     (583.2)        (487.4)              -   (487.4) 
                                   (1,151.6)              -   (1,151.6)        (965.4)              -   (965.4) 
 
 EBITDA*                             1,098.8              -     1,098.8          933.7              -     933.7 
 Depreciation                        (396.6)              -     (396.6)        (342.4)              -   (342.4) 
 Amortisation of intangibles               -         (23.4)      (23.4)              -         (22.1)    (22.1) 
 Operating profit                      702.2         (23.4)       678.8          591.3         (22.1)     569.2 
 Investment income                       0.1              -         0.1              -              -         - 
 Interest expense                     (68.9)              -      (68.9)         (54.4)         (21.7)    (76.1) 
 Profit on ordinary 
  activities 
 before taxation                       633.4         (23.4)       610.0          536.9         (43.8)     493.1 
 Taxation                            (153.9)            5.4     (148.5)        (187.6)           15.4   (172.2) 
 Profit attributable 
  to equity 
 holders of the Company                479.5         (18.0)       461.5          349.3         (28.4)     320.9 
 
 Basic earnings per 
  share                                98.8p         (3.7p)       95.1p          70.2p         (5.7p)     64.5p 
 Diluted earnings per 
  share                                98.4p         (3.7p)       94.7p          69.9p         (5.7p)     64.2p 
 

* EBITDA is presented here as an alternative performance measure as it is commonly used by investors and lenders.

All revenue and profit is generated from continuing operations.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

 
                                                           Unaudited 
                                                 Three months     Six months to 
                                                      to 
                                                  31 October       31 October 
                                                 2018     2017     2018     2017 
                                                 GBPm     GBPm     GBPm     GBPm 
 
 Profit attributable to equity holders of 
  the Company for the period                    251.6    170.9    461.5    320.9 
 
 Items that may be reclassified subsequently 
  to profit or loss: 
 Foreign currency translation differences        57.2   (15.5)    160.1   (40.3) 
 
 Total comprehensive income for the period      308.8    155.4    621.6    280.6 
 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET AT 31 OCTOBER 2018

 
                                                   Unaudited        Audited 
                                                  31 October       30 April 
                                                  2018      2017       2018 
                                                  GBPm      GBPm       GBPm 
 Current assets 
 Inventories                                      65.0      49.0       55.2 
 Trade and other receivables                     907.2     693.1      669.4 
 Current tax asset                                28.5       1.2       23.9 
 Cash and cash equivalents                        23.3      11.7       19.1 
                                               1,024.0     755.0      767.6 
 
 Non-current assets 
 Property, plant and equipment 
 - rental equipment                            5,433.5   4,430.8    4,430.5 
 - other assets                                  536.4     440.6      451.5 
                                               5,969.9   4,871.4    4,882.0 
 Goodwill                                      1,074.4     884.0      882.6 
 Other intangible assets                         242.5     215.3      206.3 
 Net defined benefit pension plan asset            4.4         -        4.5 
                                               7,291.2   5,970.7    5,975.4 
 
 Total assets                                  8,315.2   6,725.7    6,743.0 
 
 Current liabilities 
 Trade and other payables                        799.5     557.4      617.5 
 Current tax liability                            15.3      13.0       13.1 
 Short-term borrowings                             2.5       2.6        2.7 
 Provisions                                       36.0      21.0       25.8 
                                                 853.3     594.0      659.1 
 
 Non-current liabilities 
 Long-term borrowings                          3,632.5   2,860.0    2,728.4 
 Provisions                                       30.3      33.5       34.6 
 Deferred tax liabilities                      1,001.5   1,103.0      794.0 
 Net defined benefit pension plan liability          -       3.9          - 
                                               4,664.3   4,000.4    3,557.0 
 
 Total liabilities                             5,517.6   4,594.4    4,216.1 
 
 Equity 
 Share capital                                    49.9      49.9       49.9 
 Share premium account                             3.6       3.6        3.6 
 Capital redemption reserve                        6.3       6.3        6.3 
 Own shares held by the Company                (370.6)         -    (161.0) 
 Own shares held by the ESOT                    (24.6)    (20.0)     (20.0) 
 Cumulative foreign exchange translation 
  differences                                    285.9     200.7      125.8 
 Retained reserves                             2,847.1   1,890.8    2,522.3 
 Equity attributable to equity holders 
  of the Company                               2,797.6   2,131.3    2,526.9 
 
 Total liabilities and equity                  8,315.2   6,725.7    6,743.0 
 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

FOR THE SIX MONTHSED 31 OCTOBER 2018

 
                                                                         Own    Cumulative 
                                                              Own     shares       foreign 
                                     Share      Capital    shares       held      exchange 
                           Share   premium   redemption      held    through   translation   Retained 
                                                           by the 
                         capital   account      reserve   Company   the ESOT   differences   reserves     Total 
                            GBPm      GBPm         GBPm      GBPm       GBPm          GBPm       GBPm      GBPm 
 
 Unaudited 
 At 1 May 2017              49.9       3.6          6.3         -     (16.7)         241.0    1,686.0   1,970.1 
 
 Profit for the 
  period                       -         -            -         -          -             -      320.9     320.9 
 Other comprehensive 
  income: 
 Foreign currency 
  translation 
 differences                   -         -            -         -          -        (40.3)          -    (40.3) 
 Total comprehensive 
  income 
 for the period                -         -            -         -          -        (40.3)      320.9     280.6 
 
 Dividends paid                -         -            -         -          -             -    (113.2)   (113.2) 
 Own shares purchased 
  by 
 the ESOT                      -         -            -         -     (10.2)             -          -    (10.2) 
 Share-based payments          -         -            -         -        6.9             -      (3.5)       3.4 
 Tax on share-based 
  payments                     -         -            -         -          -             -        0.6       0.6 
 At 31 October 2017         49.9       3.6          6.3         -     (20.0)         200.7    1,890.8   2,131.3 
 
 Profit for the 
  period                       -         -            -         -          -             -      647.9     647.9 
 Other comprehensive 
  income: 
 Foreign currency 
  translation 
 differences                   -         -            -         -          -        (74.9)          -    (74.9) 
 Remeasurement of 
  the defined 
 benefit pension 
  plan                         -         -            -         -          -             -        8.7       8.7 
 Tax on defined 
  benefit 
 pension plan                  -         -            -         -          -             -      (1.5)     (1.5) 
 Total comprehensive 
  income 
 for the period                -         -            -         -          -        (74.9)      655.1     580.2 
 
 Dividends paid                -         -            -         -          -             -     (27.3)    (27.3) 
 Own shares purchased 
  by 
 the Company                   -         -            -   (161.0)          -             -          -   (161.0) 
 Share-based payments          -         -            -         -          -             -        3.6       3.6 
 Tax on share-based 
  payments                     -         -            -         -          -             -        0.1       0.1 
 At 30 April 2018           49.9       3.6          6.3   (161.0)     (20.0)         125.8    2,522.3   2,526.9 
 
 Profit for the 
  period                       -         -            -         -          -             -      461.5     461.5 
 Other comprehensive 
  income: 
 Foreign currency 
  translation 
 differences                   -         -            -         -          -         160.1          -     160.1 
 Total comprehensive 
  income 
 for the period                -         -            -         -          -         160.1      461.5     621.6 
 
 Dividends paid                -         -            -         -          -             -    (133.3)   (133.3) 
 Own shares purchased 
  by 
 the ESOT                      -         -            -         -     (14.2)             -          -    (14.2) 
 Own shares purchased 
  by 
 the Company                   -         -            -   (209.6)          -             -          -   (209.6) 
 Share-based payments          -         -            -         -        9.6             -      (5.8)       3.8 
 Tax on share-based 
  payments                     -         -            -         -          -             -        2.4       2.4 
 At 31 October 2018         49.9       3.6          6.3   (370.6)     (24.6)         285.9    2,847.1   2,797.6 
 

CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT FOR THE SIX MONTHSED 31 OCTOBER 2018

 
                                                           Unaudited 
                                                         2018        2017 
                                                         GBPm        GBPm 
 Cash flows from operating activities 
 Cash generated from operations before exceptional 
 items and changes in rental equipment                  966.8       840.2 
 Payments for rental property, plant and equipment    (869.5)     (661.2) 
 Proceeds from disposal of rental property, 
  plant and equipment                                    93.0        84.0 
 Cash generated from operations                         190.3       263.0 
 Financing costs paid (net)                            (60.4)      (56.4) 
 Exceptional financing costs paid                           -      (25.2) 
 Tax paid (net)                                        (22.7)      (77.4) 
 Net cash generated from operating activities           107.2       104.0 
 
 Cash flows from investing activities 
 Acquisition of businesses                            (334.8)     (261.8) 
 Payments for non-rental property, plant and 
  equipment                                            (89.2)      (71.1) 
 Proceeds from disposal of non-rental property, 
  plant and equipment                                     4.1         4.8 
 Net cash used in investing activities                (419.9)     (328.1) 
 
 Cash flows from financing activities 
 Drawdown of loans                                    1,320.8     1,401.4 
 Redemption of loans                                  (646.7)   (1,046.7) 
 Capital element of finance lease payments              (0.7)       (1.7) 
 Dividends paid                                       (133.3)     (113.2) 
 Purchase of own shares by the ESOT                    (14.2)      (10.2) 
 Purchase of own shares by the Company                (209.6)           - 
 Net cash generated from financing activities           316.3       229.6 
 
 Increase in cash and cash equivalents                    3.6         5.5 
 Opening cash and cash equivalents                       19.1         6.3 
 Effect of exchange rate difference                       0.6       (0.1) 
 Closing cash and cash equivalents                       23.3        11.7 
 
 Reconciliation of net cash flows to net debt 
 
 Increase in cash and cash equivalents in the 
  period                                                (3.6)       (5.5) 
 Increase in debt through cash flow                     673.4       353.0 
 Change in net debt from cash flows                     669.8       347.5 
 Debt acquired                                           26.9        40.7 
 Exchange differences                                   200.4      (65.0) 
 Non-cash movements: 
  - deferred costs of debt raising                        2.1       (2.2) 
  - capital element of new finance leases                 0.5         2.2 
 Increase in net debt in the period                     899.7       323.2 
 Net debt at 1 May                                    2,712.0     2,527.7 
 Net debt at 31 October                               3,611.7     2,850.9 
 

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   1.      General information 

Ashtead Group plc ('the Company') is a company incorporated and domiciled in England and Wales and listed on the London Stock Exchange. The condensed consolidated interim financial statements as at, and for the six months ended, 31 October 2018 comprise the Company and its subsidiaries ('the Group').

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the six months ended 31 October 2018 were approved by the directors on 10 December 2018.

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not constitute statutory accounts as defined in Section 434 of the Companies Act 2006. The statutory accounts for the year ended 30 April 2018 were approved by the directors on 18 June 2018 and have been mailed to shareholders and filed with the Registrar of Companies. The auditor's report on those accounts was unqualified, did not include a reference to any matter by way of emphasis and did not contain a statement under Section 498(2) or (3) of the Companies Act 2006.

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the six months ended 31 October 2018 are unaudited but have been reviewed by the Group's auditors. Their report is on page 32.

   2.      Basis of preparation 

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the six months ended 31 October 2018 have been prepared in accordance with the Disclosure and Transparency Rules of the United Kingdom's Financial Conduct Authority and relevant International Financial Reporting Standards ('IFRS') as adopted by the European Union (including IAS 34, Interim Financial Reporting). The condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Group's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 30 April 2018.

The following new standards are mandatory for the first time for the financial year beginning

1 May 2018:

-- IFRS 9, 'Financial instruments' ('IFRS 9'), relates to the classification, measurement and recognition of financial assets and liabilities, impairment of financial assets and hedge accounting.

There have been no changes to the classification or measurement of the Group's financial assets or liabilities as a result of our adoption of IFRS 9, and no changes to the Group's level of provisioning as a result of our adoption of IFRS 9. The Group has no arrangements to which it applies hedge accounting.

-- IFRS 15, 'Revenue from Contracts with Customers' ('IFRS 15'), provides a five-step model of accounting for revenue recognition which includes identifying the contract, identifying performance obligations, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to different performance obligations and the timing of recognition of revenue in connection to different performance obligations.

The Group's adoption of IFRS 15 has had no impact as our accounting policies were already in line with IFRS 15.

The Directors have adopted various alternative performance measures to provide additional useful information on the underlying trends, performance and position of the Group. The alternative performance measures are not defined by IFRS and therefore may not be directly comparable with other companies' alternative performance measures, but are defined within these condensed consolidated interim financial statements and summarised in the Glossary on page 33.

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis. The Group's internal budgets and forecasts of future performance, available financing facilities and facility headroom (see note 11), provide a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operation for the foreseeable future and consequently the going concern basis continues to be appropriate in preparing the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

The exchange rates used in respect of the US dollar ($) and Canadian dollar (C$) are:

 
                                        US dollar     Canadian dollar 
                                       2018   2017      2018      2017 
 
 Average for the three months ended 
  31 October                           1.30   1.32      1.69      1.64 
 Average for the six months ended 
  31 October                           1.31   1.30      1.71      1.68 
 At 30 April                           1.38   1.29      1.77      1.77 
 At 31 October                         1.28   1.33      1.68      1.71 
 
   3.      Segmental analysis 
 
 Three months to 31 October 
  2018 
                                                             Sunbelt   Corporate 
                                         Sunbelt   A-Plant    Canada       items     Group 
                                              US 
                                            GBPm      GBPm      GBPm        GBPm      GBPm 
 
 Revenue 
 Rental revenue                            956.7     111.1      45.7           -   1,113.5 
 Sale of new equipment, merchandise 
  and 
 consumables                                28.1       7.6       5.5           -      41.2 
 Sale of used rental equipment              40.0       6.2       2.1           -      48.3 
                                         1,024.8     124.9      53.3           -   1,203.0 
 
 Operating profit before amortisation      354.6      22.0      12.9       (3.7)     385.8 
 Amortisation                                                                       (12.2) 
 Net financing costs                                                                (38.0) 
 Profit before taxation                                                              335.6 
 Taxation                                                                           (84.0) 
 Profit attributable to equity 
  shareholders                                                                       251.6 
 
 
 Three months to 31 October 
  2017 
                                                             Sunbelt   Corporate 
                                         Sunbelt   A-Plant    Canada       items     Group 
                                              US 
                                            GBPm      GBPm      GBPm        GBPm      GBPm 
 Revenue 
 Rental revenue                            803.2     107.9      34.1           -     945.2 
 Sale of new equipment, merchandise 
  and 
 consumables                                25.3       9.1       6.2           -      40.6 
 Sale of used rental equipment              21.4       9.3       2.5           -      33.2 
                                           849.9     126.3      42.8           -   1,019.0 
 
 Operating profit before amortisation 
 and exceptional items                     294.2      24.4      10.1       (3.9)     324.8 
 Amortisation                                                                       (12.5) 
 Net financing costs                                                                (26.4) 
 Exceptional items                                                                  (21.7) 
 Profit before taxation                                                              264.2 
 Taxation                                                                           (93.3) 
 Profit attributable to equity 
  shareholders                                                                       170.9 
 
 
 Six months to 31 October 2018 
                                                             Sunbelt   Corporate 
                                         Sunbelt   A-Plant    Canada       items     Group 
                                              US 
                                            GBPm      GBPm      GBPm        GBPm      GBPm 
 
 Revenue                                 1,771.6     221.3      81.6           -   2,074.5 
 Rental revenue 
 Sale of new equipment, merchandise 
  and 
 consumables                                51.3      17.3      11.1           -      79.7 
 Sale of used rental equipment              79.3      11.9       5.0           -      96.2 
                                         1,902.2     250.5      97.7           -   2,250.4 
 
 Operating profit before amortisation      644.5      44.2      21.2       (7.7)     702.2 
 Amortisation                                                                       (23.4) 
 Net financing costs                                                                (68.8) 
 Profit before taxation                                                              610.0 
 Taxation                                                                          (148.5) 
 Profit attributable to equity 
  shareholders                                                                       461.5 
 
 
 Six months to 31 October 2017 
                                                             Sunbelt   Corporate 
                                         Sunbelt   A-Plant    Canada       items     Group 
                                              US 
                                            GBPm      GBPm      GBPm        GBPm      GBPm 
 Revenue 
 Rental revenue                          1,514.7     214.7      44.6           -   1,774.0 
 Sale of new equipment, merchandise 
  and 
 consumables                                47.4      17.4       6.7           -      71.5 
 Sale of used rental equipment              37.5      13.0       3.1           -      53.6 
                                         1,599.6     245.1      54.4           -   1,899.1 
 
 Operating profit before amortisation 
 and exceptional items                     539.4      46.8      12.5       (7.4)     591.3 
 Amortisation                                                                       (22.1) 
 Net financing costs                                                                (54.4) 
 Exceptional items                                                                  (21.7) 
 Profit before taxation                                                              493.1 
 Taxation                                                                          (172.2) 
 Profit attributable to equity 
  shareholders                                                                       320.9 
 
 
                                           Sunbelt   Corporate 
                       Sunbelt   A-Plant    Canada       items     Group 
                            US 
                          GBPm      GBPm      GBPm        GBPm      GBPm 
 At 31 October 2018 
 Segment assets        6,897.7     874.4     490.8         0.5   8,263.4 
 Cash                                                               23.3 
 Taxation assets                                                    28.5 
 Total assets                                                    8,315.2 
 
 At 30 April 2018 
 Segment assets        5,507.6     847.3     344.6         0.5   6,700.0 
 Cash                                                               19.1 
 Taxation assets                                                    23.9 
 Total assets                                                    6,743.0 
 
   4.      Operating costs and other income 
 
                                                               2018                                                                2017 
 
                                        Before                                                                 Before 
                                  amortisation              Amortisation              Total              amortisation              Amortisation              Total 
                                          GBPm                      GBPm               GBPm                      GBPm                      GBPm               GBPm 
            Three months 
            to 31 October 
            Staff costs: 
            Salaries                     236.5                         -              236.5                     207.0                         -              207.0 
            Social 
             security 
             costs                        16.7                         -               16.7                      14.9                         -               14.9 
            Other pension 
             costs                         4.1                         -                4.1                       3.8                         -                3.8 
                                         257.3                         -              257.3                     225.7                         -              225.7 
 
            Used rental 
             equipment 
             sold                         40.2                         -               40.2                      29.3                         -               29.3 
 
            Other 
            operating 
            costs: 
            Vehicle costs                 73.8                         -               73.8                      59.8                         -               59.8 
            Spares, 
             consumables & 
             external 
             repairs                      58.0                         -               58.0                      48.2                         -               48.2 
            Facility costs                30.7                         -               30.7                      26.6                         -               26.6 
            Other external 
             charges                     147.9                         -              147.9                     126.8                         -              126.8 
                                         310.4                         -              310.4                     261.4                         -              261.4 
            Depreciation 
            and 
            amortisation: 
            Depreciation                 209.3                         -              209.3                     177.8                         -              177.8 
            Amortisation 
             of 
             intangibles                     -                      12.2               12.2                         -                      12.5               12.5 
                                         209.3                      12.2              221.5                     177.8                      12.5              190.3 
 
                                         817.2                      12.2              829.4                     694.2                      12.5              706.7 
 
 
                                                              2018                                                                 2017 
 
                                       Before                                                                 Before 
                                 amortisation              Amortisation              Total              amortisation              Amortisation                Total 
                                         GBPm                      GBPm               GBPm                      GBPm                      GBPm                 GBPm 
            Six months to 
            31 October 
            Staff costs: 
            Salaries                    448.0                         -              448.0                     393.1                         -                393.1 
            Social 
            security 
            costs                        32.8                         -               32.8                      29.0                         -                 29.0 
            Other pension 
            costs                         8.0                         -                8.0                       7.2                         -                  7.2 
                                        488.8                         -              488.8                     429.3                         -                429.3 
 
            Used rental 
            equipment 
            sold                         79.6                         -               79.6                      48.7                         -                 48.7 
 
            Other 
            operating 
            costs: 
            Vehicle costs               136.3                         -              136.3                     109.0                         -                109.0 
            Spares, 
            consumables & 
            external 
            repairs                     108.5                         -              108.5                      92.4                         -                 92.4 
            Facility 
            costs                        59.6                         -               59.6                      52.4                         -                 52.4 
            Other 
            external 
            charges                     278.8                         -              278.8                     233.6                         -                233.6 
                                        583.2                         -              583.2                     487.4                         -                487.4 
            Depreciation 
            and 
            amortisation: 
            Depreciation                396.6                         -              396.6                     342.4                         -                342.4 
            Amortisation 
            of 
            intangibles                     -                      23.4               23.4                         -                      22.1                 22.1 
                                        396.6                      23.4              420.0                     342.4                      22.1                364.5 
 
                                      1,548.2                      23.4            1,571.6                   1,307.8                      22.1              1,329.9 
 
   5.      Amortisation and exceptional items 

Amortisation relates to the periodic write-off of intangible assets. Exceptional items are items of income or expense which the Directors believe should be disclosed separately by virtue of their significant size or nature to enable a better understanding of the Group's financial performance. Underlying profit and earnings per share are stated before amortisation of intangibles and exceptional items.

 
                                           Three months      Six months 
                                                to               to 
                                            31 October       31 October 
                                           2018     2017    2018     2017 
                                           GBPm     GBPm    GBPm     GBPm 
 
 Amortisation of intangibles               12.2     12.5    23.4     22.1 
 Write-off of deferred financing costs        -      8.1       -      8.1 
 Release of premium                           -   (11.6)       -   (11.6) 
 Early redemption fee                         -     23.7       -     23.7 
 Call period interest                         -      1.5       -      1.5 
 Taxation                                 (2.7)   (12.3)   (5.4)   (15.4) 
                                            9.5     21.9    18.0     28.4 
 

The costs associated with the redemption of the $900m 6.5% senior secured notes in the prior year were classified as exceptional items. The write-off of deferred financing costs consists of the unamortised balance of the costs relating to the notes, whilst the release of premium related to the unamortised element of the premium which arose at the time of issuance of the $400m add-on to the initial $500m 6.5% senior secured notes. In addition, an early redemption fee of GBP24m ($31m) was paid to redeem the notes prior to their scheduled maturity. The call period interest represents the interest charge on the $900m notes for the period from the issue of the new $1.2bn notes to the date the $900m notes were redeemed. Of these items, total cash costs were GBP25m, whilst GBP3.5m (net income) were non-cash items and credited to the income statement.

The items detailed in the table above are presented in the income statement as follows:

 
                                             Three months     Six months to 
                                                  to 
                                              31 October       31 October 
                                             2018     2017     2018     2017 
                                             GBPm     GBPm     GBPm     GBPm 
 
 Amortisation of intangibles                 12.2     12.5     23.4     22.1 
 Charged in arriving at operating profit     12.2     12.5     23.4     22.1 
 Net financing costs                            -     21.7        -     21.7 
 Charged in arriving at profit before 
  tax                                        12.2     34.2     23.4     43.8 
 Taxation                                   (2.7)   (12.3)    (5.4)   (15.4) 
                                              9.5     21.9     18.0     28.4 
 
   6.      Net financing costs 
 
                                                Three months     Six months 
                                                     to              to 
                                                 31 October      31 October 
                                                  2018   2017    2018   2017 
                                                  GBPm   GBPm    GBPm   GBPm 
 Investment income: 
 Net interest on the net defined benefit 
  pension plan asset                             (0.1)      -   (0.1)      - 
 
 Interest expense: 
 Bank interest payable                            15.5   11.1    29.9   21.5 
 Interest payable on second priority senior 
  secured notes                                   21.2   14.3    36.4   31.1 
 Interest payable on finance leases                0.1    0.1     0.2    0.2 
 Non-cash unwind of discount on provisions         0.2    0.1     0.4    0.2 
 Amortisation of deferred debt raising 
  costs                                            1.1    0.8     2.0    1.4 
 Total interest expense                           38.1   26.4    68.9   54.4 
 
 
 Net financing costs before exceptional 
  items                                    38.0   26.4   68.8   54.4 
 Exceptional items                            -   21.7      -   21.7 
 Net financing costs                       38.0   48.1   68.8   76.1 
 
   7.      Taxation 

The tax charge for the period has been computed using a tax rate of 25% in the US (2017: 38%), 19% in the UK (2017: 19%) and 27% in Canada (2017: 27%). The blended rate for the Group as a whole is 24% (2017: 35%).

The tax charge of GBP154m (2017: GBP188m) on the underlying profit before taxation of GBP633m (2017: GBP537m) can be explained as follows:

 
                                              Six months to 31 October 
                                                    2018          2017 
                                                    GBPm          GBPm 
 Current tax 
 - current tax on income for the period             27.4          98.3 
 - adjustments to prior year                       (4.0)             - 
                                                    23.4          98.3 
 
 Deferred tax 
 - origination and reversal of temporary 
  differences                                      128.2          88.4 
 - adjustments to prior year                         2.3           0.9 
                                                   130.5          89.3 
 
 Tax on underlying activities                      153.9         187.6 
 
 
 
 Comprising: 
 - UK            11.1    10.2 
 - US           138.8   174.2 
 - Canada         4.0     3.2 
                153.9   187.6 
 

In addition, the tax credit of GBP5m (2017: GBP15m) on amortisation and exceptional items of GBP23m (2017: GBP44m) consists of a current tax credit of GBPnil (2017: GBP8m) relating to the US, and a deferred tax credit of GBP1m (2017: GBP1m) relating to the UK, GBP3m (2017: GBP5m) relating to the US and GBP1m (2017: GBP1m) relating to Canada.

   8.      Earnings per share 

Basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended 31 October 2018 have been calculated based on the profit for the relevant period and the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during that period (excluding shares held by the Company and the ESOT over which dividends have been waived). Diluted earnings per share is computed using the result for the relevant period and the diluted number of shares (ignoring any potential issue of ordinary shares which would be anti-dilutive). These are calculated as follows:

 
                                                                                Three months     Six months to 
                                                                                     to 
                                                                                 31 October       31 October 
                                                                                 2018    2017     2018     2017 
 
 Profit for the financial period (GBPm)                                         251.6   170.9    461.5    320.9 
 
 Weighted average number of shares 
  (m) - basic                                                                   483.2   497.5    485.5    497.5 
                                                                  - diluted     484.9   499.7    487.4    499.7 
 
 Basic earnings per share                                                       52.1p   34.3p    95.1p    64.5p 
 Diluted earnings per share                                                     51.9p   34.2p    94.7p    64.2p 
 

Underlying earnings per share (defined in any period as the earnings before amortisation of intangibles and exceptional items for that period divided by the weighted average number of shares in issue in that period) may be reconciled to the basic earnings per share as follows:

 
                                               Three months      Six months to 
                                                     to 
                                                31 October        31 October 
                                                2018     2017     2018     2017 
 
 Basic earnings per share                      52.1p    34.3p    95.1p    64.5p 
 Amortisation of intangibles                    2.5p     2.5p     4.8p     4.4p 
 Exceptional items                                 -     4.4p        -     4.4p 
 Tax on exceptional items and amortisation    (0.6p)   (2.5p)   (1.1p)   (3.1p) 
            Underlying earnings per share      54.0p    38.7p    98.8p    70.2p 
 
   9.      Dividends 

During the period, a final dividend in respect of the year ended 30 April 2018 of 27.5p (2017: 22.75p) per share was paid to shareholders costing GBP133.3m (2017: GBP113.2m). In addition, the directors are proposing an interim dividend in respect of the year ending 30 April 2019 of 6.5p (2018: 5.5p) per share to be paid on 6 February 2019 to shareholders who are on the register of members on 18 January 2019.

   10.    Property, plant and equipment 
 
                               2018                  2017 
                           Rental                Rental 
                        equipment     Total   equipment     Total 
 Net book value              GBPm      GBPm        GBPm      GBPm 
 
 At 1 May                 4,430.5   4,882.0     4,092.8   4,504.6 
 Exchange difference        293.1     321.1      (86.7)    (94.6) 
 Reclassifications          (1.0)         -       (0.6)         - 
 Additions                  971.1   1,063.1       635.8     707.6 
 Acquisitions               171.6     185.3       138.7     147.1 
 Disposals                 (81.0)    (85.0)      (47.0)    (50.9) 
 Depreciation             (350.8)   (396.6)     (302.2)   (342.4) 
 At 31 October            5,433.5   5,969.9     4,430.8   4,871.4 
 
   11.    Borrowings 
 
                                                 31 October   30 April 
                                                       2018       2018 
                                                       GBPm       GBPm 
 Current 
 Finance lease obligations                              2.5        2.7 
 
 Non-current 
 First priority senior secured bank debt            1,854.3    1,508.5 
 Finance lease obligations                              2.6        2.6 
 5.625% second priority senior secured notes, 
  due 2024                                            386.7      358.4 
 4.125% second priority senior secured notes, 
  due 2025                                            463.4      429.5 
 5.250% second priority senior secured notes,         462.3          - 
  due 2026 
 4.375% second priority senior secured notes, 
  due 2027                                            463.2      429.4 
                                                    3,632.5    2,728.4 
 

The senior secured bank debt and the senior secured notes are secured by way of, respectively, first and second priority fixed and floating charges over substantially all the Group's property, plant and equipment, inventory and trade receivables.

In July, the Group issued $600m 5.25% senior secured notes maturing in August 2026. The proceeds of the issue were used to pay related fees and expenses and repay an element of the amount outstanding under the senior credit facility.

Under the terms of our asset-based senior credit facility, $3.1bn is committed until July 2022. The $500m 5.625% senior secured notes mature in October 2024, the $600m 4.125% senior secured notes mature in August 2025, the $600m 5.25% senior secured notes mature in August 2026 and the $600m 4.375% senior secured notes mature in August 2027. Our debt facilities therefore remain committed for the long term, with an average maturity of six years. The weighted average interest cost of these facilities (including non-cash amortisation of deferred debt raising costs) is less than 5%. The terms of the senior secured notes are such that financial performance covenants are only measured at the time new debt is raised.

There is one financial performance covenant under the first priority senior credit facility. That is, the fixed charge ratio (comprising LTM EBITDA before exceptional items less LTM net capital expenditure paid in cash over the sum of scheduled debt repayments plus cash interest, cash tax payments and dividends paid in the last twelve months) which must be equal to, or greater than, 1.0. This covenant does not apply when availability exceeds $310m. The covenant ratio is calculated each quarter. At 31 October 2018, the fixed charge ratio exceeded the covenant requirement.

At 31 October 2018, availability under the senior secured bank facility was $826m ($1,115m at 30 April 2018), with an additional $3,333m of suppressed availability, meaning that the covenant did not apply at 31 October 2018 and is unlikely to apply in forthcoming quarters.

Fair value of financial instruments

At 31 October 2018, the Group had no derivative financial instruments.

With the exception of the Group's second priority senior secured notes detailed in the table below, the carrying value of non-derivative financial assets and liabilities is considered to equate materially to their fair value.

 
                                     At 31 October      At 30 April 2018 
                                          2018 
                                      Book      Fair       Book      Fair 
                                     value     value      value     value 
                                      GBPm      GBPm       GBPm      GBPm 
 
 - 5.625% senior secured notes       391.3     401.0      363.0     374.7 
 - 4.125% senior secured notes       469.5     436.1      435.5     413.8 
 - 5.250% senior secured notes       469.5     461.3          -         - 
 - 4.375% senior secured notes       469.5     432.0      435.5     407.2 
                                   1,799.8   1,730.4    1,234.0   1,195.7 
 Deferred costs of raising 
  finance                           (24.2)         -     (16.7)         - 
                                   1,775.6   1,730.4    1,217.3   1,195.7 
 

The fair value of the second priority senior secured notes has been calculated using quoted market prices at 31 October 2018.

   12.    Share capital 

Ordinary shares of 10p each:

 
                           31 October      30 April   31 October   30 April 
                                 2018          2018         2018       2018 
                               Number        Number         GBPm       GBPm 
 
 Issued and fully paid    499,225,712   499,225,712         49.9       49.9 
 

During the period, the Company purchased 9.2m ordinary shares at a total cost of GBP210m under the share buyback programme announced in December 2017, which are held in treasury. At 31 October 2018, 17.1m (April 2018: 7.9m) shares were held by the Company and a further 1.6m (April 2018: 1.7m) shares were held by the Company's Employee Share Ownership Trust.

   13.    Notes to the cash flow statement 
 
                                                        Six months to 31 October 
                                                              2018          2017 
                                                              GBPm          GBPm 
 a) Cash flow from operating activities 
 
 Operating profit before exceptional items and 
  amortisation                                               702.2         591.3 
 Depreciation                                                396.6         342.4 
 EBITDA before exceptional items                           1,098.8         933.7 
 Profit on disposal of rental equipment                     (16.6)         (4.9) 
 Profit on disposal of other property, plant 
  and equipment                                              (0.4)         (0.6) 
 (Increase)/decrease in inventories                          (5.1)           0.5 
 Increase in trade and other receivables                   (159.6)       (120.1) 
 Increase in trade and other payables                         45.9          28.2 
 Other non-cash movements                                      3.8           3.4 
 Cash generated from operations before exceptional 
  items 
 and changes in rental equipment                             966.8         840.2 
 
   b)     Analysis of net debt 

Net debt consists of total borrowings less cash and cash equivalents. Borrowings exclude accrued interest. Foreign currency denominated balances are retranslated to pounds sterling at rates of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date.

 
                                                   Non-cash movements 
                             1 May    Cash   Exchange       Debt       Other   31 October 
                              2018    flow   movement   acquired   movements         2018 
                              GBPm    GBPm       GBPm       GBPm        GBPm         GBPm 
 
 Short-term borrowings         2.7   (8.7)          -        7.9         0.6          2.5 
 Long-term borrowings      2,728.4   682.1      201.0       19.0         2.0      3,632.5 
 Total liabilities from 
 financing activities      2,731.1   673.4      201.0       26.9         2.6      3,635.0 
 Cash and cash 
 equivalents                (19.1)   (3.6)      (0.6)          -           -       (23.3) 
 Net debt                  2,712.0   669.8      200.4       26.9         2.6      3,611.7 
 
 
                                                    Non-cash movements 
                             1 May     Cash   Exchange       Debt       Other   31 October 
                              2017     flow   movement   acquired   movements         2017 
                              GBPm     GBPm       GBPm       GBPm        GBPm         GBPm 
 
 Short-term borrowings         2.6   (42.4)          -       40.7         1.7          2.6 
 Long-term borrowings      2,531.4    395.4     (65.1)          -       (1.7)      2,860.0 
 Total liabilities from 
 financing activities      2,534.0    353.0     (65.1)       40.7           -      2,862.6 
 Cash and cash 
 equivalents                 (6.3)    (5.5)        0.1          -           -       (11.7) 
 Net debt                  2,527.7    347.5     (65.0)       40.7           -      2,850.9 
 

Details of the Group's cash and debt are given in note 11 and the Review of Second Quarter, Balance Sheet and Cash Flow accompanying these condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

   c)         Acquisitions 
 
                                   Six months to 31 October 
                                         2018          2017 
                                         GBPm          GBPm 
 Cash consideration paid: 
 - acquisitions in the period           332.9         257.0 
 - contingent consideration               1.9           4.8 
                                        334.8         261.8 
 

During the period, 12 businesses were acquired with cash paid of GBP333m (2017: GBP257m), after taking account of net cash acquired of GBP2m. Further details are provided in note 14.

Contingent consideration of GBP2m (2017: GBP5m) was paid relating to prior year acquisitions.

   14.    Acquisitions 

During the period, the following acquisitions were completed:

i) On 1 June 2018, Sunbelt Canada acquired the entire share capital of Voisin's Equipment Rental Ltd. and Universal Rental Services Limited (together 'Voisin's') for an aggregate cash consideration of GBP18m (C$32m) with contingent consideration of up to GBP1m (C$2.5m), payable over the next year, depending on revenue meeting or exceeding certain thresholds. Including acquired debt, the total cash consideration was GBP44m (C$76m). Voisin's is a general equipment rental business in Ontario, Canada.

ii) On 29 June 2018, A-Plant acquired the entire share capital of Astra Site Services Limited ('Astra') for a cash consideration of GBP6m. Including acquired debt, the total cash consideration was GBP7m. Astra is a hydraulic attachment rental business.

iii) On 3 July 2018, Sunbelt Canada acquired the entire share capital of Richlock Rentals Ltd. ('Richlock') for a cash consideration of GBP7m (C$13m). Richlock is a general equipment rental business in British Columbia, Canada.

iv) On 17 July 2018, Sunbelt US acquired the business and assets of Wistar Equipment, Inc. ('Wistar') for a cash consideration of GBP18m ($23m). Wistar is an industrial power rental business in New Jersey.

v) On 20 July 2018, Sunbelt US acquired the entire share capital of Blagrave No 2 Limited, the parent company of Mabey, Inc. ('Mabey') for a cash consideration of GBP70m ($93m). Mabey is a ground protection and trench shoring business on the east coast of the US.

vi) On 8 August 2018, Sunbelt US acquired the business and assets of Berry Holdings, LLC, trading as Taylor Rental Center ('Taylor'), for a cash consideration of GBP1m ($1m). Taylor is a general equipment rental business in Ohio.

vii) On 13 August 2018, Sunbelt US acquired the business and assets of Interstate Aerials, LLC ('Interstate') for a cash consideration of GBP161m ($206m). Interstate is a general equipment rental business in Philadelphia and northern New Jersey.

viii) On 5 September 2018, Sunbelt US acquired the business and assets of Equipment 4 Rent ('E4R') for a cash consideration of GBP13m ($17m), with contingent consideration of up to GBP0.4m ($0.5m), payable over the next year, depending on revenue meeting or exceeding certain thresholds. E4R is a general equipment rental business in Massachusetts.

ix) On 25 September 2018, Sunbelt US acquired the business and assets of Gauer Service & Supply Company ('Gauer') for a cash consideration of GBP1m ($1m). Gauer is a general equipment rental business in Ohio.

x) On 28 September 2018, Sunbelt US acquired the business and assets of Midwest High Reach, Inc. ('MHR') for a cash consideration of GBP34m ($45m). MHR is a general equipment rental business in Illinois.

xi) On 1 October 2018, Sunbelt Canada acquired the business and assets of 2231147 Ontario Inc., trading as Innovative Industrial Solutions ('Innovative'), for a cash consideration of GBP2m (C$4m). Innovative is a flooring solutions rental business in Ontario, Canada.

xii) On 17 October 2018, Sunbelt Canada acquired the business and assets of Patcher Energy Management Ltd. ('Patcher') for a cash consideration of GBP4m (C$7m). Patcher is a temporary power rental business in Alberta, Canada.

The following table sets out the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired by the Group. The fair values have been determined provisionally at the balance sheet date.

 
                                                          Fair value 
                                                            to Group 
                                                                GBPm 
 Net assets acquired 
 Trade and other receivables                                    28.2 
 Inventory                                                       1.1 
 Property, plant and equipment 
 - rental equipment                                            171.6 
 - other assets                                                 13.7 
 Creditors                                                     (8.5) 
 Debt                                                         (26.9) 
 Current tax                                                     0.9 
 Deferred tax                                                 (18.8) 
 Intangible assets (non-compete agreements, 
 brand names and customer relationships)                        47.0 
                                                               208.3 
 Consideration: 
 - cash paid and due to be paid (net of cash acquired)         335.2 
 - contingent consideration payable in cash                      1.8 
                                                               337.0 
 
 Goodwill                                                      128.7 
 

The goodwill arising can be attributed to the key management personnel and workforce of the acquired businesses and to the synergies and other benefits the Group expects to derive from the acquisitions. The synergies and other benefits include elimination of duplicate costs, improving utilisation of the acquired rental fleet, using the Group's financial strength to invest in the acquired business and drive improved returns through a semi-fixed cost base and the application of the Group's proprietary software to optimise revenue opportunities. GBP86m of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

The fair value of trade receivables at acquisition was GBP28m. The gross contractual amount for trade receivables due was GBP30m, net of a GBP2m provision for debts which may not be collected.

Due to the operational integration of acquired businesses with Sunbelt US, Sunbelt Canada and A-Plant post acquisition, in particular due to the merger of some stores, the movement of rental equipment between stores and investment in the rental fleet, it is not practical to report the revenue and profit of the acquired businesses post acquisition.

The revenue and operating profit of these acquisitions from 1 May 2018 to their date of acquisition was not material.

   15.    Contingent liabilities 

The Group is subject to periodic legal claims in the ordinary course of its business, none of which is expected to have a material impact on the Group's financial position.

In October 2017, the European Commission opened a state aid investigation into the Group Financing Exemption in the UK controlled foreign company ('CFC') legislation. In common with other UK-based international companies, the Group may be affected by the outcome of this investigation and is therefore monitoring developments. If the preliminary findings of the European Commission's investigations into the UK legislation are upheld, we have estimated the Group's maximum potential liability to be GBP32m as at 31 October 2018. Based on the current status of the investigation, we have concluded that no provision is required in relation to this amount.

   16.    Events after the balance sheet date 

Since the balance sheet date, the Group has completed five acquisitions as follows:

i) On 1 November 2018, A-Plant acquired the entire share capital of Precision Geomatics Limited ('Precision') for a cash consideration of GBP4m. Precision is a survey equipment hire business.

ii) On 1 November 2018, Sunbelt US acquired the business and assets of Apex Pump & Equipment LLC ('Apex') for a cash consideration of GBP79m ($103m) with contingent consideration of up to GBP12m ($15m), payable over the next three years, depending on EBITDA meeting or exceeding certain thresholds. Apex is a pump business in Texas.

iii) On 1 November 2018, Sunbelt Canada acquired the business and assets of Full Impact Enterprises Ltd., trading as GWG Rentals ('GWG Rentals') for a cash consideration of GBP4m (C$6m). GWG Rentals is a general equipment rental business in British Columbia, Canada.

iv) On 8 November 2018, Sunbelt US acquired the business and assets of Underground Safety Equipment, LLC ('USE') for a cash consideration of GBP25m ($33m) with contingent consideration of up to GBP5m ($6m), payable over the next two years, depending on EBITDA meeting or exceeding certain thresholds. USE is a trench shoring business operating in Colorado, Utah, Tennessee and Texas.

v) On 30 November 2018, A-Plant acquired the entire share capital of Hoist It Limited ('Hoist It') for a cash consideration of GBP4m. Including acquired debt, the total cash consideration was GBP5m. Hoist It is a specialist provider of lifting solutions.

The initial accounting for these acquisitions is incomplete. Had these acquisitions taken place on 1 May 2018, their contribution to revenue and operating profit would not have been material.

REVIEW OF SECOND QUARTER, BALANCE SHEET AND CASH FLOW

Second quarter

 
                                     Revenue           EBITDA         Operating profit 
                                   2018      2017    2018    2017       2018      2017 
 
 Sunbelt US in $m               1,332.7   1,116.5   687.5   580.2      461.3     386.3 
 Sunbelt Canada in C$m             90.5      71.4    38.3    27.7       22.0      16.8 
 
 Sunbelt US in GBPm             1,024.8     849.9   528.6   441.7      354.6     294.2 
 A-Plant                          124.9     126.3    47.7    48.0       22.0      24.4 
 Sunbelt Canada in GBPm            53.3      42.8    22.5    16.7       12.9      10.1 
 Group central costs                  -         -   (3.7)   (3.8)      (3.7)     (3.9) 
                                1,203.0   1,019.0   595.1   502.6      385.8     324.8 
 Net financing costs                                                  (38.0)    (26.4) 
 Profit before amortisation, 
 exceptional items and tax                                             347.8     298.4 
 Amortisation                                                         (12.2)    (12.5) 
 Exceptional items                                                         -    (21.7) 
 Profit before taxation                                                335.6     264.2 
 
 Margins 
 Sunbelt US                                         51.6%   52.0%      34.6%     34.6% 
 A-Plant                                            38.2%   38.0%      17.7%     19.3% 
 Sunbelt Canada                                     42.3%   38.8%      24.3%     23.6% 
 Group                                              49.5%   49.3%      32.1%     31.9% 
 

Group revenue increased 18% to GBP1,203m in the second quarter (2017: GBP1,019m) with a good performance in each of our markets. This revenue growth, combined with continued focus on operational efficiency, generated underlying profit before tax of GBP348m (2017: GBP298m).

As for the half year, the Group's growth was driven by strong organic growth supplemented by bolt-on acquisitions. Sunbelt US's revenue growth for the quarter can be analysed as follows:

 
                                                   $m 
 2017 rental only revenue                         839 
 Organic (same-store and greenfields)    +15%     121 
 Bolt-ons since 1 August 2017             +4%      36 
 2018 rental only revenue                +19%     996 
 Ancillary revenue                       +15%     248 
 2018 rental revenue                     +18%   1,244 
 Sales revenue                           +44%      89 
 2018 total revenue                      +19%   1,333 
 

Sunbelt US's organic growth of 15% is well in excess of that of the rental market as we continue to take market share. In addition, bolt-ons have contributed a further 4% growth as we execute our long-term structural growth strategy of expanding our geographic footprint and our specialty businesses. Total rental only revenue growth of 19% was driven by an increase in fleet on rent.

A-Plant generated rental only revenue up 5% at GBP96m (2017: GBP92m) in the quarter. This reflected increased fleet on rent.

Sunbelt Canada delivered revenue of C$90m (2017: C$71m) in the quarter.

Group operating profit increased 19% to GBP386m (2017: GBP325m). Net financing costs were GBP38m (2017: GBP26m), reflecting a higher average interest rate and higher average debt levels. As a result, Group profit before amortisation of intangibles, exceptional items and taxation was GBP348m (2017: GBP298m). After amortisation of GBP12m, the statutory profit before taxation was GBP336m (2017: GBP264m).

Balance sheet

Fixed assets

Capital expenditure in the first half totalled GBP1,063m (2017: GBP708m) with GBP971m invested in the rental fleet (2017: GBP636m). Expenditure on rental equipment was 91% of total capital expenditure with the balance relating to the delivery vehicle fleet, property improvements and IT equipment. Capital expenditure by division was:

 
                                                  2018               2017 
                                   Replacement   Growth     Total   Total 
 
 Sunbelt US in $m                        241.8    828.4   1,070.2   699.9 
 Sunbelt Canada in C$m                    22.4     97.8     120.2    36.7 
 
 Sunbelt US in GBPm                      189.3    648.2     837.5   527.1 
 A-Plant                                  29.9     32.1      62.0    87.3 
 Sunbelt Canada in GBPm                   13.3     58.3      71.6    21.4 
 Total rental equipment                  232.5    738.6     971.1   635.8 
 Delivery vehicles, property improvements & 
  IT equipment                                               92.0    71.8 
 Total additions                                          1,063.1   707.6 
 

In a strong US rental market, $828m of rental equipment capital expenditure was spent on growth while $242m was invested in replacement of existing fleet. The growth proportion is estimated on the basis of the assumption that replacement capital expenditure in any period is equal to the original cost of equipment sold.

The average age of the Group's serialised rental equipment, which constitutes the substantial majority of our fleet, at 31 October 2018 was 31 months (2017: 30 months) on a net book value basis. Sunbelt US's fleet had an average age of 31 months (2017: 30 months), A-Plant's fleet had an average age of 34 months (2017: 30 months) and Sunbelt Canada's fleet had an average age of 28 months (2017: 23 months).

 
                                                                                 LTM           LTM 
                       Rental fleet at original cost        LTM rental        dollar      physical 
               31 October 2018     30 April   LTM average      revenue   utilisation   utilisation 
                                       2018 
 
 Sunbelt US in 
  $m                     8,697        7,552         7,701        4,244           55%           72% 
 Sunbelt Canada 
  in C$m                   633          394           464          253           55%           60% 
 
 Sunbelt US in 
  GBPm                   6,805        5,482         5,731        3,159           55%           72% 
 A-Plant                   899          862           872          412           47%           69% 
 Sunbelt Canada 
  in GBPm                  377          223           268          146           55%           60% 
                         8,081        6,567         6,871        3,717 
 
 

Dollar utilisation was 55% at Sunbelt US (2017: 54%), 47% at A-Plant (2017: 50%) and 55% at Sunbelt Canada (2017: 51%). The Sunbelt US dollar utilisation is ahead of where it was a year ago as the drag effect of yield and the increased cost of fleet moderates. The lower A-Plant dollar utilisation reflects the adverse yield effect while Sunbelt Canada has benefitted from the acquisition of CRS. Physical utilisation at Sunbelt US was 72% (2017: 71%), 69% at

A-Plant (2017: 69%) and 60% at Sunbelt Canada.

Trade receivables

Receivable days at 31 October 2018 were 51 days (2017: 50 days). The bad debt charge for the last twelve months ended 31 October 2018 as a percentage of total turnover was 0.7% (2017: 0.7%). Trade receivables at 31 October 2018 of GBP756m (2017: GBP591m) are stated net of allowances for bad debts and credit notes of GBP56m (2017: GBP45m) with the allowance representing 6.9% (2017: 7.1%) of gross receivables.

Trade and other payables

Group payable days were 59 days in 2018 (2017: 58 days) with capital expenditure related payables, which have longer payment terms, totalling GBP368m (2017: GBP217m). Payment periods for purchases other than rental equipment vary between seven and 60 days and for rental equipment between 30 and 120 days.

Cash flow and net debt

 
                                                     Six months         LTM to       Year 
                                                          to                           to 
                                                     31 October     31 October   30 April 
                                                   2018      2017         2018       2018 
                                                   GBPm      GBPm         GBPm       GBPm 
 
 EBITDA before exceptional items                1,098.8     933.7      1,898.2    1,733.1 
 
 Cash inflow from operations before 
  exceptional 
 items and changes in rental equipment            966.8     840.2      1,807.8    1,681.2 
 Cash conversion ratio*                             88%       90%          95%        97% 
 
 Replacement rental capital expenditure         (258.1)   (208.5)      (425.4)    (375.8) 
 Payments for non-rental capital expenditure     (89.2)    (71.1)      (159.3)    (141.2) 
 Rental equipment disposal proceeds                93.0      84.0        160.8      151.8 
 Other property, plant and equipment 
  disposal proceeds                                 4.1       4.8          8.2        8.9 
 Tax (net)                                       (22.7)    (77.4)       (42.9)     (97.6) 
 Financing costs                                 (60.4)    (56.4)      (114.0)    (110.0) 
 Cash inflow before growth capex and 
 payment of exceptional costs                     633.5     515.6      1,235.2    1,117.3 
 Growth rental capital expenditure              (611.4)   (452.7)      (864.6)    (705.9) 
 Exceptional costs                                    -    (25.2)            -     (25.2) 
 Free cash flow                                    22.1      37.7        370.6      386.2 
 Business acquisitions                          (334.8)   (261.8)      (432.0)    (359.0) 
 Total cash (absorbed)/generated                (312.7)   (224.1)       (61.4)       27.2 
 Dividends                                      (133.3)   (113.2)      (160.6)    (140.5) 
 Purchase of own shares by the Company          (209.6)         -      (367.8)    (158.2) 
 Purchase of own shares by the ESOT              (14.2)    (10.2)       (14.2)     (10.2) 
 Increase in net debt due to cash flow          (669.8)   (347.5)      (604.0)    (281.7) 
 

* Cash inflow from operations before exceptional items and changes in rental equipment as a percentage of EBITDA before exceptional items.

Cash inflow from operations before payment of exceptional costs and the net investment in the rental fleet increased by 15% to GBP967m. The first half cash conversion ratio was 88% (2017: 90%).

Total payments for capital expenditure (rental equipment and other PPE) in the first half were GBP959m (2017: GBP732m). Disposal proceeds received totalled GBP97m (2017: GBP89m), giving net payments for capital expenditure of GBP862m in the period (2017: GBP643m). Financing costs paid totalled GBP60m (2017: GBP56m) while tax payments were GBP23m (2017: GBP77m). Financing costs paid typically differ from the charge in the income statement due to the timing of interest payments in the year and non-cash interest charges. The exceptional costs incurred in the prior year represent the amounts paid to settle the interest and call premium due on the $900m senior secured notes which were satisfied and discharged in August 2017.

Accordingly, in the first half the Group generated GBP633m (2017: GBP516m) of net cash before discretionary investments made to enlarge the size and hence earning capacity of its rental fleet and on acquisitions. After growth capital expenditure and payment of exceptional costs, there was a free cash inflow of GBP22m (2017: GBP38m) and, after acquisition expenditure of GBP335m (2017: GBP262m), a net cash outflow of GBP313m (2017: GBP224m), before returns to shareholders.

Net debt

 
                                               31 October       30 April 
                                               2018      2017       2018 
                                               GBPm      GBPm       GBPm 
 
 First priority senior secured bank debt    1,854.3   1,595.7    1,508.5 
 Finance lease obligations                      5.1       5.1        5.3 
 5.625% second priority senior secured 
  notes, due 2024                             386.7     371.4      358.4 
 4.125% second priority senior secured 
  notes, due 2025                             463.4     445.2      429.5 
 5.250% second priority senior secured        462.3         -          - 
  notes, due 2026 
 4.375% second priority senior secured 
  notes, due 2027                             463.2     445.2      429.4 
                                            3,635.0   2,862.6    2,731.1 
 Cash and cash equivalents                   (23.3)    (11.7)     (19.1) 
 Total net debt                             3,611.7   2,850.9    2,712.0 
 

Net debt at 31 October 2018 was GBP3,612m with the increase since 30 April 2018 reflecting the net cash outflow set out above and the impact of weaker sterling (GBP200m). The Group's EBITDA for the twelve months ended 31 October 2018 was GBP1,898m and the ratio of net debt to EBITDA was 1.8 times at 31 October 2018 (2017: 1.8 times) on a constant currency basis and 1.9 times (2017: 1.7 times) on a reported basis.

Principal risks and uncertainties

Risks and uncertainties in achieving the Group's objectives for the remainder of the financial year, together with assumptions, estimates, judgements and critical accounting policies used in preparing financial information remain broadly unchanged from those detailed in the 2018 Annual Report and Accounts on pages 38 to 41.

The principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group are:

   --     economic conditions; 
   --     competition; 
   --     financing; 
   --     business continuity; 
   --     people; 
   --     health and safety; 
   --     environmental; and 
   --     laws and regulations. 

Further details, including actions taken to mitigate these risks, are provided within the 2018 Annual Report and Accounts.

Our business is subject to significant fluctuations in performance from quarter to quarter as a result of seasonal effects. Commercial construction activity tends to increase in the summer and during extended periods of mild weather and to decrease in the winter and during extended periods of inclement weather. Furthermore, due to the incidence of public holidays in the US, Canada and the UK, there are more billing days in the first half of our financial year than the second half leading to our revenue normally being higher in the first half. On a quarterly basis, the second quarter is typically our strongest quarter, followed by the first and then the third and fourth quarters.

In addition, the current trading and outlook section of the interim statement provides commentary on market and economic conditions for the remainder of the year.

Fluctuations in the value of the US dollar with respect to the pound sterling have had, and may continue to have, a significant impact on our financial condition and results of operations as reported in pounds due to the majority of our assets, liabilities, revenues and costs being denominated in US dollars. The Group has arranged its financing such that, at 31 October 2018, 91% of its debt was denominated in US (and Canadian) dollars so that there is a natural partial offset between its dollar-denominated net assets and earnings and its dollar-denominated debt and interest expense. At 31 October 2018, dollar-denominated debt represented approximately 58% of the value of dollar-denominated net assets (other than debt). Based on the current currency mix of our profits and on dollar debt levels, interest and exchange rates at 31 October 2018, a 1% change in the US dollar exchange rate would impact underlying pre-tax profit by approximately GBP10m.

OPERATING STATISTICS

 
                       Number of rental stores           Staff numbers 
                       31 October       30 April     31 October      30 April 
                        2018    2017        2018     2018     2017       2018 
 
 Sunbelt US              719     637         658   12,216   11,368     11,722 
 A-Plant                 194     187         187    3,693    3,622      3,571 
 Sunbelt Canada           64      52          54      887      717        688 
 Corporate office          -       -           -       15       13         15 
 Group                   977     876         899   16,811   15,720     15,996 
 

Sunbelt US's rental store number includes 19 Sunbelt at Lowes stores at 31 October 2018 (2017: 23).

INDEPENT REVIEW REPORT TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF ASHTEAD GROUP PLC

We have been engaged by the Company to review the condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the six months ended 31 October 2018 which comprise the consolidated income statement, the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, the consolidated balance sheet, the consolidated statement of changes in equity, the consolidated cash flow statement and related notes 1 to 16. We have read the other information contained in the half-yearly financial report and considered whether it contains any apparent misstatements or material inconsistencies with the information in the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

The report is made solely to the Company in accordance with International Standard on Review Engagements (UK and Ireland) 2410 "Review of Interim Financial Information performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity" issued by the Financial Reporting Council. Our work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company those matters we are required to state to them in an independent review report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company, for our review work, for this report, or for the conclusions we have formed.

Directors' responsibilities

The half-yearly financial report is the responsibility of, and has been approved by, the directors. The directors are responsible for preparing the half-yearly financial report in accordance with the Disclosure and Transparency Rules of the United Kingdom's Financial Conduct Authority.

As disclosed in note 2, the annual financial statements of the Group are prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the European Union and issued by the IASB. The condensed consolidated interim financial statements included in this half-yearly financial report have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard 34, "Interim Financial Reporting", as adopted by the European Union.

Our responsibility

Our responsibility is to express to the Company a conclusion on the condensed consolidated interim financial statements in the half-yearly financial report based on our review.

Scope of review

We conducted our review in accordance with International Standard on Review Engagements (UK and Ireland) 2410, "Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity" issued by the Financial Reporting Council for use in the United Kingdom. A review of interim financial information consists of making inquiries, primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures. A review is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) and consequently does not enable us to obtain assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an audit. Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.

Conclusion

Based on our review, nothing has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the six months ended 31 October 2018 are not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with International Accounting Standard 34 as adopted by the European Union and the Disclosure and Transparency Rules of the United Kingdom's Financial Conduct Authority.

Deloitte LLP

Statutory Auditor

London, United Kingdom

10 December 2018

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

The glossary of terms below sets out definitions of terms used throughout this announcement. Included are a number of alternative performance measures ('APMs') which the directors have adopted in order to provide additional useful information on the underlying trends, performance and position of the Group. The directors use these measures, which are common across the industry, for planning and reporting purposes. These measures are also used in discussions with the investment analyst community and credit rating agencies. The APMs are not defined by IFRS and therefore may not be directly comparable with other companies' APMs and should not be considered superior to or a substitute for IFRS measures. Further details are provided in the 2018 Annual Report and Accounts on pages 137 to 139.

 
 Availability: represents the headroom     Leverage: leverage is net debt 
  on a given date under the terms           divided by underlying EBITDA. 
  of our $3.1bn asset-backed senior         Leverage calculated at constant 
  credit facility, taking account           exchange rates uses the current 
  of current borrowings.                    balance sheet exchange rate. 
 
  Capital expenditure: represents           Net debt: net debt is total debt 
  additions to rental equipment             less cash balances, as reported. 
  and other tangible assets (excluding      An analysis of net debt is provided 
  assets acquired through a business        in 
  combination).                             note 13. 
 
  Cash conversion ratio: represents         Organic: organic measures comprise 
  cash flow from operations before          all locations, excluding locations 
  exceptional items and changes             arising from a bolt-on acquisition 
  in rental equipment as a percentage       completed after the start of the 
  of underlying EBITDA. Details             comparative financial period. 
  are provided within the Review 
  of Second Quarter, Balance Sheet          Physical utilisation: physical 
  and Cash Flow section.                    utilisation is measured as the 
                                            daily average of the amount of 
  Constant currency: calculated             itemised fleet at cost on rent 
  by applying the current period            as a percentage of the total fleet 
  exchange rate to the comparative          at cost and for Sunbelt US is 
  period result. The relevant foreign       measured only for equipment whose 
  currency exchange rates are provided      cost is over $7,500, which comprised 
  within the Basis of Preparation           89% of its fleet at 
  section.                                  31 October 2018. 
 
  Dollar utilisation: dollar utilisation    Return on Investment ("RoI"): 
  is trailing 12-month rental revenue       last 12-month ("LTM") underlying 
  divided by average fleet size             operating profit divided by the 
  at original (or 'first') cost             last 12-month average of the sum 
  measured over a 12-month period.          of net tangible and intangible 
  Details are shown within the Review       fixed assets, plus net working 
  of Second Quarter, Balance Sheet          capital but excluding net debt 
  and Cash Flow section.                    and tax. RoI is used by management 
                                            to help inform capital allocation 
  EBITDA: EBITDA is earnings before         decisions within the business 
  interest, tax, depreciation and           and a reconciliation of Group 
  amortisation. A reconciliation            RoI is provided below: 
  of EBITDA to profit before tax             LTM underlying operating 
  is shown on the income statement.           profit (GBPm)               1,148 
                                             Average net assets (GBPm)    6,380 
  Drop-through: calculated as the            Return on Investment           18% 
  incremental rental revenue which 
  converts into EBITDA. 
                                            RoI for the businesses is calculated 
  Exceptional items: those items            in the same way, but excludes 
  of income or expense which the            goodwill and intangible assets. 
  Directors believe should be disclosed 
  separately by virtue of their             Same-store: same-stores are those 
  significant size or nature to             locations which were open at the 
  enable a better understanding             start of the comparative financial 
  of the Group's financial performance.     period. 
 
  Fleet age: net book value weighted        Suppressed availability: represents 
  age of serialised rental assets.          the amount on a given date that 
  Serialised rental assets constitute       the asset base exceeds the facility 
  the substantial majority of our           size under the terms of our $3.1bn 
  fleet.                                    asset-backed senior credit facility. 
 
  Fleet on rent: quantity measured          Underlying: underlying results 
  at original cost of our rental            are results stated before exceptional 
  fleet on rent.                            items and the amortisation of 
                                            acquired intangibles. A reconciliation 
  Free cash flow: cash generated            is shown on the income statement. 
  from operating activities less 
  non-rental net property, plant            Yield: reflects a combination 
  and equipment expenditure. Non-rental     of the rental rate charged, rental 
  net property, plant and equipment         period and product and customer 
  expenditure comprises payments            mix. 
  for non-rental capital expenditure 
  less disposal proceeds received 
  in relation to non-rental asset 
  disposals. 
 

This information is provided by RNS, the news service of the London Stock Exchange. RNS is approved by the Financial Conduct Authority to act as a Primary Information Provider in the United Kingdom. Terms and conditions relating to the use and distribution of this information may apply. For further information, please contact rns@lseg.com or visit www.rns.com.

END

IR FFWFASFASEEE

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December 11, 2018 02:01 ET (07:01 GMT)

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