Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

Share Name	Share Symbol	Market	Type
Terreno Realty Corporation	NYSE:TRNO	NYSE	Common Stock

	Price Change	% Change	Share Price	High Price	Low Price	Open Price	Shares Traded	Last Trade
	-0.64	-1.13%	55.96	56.985	55.95	56.97	865,589	01:00:00

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_________________________

Form 10-Q

_________________________


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission file number: 001-34603

_________________________

Terreno Realty Corporation

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

_________________________


Maryland									27-1262675
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)									(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

10500 NE 8th Street, Suite 1910 Bellevue, WA									98004

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)									(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (415) 655-4580

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share

TRNO

New York Stock Exchange

_________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company”

and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The registrant had 96,704,102 shares of its common stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding as of May 6, 2024.

Terreno Realty Corporation

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements of Terreno Realty Corporation (unaudited)
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	2
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023	3

	Consolidated Statements of Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023	4
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023	5
	Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	6

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	18
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	37
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	38

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	39
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	39
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	39
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	39
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	39
Item 5.	Other Information	39
Item 6.	Exhibits	40
SIGNATURES		41

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements of Terreno Realty Corporation

Terreno Realty Corporation

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands – except share and per share data)


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(unaudited)
ASSETS
Investments in real estate
Land	$	1,986,161	$	1,995,494
Buildings and improvements	1,569,386		1,561,532
Construction in progress	399,478		343,485
Intangible assets	146,934		147,329
Total investments in properties	4,101,959		4,047,840
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(403,197)		(384,480)
Net investments in properties	3,698,762		3,663,360


Cash and cash equivalents	649,575		165,400
Restricted cash	10,874		836

Other assets, net	79,588		75,081
Total assets	$	4,438,799	$	3,904,677
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Liabilities
Credit facility	$	—	$	—
Term loans payable, net	199,204		199,145
Senior unsecured notes, net	572,566		572,418

Security deposits	33,742		32,934
Intangible liabilities, net	81,338		84,718
Dividends payable	43,517		39,052

Accounts payable and other liabilities	63,848		61,783
Total liabilities	994,215		990,050

Equity
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock: $0.01 par value, 400,000,000 shares authorized, and 96,195,439 and 87,487,098 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.	963		876
Additional paid-in capital	3,387,289		2,849,961
Common stock held in deferred compensation plan: 508,663 and 508,663 shares at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.	(31,788)		(31,788)
Retained earnings	88,120		95,578


Total stockholders’ equity	3,444,584		2,914,627
Total liabilities and equity	$	4,438,799	$	3,904,677

The accompanying condensed notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Terreno Realty Corporation

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands – except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
		2024		2023
REVENUES
Rental revenues and tenant expense reimbursements		$	85,030	$	74,651

Total revenues		85,030		74,651
COSTS AND EXPENSES
Property operating expenses		20,890		18,381
Depreciation and amortization		20,939		18,159
General and administrative		10,510		9,320
Acquisition costs and other		—		48
Total costs and expenses		52,339		45,908
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
Interest and other income		2,893		1,963
Interest expense, including amortization		(5,240)		(7,375)

Gain on sales of real estate investments		5,715		—
Total other income (expense)		3,368		(5,412)
Net income		36,059		23,331



Allocation to participating securities		(154)		(105)
Net income available to common stockholders		$	35,905	$	23,226
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE - BASIC AND DILUTED:
Net income available to common stockholders - basic		$	0.40	$	0.29
Net income available to common stockholders - diluted		$	0.40	$	0.29
BASIC WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING		88,873,871		79,895,886
DILUTED WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING		89,436,149		80,344,742

The accompanying condensed notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Terreno Realty Corporation

Consolidated Statements of Equity

(in thousands – except share data)

(Unaudited)

Three months ended March 31, 2024:


	Common Stock			Additional Paid- in Capital		Common Shares Held in Deferred Compensation Plan	Deferred Compensation Plan		Retained Earnings
	Number of Shares	Amount									Total
Balance as of December 31, 2023	87,487,098	$	876	$	2,849,961	508,663	$	(31,788)	$	95,578		$	2,914,627
Net income	—	—		—		—	—		36,059			36,059
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs of $3,226	8,678,278	87		534,955		—	—		—			535,042
Forfeiture of common stock related to employee awards	(9,324)	—		—		—	—		—			—
Common shares acquired related to employee awards	(14,517)	—		(983)		—	—		—			(983)

Issuance of restricted stock	53,904	—		—		—	—		—			—
Stock-based compensation	—	—		3,356		—	—		—			3,356
Common stock dividends ($0.45 per share)	—	—		—		—	—		(43,517)			(43,517)


Balance as of March 31, 2024	96,195,439	$	963	$	3,387,289	508,663	$	(31,788)	$	88,120		$	3,444,584

Three months ended March 31, 2023:


	Common Stock			Additional Paid- in Capital		Common Shares Held in Deferred Compensation Plan	Deferred Compensation Plan		Retained Earnings
	Number of Shares	Amount									Total
Balance as of December 31, 2022	76,463,482	$	765	$	2,167,276	417,665	$	(26,462)	$	88,272		$	2,229,851
Net income	—	—		—		—	—		23,331			23,331
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs of $943	6,197,825	62		377,426		—	—		—			377,488
Forfeiture of common stock related to employee awards	(6,434)	—		—		—	—		—			—
Common shares acquired related to employee awards	(9,745)	—		(627)		—	—		—			(627)

Issuance of restricted stock	59,504	—		—		—	—		—			—
Stock-based compensation	—	—		3,038		—	—		—			3,038
Common stock dividends ($0.40 per share)	—	—		—		—	—		(33,209)			(33,209)
Deposits to deferred compensation plan	(94,794)	—		5,547		94,794	(5,547)		—			—

Balance as of March 31, 2023	82,609,838	$	827	$	2,552,660	512,459	$	(32,009)	$	78,394		$	2,599,872

The accompanying condensed notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Terreno Realty Corporation

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	36,059	$	23,331
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Straight-line rents	(1,451)		(2,173)
Amortization of lease intangibles	(3,350)		(3,541)
Depreciation and amortization	20,939		18,159

Gain on sales of real estate investments	(5,715)		—
Deferred financing cost amortization	387		383

Stock-based compensation	3,356		3,038
Changes in assets and liabilities
Other assets	(3,763)		(3,998)
Accounts payable and other liabilities	577		3,602
Net cash provided by operating activities	47,039		38,801
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Cash paid for property acquisitions	(18,657)		(364,600)
Proceeds from sales of real estate investments, net	10,172		—
Additions to construction in progress	(32,216)		(8,904)
Additions to buildings, improvements and leasing costs	(7,882)		(13,862)



Net cash used in investing activities	(48,583)		(387,366)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Issuance of common stock	538,269		366,499
Issuance costs on issuance of common stock	(2,477)		(978)
Repurchase of common stock related to employee awards	(983)		(627)




Borrowings on credit facility	—		29,000
Payments on credit facility	—		(29,000)







Dividends paid to common stockholders	(39,052)		(30,753)

Net cash provided by financing activities	495,757		334,141
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	494,213		(14,424)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	166,236		28,083
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	660,449	$	13,659
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest	$	9,750	$	8,381
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash transactions
Accounts payable related to capital improvements	29,062		17,219
Non-cash issuance of common stock to the deferred compensation plan	—		(5,547)


Lease liability arising from recognition of right-of-use asset	1,228		—

Reconciliation of cash paid for property acquisitions
Acquisition of properties	$	18,628	$	406,730
Assumption of other assets and liabilities	29		(42,130)
Net cash paid for property acquisitions	$	18,657	$	364,600

The accompanying condensed notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Terreno Realty Corporation

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 1. Organization

Terreno Realty Corporation (“Terreno”, and together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) acquires, owns and operates industrial real estate in six major coastal U.S. markets: Los Angeles, Northern New Jersey/New York City, San Francisco Bay Area, Seattle, Miami, and Washington, D.C. All square feet, acres, occupancy and number of properties disclosed in these condensed notes to the consolidated financial statements are unaudited. As of March 31, 2024, the Company owned 258 buildings aggregating approximately 15.8 million square feet, 45 improved land parcels consisting of approximately 152.4 acres, ten properties under development or redevelopment and approximately 45.5 acres of land for future development.

The Company is an internally managed Maryland corporation and elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2010.

Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation. The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for annual financial statements. In management’s opinion, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The interim consolidated financial statements include all of the Company’s accounts and its subsidiaries and all intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the notes thereto, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 7, 2024.

Use of Estimates. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Capitalization of Costs. The Company capitalizes costs directly related to the development, redevelopment, renovation and expansion of its investment in real estate. Costs associated with such projects are capitalized as incurred. If the project is abandoned, these costs are expensed during the period in which the development, redevelopment, renovation or expansion project is abandoned. Costs considered for capitalization include, but are not limited to, construction costs, interest, real estate taxes and insurance, if appropriate. These costs are capitalized only during the period in which activities necessary to ready an asset for its intended use are in progress. In the event that the activities to ready the asset for its intended use are suspended, the capitalization period will cease until such activities are resumed. Costs incurred for maintaining and repairing properties, which do not extend their useful lives, are expensed as incurred.

Interest is capitalized based on actual capital expenditures from the period when development, redevelopment, renovation or expansion commences until the asset is ready for its intended use, at the weighted average borrowing rate during the period.

Investments in Real Estate. Investments in real estate, including tenant improvements, leasehold improvements and leasing costs, are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation, unless circumstances indicate that the cost cannot be recovered, in which case, an adjustment to the carrying value of the property is made to reduce it to its estimated fair value. The Company also reviews the impact of above and below-market leases, in-place leases and lease origination costs for acquisitions and records an intangible asset or liability accordingly.

Impairment. Carrying values for financial reporting purposes are reviewed for impairment on a property-by-property basis whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of a property may not be fully recoverable. Examples of such events or changes in circumstances may include classifying an asset to be held for sale, changing the intended hold period or when an asset remains vacant significantly longer than expected. The intended use of an asset either held for sale or held for use can significantly impact how impairment is measured. If an asset is intended to be held for the long-term, the recoverability is based on the undiscounted future cash flows. If the asset carrying value is not supported on an undiscounted future cash flow basis, then the asset carrying value is measured against the lower of cost or the present value of expected cash

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flows over the expected hold period. An impairment charge to earnings is recognized for the excess of the asset’s carrying value over the lower of cost or the present values of expected cash flows over the expected hold period. If an asset is intended to be sold, impairment is determined using the estimated fair value less costs to sell. The estimation of expected future net cash flows is inherently uncertain and relies on assumptions, among other things, regarding current and future economic and market conditions and the availability of capital. The Company determines the estimated fair values based on its assumptions regarding rental rates, lease-up and holding periods, as well as sales prices. When available, current market information is used to determine capitalization and rental growth rates. If available, current comparative sales values may also be used to establish fair value. When market information is not readily available, the inputs are based on the Company’s understanding of market conditions and the experience of the Company’s management team. Actual results could differ significantly from the Company’s estimates. The discount rates used in the fair value estimates represent a rate commensurate with the indicated holding period with a premium layered on for risk. There were no impairment charges recorded to the carrying values of the Company’s properties during the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023.

Property Acquisitions. In accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business, when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the integrated set of assets and activities is not considered a business. To be a business, the set of acquired activities and assets must include inputs and one or more substantive processes that together contribute to the ability to create outputs. The Company has determined that its real estate property acquisitions will generally be accounted for as asset acquisitions under the clarified definition. Upon acquisition of a property the Company estimates the fair value of acquired tangible assets (consisting generally of land, buildings and improvements) and intangible assets and liabilities (consisting generally of the above and below-market leases and the origination value of all in-place leases). The Company determines fair values using Level 3 inputs such as replacement cost, estimated cash flow projections and other valuation techniques and applying appropriate discount and capitalization rates based on available market information. Mortgage loans assumed in connection with acquisitions are recorded at their fair value using current market interest rates for similar debt at the date of acquisition. Acquisition-related costs associated with asset acquisitions are capitalized to individual tangible and intangible assets and liabilities assumed on a relative fair value basis and acquisition-related costs associated with business combinations are expensed as incurred.

The fair value of the tangible assets is determined by valuing the property as if it were vacant. Land values are derived from current comparative sales values, when available, or management’s estimates of the fair value based on market conditions and the experience of the Company’s management team. Building and improvement values are calculated as replacement cost less depreciation, or management’s estimates of the fair value of these assets using discounted cash flow analyses or similar methods. The fair value of the above and below-market leases is based on the present value of the difference between the contractual amounts to be received pursuant to the acquired leases (using a discount rate that reflects the risks associated with the acquired leases) and the Company’s estimate of the market lease rates measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the leases plus the term of any below-market fixed rate renewal options. The above and below-market lease values are amortized to rental revenues over the remaining initial term plus the term of any below-market fixed rate renewal options that are considered bargain renewal options of the respective leases. The total net impact to rental revenues due to the amortization of above and below-market leases was a net increase of approximately $3.4 million and $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The origination value of in-place leases is based on costs to execute similar leases, including commissions and other related costs. The origination value of in-place leases also includes real estate taxes, insurance and an estimate of lost rental revenue at market rates during the estimated time required to lease up the property from vacant to the occupancy level at the date of acquisition. The remaining weighted average lease term related to these intangible assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2024 was 6.3 years. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s intangible assets and liabilities, including properties held for sale (if any), consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):


	March 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net
In-place leases	$	143,049	$	(97,152)	$	45,897	$	143,444	$	(93,476)	$	49,968
Above-market leases	3,885		(3,493)		392		3,885		(3,463)		422
Below-market leases	(136,946)		55,608		(81,338)		(137,047)		52,329		(84,718)
Total	$	9,988	$	(45,037)	$	(35,049)	$	10,282	$	(44,610)	$	(34,328)

Depreciation and Useful Lives of Real Estate and Intangible Assets. Depreciation and amortization are computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets or liabilities. The following table reflects the standard

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depreciable lives typically used to compute depreciation and amortization. However, such depreciable lives may be different based on the estimated useful life of such assets or liabilities.


Description						Standard Depreciable Life
Land						Not depreciated
Building						40 years
Building Improvements						5-40 years
Tenant Improvements						Shorter of lease term or useful life
Leasing Costs						Lease term
In-place Leases						Lease term
Above/Below-Market Leases						Lease term

Held for Sale Assets. The Company considers a property to be held for sale when it meets the criteria established under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 360, Property, Plant and Equipment (See “Note 5 - Held for Sale/Disposed Assets”). Properties held for sale are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell and are not depreciated while they are held for sale.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consists of cash held in a major banking institution and other highly liquid short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less. Cash equivalents are generally invested in U.S. government securities, government agency securities or money market accounts.

Restricted Cash. Restricted cash includes cash held in escrow in connection with property acquisitions and reserves for certain capital improvements, leasing, interest and real estate tax and insurance payments as required by certain mortgage loan obligations.

The following summarizes the reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows (dollars in thousands):


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Beginning
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	$	165,400	$	26,393
Restricted cash	836		1,690
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	166,236		28,083
Ending
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	649,575		11,054
Restricted cash	10,874		2,605
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	660,449		13,659
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	494,213	$	(14,424)

Revenue Recognition. The Company records rental revenue from operating leases on a straight-line basis over the term of the leases and maintains an allowance for estimated losses that may result from the inability of its tenants to make required payments. If tenants fail to make contractual lease payments that are greater than the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts, security deposits and letters of credit, then the Company may have to recognize additional doubtful account charges in future periods. The Company monitors the liquidity and creditworthiness of its tenants on an ongoing basis by reviewing their financial condition periodically as appropriate. Each period the Company reviews its outstanding accounts receivable, including straight-line rents, for doubtful accounts and provides allowances as needed. The Company also records lease termination fees when a tenant has executed a definitive termination agreement with the Company and the payment of the termination fee is not subject to any conditions that must be met or waived before the fee is due to the Company. If a tenant remains in the leased space following the execution of a definitive termination agreement, the applicable termination will be deferred and recognized over the term of such tenant’s occupancy. Tenant expense reimbursement income includes payments and amounts due from tenants pursuant to their leases for real estate taxes, insurance and other recoverable property operating expenses and is recognized as revenues during the same period the related expenses are incurred.

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As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, approximately $56.6 million and $56.1 million, respectively, of straight-line rent and accounts receivable, net of allowances of approximately $1.5 million and $1.2 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, were included as a component of other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Deferred Financing Costs. Costs incurred in connection with financings are capitalized and amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the related loan. Deferred financing costs associated with the Company’s revolving credit facility are classified as an asset, as a component of other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, and deferred financing costs associated with debt liabilities are reported as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the debt liability in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Deferred financing costs related to the revolving credit facility and debt liabilities are carried at cost, net of accumulated amortization in the aggregate of approximately $13.9 million and $13.5 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Income Taxes. The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code and operates as such beginning with its taxable year ended December 31, 2010. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of its annual REIT taxable income to its stockholders (which is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP). As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent it distributes qualifying dividends to its stockholders. If it fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to federal income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the IRS grants it relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect the Company’s net income and net cash available for distribution to stockholders. However, the Company believes it is organized and operates in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT.

ASC 740-10, Income Taxes (“ASC 740-10”), provides guidance for how uncertain tax positions should be recognized, measured, presented and disclosed in the financial statements. ASC 740-10 requires the evaluation of tax positions taken in the course of preparing the Company’s tax returns to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax benefits of positions not deemed to meet the more-likely-than-not threshold are recorded as a tax expense in the current year. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company did not have any unrecognized tax benefits and does not believe that there will be any material changes in unrecognized tax positions over the next 12 months. The Company’s tax returns are subject to examination by federal, state and local tax jurisdictions, which as of March 31, 2024, include years 2020 to 2023 for federal purposes.

Stock-Based Compensation and Other Long-Term Incentive Compensation. The Company follows the provisions of ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, to account for its stock-based compensation plan, which requires that the compensation cost relating to stock-based payment transactions be recognized in the financial statements and that the cost be measured on the fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued. The Company’s 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”) provides for the grant of restricted stock awards, performance share awards, unrestricted shares or any combination of the foregoing. Stock-based compensation is recognized as a general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and measured at the fair value of the award on the date of grant. The Company estimates the forfeiture rate based on historical experience as well as expected behavior. The amount of the expense may be subject to adjustment in future periods depending on the specific characteristics of the stock-based award.

In addition, the Company has awarded long-term incentive target awards (the “Performance Share awards”) under its Amended and Restated Long-Term Incentive Plan (as amended and restated, the “Amended LTIP”), which the Company amended and restated on January 8, 2019, to its executives that may be payable in shares of the Company’s common stock after the conclusion of each pre-established performance measurement period, which is generally three years. The amount that may be earned is variable depending on the relative total shareholder return of the Company’s common stock as compared to the total shareholder return of the MSCI U.S. REIT Index (RMS) and the FTSE Nareit Equity Industrial Index over the pre-established performance measurement period. Under the Amended LTIP, each participant’s Performance Share award granted will be expressed as a number of shares of common stock and settled in shares of common stock. The grant date fair value of the Performance Share awards will be determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model on the date of grant and recognized on a straight-line basis over the performance period.

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments. ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”) (See “Note 8 - Fair Value Measurements”), defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 also provides guidance for using fair value to measure financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820 requires disclosure of the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall, including measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active (Level 2), and significant valuation assumptions that are not readily observable in the market (Level 3).

Segment Disclosure. ASC 280, Segment Reporting, establishes standards for reporting financial and descriptive information about an enterprise’s reportable segments. The Company has determined that it has one reportable segment, with activities related to investing in real estate. The Company’s investments in real estate are geographically diversified and the chief operating decision makers evaluate operating performance on an individual asset level. As each of the Company’s assets has similar economic characteristics, the assets have been aggregated into one reportable segment.

Note 3. Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The Company may maintain deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. However, the Company’s management believes the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company owned 44 buildings aggregating approximately 2.6 million square feet and 13 improved land parcels consisting of approximately 68.0 acres located in Northern New Jersey/New York City, which accounted for a combined percentage of approximately 24.9% of its annualized base rent. Such annualized base rent is based on contractual monthly base rent per the leases, for all buildings and improved land parcels, excluding any partial or full rent abatements as of March 31, 2024, multiplied by 12.

Other real estate companies compete with the Company in its real estate markets. This results in competition for tenants to occupy space. The existence of competing properties could have a material impact on the Company’s ability to lease space and on the level of rent that can be achieved. The Company had no tenant that accounted for greater than 10% of the Company's annualized base rent as of March 31, 2024.

Note 4. Investments in Real Estate

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company acquired two industrial properties with a total initial investment, including acquisition costs, of approximately $18.7 million, of which $15.1 million was recorded to land and $3.6 million to buildings and improvements.

The Company did not record any revenues or net income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 related to the 2024 acquisitions.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company acquired three industrial properties with a total initial investment, including acquisition costs, of approximately $406.7 million, of which $245.9 million was recorded to land, $143.0 million to buildings and improvements, and $17.8 million to intangible assets. Additionally, the Company assumed $42.7 million in liabilities.

The Company recorded revenues and net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2023 of approximately $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively, related to the 2023 acquisitions.

The above assets and liabilities were recorded at fair value, which uses Level 3 inputs. The properties were acquired from unrelated third parties using existing cash on hand, proceeds from property sales and issuances of common stock and borrowings on the revolving credit facility.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had ten properties under development or redevelopment that, upon completion, will consist of eleven buildings aggregating approximately 1.6 million square feet and one approximately 2.8-acre improved land parcel. Additionally, the Company owned approximately 45.5 acres of land for future development that, upon completion, will consist of four buildings aggregating approximately 0.8 million square feet. The following table summarizes certain

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information with respect to the properties under development or redevelopment and the land for future development as of March 31, 2024:


Property Name	Location	Total Expected Investment (in thousands) 1		Estimated Post-Development Square Feet	Estimated Post-Development Acreage


Properties under development or redevelopment:
Countyline Phase IV
Countyline Building 32 2	Hialeah, FL	$	40,132	164,307	—
Countyline Building 33 2	Hialeah, FL	38,977		158,042	—
Countyline Building 38 2, 4	Hialeah, FL	88,500		506,215	—
Countyline Building 39 2	Hialeah, FL	43,802		178,201	—
Countyline Building 40 2	Hialeah, FL	41,968		186,107	—
Maple III	Rancho Dominguez, CA	28,109		—	2.8
147th Street	Hawthorne, CA	18,095		31,378	—
East Garry Avenue	Santa Ana, CA	40,553		91,500	—
Paterson Plank III	Carlstadt, NJ	35,042		47,316	—
139th Street 3	Gardena, CA	104,594		227,755	—
Total		$	479,772	1,590,821	2.8

Land for future development:
Countyline Phase IV
Countyline Phase IV Land 2, 5	Hialeah, FL	$	216,900	814,772	—
Total		$	216,900	814,772	—

1Excludes below-market lease adjustments recorded at acquisition. Total expected investment for the properties includes the initial purchase price, buyer’s due diligence and closing costs, estimated near-term redevelopment expenditures, capitalized interest and leasing costs necessary to achieve stabilization.

2Collectively, “Countyline Phase IV”, a 121-acre project entitled for 2.2 million square feet of industrial distribution buildings located in Miami’s Countyline Corporate Park (“Countyline”), immediately adjacent to the Company’s seven buildings within Countyline. Countyline Phase IV, a landfill redevelopment adjacent to Florida’s Turnpike and the southern terminus of I-75, is expected to contain ten LEED-certified industrial distribution buildings at completion.

3This redevelopment property was initially acquired in 2017 for a total initial investment, including closing costs and acquisition costs, of approximately $39.9 million. The property was in the operating portfolio until January 2024 when redevelopment commenced. The amount spent to date includes the total initial investment and capital expenditures incurred prior to redevelopment and excludes accumulated depreciation recorded since acquisition. The Company expects a total incremental investment of approximately $64.0 million.

4This development was completed on April 23, 2024.

5On April 12, 2024, the Company commenced development of Countyline Building 31 in Countyline Phase IV. Upon completion, which is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of 2024, Countyline Building 31 will consist of one approximately 162,000 square foot industrial building with a total expected investment of approximately $42.1 million. The building is 100% pre-leased. The lease will commence upon completion of the building and will expire in May 2032.

The Company capitalized interest associated with development, redevelopment, renovation or expansion activities of approximately $3.1 million and $0.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Note 5. Held for Sale/Disposed Assets

The Company considers a property to be held for sale when it meets the criteria established under ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment. Properties held for sale are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell and are not depreciated while they are held for sale. As of March 31, 2024, the Company did not have any properties held for sale.

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During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company sold one property located in the Seattle market for a sales price of approximately $11.0 million, resulting in a gain of approximately $5.7 million.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were no properties sold.

Note 6. Debt

As of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had $775.0 million of unsecured debt and no secured debt. The following table summarizes the components of the Company’s indebtedness as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023		Margin Above SOFR	Interest Rate 1		Contractual Maturity Date

Unsecured Debt:

Credit Facility	$	—	$	—	1.1% 2	n/a		8/20/2025
5-Year Term Loan	100,000		100,000		1.3% 2	6.6	%	1/15/2027
5-Year Term Loan	100,000		100,000		1.3% 2	6.6	%	1/15/2028

$100M 7-Year Unsecured 3	100,000		100,000		n/a	3.8	%	7/14/2024
$50M 10-Year Unsecured 3	50,000		50,000		n/a	4.0	%	7/7/2026
$50M 12-Year Unsecured 3	50,000		50,000		n/a	4.7	%	10/31/2027
$100M 7-Year Unsecured 3	100,000		100,000		n/a	2.4	%	7/15/2028
$100M 10-Year Unsecured 3	100,000		100,000		n/a	3.1	%	12/3/2029
$125M 9-Year Unsecured 3	125,000		125,000		n/a	2.4	%	8/17/2030
$50M 10-Year Unsecured 3	50,000		50,000		n/a	2.8	%	7/15/2031





Total Unsecured Debt	775,000		775,000
Less: Unamortized debt issuance costs	(3,230)		(3,437)
Total	$	771,770	$	771,563

1Reflects the contractual interest rate under the terms of each loan as of March 31, 2024. Excludes the effects of unamortized debt issuance costs.

2The interest rates on these loans are comprised of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus a SOFR margin. The SOFR margins will range from 1.10% to 1.55% (1.10% as of March 31, 2024) for the revolving credit facility and 1.25% to 1.75% (1.25% as of March 31, 2024) for the term loans, depending on the ratio of the Company’s outstanding consolidated indebtedness to the value of the Company’s consolidated gross asset value and includes a 10 basis points SOFR credit adjustment.

3Collectively, the “Senior Unsecured Notes”.

The Company’s Sixth Amended and Restated Senior Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Amended Facility”) consists of a $400.0 million revolving credit facility that matures in August 2025, a $100.0 million term loan that matures in January 2027 and a $100.0 million term loan that matures in January 2028. As of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were no borrowings outstanding on the revolving credit facility and $200.0 million of borrowings outstanding on the term loans.

The aggregate amount of the Amended Facility may be increased by up to an additional $500.0 million to a maximum amount not to exceed $1.1 billion, subject to the approval of the administrative agent and the identification of lenders willing to make available additional amounts. Outstanding borrowings under the Amended Facility are limited to the lesser of (i) the sum of the $400.0 million revolving credit facility, the $100.0 million term loan maturing in January 2027 and the $100.0 million term loan maturing in January 2028, or (ii) 60.0% of the value of the unencumbered properties. Interest on the Amended Facility, including the term loans, is generally to be paid based upon, at the Company’s option, either (i) SOFR plus the applicable SOFR margin or (ii) the applicable base rate, which is the greatest of the administrative agent’s prime rate, 0.50% above the federal funds effective rate, thirty-day SOFR plus the applicable SOFR margin for SOFR rate loans under the Amended Facility plus 1.25%, or 1.25% per annum. The applicable SOFR margin will range from 1.10% to 1.55% (1.10% as of March 31, 2024) for the revolving credit facility and 1.25% to 1.75% (1.25% as of March 31, 2024) for the term loans, depending on the ratio of the Company’s outstanding consolidated indebtedness to the value of the Company’s consolidated gross asset value and includes a 10 basis points SOFR credit adjustment. The Amended Facility requires quarterly payments of an annual facility fee

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in an amount ranging from 0.15% to 0.30%, depending on the ratio of the Company’s outstanding consolidated indebtedness to the value of the Company’s consolidated gross asset value.

The Amended Facility and the Senior Unsecured Notes are guaranteed by the Company and by substantially all of the current and to-be-formed subsidiaries of the Company that own an unencumbered property. The Amended Facility and the Senior Unsecured Notes are not secured by the Company’s properties or by interests in the subsidiaries that hold such properties. The Amended Facility and the Senior Unsecured Notes include a series of financial and other covenants with which the Company must comply. The Company was in compliance with the covenants under the Amended Facility and the Senior Unsecured Notes as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

The scheduled principal payments of the Company’s debt as of March 31, 2024 were as follows (dollars in thousands):


	Credit Facility		Term Loan			Senior Unsecured Notes			Total Debt
2024 (9 months)	$	—	$	—		$	100,000		$	100,000
2025	—		—			—			—
2026	—		—			50,000			50,000
2027	—		100,000			50,000			150,000
2028	—		100,000			100,000			200,000
Thereafter	—		—			275,000			275,000
Total debt	—		200,000			575,000			775,000
Deferred financing costs, net	—		(796)			(2,434)			(3,230)
Total debt, net	$	—	$	199,204		$	572,566		$	771,770
Weighted average interest rate	n/a		6.6		%	3.1		%	4.0		%

Note 7. Leasing

The following is a schedule of minimum future cash rentals on tenant operating leases in effect as of March 31, 2024. The schedule does not reflect future rental revenues from the renewal or replacement of existing leases and excludes property operating expense reimbursements (dollars in thousands):


2024 (9 months)	$	191,714
2025	248,407
2026	215,793
2027	166,429
2028	123,768
Thereafter	299,079
Total	$	1,245,190

Note 8. Fair Value Measurements

ASC 820 requires disclosure of the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall, including measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active (Level 2), and significant valuation assumptions that are not readily observable in the market (Level 3).

Financial Instruments Disclosed at Fair Value

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximated their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these investments or liabilities based on Level 1 inputs. The fair values of the Company’s Senior Unsecured Notes were estimated by calculating the present value of principal and interest payments, based on borrowing rates available to the Company, which are Level 2 inputs, adjusted with a credit spread, as applicable, and assuming the loans are outstanding through maturity. The fair value of the Company’s Amended Facility approximated its carrying value because the variable interest rates approximate market borrowing rates available to the Company, which are Level 2 inputs.

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The following table sets forth the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the Company’s debt as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	Fair Value Measurement Using
	Total Fair Value		Quoted Price in Active Markets for Identical Assets and Liabilities (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Carrying Value




Liabilities
Debt at:
March 31, 2024	$	714,028	$	—	$	714,028	$	—	$	771,770
December 31, 2023	$	721,269	$	—	$	721,269	$	—	$	771,563

Note 9. Stockholders’ Equity

The Company’s authorized capital stock consists of 400,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. The Company has an at-the-market equity offering program (the "$500 Million ATM Program") pursuant to which the Company may issue and sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $500.0 million ($155.2 million remaining as of March 31, 2024) in amounts and at times to be determined by the Company from time to time. Prior to the implementation of the $500 Million ATM Program, the Company had a previous at-the-market equity offering program (the "$300 Million ATM Program"), which was substantially utilized as of September 5, 2023 and is no longer active. Actual sales under the $500 Million ATM Program, if any, will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by the Company from time to time, including, among others, market conditions, the trading price of the Company’s common stock, determinations by the Company of the appropriate sources of funding for the Company and potential uses of funding available to the Company. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company issued an aggregate of 2,353,278 shares of common stock at a weighted average offering price of $64.00 per share under the $500 Million ATM Program, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $148.4 million and paying total compensation to the applicable sales agents of approximately $2.2 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company issued an aggregate of 350,000 shares of common stock at a weighted average offering price of $63.30 per share under the $300 Million ATM Program, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $21.8 million, and paying total compensation to the applicable sales agents of approximately $0.3 million.

On March 27, 2024, the Company completed a public offering of 6,325,000 shares of common stock at a price per share of $62.00, which included the underwriters’ full exercise of their option to purchase an additional 825,000 shares. The net proceeds of the offering were approximately $387.1 million after deducting the underwriting discount and offering costs of approximately $5.0 million. The Company used the net proceeds for acquisitions subsequent to March 31, 2024, including the acquisition of an industrial property in Alexandria, Virginia and the acquisition of a portfolio of industrial properties comprised of 28 buildings located in New York City, Northern New Jersey, San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles.

On February 13, 2023, the Company completed a public offering of 5,750,000 shares of common stock at a price per share of $62.50, which included the underwriters’ full exercise of their option to purchase an additional 750,000 shares. The net proceeds of the offering were approximately $355.9 million after deducting the underwriting discount and offering costs of approximately $3.5 million. The Company used the net proceeds for acquisitions.

The Company has a share repurchase program authorizing the Company to repurchase up to 3,000,000 shares of its outstanding common stock from time to time through December 31, 2024. Purchases made pursuant to the program will be made in either the open market or in privately negotiated transactions as permitted by federal securities laws and other legal requirements. The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases will be determined by the Company in its discretion and will be subject to economic and market conditions, stock price, applicable legal requirements and other factors. The program may be suspended or discontinued at any time. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had not repurchased any shares of common stock pursuant to its share repurchase program.

The Company has a Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”) maintained for the benefit of select employees and members of the Company’s Board of Directors, in which certain of their cash and equity-based compensation may be deposited. Deferred Compensation Plan assets are held in a rabbi trust, which is subject to the claims of the Company’s creditors in the event of bankruptcy or insolvency. The shares held in the Deferred Compensation Plan are classified within stockholders’ equity in a manner similar to the manner in which treasury stock is classified. Subsequent changes in the fair value of the shares are not recognized. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, 0 and

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94,794 shares of common stock, respectively, were deposited into the Deferred Compensation Plan. During both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no shares of common stock withdrawn from the Deferred Compensation Plan.

As of March 31, 2024, there were 1,898,961 shares of common stock authorized for issuance as restricted stock grants, unrestricted stock awards or Performance Share awards under the 2019 Plan, of which 455,910 were remaining and available for issuance. The grant date fair value per share of restricted stock awards issued during the period from February 16, 2010 (commencement of operations) to March 31, 2024 ranged from $14.20 to $78.33. The fair value of the restricted stock that was granted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 was approximately $3.3 million and the vesting period for the restricted stock is typically between three and five years. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $15.4 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted stock issuances, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average period of approximately 3.0 years. The Company recognized compensation costs of approximately $1.4 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 related to the restricted stock issuances.

The following is a summary of the total restricted shares granted to the Company’s executive officers and employees with the related weighted average grant date fair value share prices for the three months ended March 31, 2024:

Restricted Stock Activity:


	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
















Non-vested shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023	419,057	$	60.99
Granted	53,904	60.93
Forfeited	(9,324)	68.01
Vested	(41,074)	64.35
Non-vested shares outstanding as of March 31, 2024	422,563	$	60.50

The following is a vesting schedule of the total non-vested shares of restricted stock outstanding as of March 31, 2024:


Non-vested Shares Vesting Schedule						Number of Shares
2024 (9 months)						71,990
2025						98,912
2026						77,006
2027						101,585
2028						73,070
Thereafter						—
Total Non-vested Shares						422,563

Long-Term Incentive Plan:

As of March 31, 2024, there were three open performance measurement periods for the Performance Share awards: January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2024, January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2025, and January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2026. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company did not issue any shares of common stock related to the Performance Share awards for the performance period from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2023.

The following table summarizes certain information with respect to the Performance Share awards granted on or after January 1, 2019 and includes the forfeiture of certain of the Performance Share awards during 2024 (dollars in thousands):

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Performance Share Period	Fair Value on Date of Grant 1		Expense for the Three Months Ended March 31,
				2024		2023


January 1, 2021 - December 31, 2023	$	4,820		$	—	$	402
January 1, 2022 - December 31, 2024	5,789			482		482
January 1, 2023 - December 31, 2025	9,040			639		753
January 1, 2024 - December 31, 2026	9,247			790		—
Total	$	28,896		$	1,911	$	1,637

1 Reflects the fair value on date of grant for all performance shares outstanding at March 31, 2024.

Dividends:

The following table sets forth the cash dividends paid or payable per share during the three months ended March 31, 2024:

For the Three Months Ended

Security

Dividend per Share

Declaration Date

Record Date

Date Paid

March 31, 2024

Common Stock

0.45

February 6, 2024

March 28, 2024

April 5, 2024

Note 10. Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Pursuant to ASC 260-10-45, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities, unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends are participating securities and are included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. The two-class method of computing earnings per share allocates earnings per share for common stock and any participating securities according to dividends declared (whether paid or unpaid) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Under the two-class method, earnings per common share are computed by dividing the sum of distributed earnings to common stockholders and undistributed earnings allocated to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The Company’s non-vested shares of restricted stock are considered participating securities since these share-based awards contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends irrespective of whether the awards ultimately vest or expire. The Company had no antidilutive securities or dilutive restricted stock awards outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

In accordance with the Company’s policies of determining whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities and accounting for earnings per share, the net income (loss) per common share is adjusted for earnings distributed through declared dividends (if any) and allocated to all participating securities (weighted average common shares outstanding and unvested restricted shares outstanding) under the two-class method. Under this method, allocations were made to 429,583 and 373,985 of weighted average unvested restricted shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Performance Share awards which may be payable in shares of the Company’s common stock after the conclusion of each pre-established performance measurement period are included as contingently issuable shares in the calculation of diluted weighted average common shares of stock outstanding assuming the reporting period is the end of the measurement period, and the effect is dilutive. Diluted shares related to the Performance Share awards were 562,278 and 448,856 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Note 11. Subsequent Events

On April 12, 2024, the Company commenced development of Countyline Building 31 in Hialeah, Florida. Upon completion, which is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of 2024, Countyline Building 31 will consist of one approximately 162,000 square foot industrial building with a total expected investment of approximately $42.1 million. The building is 100% pre-leased. The lease will commence upon completion of the building and will expire in May 2032.

On April 15, 2024, the Company acquired one industrial property in Alexandria, Virginia for a total purchase price of approximately $84.3 million. The property was acquired from an unrelated third party using existing cash on hand.

On April 23, 2024, the Company completed the development of Countyline Building 38 in Hialeah, Florida. Countyline Building 38 consists of one approximately 506,000 square foot industrial building with a total investment of approximately $88.5 million. The building is 100% leased through November 2034.

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On May 2, 2024, the Company acquired a portfolio of industrial properties located in New York City, Northern New Jersey, San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles for a total purchase price of approximately $364.5 million. The portfolio is comprised of 28 buildings totaling approximately 1.2 million square feet.

On May 7, 2024, the Company’s board of directors declared a cash dividend in the amount of $0.45 per share of its common stock payable on July 12, 2024 to the stockholders of record as of the close of business on June 28, 2024.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). We caution investors that forward-looking statements are based on management’s beliefs and on assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management. When used, the words “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “may”, “might”, “plan”, “project”, “result”, “should”, “will”, “seek”, “target”, “see”, “likely”, “position”, “opportunity”, “outlook”, “potential”, “future” and similar expressions which do not relate solely to historical matters are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions and are not guarantees of future performance, which may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties, and factors, that are beyond our control. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated, or projected. We expressly disclaim any responsibility to update our forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law. Accordingly, investors should use caution in relying on past forward-looking statements, which are based on results and trends at the time they are made, to anticipate future results or trends.

Some of the risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, among others, the following:

•the factors included under the headings “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 7, 2024, in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and in our other public filings;

•our ability to identify and acquire industrial properties on terms favorable to us;

•general volatility of the capital markets and the market price of our common stock;

•adverse economic or real estate conditions or developments in the industrial real estate sector and/or in the markets in which we own properties;

•our dependence on key personnel and our reliance on third-party property managers;

•our inability to comply with the laws, rules and regulations applicable to companies, and in particular, public companies;

•our ability to manage our growth effectively;

•tenant bankruptcies and defaults on, or non-renewal of, leases by tenants;

•decreased rental rates or increased vacancy rates;

•increased interest rates and operating costs;

•declining real estate valuations and impairment charges;

•our expected leverage, our failure to obtain necessary outside financing, and existing and future debt service obligations;

•our ability to make distributions to our stockholders;

•our failure to successfully hedge against interest rate increases;

•our failure to successfully operate acquired properties;

•risks relating to our real estate development, redevelopment, renovation and expansion strategies and activities (including rising inflation, supply chain disruptions and construction delays);

•the impact of any future pandemic, epidemic or outbreak of any highly infectious disease on the U.S., regional and global economies and on our business, financial condition and results of operations and that of our tenants;

•risks associated with security breaches through cyber attacks, cyber intrusions or otherwise, as well as other significant disruptions of our information technology networks and related systems;

•our failure to qualify or maintain our status as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”), and possible adverse changes to tax laws;

•uninsured or underinsured losses and costs relating to our properties or that otherwise result from future litigation;

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•environmental uncertainties and risks related to natural disasters;

•financial market fluctuations; and

•changes in real estate and zoning laws and increases in real property tax rates.

Overview

Terreno Realty Corporation (“Terreno”, and together with its subsidiaries, “we”, “us”, “our”, “our Company”, or “the Company”) acquires, owns and operates industrial real estate in six major coastal U.S. markets: Los Angeles, Northern New Jersey/New York City, San Francisco Bay Area, Seattle, Miami, and Washington, D.C. We invest in several types of industrial real estate, including warehouse/distribution (approximately 76.0% of our total annualized base rent as of March 31, 2024), flex (including light industrial and research and development, or R&D) (approximately 3.8%), transshipment (approximately 7.4%) and improved land (approximately 12.8%). We target functional properties in infill locations that may be shared by multiple tenants and that cater to customer demand within the various submarkets in which we operate. Infill locations are geographic locations surrounded by high concentrations of already developed land and existing buildings. As of March 31, 2024, we owned a total of 258 buildings aggregating approximately 15.8 million square feet, 45 improved land parcels consisting of approximately 152.4 acres, ten properties under development or redevelopment and approximately 45.5 acres of land for future development. As of March 31, 2024, our buildings and improved land parcels were approximately 96.2% and 94.6% leased, respectively, to 572 customers, the largest of which accounted for approximately 3.9% of our total annualized base rent. See “Item 1 – Our Investment Strategy – Industrial Facility General Characteristics” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for a general description of these types of industrial real estate.

We are an internally managed Maryland corporation and elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2010.

The following table summarizes by type our investments in real estate as of March 31, 2024:


Type	Number of Buildings or Improved Land Parcels	Annualized Base Rent (in thousands) 1		% of Total
Warehouse/distribution	224	$	189,876	76.0	%
Flex	14	9,409		3.8	%
Transshipment	20	18,399		7.4	%
Improved land	45	32,061		12.8	%
Total	303	$	249,745	100.0	%

1Annualized base rent is calculated as contractual monthly base rent per the leases, excluding any partial or full rent abatements, as of March 31, 2024, multiplied by 12.

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The following table summarizes by market our investments in real estate as of March 31, 2024:


	Los Angeles			Northern New Jersey/New York City			San Francisco Bay Area			Seattle			Miami			Washington, D.C.			Total/Weighted Average
Investments in Real Estate
Number of Buildings	53			44			56			44			38			23			258
Rentable Square Feet	2,603,447			2,636,157			3,042,305			2,739,130			3,006,585			1,795,046			15,822,670
% of Total	16.5		%	16.7		%	19.2		%	17.3		%	19.0		%	11.3		%	100.0		%
Occupancy % as of March 31, 2024 4	97.7		%	94.2		%	93.6		%	95.2		%	99.4		%	97.5		%	96.2		%
Annualized Base Rent (in thousands) 1	$	34,542		$	49,924		$	44,295		$	33,750		$	32,338		$	22,835		$	217,684
% of Total	15.9		%	22.9		%	20.3		%	15.5		%	14.9		%	10.5		%	100.0		%
Annualized Base Rent 1 Per Occupied Square Foot	$	13.58		$	20.11		$	15.56		$	12.94		$	10.83		$	13.05		$	14.30
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) 2	5.4			4.1			3.5			3.7			5.0			3.0			4.2

Investments in Improved Land
Number of Land Parcels	13			13			4			10			3			2			45
Acres	27.0			68.0			14.3			25.9			9.9			7.3			152.4
% of Total	17.7		%	44.6		%	9.4		%	17.0		%	6.5		%	4.8		%	100.0		%
Occupancy % as of March 31, 2024	88.9		%	92.4		%	100.0		%	100.0		%	100.0		%	100.0		%	94.6		%
Annualized Base Rent (in thousands) 1	$	7,916		$	12,175		$	2,837		$	6,099		$	1,959		$	1,075		$	32,061
% of Total	24.7		%	38.0		%	8.8		%	19.0		%	6.1		%	3.4		%	100.0		%
Annualized Base Rent 1 Per Occupied Square Foot	$	7.58		$	4.65		$	4.86		$	5.64		$	4.55		$	3.69		$	5.28
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) 2	3.5			4.3			6.0			2.9			7.2			3.6			4.3

Total Investments in Real Estate and Improved Land
Annualized Base Rent (in thousands) 1	$	42,458		$	62,099		$	47,132		$	39,849		$	34,297		$	23,910		$	249,745
% of Total Annualized Base Rent 1	17.0		%	24.9		%	18.9		%	16.0		%	13.7		%	9.5		%	100.0		%
Gross Book Value (in thousands) 3	$	751,864		$	830,337		$	767,068		$	611,374		$	809,750		$	331,566		$	4,101,959
% of Total Gross Book Value	18.3		%	20.2		%	18.7		%	14.9		%	19.7		%	8.2		%	100.0		%

1Annualized base rent is calculated as contractual monthly base rent per the leases, excluding any partial or full rent abatements, as of March 31, 2024, multiplied by 12.

2Weighted average remaining lease term is calculated by summing the remaining lease term of each lease as of March 31, 2024, weighted by the respective square footage.

3Includes ten properties under development or redevelopment that, upon completion, will consist of eleven buildings aggregating approximately 1.6 million square feet and one approximately 2.8-acre improved land parcel and approximately 45.5 acres of land for future development.

4Occupancy decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to 123,000 square feet of vacancy at our 620 Division property in Elizabeth, New Jersey, 69,000 square feet of vacancy at our West 140th property in San Leandro, California, and 40,000 square feet of acquired vacancy of which 16,000 square feet was leased subsequent to March 31, 2024 with a May 2024 commencement date.

As of March 31, 2024, we owned ten properties under development or redevelopment that, upon completion, will consist

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of eleven buildings aggregating approximately 1.6 million square feet and one approximately 2.8-acre improved land parcel, and approximately 45.5 acres of land for future development, with a total expected investment of approximately $696.7 million, including redevelopment costs, capitalized interest and other costs.

The following table summarizes our capital expenditures incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Building improvements	$	4,434	$	6,404
Tenant improvements	705		610
Leasing commissions	2,305		3,176
Development, redevelopment, renovation and expansion	34,756		11,620
Total capital expenditures 1	$	42,200	$	21,810

1Includes approximately $36.8 million and $17.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, related to leasing acquired vacancy, development and redevelopment construction in progress and renovation and expansion projects (stabilization capital) at 20 properties for both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Our industrial properties are typically subject to leases on a “triple net basis,” in which tenants pay their proportionate share of real estate taxes, insurance and operating costs, or are subject to leases on a “modified gross basis,” in which tenants pay expenses over certain threshold levels. In addition, approximately 97.2% of our leased space includes fixed rental increases or Consumer Price Index-based rental increases. Lease terms typically range from three to ten years. We monitor the liquidity and creditworthiness of our tenants on an ongoing basis by reviewing outstanding accounts receivable balances, and as provided under the respective lease agreements, review the tenant’s financial condition periodically as appropriate. As needed, we hold discussions with the tenant’s management about their business and we conduct site visits of the tenant’s operations.

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Our top 20 customers based on annualized base rent as of March 31, 2024 are as follows:


	Customer	Leases	Rentable Square Feet	% of Total Rentable Square Feet		Improved Land Acreage	Annualized Base Rent (in thousands) 1		% of Total Annualized Base Rent 2
1	Amazon.com	5	471,880	3.0	%	2.8	$	9,779	3.9	%
2	FedEx Corporation	5	242,889	1.5	%	7.7	5,229		2.1	%
3	O'Neill Logistics	2	429,692	2.8	%	—	4,403		1.7	%
4	United States Government	8	272,808	1.7	%	—	4,212		1.7	%
5	Danaher	3	171,707	1.1	%	—	4,078		1.6	%
6	District of Columbia	8	245,888	1.6	%	—	3,585		1.4	%
7	International Cargo Terminals Inc.	1	31,601	0.2	%	—	3,399		1.4	%
8	Motivate LLC	3	101,234	0.6	%	—	2,973		1.2	%
9	Meta Platforms, Inc.	1	225,678	1.4	%	—	2,896		1.2	%
10	Lucid USA, Inc.	1	161,680	1.0	%	—	2,598		1.0	%
11	Port Kearny Security, Inc.	1	—	—	%	16.9	2,460		1.0	%
12	Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation	2	148,458	0.9	%	—	2,458		1.0	%
13	Sarcona Management Corporation	2	28,124	0.2	%	4.9	2,325		0.9	%
14	Triton Logistics Inc.	1	190,907	1.2	%	—	2,273		0.9	%
15	B&B Granite Block Sales, LLC	1	—	—	%	7.2	2,246		0.9	%
16	L3 Harris Technologies, Inc.	2	170,114	1.1	%	—	2,218		0.9	%
17	JAM'N Logistics Inc.	1	110,336	0.7	%	—	2,145		0.9	%
18	Costco-Innovel Solutions LLC	1	219,910	1.4	%	—	1,984		0.8	%
19	Hanjin International America, Inc. and Hanjin Transportation Co., LTD	1	114,061	0.7	%	—	1,970		0.8	%
20	Team Alliance Logistics Inc. DBA A&V Transportation	2	—	—	%	4.4	1,877		0.8	%
	Total	51	3,336,967	21.1	%	43.9	$	65,108	26.1	%

1Annualized base rent is calculated as contractual monthly base rent per the leases, excluding any partial or full rent abatements, as of March 31, 2024, multiplied by 12.

2Total annualized base rent is calculated as contractual monthly base rent per the leases, for all buildings and improved land parcels, excluding any partial or full rent abatements, as of March 31, 2024, multiplied by 12.

The following tables summarize the anticipated lease expirations for leases in place as of March 31, 2024, without giving effect to the exercise of unexercised renewal options or termination rights, if any, at or prior to the scheduled expirations:


Buildings:
Year	Rentable Square Feet	% of Total Rentable Square Feet		Annualized Base Rent (in thousands) 2		% of Total Annualized Base Rent 3
2024 (9 months) 1	912,111	5.8	%	$	12,420	4.4	%
2025	1,991,936	12.6	%	30,990		11.0	%
2026	3,069,132	19.4	%	46,901		16.7	%
2027	2,606,404	16.5	%	42,946		15.3	%
2028	2,029,148	12.8	%	39,791		14.1	%
Thereafter	4,608,770	29.1	%	71,318		25.4	%
Total	15,217,501	96.2	%	$	244,366	86.9	%

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Improved Land Parcels:
Year	Improved Land Acreage	% of Total Improved Land Acreage		Annualized Base Rent (in thousands) 2		% of Total Annualized Base Rent 3
2024 (9 months) 4	21.2	13.9	%	$	4,357	1.5	%
2025	14.9	9.8	%	3,626		1.3	%
2026	17.9	11.7	%	4,882		1.7	%
2027	15.5	10.2	%	5,102		1.8	%
2028	14.8	9.6	%	3,945		1.4	%
Thereafter	60.1	39.4	%	14,979		5.4	%
Total	144.4	94.6	%	$	36,891	13.1	%


Total Buildings and Improved Land Parcels:
Year	Total Annualized Base Rent (in thousands)3		% of Total Annualized Base Rent 3
2024 (9 months) 5	$	16,777	5.9	%
2025	34,616		12.3	%
2026	51,783		18.4	%
2027	48,048		17.1	%
2028	43,736		15.5	%
Thereafter	86,297		30.8	%
Total	$	281,257	100.0	%

1Includes leases that expire on or after March 31, 2024 and month-to-month leases totaling approximately 70,607 square feet.

2Annualized base rent is calculated as contractual monthly base rent per the leases at expiration, excluding any partial or full rent abatements, as of March 31, 2024, multiplied by 12.

3Total annualized base rent is calculated as contractual monthly base rent per the leases at expiration, for all buildings and/or improved land parcels, excluding any partial or full rent abatements, as of March 31, 2024, multiplied by 12.

4Includes leases that expire on or after March 31, 2024 and month-to-month leases totaling approximately 2.4 acres.

5Includes leases that expire on or after March 31, 2024 and month-to-month leases disclosed in footnotes 1 and 4 of the table.

Our ability to re-lease or renew expiring space at rental rates equal to or in excess of current rental rates will impact our results of operations. As of March 31, 2024, leases representing approximately 5.9% of the total annualized base rent of our portfolio are scheduled to expire during the year ending December 31, 2024. We currently expect that, on average, the rental rates we are likely to achieve on new (re-leased) or renewed leases for our 2024 expirations will be above the rates currently being paid for the same space. Cash rent changes on new and renewed leases totaling approximately 0.7 million square feet and 3.3 acres of improved land commencing during the three months ended March 31, 2024 were approximately 47.2% higher as compared to the previous rental rates for that same space. We had a tenant retention ratio for the operating portfolio of 54.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. We had a tenant retention ratio for the improved land portfolio of 82.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. We define tenant retention ratio as the square footage or acreage of all leases commenced during the period that are rented by existing tenants divided by the square footage or acreage of all expiring leases during the reporting period. The square footage or acreage of tenants that default or buy-out prior to expiration of their lease and short-term leases of less than one year are not included in the calculation.

Our past performance may not be indicative of future results, and we cannot assure you that leases will be renewed or that our properties will be re-leased at all or at rental rates equal to or above the current average rental rates. Further, re-leased/renewed rental rates in a particular market may not be consistent with rental rates across our portfolio as a whole and re-leased/renewed rental rates for particular properties within a market may not be consistent with rental rates across our portfolio within a particular market, in each case due to a number of factors, including local real estate conditions, local supply and demand for industrial space, the condition of the property, the impact of leasing incentives, including free rent and tenant improvements, and whether the property, or space within the property, has been redeveloped.

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Recent Developments

Acquisition Activity

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we acquired two industrial properties for a total purchase price of approximately $18.5 million. The properties were acquired from unrelated third parties using existing cash on hand, net proceeds from dispositions and net proceeds from the issuance of common stock. The following table sets forth the industrial properties we acquired during the three months ended March 31, 2024:


Property Name	Location	Acquisition Date	Number of Buildings	Square Feet	Purchase Price (in thousands) 1		Stabilized Cap Rate 2
13045 SE 32nd Street	Bellevue, WA	January 5, 2024	1	16,000	$	6,500	5.8	%
181 Lombardy	Brooklyn, NY	March 22, 2024	1	24,000	12,000		5.7	%













Total/Weighted Average			2	40,000	$	18,500	5.7	%

1Excludes intangible liabilities. The total aggregate initial investment was approximately $18.7 million, including $0.2 million in capitalized closing costs and acquisition costs.

2Stabilized capitalization rates, referred to herein as stabilized cap rates, are calculated, at the time of acquisition, as annualized cash basis net operating income for the property stabilized to market occupancy (generally 95%) divided by the total acquisition cost for the property. Total acquisition cost basis for the property includes the initial purchase price, the effects of marking assumed debt to market, buyer’s due diligence and closing costs, estimated near-term capital expenditures and leasing costs necessary to achieve stabilization. We define cash basis net operating income for the property as net operating income excluding straight-line rents and amortization of lease intangibles. These stabilized cap rates are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions and are not guarantees of future performance, which may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties, and factors that are beyond our control, including risks related to our ability to meet our estimated forecasts related to stabilized cap rates and those risk factors contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and in our other public filings.

On April 15, 2024, we acquired one industrial property in Alexandria, Virginia for a total purchase price of approximately $84.3 million. The property was acquired from an unrelated third party using existing cash on hand and net proceeds from the issuance of common stock.

On May 2, 2024, we acquired a portfolio of industrial properties located in New York City, Northern New Jersey, San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles for a total purchase price of approximately $364.5 million. The portfolio was acquired from an unrelated third party using existing cash on hand and net proceeds from the issuance of common stock. The following tables summarize certain information with respect to the properties in the portfolio:

Market

Purchase Price (in thousands)

New York City

152,000

Northern New Jersey

94,000

San Francisco Bay Area

71,000

Los Angeles

47,500

Total

364,500

Property Address

Location

Square Feet

New York City Market

144-02 158th Street

Jamaica, Queens, NY

50,400

145-07 156th Street

Jamaica, Queens, NY

6,000

145-20 157th Street

Jamaica, Queens, NY

62,600

145-45 156th Street

Jamaica, Queens, NY

35,800

149-40 182nd Street

Jamaica, Queens, NY

15,200

154-09 146th Avenue

Jamaica, Queens, NY

45,900

156-15 146th Avenue

Jamaica, Queens, NY

26,400

182-09 149th Road

Jamaica, Queens, NY

39,700

182-17 150th Avenue

Jamaica, Queens, NY

95,200

149-39 Guy R. Brewer Boulevard

Jamaica, Queens, NY

15,000

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179-02 150th Avenue

Jamaica, Queens, NY

73,700

179-15 149th Road

Jamaica, Queens, NY

15,600

NY Parking Lots

Jamaica, Queens, NY

n/a

Total

481,500

Northern New Jersey Market

195 Anderson Avenue

Moonachie, NJ

18,000

1C Terminal Way

Avenel, NJ

40,000

2AB Terminal Way

Avenel, NJ

81,300

2C Terminal Way

Avenel, NJ

40,100

4AB Engelhard Avenue

Avenel, NJ

81,800

8AB Engelhard Avenue

Avenel, NJ

82,000

Total

343,200

San Francisco Bay Area Market

3528 Arden Road

Hayward, CA

101,800

1200-1220 San Mateo Avenue

South San Francisco, CA

85,300

20269-20281 Mack Street

Hayward, CA

50,800

Total

237,900

Los Angeles Market

16009-16019 Foothill Boulevard

Irwindale, CA

30,300

16033 -16037 Foothill Boulevard

Irwindale, CA

24,100

16057 -16059 Foothill Boulevard

Irwindale, CA

24,500

1355-1365 Foothill Boulevard

Azusa, CA

28,900

1335 Foothill Boulevard

Azusa, CA

24,200

1201 Foothill Boulevard

Azusa, CA

14,600

735-751 Todd Avenue

Azusa, CA

28,400

Total

175,000

Total Portfolio

1,237,600

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Development and Redevelopment Activity

As of March 31, 2024, we had ten properties under development or redevelopment that, upon completion, will consist of eleven buildings aggregating approximately 1.6 million square feet and one approximately 2.8-acre improved land parcel. Additionally, we owned approximately 45.5 acres of land for future development that, upon completion, will consist of four buildings aggregating approximately 0.8 million square feet. The following table summarizes certain information with respect to the properties under development or redevelopment and the land for future development as of March 31, 2024:


Property Name	Total Expected Investment (in thousands) 1		Amount Spent to Date (in thousands) 2		Estimated Stabilized Cap Rate 3		Estimated Post-Development Square Feet	Estimated Post-Development Acreage	Estimated Stabilization Quarter	% Pre-leased March 31, 2024



Properties under development or redevelopment:
Countyline Phase IV
Countyline Building 32 4	$	40,132	$	14,734	6.0	%	164,307	—	Q4 2025	—	%
Countyline Building 33 4	38,977		16,077		6.0	%	158,042	—	Q4 2025	—	%
Countyline Building 38 4, 6	88,500		80,181		5.0	%	506,215	—	Q2 2024	100.0	%
Countyline Building 39 4	43,802		38,256		5.8	%	178,201	—	Q3 2024	100.0	%
Countyline Building 40 4	41,968		35,333		6.0	%	186,107	—	Q4 2024	76.7	%
Maple III	28,109		25,447		3.2	%	—	2.8	Q4 2024	—	%
147th Street	18,095		12,178		6.1	%	31,378	—	Q4 2024	—	%
East Garry Avenue	40,553		21,352		5.1	%	91,500	—	Q1 2025	100.0	%
Paterson Plank III	35,042		29,888		4.3	%	47,316	—	Q1 2025	—	%
139th Street 5	104,594		40,694		6.1	%	227,755	—	Q4 2027	—	%
Total/Weighted Average	$	479,772	$	314,140	5.5	%	1,590,821	2.8		57.7	%

Land for future development:
Countyline Phase IV
Countyline Phase IV Land 4, 7	216,900		81,855		6.0	%	814,772	—	2025-2027	n/a
Total	$	216,900	$	81,855	6.0	%	814,772	—		n/a

2Excludes below-market lease adjustments recorded at acquisition.

3Estimated stabilized cap rates, referred to herein as estimated stabilized cap rates, are calculated as estimated annualized cash basis net operating income for the property stabilized to market occupancy (generally 95%) divided by the total acquisition cost for the property. We define cash basis net operating income for the property as net operating income excluding straight-line rents and amortization of lease intangibles. These stabilized cap rates are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions and are not guarantees of future performance, which may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties, and factors that are beyond our control, including risks related to our ability to meet our estimated forecasts related to stabilized cap rates and those risk factors contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and in our other public filings.

4Collectively, “Countyline Phase IV”, a 121-acre project entitled for 2.2 million square feet of industrial distribution buildings located in Miami’s Countyline Corporate Park (“Countyline”), immediately adjacent to our seven buildings within Countyline. Countyline Phase IV, a landfill redevelopment adjacent to Florida’s Turnpike and the southern terminus of I-75, is expected to contain ten LEED-certified industrial distribution buildings at completion.

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5This redevelopment property was initially acquired in 2017 for a total initial investment, including closing costs and acquisition costs, of approximately $39.9 million. The property was in the operating portfolio until January 2024 when redevelopment commenced. The amount spent to date includes the total initial investment and capital expenditures incurred prior to redevelopment and excludes accumulated depreciation recorded since acquisition. We expect a total incremental investment of approximately $64.0 million.

6This development was completed on April 23, 2024.

7On April 12, 2024, we commenced development of Countyline Building 31 in Countyline Phase IV. Upon completion, which is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of 2024, Countyline Building 31 will consist of one approximately 162,000 square foot industrial building with a total expected investment of approximately $42.1 million. The building is 100% pre-leased. The lease will commence upon completion of the building and will expire in May 2032.

Disposition Activity

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we sold one property located in the Seattle market for a sales price of approximately $11.0 million, resulting in a gain of approximately $5.7 million.

The following summarizes the condensed results of operations of the property sold during the three months ended March 31, 2024 (dollars in thousands):



	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Rental revenues	$	140	$	144
Tenant expense reimbursements	28		29
Property operating expenses	(30)		(26)
Depreciation and amortization	(24)		(24)
Income from operations	$	114	$	123

Public Offering

On March 27, 2024, we completed a public offering of 6,325,000 shares of common stock at a price per share of $62.00, which included the underwriters’ full exercise of their option to purchase an additional 825,000 shares. The net proceeds of the offering were approximately $387.1 million after deducting the underwriting discount and offering costs of approximately $5.0 million. We used the net proceeds for acquisitions subsequent to March 31, 2024, including the acquisition of an industrial property in Alexandria, Virginia and the acquisition of a portfolio of industrial properties comprised of 28 buildings located in New York City, Northern New Jersey, San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles.

ATM Program

We have an at-the-market equity offering program (the "$500 Million ATM Program") pursuant to which we may issue and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $500.0 million ($155.2 million remaining as of March 31, 2024) in amounts and at times as we determine from time to time. We intend to use the net proceeds from the offering of the shares under the $500 Million ATM Program, if any, for general corporate purposes, which may include future acquisitions, redevelopments and repayment of indebtedness, including borrowings under our revolving credit facility. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we issued an aggregate of 2,353,278 shares of common stock at a weighted average offering price of $64.00 per share, under the $500 Million ATM Program, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $148.4 million, and paying total compensation to the applicable sales agents of approximately $2.2 million.

Share Repurchase Program

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We have a share repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to 3,000,000 shares of our outstanding common stock from time to time through December 31, 2024. Purchases made pursuant to this program, if any, will be made in either the open market or in privately negotiated transactions as permitted by federal securities laws and other legal requirements. The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases will be determined by us in our discretion and will be subject to economic and market conditions, stock price, applicable legal requirements and other factors. The program may be suspended or discontinued at any time. As of March 31, 2024, we had not repurchased any shares of our common stock pursuant to our share repurchase program.

Dividend and Distribution Activity

On May 7, 2024, our board of directors declared a cash dividend in the amount of $0.45 per share of our common stock payable on July 12, 2024 to the stockholders of record as of the close of business on June 28, 2024.

Contractual Commitments

As of May 7, 2024, we had no outstanding contracts or non-binding letters of intent to acquire any industrial properties as described under the heading “Material Cash Commitments” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Inflation

The U.S. economy experienced a significant increase in inflation rates in recent years. A wide variety of industries and sectors have been, and will continue to be, affected by increasing commodity prices. In recent years, inflation has increased construction costs, including tenant improvements and capital projects, goods and labor, and operating costs. Most of our leases require the tenants to pay their share of operating expenses, including common area maintenance, real estate taxes and insurance, thereby reducing our exposure to increases in costs and operating expenses resulting from inflation. In addition, leases with respect to approximately 69.2% of our total rentable square feet and improved land acreage expire within five years which enables us to seek to replace existing leases with new leases at the then-existing market rate.

Financial Condition and Results of Operations

We derive substantially all of our revenues from rents received from tenants under existing leases on each of our properties. These revenues include fixed base rents and recoveries of certain property operating expenses that we have incurred and that we pass through to the individual tenants. Approximately 97.2% of our leased space includes fixed rental increases or Consumer Price Index-based rental increases. Lease terms typically range from three to ten years.

Our primary cash expenses consist of our property operating expenses, which include: real estate taxes, repairs and maintenance, management expenses, insurance, utilities, general and administrative expenses, which include compensation costs, office expenses, professional fees and other administrative expenses, acquisition costs, which include third-party costs paid to brokers and consultants, and interest expense, primarily on our revolving credit facility, term loans and senior unsecured notes.

Our consolidated results of operations often are not comparable from period to period due to the impact of property acquisitions at various times during the course of such periods. The results of operations of any acquired property are included in our financial statements as of the date of its acquisition.

The analysis of our results below for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 includes the changes attributable to same store properties. The same store pool for the comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 includes all properties that were owned and in operation as of March 31, 2024 and since January 1, 2023 and excludes properties that were either disposed of prior to, held for sale to a third party or in development or redevelopment as of March 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, the same store pool consisted of 246 buildings aggregating approximately 14.7 million square feet representing approximately 93.0% of our total square feet owned and 44 improved land parcels consisting of approximately 145.3 acres representing approximately 95.3% of our total acreage owned. As of March 31, 2024, the non-same store properties, which we acquired, developed or redeveloped, or sold during 2024 and 2023 or were held for sale or in development or redevelopment as of March 31, 2024, consisted of 12 buildings aggregating approximately 1.1 million square feet, one improved land parcel consisting of approximately 7.1 acres, ten properties under development or redevelopment and approximately 45.5 acres of land for future development. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, our consolidated same store pool occupancy was approximately 96.2% and 98.3%, respectively.

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Our future financial condition and results of operations, including rental revenues, straight-line rents and amortization of lease intangibles, may be impacted by the acquisitions of additional properties, and expenses may vary materially from historical results.

Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023		$ Change		% Change
	(Dollars in thousands)
Rental revenues 1
Same store	$	60,175	$	57,031	$	3,144	5.5	%
Non-same store operating properties 2	6,843		2,507		4,336		173.0	%
Total rental revenues	67,018		59,538		7,480		12.6	%
Tenant expense reimbursements 1
Same store	16,767		14,616		2,151		14.7	%
Non-same store operating properties 2	1,245		497		748		150.5	%
Total tenant expense reimbursements	18,012		15,113		2,899		19.2	%
Total revenues	85,030		74,651		10,379		13.9	%
Property operating expenses
Same store	19,148		17,691		1,457		8.2	%
Non-same store operating properties 2	1,742		690		1,052		152.5	%
Total property operating expenses	20,890		18,381		2,509		13.6	%
Net operating income 3
Same store	57,794		53,956		3,838		7.1	%
Non-same store operating properties 2	6,346		2,314		4,032		174.2	%
Total net operating income	$	64,140	$	56,270	$	7,870	14.0	%
Other costs and expenses
Depreciation and amortization	20,939		18,159		2,780		15.3	%
General and administrative	10,510		9,320		1,190		12.8	%
Acquisition costs and other	—		48		(48)		(100.0)	%
Total other costs and expenses	31,449		27,527		3,922		14.2	%
Other income (expense)
Interest and other income	2,893		1,963		930		47.4	%
Interest expense, including amortization	(5,240)		(7,375)		2,135		(28.9)	%

Gain on sales of real estate investments	5,715		—		5,715		n/a
Total other income (expense)	3,368		(5,412)		8,780		n/a
Net income	$	36,059	$	23,331	$	12,728	54.6	%

1Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842), allows us to elect not to separate lease and non-lease rental income. All rental income earned pursuant to tenant leases is reflected as one line, “Rental revenues and tenant expense reimbursements” on our accompanying consolidated statements of operations. We believe that the above presentation of rental revenues and tenant expense reimbursements is not, and is not intended to be, a presentation in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), and a reconciliation to total revenue is provided above. We believe this information is frequently used by management, investors, and other interested parties to evaluate our performance. See “Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies” in our condensed notes to consolidated financial statements for more information regarding our adoption of this standard.

2Includes 2024 and 2023 acquisitions and dispositions, one improved land parcel, ten properties under development or redevelopment and approximately 45.5 acres of land for future development.

3Includes straight-line rents and amortization of lease intangibles. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a definition and reconciliation of net operating income and same store net operating income from net income and a discussion of why we believe net operating income and same store net operating income are useful supplemental measures of our operating performance.

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Revenues. Total revenues increased approximately $10.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period from the prior year due primarily to increased revenue on new and renewed leases and property acquisitions during 2024 and 2023. Cash rents on new and renewed leases totaling approximately 0.7 million square feet and 3.3 acres of improved land commencing during the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased approximately 47.2% compared to the previous rental rates for that same space. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, approximately $1.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively, was recorded in straight-line rental revenues related to contractual rent abatements given to certain tenants and approximately $0.1 million was recorded in lease termination revenue for both periods. The increase in total revenues was partially offset by a decrease in occupancy for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period from the prior year.

Property operating expenses. Total property operating expenses increased approximately $2.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period from the prior year. The increase in total property operating expenses was primarily due to an increase of approximately $1.1 million attributable to property acquisitions during 2024 and 2023 as well as increases in insurance premiums and real estate taxes.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization increased approximately $2.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period from the prior year primarily due to property acquisitions during 2024 and 2023.

General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses increased approximately $1.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period from the prior year primarily due to increased compensation expenses compared to the same period from the prior year, including an increase in the number of employees and salaries and increased restricted stock amortization and LTIP expense.

Acquisition costs and other. Acquisition costs and other for the three months ended March 31, 2024 remained consistent with the same period in the prior year.

Interest and other income. Interest and other income increased approximately $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period from the prior year primarily due to higher cash and cash equivalent balances and higher interest rates on those balances.

Interest expense, including amortization. Interest expense decreased approximately $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period from the prior year. This was primarily due to an increase in capitalized interest for the development and redevelopment properties, partially offset by higher average interest rates on the unsecured term loans during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Gain on sales of real estate investments. Gain on sales of real estate investments increased approximately $5.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period from the prior year. We recognized an aggregate gain of approximately $5.7 million from the sale of one property during the three months ended March 31, 2024. We did not sell any properties during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The primary objective of our financing strategy is to maintain financial flexibility with a conservative capital structure using retained cash flows, proceeds from dispositions of properties, long-term debt and the issuance of common and perpetual preferred stock to finance our growth. Over the long-term, we intend to:

•limit the sum of the outstanding principal amount of our consolidated indebtedness and the liquidation preference of any outstanding perpetual preferred stock to less than 35% of our total enterprise value;

•maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio in excess of 2.0x;

•maintain a net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA ratio below 5.0x;

•limit the principal amount of our outstanding floating rate debt to less than 20% of our total consolidated indebtedness; and

•have staggered debt maturities that are aligned to our expected average lease term (five to seven years), positioning us to re-price parts of our capital structure as our rental rates change with market conditions.

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We intend to preserve a flexible capital structure with a long-term goal to maintain our investment grade rating and be in a position to issue additional unsecured debt and perpetual preferred stock. Fitch Ratings assigned us an issuer rating of BBB+ with a stable outlook. A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating agency. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain our current credit rating. Our credit rating can affect the amount and type of capital we can access, as well as the terms of any financings we may obtain. In the event our current credit rating is downgraded, it may become difficult or expensive to obtain additional financing or refinance existing obligations and commitments. We intend to primarily utilize senior unsecured notes, term loans, credit facilities, dispositions of properties, and proceeds from the issuance of common stock and perpetual preferred stock. We may also assume debt in connection with property acquisitions which may have a higher loan-to-value ratio.

We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements generally through net cash provided by operations, existing cash balances and, if necessary, short-term borrowings under our revolving credit facility. We believe that our net cash provided by operations will be adequate to fund operating requirements, pay interest on any borrowings and fund distributions in accordance with the REIT requirements of the federal income tax laws. In the near-term, we intend to fund future investments in properties, property developments and redevelopments and scheduled debt maturities with cash on hand, term loans, senior unsecured notes, borrowings under our revolving credit facility, perpetual preferred and common stock issuances and, from time to time, property dispositions. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements, including with respect to other investments in industrial properties, property acquisitions, property developments and redevelopments, renovations and expansions and scheduled debt maturities, through borrowings under our revolving credit facility, periodic issuances of common stock, perpetual preferred stock, and long-term unsecured and secured debt, and, from time to time, with proceeds from the disposition of properties. The success of our acquisition strategy may depend, in part, on our ability to obtain and borrow under our revolving credit facility and to access additional capital through issuances of equity and debt securities.

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors.

Equity Sources of Liquidity

The following sets forth certain information regarding our current at-the-market common stock offering program as of March 31, 2024:


ATM Stock Offering Program	Date Implemented	Maximum Aggregate Offering Price (in thousands)		Aggregate Common Stock Available (in thousands)
$500 Million ATM Program	September 6, 2023	$	500,000	$	155,207

The table below sets forth the activity under our at-the-market common stock offering programs during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:


For the Three Months Ended	Shares Sold	Weighted Average Price Per Share		Net Proceeds (in thousands)		Sales Commissions (in thousands)
March 31, 2024	2,353,278	$	64.00	$	148,424	$	2,184
March 31, 2023	350,000	$	63.30	$	21,834	$	321

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Debt Sources of Liquidity

As of March 31, 2024, we had $100.0 million of senior unsecured notes that mature in July 2024, $50.0 million of senior unsecured notes that mature in July 2026, $50.0 million of senior unsecured notes that mature in October 2027, $100.0 million of senior unsecured notes that mature in July 2028, $100.0 million of senior unsecured notes that mature in December 2029, $125.0 million of senior unsecured notes that mature in August 2030, and $50.0 million of senior unsecured notes that mature in July 2031 (collectively, the “Senior Unsecured Notes”).

Our Sixth Amended and Restated Senior Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Amended Facility”) consists of a $400.0 million revolving credit facility that matures in August 2025, a $100.0 million term loan that matures in January 2027 and a $100.0 million term loan that matures in January 2028. As of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were no borrowings outstanding on the revolving credit facility and $200.0 million of borrowings outstanding on the term loans.

The aggregate amount of the Amended Facility may be increased by up to an additional $500.0 million to a maximum amount not to exceed $1.1 billion, subject to the approval of the administrative agent and the identification of lenders willing to make available additional amounts. Outstanding borrowings under the Amended Facility are limited to the lesser of (i) the sum of the $400.0 million revolving credit facility, the $100.0 million term loan maturing in January 2027 and the $100.0 million term loan maturing in January 2028, or (ii) 60.0% of the value of the unencumbered properties. Interest on the Amended Facility, including the term loans, is generally to be paid based upon, at our option, either (i) the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus the applicable SOFR margin or (ii) the applicable base rate, which is the greatest of the administrative agent’s prime rate, 0.50% above the federal funds effective rate, thirty-day SOFR plus the applicable SOFR margin for SOFR rate loans under the Amended Facility plus 1.25%, or 1.25% per annum. The applicable SOFR margin will range from 1.10% to 1.55% (1.10% as of March 31, 2024) for the revolving credit facility and 1.25% to 1.75% (1.25% as of March 31, 2024) for the term loans, depending on the ratio of our outstanding consolidated indebtedness to the value of our consolidated gross asset value and includes a 10 basis points SOFR credit adjustment. The Amended Facility requires quarterly payments of an annual facility fee in an amount ranging from 0.15% to 0.30%, depending on the ratio of our outstanding consolidated indebtedness to the value of our consolidated gross asset value.

The Amended Facility and the Senior Unsecured Notes are guaranteed by us and by substantially all of the current and to-be-formed subsidiaries of the borrower that own an unencumbered property. The Amended Facility and the Senior Unsecured Notes are not secured by our properties or by interests in the subsidiaries that hold such properties. The Amended Facility and the Senior Unsecured Notes include a series of financial and other covenants with which we must comply. We were in compliance with the covenants under the Amended Facility and the Senior Unsecured Notes as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we held cash and cash equivalents totaling approximately $649.6 million and $165.4 million, respectively.

The following tables summarize our debt maturities and principal payments as of March 31, 2024 and our market capitalization, capitalization ratios, Adjusted EBITDA, interest coverage, fixed charge coverage and debt ratios as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (dollars in thousands, except per share data):


	Credit Facility		Term Loan		Senior Unsecured Notes		Total Debt
2024 (9 months)	$	—	$	—	$	100,000	$	100,000
2025	—		—		—		—
2026	—		—		50,000		50,000
2027	—		100,000		50,000		150,000
2028	—		100,000		100,000		200,000
Thereafter	—		—		275,000		275,000
Total Debt	—		200,000		575,000		775,000
Deferred financing costs, net	—		(796)		(2,434)		(3,230)
Total Debt, net	$	—	$	199,204	$	572,566	$	771,770
Weighted average interest rate	n/a		6.6%		3.1%		4.0%

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	As of March 31, 2024			As of March 31, 2023
Total Debt, net	$	771,770		$	770,941
Less: Cash and cash equivalents	(649,575)			(11,054)
Net Debt	$	122,195		$	759,887
Equity
Common Stock
Shares Outstanding 1	96,704,102			83,122,297
Market Price 2	$	66.40		$	64.60
Total Equity	6,421,152			5,369,700
Total Market Capitalization	$	7,192,922		$	6,140,641
Total Debt-to-Total Investments in Properties 3	18.8%			20.2%

Total Debt-to-Total Market Capitalization 4	10.7%			12.6%
Floating Rate Debt as a % of Total Debt 5	25.8%			25.8%



Net Income	$	36,059		$	23,331
Adjusted EBITDA 6	$	59,879		$	51,951
Interest Coverage 7	11.4		x	7.0		x
Fixed Charge Coverage 8	7.2		x	6.5		x
Net Debt-to-Adjusted EBITDA 9	0.5		x	3.7		x
Weighted Average Maturity of Total Debt (years)	4.1			5.1

1Includes 422,563 and 377,909 shares of unvested restricted stock outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Also includes 508,663 and 512,459 shares held in the Deferred Compensation Plan as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

2Closing price of a share of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on March 28, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively, in dollars per share.

3Total debt-to-total investments in properties is calculated as total debt, net of deferred financing costs, divided by total investments in properties.

4Total debt-to-total market capitalization is calculated as total debt, net of deferred financing costs, divided by total market capitalization.

5Floating rate debt as a percentage of total debt is calculated as floating rate debt, net of deferred financing costs, divided by total debt, net of deferred financing costs.

6Earnings before interest, taxes, gains (losses) from sales of property, depreciation and amortization, acquisition costs and stock-based compensation (“Adjusted EBITDA”) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a definition and reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA from net income and a discussion of why we believe Adjusted EBITDA is a useful supplemental measure of our operating performance.

7Interest coverage is calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by interest expense, including amortization. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a definition and reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA from net income and a discussion of why we believe Adjusted EBITDA is a useful supplemental measure of our operating performance.

8Fixed charge coverage is calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by interest expense, including amortization plus capitalized interest. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a definition and reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA from net income and a discussion of why we believe Adjusted EBITDA is a useful supplemental measure of our operating performance.

9Net debt-to-Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as net debt divided by annualized Adjusted EBITDA. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the definitions of Adjusted EBITDA and net debt, a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA from net income and a discussion of why we believe Adjusted EBITDA and net debt are useful supplemental measures of our operating performance.

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The following table sets forth the cash dividends paid or payable per share during the three months ended March 31, 2024:

For the Three
Months Ended

Security

Dividend per
Share

Declaration Date

Record Date

Date Paid

March 31, 2024

Common Stock

0.45

February 6, 2024

March 28, 2024

April 5, 2024

Sources and Uses of Cash

Our principal sources of cash are cash from operations, borrowings under loans payable, draws on our Amended Facility, common and preferred stock issuances, proceeds from property dispositions and issuances of unsecured notes. Our principal uses of cash are asset acquisitions, developments and redevelopments, debt service, capital expenditures, operating costs, corporate overhead costs and common stock dividends.

Cash From Operating Activities. Net cash provided by operating activities totaled approximately $47.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to approximately $38.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This increase in cash provided by operating activities is primarily attributable to additional cash flows generated from the properties acquired during 2024 and 2023 and increased rents on new and renewed leases at our same store properties.

Cash From Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities was approximately $48.6 million and $387.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which consisted primarily of cash paid for property acquisitions of approximately $18.7 million and $364.6 million, respectively, additions to capital improvements of approximately $40.1 million and $22.8 million, respectively, and was partially offset by proceeds from sales of real estate investments of approximately $10.2 million and $0.0 million, respectively.

Cash From Financing Activities. Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $495.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, which consisted primarily of approximately $535.8 million in net proceeds from the issuance of common stock, partially offset by approximately $39.1 million in equity dividend payments. Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $334.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, which consisted primarily of approximately $365.5 million in net proceeds from the issuance of common stock, partially offset by approximately $30.8 million in equity dividend payments.

Critical Accounting Policies And Estimates

A summary of our critical accounting policies is set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and in the condensed notes to consolidated financial statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Material Cash Commitments

The following table summarizes our material cash commitments due by period as of March 31, 2024 (dollars in thousands):


Material Cash Commitments	Less than 1 Year		1-3 Years		3-5 Years		More than 5 Years		Total
Debt	$	100,000	$	150,000	$	250,000	$	275,000	$	775,000
Debt interest payments	16,140		27,533		21,010		11,153		75,836
Operating lease commitments	889		1,978		1,715		323		4,905

Purchase obligations 1	—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	117,029	$	179,511	$	272,725	$	286,476	$	855,741

1 As of May 7, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, we had one outstanding contract with a third-party seller to acquire an industrial property for a total purchase price of $84.3 million and two outstanding contracts with a third-party seller to acquire a portfolio of industrial properties comprised of 28 buildings for a total purchase price of $364.5 million. Subsequent to March 31, 2024, both the industrial property and the industrial portfolio were acquired, as described under the heading “Acquisition Activity” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

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We use the following non-GAAP financial measures that we believe are useful to investors as key supplemental measures of our operating performance: funds from operations, or FFO, Adjusted EBITDA, net operating income, or NOI, same store NOI, cash-basis same store NOI and net debt. FFO, Adjusted EBITDA, NOI, same store NOI, cash-basis same store NOI and net debt should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance in accordance with GAAP. Further, our computation of FFO, Adjusted EBITDA, NOI, same store NOI, cash-basis same store NOI and net debt may not be comparable to FFO, Adjusted EBITDA, NOI, same store NOI, cash-basis same store NOI and net debt reported by other companies.

We compute FFO in accordance with standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“Nareit”), which defines FFO as net income (loss) (determined in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains (losses) from sales of property and impairment write-downs of depreciable real estate, plus depreciation and amortization on real estate assets and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures (which are calculated to reflect FFO on the same basis). We believe that presenting FFO provides useful information to investors regarding our operating performance because it is a measure of our operations without regard to specified non-cash items, such as real estate depreciation and amortization and gain or loss on sale of assets.

We believe that FFO is a meaningful supplemental measure of our operating performance because historical cost accounting for real estate assets in accordance with GAAP implicitly assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time. Since real estate values have historically risen or fallen with market conditions, many industry investors and analysts have considered the presentation of operating results for real estate companies that use historical cost accounting alone to be insufficient. As a result, we believe that the use of FFO, together with the required GAAP presentations, provide a more complete understanding of our operating performance.

The following table reflects the calculation of FFO reconciled from net income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (dollars in thousands except per share data):


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023		$ Change		% Change
Net income	$	36,059	$	23,331	$	12,728	54.6	%
Gain on sales of real estate investments	(5,715)		—		(5,715)		n/a
Depreciation and amortization	20,939		18,159		2,780		15.3	%
Non-real estate depreciation	(39)		(32)		(7)		21.9	%
Allocation to participating securities 1	(227)		(189)		(38)		20.1	%
FFO attributable to common stockholders	$	51,017	$	41,269	$	9,748	23.6	%
Basic FFO per common share	$	0.57	$	0.52	$	0.05	9.6	%
Diluted FFO per common share	$	0.57	$	0.51	$	0.06	11.8	%
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	88,873,871		79,895,886
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	89,436,149		80,344,742

1To be consistent with our policies of determining whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities and accounting for earnings per share, the FFO per common share is adjusted for FFO distributed through declared dividends (if any) and allocated to all participating securities (weighted average common shares outstanding and unvested restricted shares outstanding) under the two-class method. Under this method, allocations were made to 429,583 and 373,985 of weighted average unvested restricted shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

FFO increased by approximately $9.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period from the prior year due primarily to property acquisitions during 2023 and 2024 as well as same store NOI growth of approximately $3.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period from the prior year. The FFO increase was partially offset by increased weighted average common shares outstanding and increased general and administrative expenses.

We compute Adjusted EBITDA as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, gain on sales of real estate investments, acquisition costs and stock-based compensation. We believe that presenting Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors regarding our operating performance because it is a measure of our operations on an unleveraged basis before the effects of tax, gain (loss) on sales of real estate investments, non-cash depreciation and

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amortization expense, acquisition costs and stock-based compensation. By excluding interest expense, Adjusted EBITDA allows investors to measure our operating performance independent of our capital structure and indebtedness and, therefore, allows for more meaningful comparison of our operating performance between quarters and other interim periods as well as annual periods and for the comparison of our operating performance to that of other companies, both in the real estate industry and in other industries. As we are currently in a growth phase, acquisition costs are excluded from Adjusted EBITDA to allow for the comparison of our operating performance to that of stabilized companies.

The following table reflects the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA reconciled from net income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023		$ Change		% Change
Net income	$	36,059	$	23,331	$	12,728	54.6	%
Gain on sales of real estate investments	(5,715)		—		(5,715)		n/a
Depreciation and amortization	20,939		18,159		2,780		15.3	%
Interest expense, including amortization	5,240		7,375		(2,135)		(28.9)	%

Stock-based compensation	3,356		3,038		318		10.5	%
Acquisition costs and other	—		48		(48)		n/a
Adjusted EBITDA	$	59,879	$	51,951	$	7,928	15.3	%

We compute NOI as rental revenues, including tenant expense reimbursements, less property operating expenses. We compute same store NOI as rental revenues, including tenant expense reimbursements, less property operating expenses on a same store basis. NOI excludes depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expenses, acquisition costs and interest expense, including amortization. We compute cash-basis same store NOI as same store NOI excluding straight-line rents and amortization of lease intangibles. The same store pool includes all properties that were owned and in operation as of March 31, 2024 and since January 1, 2023 and excludes properties that were either disposed of prior to, held for sale to a third party or in development or redevelopment as of March 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, the same store pool consisted of 246 buildings aggregating approximately 14.7 million square feet representing approximately 93.0% of our total square feet owned and 44 improved land parcels containing approximately 145.3 acres representing approximately 95.3% of our total acreage owned. We believe that presenting NOI, same store NOI and cash-basis same store NOI provides useful information to investors regarding the operating performance of our properties because NOI excludes certain items that are not considered to be controllable in connection with the management of the properties, such as depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expenses, acquisition costs and interest expense. By presenting same store NOI and cash-basis same store NOI, the operating results on a same store basis are directly comparable from period to period.

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The following table reflects the calculation of NOI, same store NOI and cash-basis same store NOI reconciled from net income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023			$ Change		% Change
Net income 1	$	36,059		$	23,331		$	12,728	54.6	%
Depreciation and amortization	20,939			18,159			2,780		15.3	%
General and administrative	10,510			9,320			1,190		12.8	%
Acquisition costs and other	—			48			(48)		n/a
Total other income and expenses	(3,368)			5,412			(8,780)		n/a
Net operating income	64,140			56,270			7,870		14.0	%
Less non-same store NOI	(6,346)		2	(2,314)		2	(4,032)		174.2	%
Same store NOI	$	57,794		$	53,956		$	3,838	7.1	%
Less straight-line rents and amortization of lease intangibles 3	(2,950)			(5,451)			2,501		(45.9)	%
Cash-basis same store NOI	$	54,844		$	48,505		$	6,339	13.1	%
Less termination fee income	(100)			(20)			(80)		400.0	%
Cash-basis same store NOI excluding termination fees	$	54,744		$	48,485		$	6,259	12.9	%

1Includes approximately $0.1 million and $12,000 of lease termination income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

2Includes 2023 and 2024 acquisitions and dispositions, one improved land parcel, ten properties under development or redevelopment and approximately 45.5 acres of land for future development.

3Includes straight-line rents and amortization of lease intangibles for the same store pool only.

Cash-basis same store NOI increased by approximately $6.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period from the prior year primarily due to increased rental revenue on new and renewed leases and contractual rent increases on pre-existing leases. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, total contractual rent abatements of approximately $0.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively, were given to certain tenants in the same store pool and approximately $0.1 million and $19,000, respectively, in lease termination income was received from certain tenants in the same store pool. In addition, approximately $1.4 million of the increase in cash-basis same store NOI for the three months ended March 31, 2024 related to properties that were acquired vacant or with near term expirations in 2022. The increase in cash-basis same store NOI was partially offset by a decrease in occupancy for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period from the prior year.

We compute net debt as total debt, less deferred financing costs and cash and cash equivalents. We believe that presenting net debt provides useful information to investors regarding our ability to repay our outstanding consolidated indebtedness. See “Debt Sources of Liquidity” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a reconciliation of net debt from total debt.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Market risk includes risks that arise from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity prices and other market changes that affect market sensitive instruments. In pursuing our business strategies, the primary market risk which we are exposed to is interest rate risk. We are exposed to interest rate changes primarily as a result of debt used to maintain liquidity, fund capital expenditures and expand our investment portfolio and operations. We seek to limit the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows and to lower our overall borrowing costs. As described below, some of our outstanding debt bears interest at variable rates, and we expect that some of our future outstanding debt will have variable interest rates. We may use interest rate caps and/or swap agreements to manage our interest rate risks relating to our variable rate debt. We expect to replace variable rate debt on a regular basis with fixed rate, long-term debt to finance our assets and operations.

As of March 31, 2024, we had $200.0 million of borrowings outstanding under our Amended Facility, none of which were subject to interest rate caps. Amounts borrowed under our Amended Facility bear interest at a variable rate based on SOFR plus an applicable SOFR margin. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings outstanding under our Amended Facility was 6.6% as of March 31, 2024. If the SOFR rate were to fluctuate by 0.25%, interest expense would increase or

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decrease, depending on rate movement, future earnings and cash flows by approximately $0.5 million annually on the total of the outstanding balances on our Amended Facility as of March 31, 2024.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management has evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer, President and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), and has concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to give reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer, President and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

We are not involved in any material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against us.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Except to the extent updated below or to the extent additional factual information disclosed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relates to such risk factors (including, without limitation, the matters discussed in Part I, “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”), there have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

(a)Not Applicable.

(b)Not Applicable.

(c)

Period

(a) Total Number of Shares of Common Stock Purchased

(b) Average Price Paid per Common Share

(d) Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plan or Program

January 1, 2024 - January 31, 2024

—

n/a

February 1, 2024 - February 29, 2024

14,517

62.70

n/a

March 1, 2024 - March 31, 2024

—

n/a

Total

14,517

62.70

n/a

1 Represents shares of common stock surrendered by employees to the Company to satisfy such employees’ tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not Applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, none of the Company’s directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) adopted, terminated or modified a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as such terms are defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K).

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Item 6. Exhibits.


Exhibit Number						Exhibit Description








































































31.1*						Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification dated May 8, 2024.

31.2*						Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification dated May 8, 2024.

31.3*						Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification dated May 8, 2024.

32.1**						18 U.S.C. § 1350 Certification dated May 8, 2024.

32.2**						18 U.S.C. § 1350 Certification dated May 8, 2024.

32.3**						18 U.S.C. § 1350 Certification dated May 8, 2024.

101.SCH*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.LAB*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

101.DEF*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document

104*						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in Exhibits 101.*)

________________

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



	Terreno Realty Corporation

May 8, 2024	By:	/s/ W. Blake Baird
		W. Blake Baird
		Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

May 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Michael A. Coke
		Michael A. Coke
		President

May 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Jaime J. Cannon
		Jaime J. Cannon
		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

May 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Melinda Weston
		Melinda Weston
		Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)

Exhibit 31.1

Certification

I, W. Blake Baird, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Terreno Realty Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 8, 2024


			/s/ W. Blake Baird
			Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 31.2

Certification

I, Michael A. Coke, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Terreno Realty Corporation;

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 8, 2024


			/s/ Michael A. Coke
			President

Exhibit 31.3

Certification

I, Jaime J. Cannon, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Terreno Realty Corporation;

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 8, 2024


			/s/ Jaime J. Cannon
			Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial Officer)

Exhibit 32.1

Certification

The undersigned officer, who is the Chief Executive Officer of Terreno Realty Corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies to the best of his knowledge, that the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to which this certification is attached (the “Report”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 8, 2024


			/s/ W. Blake Baird
			Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 32.2

Certification

The undersigned officer, who is the President of Terreno Realty Corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies to the best of his knowledge, that the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to which this certification is attached (the “Report”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 8, 2024


			/s/ Michael A. Coke
			President

Exhibit 32.3

Certification

The undersigned officer, who is the Chief Financial Officer of Terreno Realty Corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies to the best of his knowledge, that the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to which this certification is attached (the “Report”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 8, 2024


			/s/ Jaime J. Cannon
			Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial Officer)

Cover - shares	3 Months Ended
Cover - shares	Mar. 31, 2024	May 06, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-34603
Entity Registrant Name	Terreno Realty Corporation
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MD
Entity Tax Identification Number	27-1262675
Entity Address, Street	10500 NE 8th Street
Entity Address, Suite	Suite 1910
Entity Address, City	Bellevue
Entity Address, State	WA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	98004
City Area Code	415
Local Phone Number	655-4580
Title of each class	Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share
Trading Symbol(s)	TRNO
Name of each exchange on which registered	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		96,704,102
Entity Central Index Key	0001476150
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Investments in real estate
Land	$ 1,986,161	$ 1,995,494
Buildings and improvements	1,569,386	1,561,532
Construction in progress	399,478	343,485
Intangible assets	146,934	147,329
Total investments in properties	4,101,959	4,047,840
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(403,197)	(384,480)
Net investments in properties	3,698,762	3,663,360
Cash and cash equivalents	649,575	165,400
Restricted cash	10,874	836
Other assets, net	79,588	75,081
Total assets	4,438,799	3,904,677
Liabilities
Credit facility	0	0
Term loans payable, net	199,204	199,145
Senior unsecured notes, net	572,566	572,418
Security deposits	33,742	32,934
Intangible liabilities, net	81,338	84,718
Dividends payable	43,517	39,052
Accounts payable and other liabilities	63,848	61,783
Total liabilities	994,215	990,050
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock: $0.01 par value, 400,000,000 shares authorized, and $96,195 and $87,487 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.	963	876
Additional paid-in capital	3,387,289	2,849,961
Common stock held in deferred compensation plan: $508,663 and 508,663 shares at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.	(31,788)	(31,788)
Retained earnings	88,120	95,578
Total stockholders’ equity	3,444,584	2,914,627
Total liabilities and equity	$ 4,438,799	$ 3,904,677

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	400,000,000	400,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	96,195,439	87,487,098
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	96,195,439	87,487,098
Common Shares Held in Deferred Compensation Plan
Common stock held in deferred compensation plan (in shares)	508,663	508,663

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
REVENUES
Rental revenues and tenant expense reimbursements	$ 85,030	$ 74,651
Total revenues	85,030	74,651
COSTS AND EXPENSES
Property operating expenses	20,890	18,381
Depreciation and amortization	20,939	18,159
General and administrative	10,510	9,320
Acquisition costs and other	0	48
Total costs and expenses	52,339	45,908
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
Interest and other income	2,893	1,963
Interest expense, including amortization	(5,240)	(7,375)
Gain on sales of real estate investments	5,715	0
Total other income (expense)	3,368	(5,412)
Net income	36,059	23,331
Allocation to participating securities	(154)	(105)
Net income available to common stockholders - basic	35,905	23,226
Net income available to common stockholders - diluted	$ 35,905	$ 23,226
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE - BASIC AND DILUTED:
Net income available to common stockholders - basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.40	$ 0.29
Net income available to common stockholders - diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.40	$ 0.29
BASIC WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING (in shares)	88,873,871	79,895,886
DILUTED WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING (in shares)	89,436,149	80,344,742

Consolidated Statements of Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid- in Capital	Common Shares Held in Deferred Compensation Plan	Deferred Compensation Plan	Retained Earnings
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 2,229,851	$ 765	$ 2,167,276		$ (26,462)	$ 88,272
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		76,463,482
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022				417,665
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	$ 23,331					23,331
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs (in shares)	350,000	6,197,825
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs	$ 377,488	$ 62	377,426
Forfeiture of common stock related to employee awards (in shares)		(6,434)
Common shares acquired related to employee awards (in shares)		(9,745)
Common shares acquired related to employee awards	(627)		(627)
Issuance of restricted stock (in shares)		59,504
Stock-based compensation	3,038		3,038
Common stock dividends	(33,209)					(33,209)
Deposits to deferred compensation plan (in shares)		(94,794)		94,794
Deposits to deferred compensation plan			5,547		(5,547)
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	2,599,872	$ 827	2,552,660		(32,009)	78,394
Ending Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		82,609,838
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023				512,459
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 2,914,627	$ 876	2,849,961		(31,788)	95,578
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	87,487,098	87,487,098
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023				508,663
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	$ 36,059					36,059
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs (in shares)		8,678,278
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs	535,042	$ 87	534,955
Forfeiture of common stock related to employee awards (in shares)		(9,324)
Common shares acquired related to employee awards (in shares)		(14,517)
Common shares acquired related to employee awards	(983)		(983)
Issuance of restricted stock (in shares)		53,904
Stock-based compensation	3,356		3,356
Common stock dividends	(43,517)					(43,517)
Deposits to deferred compensation plan (in shares)				0
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 3,444,584	$ 963	$ 3,387,289		$ (31,788)	$ 88,120
Ending Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	96,195,439	96,195,439
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024				508,663

Consolidated Statements of Equity (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Issuance costs	$ 3,226	$ 943
Dividends per share, common stock (in dollars per share)	$ 0.45	$ 0.40

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$ 36,059	$ 23,331
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Straight-line rents	(1,451)	(2,173)
Amortization of lease intangibles	(3,350)	(3,541)
Depreciation and amortization	20,939	18,159
Gain on sales of real estate investments	(5,715)	0
Deferred financing cost amortization	387	383
Stock-based compensation	3,356	3,038
Changes in assets and liabilities
Other assets	(3,763)	(3,998)
Accounts payable and other liabilities	577	3,602
Net cash provided by operating activities	47,039	38,801
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Cash paid for property acquisitions	(18,657)	(364,600)
Proceeds from sales of real estate investments, net	10,172	0
Additions to construction in progress	(32,216)	(8,904)
Additions to buildings, improvements and leasing costs	(7,882)	(13,862)
Net cash used in investing activities	(48,583)	(387,366)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Issuance of common stock	538,269	366,499
Issuance costs on issuance of common stock	(2,477)	(978)
Repurchase of common stock related to employee awards	(983)	(627)
Borrowings on credit facility	0	29,000
Payments on credit facility	0	(29,000)
Dividends paid to common stockholders	(39,052)	(30,753)
Net cash provided by financing activities	495,757	334,141
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	494,213	(14,424)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	166,236	28,083
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	660,449	13,659
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest	9,750	8,381
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash transactions
Accounts payable related to capital improvements	29,062	17,219
Non-cash issuance of common stock to the deferred compensation plan	0	(5,547)
Lease liability arising from recognition of right-of-use asset	1,228	0
Reconciliation of cash paid for property acquisitions
Acquisition of properties	18,628	406,730
Assumption of other assets and liabilities	29	(42,130)
Net cash paid for property acquisitions	$ 18,657	$ 364,600

Organization	3 Months Ended
Organization	Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Organization	Organization Terreno Realty Corporation (“Terreno”, and together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) acquires, owns and operates industrial real estate in six major coastal U.S. markets: Los Angeles, Northern New Jersey/New York City, San Francisco Bay Area, Seattle, Miami, and Washington, D.C. All square feet, acres, occupancy and number of properties disclosed in these condensed notes to the consolidated financial statements are unaudited. As of March 31, 2024, the Company owned 258 buildings aggregating approximately 15.8 million square feet, 45 improved land parcels consisting of approximately 152.4 acres, ten properties under development or redevelopment and approximately 45.5 acres of land for future development. The Company is an internally managed Maryland corporation and elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2010.

Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Significant Accounting Policies


	March 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net
In-place leases	$	143,049	$	(97,152)	$	45,897	$	143,444	$	(93,476)	$	49,968
Above-market leases	3,885		(3,493)		392		3,885		(3,463)		422
Below-market leases	(136,946)		55,608		(81,338)		(137,047)		52,329		(84,718)
Total	$	9,988	$	(45,037)	$	(35,049)	$	10,282	$	(44,610)	$	(34,328)

depreciable lives typically used to compute depreciation and amortization. However, such depreciable lives may be different based on the estimated useful life of such assets or liabilities.


Description						Standard Depreciable Life
Land						Not depreciated
Building						40 years
Building Improvements						5-40 years
Tenant Improvements						Shorter of lease term or useful life
Leasing Costs						Lease term
In-place Leases						Lease term
Above/Below-Market Leases						Lease term

The following summarizes the reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows (dollars in thousands):


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Beginning
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	$	165,400	$	26,393
Restricted cash	836		1,690
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	166,236		28,083
Ending
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	649,575		11,054
Restricted cash	10,874		2,605
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	660,449		13,659
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	494,213	$	(14,424)

Concentration of Credit Risk	3 Months Ended
Concentration of Credit Risk	Mar. 31, 2024
Risks and Uncertainties [Abstract]
Concentration of Credit Risk	Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The Company may maintain deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. However, the Company’s management believes the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held. As of March 31, 2024, the Company owned 44 buildings aggregating approximately 2.6 million square feet and 13 improved land parcels consisting of approximately 68.0 acres located in Northern New Jersey/New York City, which accounted for a combined percentage of approximately 24.9% of its annualized base rent. Such annualized base rent is based on contractual monthly base rent per the leases, for all buildings and improved land parcels, excluding any partial or full rent abatements as of March 31, 2024, multiplied by 12. Other real estate companies compete with the Company in its real estate markets. This results in competition for tenants to occupy space. The existence of competing properties could have a material impact on the Company’s ability to lease space and on the level of rent that can be achieved. The Company had no tenant that accounted for greater than 10% of the Company's annualized base rent as of March 31, 2024.

Investments in Real Estate

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Real Estate [Abstract]

Investments in Real Estate

The Company did not record any revenues or net income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 related to the 2024 acquisitions.

The Company recorded revenues and net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2023 of approximately $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively, related to the 2023 acquisitions.

information with respect to the properties under development or redevelopment and the land for future development as of March 31, 2024:


Property Name	Location	Total Expected Investment (in thousands) 1		Estimated Post-Development Square Feet	Estimated Post-Development Acreage


Properties under development or redevelopment:
Countyline Phase IV
Countyline Building 32 2	Hialeah, FL	$	40,132	164,307	—
Countyline Building 33 2	Hialeah, FL	38,977		158,042	—
Countyline Building 38 2, 4	Hialeah, FL	88,500		506,215	—
Countyline Building 39 2	Hialeah, FL	43,802		178,201	—
Countyline Building 40 2	Hialeah, FL	41,968		186,107	—
Maple III	Rancho Dominguez, CA	28,109		—	2.8
147th Street	Hawthorne, CA	18,095		31,378	—
East Garry Avenue	Santa Ana, CA	40,553		91,500	—
Paterson Plank III	Carlstadt, NJ	35,042		47,316	—
139th Street 3	Gardena, CA	104,594		227,755	—
Total		$	479,772	1,590,821	2.8

Land for future development:
Countyline Phase IV
Countyline Phase IV Land 2, 5	Hialeah, FL	$	216,900	814,772	—
Total		$	216,900	814,772	—

4This development was completed on April 23, 2024.

Held for Sale/Disposed Assets	3 Months Ended
Held for Sale/Disposed Assets	Mar. 31, 2024
Held For Sale/Disposed Assets [Abstract]
Held for Sale/Disposed Assets	Held for Sale/Disposed Assets The Company considers a property to be held for sale when it meets the criteria established under ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment. Properties held for sale are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell and are not depreciated while they are held for sale. As of March 31, 2024, the Company did not have any properties held for sale. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company sold one property located in the Seattle market for a sales price of approximately $11.0 million, resulting in a gain of approximately $5.7 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were no properties sold.

Debt

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023		Margin Above SOFR	Interest Rate 1		Contractual Maturity Date

Unsecured Debt:

Credit Facility	$	—	$	—	1.1% 2	n/a		8/20/2025
5-Year Term Loan	100,000		100,000		1.3% 2	6.6	%	1/15/2027
5-Year Term Loan	100,000		100,000		1.3% 2	6.6	%	1/15/2028

$100M 7-Year Unsecured 3	100,000		100,000		n/a	3.8	%	7/14/2024
$50M 10-Year Unsecured 3	50,000		50,000		n/a	4.0	%	7/7/2026
$50M 12-Year Unsecured 3	50,000		50,000		n/a	4.7	%	10/31/2027
$100M 7-Year Unsecured 3	100,000		100,000		n/a	2.4	%	7/15/2028
$100M 10-Year Unsecured 3	100,000		100,000		n/a	3.1	%	12/3/2029
$125M 9-Year Unsecured 3	125,000		125,000		n/a	2.4	%	8/17/2030
$50M 10-Year Unsecured 3	50,000		50,000		n/a	2.8	%	7/15/2031





Total Unsecured Debt	775,000		775,000
Less: Unamortized debt issuance costs	(3,230)		(3,437)
Total	$	771,770	$	771,563

1Reflects the contractual interest rate under the terms of each loan as of March 31, 2024. Excludes the effects of unamortized debt issuance costs.

3Collectively, the “Senior Unsecured Notes”.

in an amount ranging from 0.15% to 0.30%, depending on the ratio of the Company’s outstanding consolidated indebtedness to the value of the Company’s consolidated gross asset value.

The scheduled principal payments of the Company’s debt as of March 31, 2024 were as follows (dollars in thousands):


	Credit Facility		Term Loan			Senior Unsecured Notes			Total Debt
2024 (9 months)	$	—	$	—		$	100,000		$	100,000
2025	—		—			—			—
2026	—		—			50,000			50,000
2027	—		100,000			50,000			150,000
2028	—		100,000			100,000			200,000
Thereafter	—		—			275,000			275,000
Total debt	—		200,000			575,000			775,000
Deferred financing costs, net	—		(796)			(2,434)			(3,230)
Total debt, net	$	—	$	199,204		$	572,566		$	771,770
Weighted average interest rate	n/a		6.6		%	3.1		%	4.0		%

Leasing

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leasing


2024 (9 months)	$	191,714
2025	248,407
2026	215,793
2027	166,429
2028	123,768
Thereafter	299,079
Total	$	1,245,190

Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Financial Instruments Disclosed at Fair Value

The following table sets forth the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the Company’s debt as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	Fair Value Measurement Using
	Total Fair Value		Quoted Price in Active Markets for Identical Assets and Liabilities (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Carrying Value




Liabilities
Debt at:
March 31, 2024	$	714,028	$	—	$	714,028	$	—	$	771,770
December 31, 2023	$	721,269	$	—	$	721,269	$	—	$	771,563

Stockholders' Equity

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders’ Equity

Restricted Stock Activity:


	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
















Non-vested shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023	419,057	$	60.99
Granted	53,904	60.93
Forfeited	(9,324)	68.01
Vested	(41,074)	64.35
Non-vested shares outstanding as of March 31, 2024	422,563	$	60.50

The following is a vesting schedule of the total non-vested shares of restricted stock outstanding as of March 31, 2024:


Non-vested Shares Vesting Schedule						Number of Shares
2024 (9 months)						71,990
2025						98,912
2026						77,006
2027						101,585
2028						73,070
Thereafter						—
Total Non-vested Shares						422,563

Long-Term Incentive Plan:


Performance Share Period	Fair Value on Date of Grant 1		Expense for the Three Months Ended March 31,
				2024		2023


January 1, 2021 - December 31, 2023	$	4,820		$	—	$	402
January 1, 2022 - December 31, 2024	5,789			482		482
January 1, 2023 - December 31, 2025	9,040			639		753
January 1, 2024 - December 31, 2026	9,247			790		—
Total	$	28,896		$	1,911	$	1,637

1 Reflects the fair value on date of grant for all performance shares outstanding at March 31, 2024.

Dividends:

The following table sets forth the cash dividends paid or payable per share during the three months ended March 31, 2024:

For the Three Months Ended

Security

Dividend per Share

Declaration Date

Record Date

Date Paid

March 31, 2024

Common Stock

0.45

February 6, 2024

March 28, 2024

April 5, 2024

Net Income (Loss) Per Share	3 Months Ended
Net Income (Loss) Per Share	Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net Income (Loss) Per Share	Net Income (Loss) Per Share Pursuant to ASC 260-10-45, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities, unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends are participating securities and are included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. The two-class method of computing earnings per share allocates earnings per share for common stock and any participating securities according to dividends declared (whether paid or unpaid) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Under the two-class method, earnings per common share are computed by dividing the sum of distributed earnings to common stockholders and undistributed earnings allocated to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The Company’s non-vested shares of restricted stock are considered participating securities since these share-based awards contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends irrespective of whether the awards ultimately vest or expire. The Company had no antidilutive securities or dilutive restricted stock awards outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. In accordance with the Company’s policies of determining whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities and accounting for earnings per share, the net income (loss) per common share is adjusted for earnings distributed through declared dividends (if any) and allocated to all participating securities (weighted average common shares outstanding and unvested restricted shares outstanding) under the two-class method. Under this method, allocations were made to 429,583 and 373,985 of weighted average unvested restricted shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Performance Share awards which may be payable in shares of the Company’s common stock after the conclusion of each pre-established performance measurement period are included as contingently issuable shares in the calculation of diluted weighted average common shares of stock outstanding assuming the reporting period is the end of the measurement period, and the effect is dilutive. Diluted shares related to the Performance Share awards were 562,278 and 448,856 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Subsequent Events	3 Months Ended
Subsequent Events	Mar. 31, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent Events On April 12, 2024, the Company commenced development of Countyline Building 31 in Hialeah, Florida. Upon completion, which is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of 2024, Countyline Building 31 will consist of one approximately 162,000 square foot industrial building with a total expected investment of approximately $42.1 million. The building is 100% pre-leased. The lease will commence upon completion of the building and will expire in May 2032. On April 15, 2024, the Company acquired one industrial property in Alexandria, Virginia for a total purchase price of approximately $84.3 million. The property was acquired from an unrelated third party using existing cash on hand. On April 23, 2024, the Company completed the development of Countyline Building 38 in Hialeah, Florida. Countyline Building 38 consists of one approximately 506,000 square foot industrial building with a total investment of approximately $88.5 million. The building is 100% leased through November 2034. On May 2, 2024, the Company acquired a portfolio of industrial properties located in New York City, Northern New Jersey, San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles for a total purchase price of approximately $364.5 million. The portfolio is comprised of 28 buildings totaling approximately 1.2 million square feet. On May 7, 2024, the Company’s board of directors declared a cash dividend in the amount of $0.45 per share of its common stock payable on July 12, 2024 to the stockholders of record as of the close of business on June 28, 2024.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income	$ 36,059	$ 23,331

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Mar. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Use of Estimates

Capitalization of Costs

Investments in Real Estate

Impairment

Property Acquisitions

Depreciation and Useful Lives of Real Estate and Intangible Assets

depreciable lives typically used to compute depreciation and amortization. However, such depreciable lives may be different based on the estimated useful life of such assets or liabilities.


Description						Standard Depreciable Life
Land						Not depreciated
Building						40 years
Building Improvements						5-40 years
Tenant Improvements						Shorter of lease term or useful life
Leasing Costs						Lease term
In-place Leases						Lease term
Above/Below-Market Leases						Lease term

Held for Sale Assets

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Restricted Cash

Revenue Recognition

Deferred Financing Costs

Income Taxes

Stock-Based Compensation and Other Long-Term Incentive Compensation

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Segment Disclosure

Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of Intangible Assets and Liabilities

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s intangible assets and liabilities, including properties held for sale (if any), consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):


	March 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net
In-place leases	$	143,049	$	(97,152)	$	45,897	$	143,444	$	(93,476)	$	49,968
Above-market leases	3,885		(3,493)		392		3,885		(3,463)		422
Below-market leases	(136,946)		55,608		(81,338)		(137,047)		52,329		(84,718)
Total	$	9,988	$	(45,037)	$	(35,049)	$	10,282	$	(44,610)	$	(34,328)

Schedule of Depreciation and Useful Lives of Real Estate and Intangible Assets

The following table reflects the standard

depreciable lives typically used to compute depreciation and amortization. However, such depreciable lives may be different based on the estimated useful life of such assets or liabilities.


Description						Standard Depreciable Life
Land						Not depreciated
Building						40 years
Building Improvements						5-40 years
Tenant Improvements						Shorter of lease term or useful life
Leasing Costs						Lease term
In-place Leases						Lease term
Above/Below-Market Leases						Lease term

Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The following summarizes the reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows (dollars in thousands):


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Beginning
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	$	165,400	$	26,393
Restricted cash	836		1,690
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	166,236		28,083
Ending
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	649,575		11,054
Restricted cash	10,874		2,605
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	660,449		13,659
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	494,213	$	(14,424)

Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The following summarizes the reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows (dollars in thousands):


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Beginning
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	$	165,400	$	26,393
Restricted cash	836		1,690
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	166,236		28,083
Ending
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	649,575		11,054
Restricted cash	10,874		2,605
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	660,449		13,659
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	494,213	$	(14,424)

Investments in Real Estate (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Real Estate [Abstract]

Schedule of Properties Under and Completed Redevelopment

The following table summarizes certain

information with respect to the properties under development or redevelopment and the land for future development as of March 31, 2024:


Property Name	Location	Total Expected Investment (in thousands) 1		Estimated Post-Development Square Feet	Estimated Post-Development Acreage


Properties under development or redevelopment:
Countyline Phase IV
Countyline Building 32 2	Hialeah, FL	$	40,132	164,307	—
Countyline Building 33 2	Hialeah, FL	38,977		158,042	—
Countyline Building 38 2, 4	Hialeah, FL	88,500		506,215	—
Countyline Building 39 2	Hialeah, FL	43,802		178,201	—
Countyline Building 40 2	Hialeah, FL	41,968		186,107	—
Maple III	Rancho Dominguez, CA	28,109		—	2.8
147th Street	Hawthorne, CA	18,095		31,378	—
East Garry Avenue	Santa Ana, CA	40,553		91,500	—
Paterson Plank III	Carlstadt, NJ	35,042		47,316	—
139th Street 3	Gardena, CA	104,594		227,755	—
Total		$	479,772	1,590,821	2.8

Land for future development:
Countyline Phase IV
Countyline Phase IV Land 2, 5	Hialeah, FL	$	216,900	814,772	—
Total		$	216,900	814,772	—

4This development was completed on April 23, 2024.

Debt (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Debt Outstanding

The following table summarizes the components of the Company’s indebtedness as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023		Margin Above SOFR	Interest Rate 1		Contractual Maturity Date

Unsecured Debt:

Credit Facility	$	—	$	—	1.1% 2	n/a		8/20/2025
5-Year Term Loan	100,000		100,000		1.3% 2	6.6	%	1/15/2027
5-Year Term Loan	100,000		100,000		1.3% 2	6.6	%	1/15/2028

$100M 7-Year Unsecured 3	100,000		100,000		n/a	3.8	%	7/14/2024
$50M 10-Year Unsecured 3	50,000		50,000		n/a	4.0	%	7/7/2026
$50M 12-Year Unsecured 3	50,000		50,000		n/a	4.7	%	10/31/2027
$100M 7-Year Unsecured 3	100,000		100,000		n/a	2.4	%	7/15/2028
$100M 10-Year Unsecured 3	100,000		100,000		n/a	3.1	%	12/3/2029
$125M 9-Year Unsecured 3	125,000		125,000		n/a	2.4	%	8/17/2030
$50M 10-Year Unsecured 3	50,000		50,000		n/a	2.8	%	7/15/2031





Total Unsecured Debt	775,000		775,000
Less: Unamortized debt issuance costs	(3,230)		(3,437)
Total	$	771,770	$	771,563

1Reflects the contractual interest rate under the terms of each loan as of March 31, 2024. Excludes the effects of unamortized debt issuance costs.

3Collectively, the “Senior Unsecured Notes”.

Schedule of Principal Payments

The scheduled principal payments of the Company’s debt as of March 31, 2024 were as follows (dollars in thousands):


	Credit Facility		Term Loan			Senior Unsecured Notes			Total Debt
2024 (9 months)	$	—	$	—		$	100,000		$	100,000
2025	—		—			—			—
2026	—		—			50,000			50,000
2027	—		100,000			50,000			150,000
2028	—		100,000			100,000			200,000
Thereafter	—		—			275,000			275,000
Total debt	—		200,000			575,000			775,000
Deferred financing costs, net	—		(796)			(2,434)			(3,230)
Total debt, net	$	—	$	199,204		$	572,566		$	771,770
Weighted average interest rate	n/a		6.6		%	3.1		%	4.0		%

Leasing (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Minimum Future Cash Rentals on Tenant Operating Leases


2024 (9 months)	$	191,714
2025	248,407
2026	215,793
2027	166,429
2028	123,768
Thereafter	299,079
Total	$	1,245,190

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Carrying Value and Fair Value of Senior Secured Loan and Debt

The following table sets forth the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the Company’s debt as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	Fair Value Measurement Using
	Total Fair Value		Quoted Price in Active Markets for Identical Assets and Liabilities (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Carrying Value




Liabilities
Debt at:
March 31, 2024	$	714,028	$	—	$	714,028	$	—	$	771,770
December 31, 2023	$	721,269	$	—	$	721,269	$	—	$	771,563

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Total Restricted Shares Granted

Restricted Stock Activity:


	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
















Non-vested shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023	419,057	$	60.99
Granted	53,904	60.93
Forfeited	(9,324)	68.01
Vested	(41,074)	64.35
Non-vested shares outstanding as of March 31, 2024	422,563	$	60.50

Vesting Schedule of The Total Non-vested Shares of Restricted Stock Outstanding

The following is a vesting schedule of the total non-vested shares of restricted stock outstanding as of March 31, 2024:


Non-vested Shares Vesting Schedule						Number of Shares
2024 (9 months)						71,990
2025						98,912
2026						77,006
2027						101,585
2028						73,070
Thereafter						—
Total Non-vested Shares						422,563

Schedule of Certain Information With Respect to the Performance Share Awards


Performance Share Period	Fair Value on Date of Grant 1		Expense for the Three Months Ended March 31,
				2024		2023


January 1, 2021 - December 31, 2023	$	4,820		$	—	$	402
January 1, 2022 - December 31, 2024	5,789			482		482
January 1, 2023 - December 31, 2025	9,040			639		753
January 1, 2024 - December 31, 2026	9,247			790		—
Total	$	28,896		$	1,911	$	1,637

1 Reflects the fair value on date of grant for all performance shares outstanding at March 31, 2024.

Schedule of Cash Dividends Paid or Payable Per Share

The following table sets forth the cash dividends paid or payable per share during the three months ended March 31, 2024:

For the Three Months Ended

Security

Dividend per Share

Declaration Date

Record Date

Date Paid

March 31, 2024

Common Stock

0.45

February 6, 2024

March 28, 2024

April 5, 2024

Organization (Details) ft² in Millions	3 Months Ended
Organization (Details) ft² in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024 a ft² property segment
Real Estate
Number of markets \| segment	6
Building
Real Estate
Number of properties (property) \| property	258
Improved Land Parcels
Real Estate
Number of properties (property) \| property	45
Area of real estate property \| ft²	15.8
Area of land (acre) \| a	152.4
Redevelopment Property
Real Estate
Number of properties (property) \| property	10
Area of land (acre) \| a	2.8
Land Entitled For Future Development
Real Estate
Area of land (acre) \| a	45.5

Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) segment	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Property impairment charges	$ 0	$ 0
Amortization of above and below-market leases	$ 3,400,000	$ 3,500,000
Remaining weighted average lease term related to these intangible assets and liabilities (years)	6 years 3 months 18 days
Straight-line rent and accounts receivables, net of allowances	$ 56,600,000		$ 56,100,000
Straight-line rent and accounts receivable, allowances	1,500,000		1,200,000
Deferred financing cost accumulated amortization	$ 13,900,000		$ 13,500,000
Performance measurement period (years)	3 years
Number of reportable segments \| segment	1

Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Intangible Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Finite-lived intangible assets, gross	$ 146,934	$ 147,329
Below-market leases, gross	(136,946)	(137,047)
Finite-lived intangible assets (liabilities), gross	9,988	10,282
Below-market lease, accumulated amortization	55,608	52,329
Finite-lived intangible assets (liabilities), accumulated amortization	(45,037)	(44,610)
Below-market leases, net	(81,338)	(84,718)
Total	(35,049)	(34,328)
In-place leases
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Finite-lived intangible assets, gross	143,049	143,444
Finite-lived intangible assets, accumulated amortization	(97,152)	(93,476)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	45,897	49,968
Above-market leases
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Finite-lived intangible assets, gross	3,885	3,885
Finite-lived intangible assets, accumulated amortization	(3,493)	(3,463)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	$ 392	$ 422

Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Depreciation and Useful Lives of Real Estate and Intangible Assets (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024
Building
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Standard depreciable life	40 years
Building Improvements \| Minimum
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Standard depreciable life	5 years
Building Improvements \| Maximum
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Standard depreciable life	40 years

Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of the Reconciliation of Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 649,575	$ 11,054	$ 165,400	$ 26,393
Restricted cash	10,874	2,605	836	1,690
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	660,449	13,659	$ 166,236	$ 28,083
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$ 494,213	$ (14,424)

Concentration of Credit Risk (Details) - Northern New Jersey/ New York City ft² in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 ft² a property
Revenue Benchmark \| Customer Concentration Risk
Real Estate Properties
Concentration risk (percentage)	24.90%
Office Building
Real Estate Properties
Number of properties (property)	44
Area of real estate property \| ft²	2.6
Improved Land Parcels
Real Estate Properties
Number of properties (property)	13
Area of real estate property \| a	68.0

Investments in Real Estate - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) property	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 ft²	Mar. 31, 2024 a
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Rental revenues and tenant expense reimbursements	$ 85,030	$ 74,651
Net income	36,059	23,331
Capitalized interest associated with redevelopment activities	$ 3,100	700
Building
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Number of properties (property) \| property	258
Building \| Scenario, Plan
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Number of properties acquired (property) \| property	4
Area of real estate property acquired (square feet) \| ft²			800,000
Redevelopment Property
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Number of properties (property) \| property	10
Area of land (acre) \| a				2.8
Redevelopment Property \| Scenario, Plan
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Area of land (acre) \| ft²			1,590,821
Land Entitled For Future Development
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Area of land (acre) \| a				45.5
Land \| Scenario, Plan
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Area of land (acre) \| ft²			814,772
Maple III \| Redevelopment Property \| Scenario, Plan
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Area of land (acre)			0	2.8
Building \| Redevelopment Property
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Number of properties (property) \| property	11
Improved Land Parcels \| Redevelopment Property
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Number of properties (property) \| property	1
Asset Acquisitions 2024 \| Industrial Building
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Number of properties acquired (property) \| property	2
Asset acquisitions, assets acquired and liabilities assumed, net	$ 18,700
Area of real estate property (square feet) \| a				1,600,000
Asset Acquisitions 2024 \| Land \| Industrial Building
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Asset acquisition, property additions	$ 15,100
Asset Acquisitions 2024 \| Building \| Industrial Building
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Asset acquisition, property additions		3,600
Asset Acquisitions 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Rental revenues and tenant expense reimbursements		300
Net income		200
Asset Acquisitions 2023 \| Industrial Building
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Asset acquisitions, assets acquired and liabilities assumed, net		406,700
Finite-lived intangible assets acquired		17,800
Asset acquisition, liabilities		42,700
Asset Acquisitions 2023 \| Land \| Industrial Building
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Asset acquisition, property additions		245,900
Asset Acquisitions 2023 \| Building \| Industrial Building
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Asset acquisition, property additions		$ 143,000

Investments in Real Estate - Schedule of Under and Redevelopment Properties (Details) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended
	Apr. 12, 2024 USD ($) ft²	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) property	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 ft²	Mar. 31, 2024 a
Real Estate Properties
Net cash paid for property acquisitions		$ 18,657	$ 364,600
Redevelopment Property
Real Estate Properties
Area of land (acre) \| a					2.8
Number of properties (property) \| property		10
Redevelopment Property \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		$ 479,772
Area of land (acre) \| ft²				1,590,821
Redevelopment Property \| Countyline Building 32 \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		40,132
Area of land (acre) \| ft²				164,307
Redevelopment Property \| Countyline Building 33 \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		38,977
Area of land (acre) \| ft²				158,042
Redevelopment Property \| Countyline Building 39 \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		43,802
Area of land (acre) \| ft²				178,201
Redevelopment Property \| Countyline Building 40 \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		41,968
Area of land (acre) \| ft²				186,107
Redevelopment Property \| Maple III \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		28,109
Area of land (acre)				0	2.8
Redevelopment Property \| 147th Street \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		18,095
Area of land (acre) \| ft²				31,378
Redevelopment Property \| East Garry Avenue \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		40,553
Area of land (acre) \| ft²				91,500
Redevelopment Property \| Paterson Plank III \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		35,042
Area of land (acre) \| ft²				47,316
Redevelopment Property \| 139th Street 3 \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		104,594
Area of land (acre) \| ft²				227,755
Land \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		216,900
Area of land (acre) \| ft²				814,772
Land \| Countyline Building 38 \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		88,500
Area of land (acre) \| ft²				506,215
Land \| Countyline Phase IV \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred		$ 216,900
Area of land (acre) \| ft²				814,772
Industrial Building \| Countyline Phase IV \| Scenario, Plan \| Subsequent Event
Real Estate Properties
Area of real estate property (square feet) \| ft²	162,000
Net cash paid for property acquisitions	$ 42,100
Industrial Building \| Industrial Distribution in Miami's Countyline
Real Estate Properties
Area of land (acre) \| a					121
Area of real estate property (square feet) \| ft²				2,200,000
Industrial Building \| Redevelopment Adjacent To Florida Turnpike And Southern I 75
Real Estate Properties
Number of properties (property) \| property		7
Industrial Building \| Redevelopment Adjacent To Florida Turnpike And Southern I 75 \| Scenario, Plan
Real Estate Properties
Number of properties acquired (property) \| property		10
Acquisition costs		$ 39,900
Total incremental investment		$ 64,000

Held for Sale/Disposed Assets (Details) - Disposed of by Sale - New York and New Jersey $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) property
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations
Number of properties (property) \| property	1
Proceeds from sale of real estate	$ 11.0
Gain on sale of real estate	$ 5.7

Debt - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
Debt - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument
Total unsecured debt	$ 775,000,000	$ 775,000,000
Credit facility	0	0
Credit Facility
Debt Instrument
Credit facility, maximum	1,100,000,000
Additional borrowing capacity	$ 500,000,000
Line of Credit \| SOFR
Debt Instrument
Debt instrument, basis spread on variable adjustment rate	0.10%
Line of Credit \| Minimum \| SOFR
Debt Instrument
Basis spread on variable rate (percent)	1.10%
Line of Credit \| Maximum \| SOFR
Debt Instrument
Basis spread on variable rate (percent)	1.55%
Amended Facility Maturing August 2025 \| Credit Facility
Debt Instrument
Credit facility, maximum	$ 400,000,000
Credit facility	$ 0
Unencumbered properties (percent)	60.00%
Amended Facility Maturing August 2025 \| Credit Facility \| Federal Funds Rate
Debt Instrument
Variable rate threshold (percent)	0.50%
Amended Facility Maturing August 2025 \| Credit Facility \| SOFR
Debt Instrument
Variable rate threshold (percent)	1.25%
Amended Facility Maturing August 2025 \| Credit Facility \| Minimum
Debt Instrument
Credit facility, facility fee (percent)	0.15%
Amended Facility Maturing August 2025 \| Credit Facility \| Maximum
Debt Instrument
Credit facility, facility fee (percent)	0.30%
Unsecured Debt \| 5-Year Term Loan
Debt Instrument
Total unsecured debt	$ 100,000,000	$ 100,000,000
Unsecured Debt \| 5-Year Term Loan \| SOFR
Debt Instrument
Basis spread on variable rate (percent)	1.25%
Unsecured Debt \| 5-Year Term Loan \| Minimum \| SOFR
Debt Instrument
Basis spread on variable rate (percent)	1.25%
Unsecured Debt \| 5-Year Term Loan \| Maximum \| SOFR
Debt Instrument
Basis spread on variable rate (percent)	1.75%
Term Loan
Debt Instrument
Total unsecured debt	$ 200,000,000

Debt - Schedule of Debt (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
Debt - Schedule of Debt (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument
Total Unsecured Debt	$ 775,000,000	$ 775,000,000
Less: Unamortized debt issuance costs	(3,230,000)	(3,437,000)
Total debt, net	$ 771,770,000	771,563,000
SOFR \| Line of Credit
Debt Instrument
Debt instrument, basis spread on variable adjustment rate	0.10%
SOFR \| Minimum \| Line of Credit
Debt Instrument
Basis spread on variable rate	1.10%
SOFR \| Maximum \| Line of Credit
Debt Instrument
Basis spread on variable rate	1.55%
Line of Credit
Debt Instrument
Total Unsecured Debt	$ 0	0
Line of Credit \| SOFR
Debt Instrument
Basis spread on variable rate	1.10%
Unsecured Debt \| 5-Year Term Loan
Debt Instrument
Debt term (years)	5 years
Total Unsecured Debt	$ 100,000,000	100,000,000
Interest rate	6.60%
Unsecured Debt \| 5-Year Term Loan \| SOFR
Debt Instrument
Basis spread on variable rate	1.25%
Unsecured Debt \| 5-Year Term Loan \| SOFR \| Minimum
Debt Instrument
Basis spread on variable rate	1.25%
Unsecured Debt \| 5-Year Term Loan \| SOFR \| Maximum
Debt Instrument
Basis spread on variable rate	1.75%
Unsecured Debt \| 5-Year Term Loan
Debt Instrument
Debt term (years)	5 years
Total Unsecured Debt	$ 100,000,000	100,000,000
Interest rate	6.60%
Unsecured Debt \| 5-Year Term Loan \| SOFR
Debt Instrument
Basis spread on variable rate	1.30%
Unsecured Debt \| $100M 7-Year Unsecured
Debt Instrument
Debt instrument, face amount	$ 100,000,000
Debt term (years)	7 years
Total Unsecured Debt	$ 100,000,000	100,000,000
Interest rate	3.80%
Unsecured Debt \| $50M 10-Year Unsecured
Debt Instrument
Debt instrument, face amount	$ 50,000,000
Debt term (years)	10 years
Total Unsecured Debt	$ 50,000,000	50,000,000
Interest rate	4.00%
Unsecured Debt \| $50M 12-Year Unsecured
Debt Instrument
Debt instrument, face amount	$ 50,000,000
Debt term (years)	12 years
Total Unsecured Debt	$ 50,000,000	50,000,000
Interest rate	4.70%
Unsecured Debt \| $100M 7-Year Unsecured
Debt Instrument
Debt instrument, face amount	$ 100,000,000
Debt term (years)	7 years
Total Unsecured Debt	$ 100,000,000	100,000,000
Interest rate	2.40%
Unsecured Debt \| $100M 10-Year Unsecured
Debt Instrument
Debt instrument, face amount	$ 100,000,000
Debt term (years)	10 years
Total Unsecured Debt	$ 100,000,000	100,000,000
Interest rate	3.10%
Unsecured Debt \| $125M 10-Year Unsecured
Debt Instrument
Debt instrument, face amount	$ 125,000,000
Debt term (years)	9 years
Total Unsecured Debt	$ 125,000,000	125,000,000
Interest rate	2.40%
Unsecured Debt \| $50M 9-Year Unsecured
Debt Instrument
Debt instrument, face amount	$ 50,000,000
Debt term (years)	10 years
Total Unsecured Debt	$ 50,000,000	$ 50,000,000
Interest rate	2.80%

Debt - Schedule of Principal Payments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Maturities of Long-term Debt
2024 (9 months)	$ 100,000
2025	0
2026	50,000
2027	150,000
2028	200,000
Thereafter	275,000
Total debt	775,000
Deferred financing costs, net	(3,230)
Total debt, net	$ 771,770	$ 771,563
Weighted average interest rate	4.00%
Credit Facility
Maturities of Long-term Debt
2024 (9 months)	$ 0
2025	0
2026	0
2027	0
2028	0
Thereafter	0
Total debt	0
Deferred financing costs, net	0
Total debt, net	0
Term Loan
Maturities of Long-term Debt
2024 (9 months)	0
2025	0
2026	0
2027	100,000
2028	100,000
Thereafter	0
Total debt	200,000
Deferred financing costs, net	(796)
Total debt, net	$ 199,204
Weighted average interest rate	6.60%
Senior Unsecured Notes
Maturities of Long-term Debt
2024 (9 months)	$ 100,000
2025	0
2026	50,000
2027	50,000
2028	100,000
Thereafter	275,000
Total debt	575,000
Deferred financing costs, net	(2,434)
Total debt, net	$ 572,566
Weighted average interest rate	3.10%

Leasing (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Lessor, Operating Lease, Payments, Fiscal Year Maturity
2024 (9 months)	$ 191,714
2025	248,407
2026	215,793
2027	166,429
2028	123,768
Thereafter	299,079
Total	$ 1,245,190

Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Carrying Value and Estimated Fair Value of Company Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Liabilities
Debt, fair value	$ 714,028	$ 721,269
Debt, carrying value	771,770	771,563
Quoted Price in Active Markets for Identical Assets and Liabilities (Level 1)
Liabilities
Debt, fair value	0	0
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Liabilities
Debt, fair value	714,028	721,269
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities
Debt, fair value	$ 0	$ 0

Stockholders' Equity - Narrative (Details)					3 Months Ended		170 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 27, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Sep. 05, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 04, 2023 USD ($)	Feb. 13, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) period $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) period $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2023 $ / shares shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) \| shares					400,000,000		400,000,000	400,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares					$ 0.01		$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, authorized (in shares) \| shares					100,000,000		100,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares					$ 0.01		$ 0.01
Issuance of common stock (in shares) \| shares						350,000
Weighted average offering price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares					$ 64.00	$ 63.30
Total compensation to the applicable sales agents					$ 2,200,000
Underwriting discount and offering costs					$ 3,226,000	$ 943,000
Shares repurchase program, authorized repurchase amount (in shares) \| shares					3,000,000		3,000,000
Withdraw from deferred compensation plan (in shares) \| shares					0	0
Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Grant date fair value per share of restricted stock awards (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares					$ 60.93
Fair value of the restricted stock granted					$ 3,300,000
Unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted stock issuances					$ 15,400,000		$ 15,400,000
Remaining weighted average period					3 years
Expense					$ 1,400,000	$ 1,400,000
Minimum \| Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Grant date fair value per share of restricted stock awards (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares							$ 14.20
Vesting period for the restricted stock					3 years
Maximum \| Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Grant date fair value per share of restricted stock awards (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares							$ 78.33
Vesting period for the restricted stock					5 years
Common Shares Held in Deferred Compensation Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Deposits to deferred compensation plan (in shares) \| shares					0	94,794
2019 Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) \| shares					1,898,961		1,898,961
Remaining balance of shares available (in shares) \| shares					455,910		455,910
Long Term Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Number of shares issued (in shares) \| shares					0
Number of measurement periods \| period					3		3
$500 Million ATM Program
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Common stock aggregate offering price					$ 500,000,000
Common stock aggregate offering price, remaining					155,200,000
Net proceeds form offerings					$ 148,400,000
Number of shares issued (in shares) \| shares					2,353,278
$300 Million ATM Program
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Common stock aggregate offering price		$ 300,000,000	$ 300,000,000
Net proceeds form offerings						$ 21,800,000
Total compensation to the applicable sales agents						$ 300,000
IPO \| Common Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Net proceeds form offerings	$ 387,100,000			$ 355,900,000
Number of shares issued (in shares) \| shares	6,325,000			5,750,000
Shares issued, price per share (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 62.00			$ 62.50
Underwriting discount and offering costs	$ 5,000,000			$ 3,500,000
Over-Allotment Option \| Common Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Number of shares issued (in shares) \| shares	825,000			750,000

Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Restricted Stock Activity (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 $ / shares shares
Shares
Non-vested shares outstanding at end of period (in shares)	422,563
Restricted Stock
Shares
Non-vested shares outstanding at beginning of period (in shares)	419,057
Granted (in shares)	53,904
Forfeited (in shares)	(9,324)
Vested (in shares)	(41,074)
Non-vested shares outstanding at end of period (in shares)	422,563
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested shares outstanding at beginning of period (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 60.99
Granted (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	60.93
Forfeited (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	68.01
Vested (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	64.35
Non-vested shares outstanding at end of period (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 60.50

Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Vesting Schedule of the Total Non-Vested Shares of Restricted Stock Outstanding (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024 shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Total non-vested shares (in shares)	422,563
2024 (9 months)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Total non-vested shares (in shares)	71,990
2025
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Total non-vested shares (in shares)	98,912
2026
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Total non-vested shares (in shares)	77,006
2027
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Total non-vested shares (in shares)	101,585
2028
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Total non-vested shares (in shares)	73,070
Thereafter
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Total non-vested shares (in shares)	0

Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Certain Information With Respect to the Performance Share Awards (Details) - Amended Long Term Incentive Plan - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Fair Value on Date of Grant	$ 28,896
Expense	1,911	$ 1,637
Performance Shares \| January 1, 2021 - December 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Fair Value on Date of Grant	4,820
Expense	0	402
Performance Shares \| January 1, 2022 - December 31, 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Fair Value on Date of Grant	5,789
Expense	482	482
Performance Shares \| January 1, 2023 - December 31, 2025
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Fair Value on Date of Grant	9,040
Expense	639	753
Performance Shares \| January 1, 2024 - December 31, 2026
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Fair Value on Date of Grant	9,247
Expense	$ 790	$ 0

Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Cash Dividends Paid or Payable Per Share (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Equity [Abstract]
Dividend per share, common stock (in dollars per share)	$ 0.45	$ 0.40

Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Details) - shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share
Weighted average unvested restricted shares outstanding (in shares)	429,583	373,985
Restricted Stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share
Dilutive restricted stock awards outstanding securities not participate in losses (in shares)	0	0
Performance Shares
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share
Dilutive restricted stock awards outstanding securities not participate in losses (in shares)	562,278	448,856

Subsequent Events (Details) $ / shares in Units, ft² in Thousands, $ in Thousands						3 Months Ended
	May 07, 2024 $ / shares	May 02, 2024 USD ($) ft² property	Apr. 23, 2024 USD ($) ft²	Apr. 15, 2024 USD ($) property	Apr. 12, 2024 USD ($) ft²	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares
Subsequent Event
Net cash paid for property acquisitions						$ 18,657	$ 364,600
Dividends per share, common stock (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares						$ 0.45	$ 0.40
Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event
Dividends per share, common stock (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.45
Subsequent Event \| Industrial Properties Located in New York City, Northern New Jersey, San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles
Subsequent Event
Number of properties (property) \| property		28
Subsequent Event \| Industrial Building \| Countyline Phase IV \| Scenario, Plan
Subsequent Event
Area of real estate property (square feet) \| ft²					162
Net cash paid for property acquisitions					$ 42,100
Subsequent Event \| Industrial Building \| Industrial Property in Hialeah, Florida
Subsequent Event
Area of real estate property (square feet) \| ft²			506
Net cash paid for property acquisitions			$ 88,500
Subsequent Event \| Industrial Building \| Industrial Property in Alexandria, Virginia
Subsequent Event
Net cash paid for property acquisitions				$ 84,300
Number of properties (property) \| property				1
Subsequent Event \| Industrial Building \| Industrial Properties Located in New York City, Northern New Jersey, San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles
Subsequent Event
Area of real estate property (square feet) \| ft²		1,200
Net cash paid for property acquisitions		$ 364,500

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TRNO Terreno Realty Corporation