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78JE Jsc Uzbek 5.75%

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Uzbek Ind & Construction Bank Half-year Report (8123C)

13/10/2022 11:00am

UK Regulatory


Jsc Uzbek 5.75% (LSE:78JE)
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TIDM78JE

RNS Number : 8123C

Uzbek Ind & Construction Bank

13 October 2022

Click on, or paste the following link into your web browser, to view the associated PDF document.

http://www.rns-pdf.londonstockexchange.com/rns/8123C_1-2022-10-13.pdf

 
 Joint Stock Commercial Bank 
  " UZBEK INDUSTRIAL 
  AND CONSTRUCTION BANK " 
 
  Condensed Consolidated Interim 
  Financial Information prepared 
  in accordance with 
  IAS 34, Interim Financial Reporting 
 
  30 June 2022 
 

JOINT STOCK COMMERCIAL BANK

"UZBEK INDUSTRIAL AND CONSTRUCTION BANK"

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS

REVIEW REPORT

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statement of Financial Position 1

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income

2

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statement of Changes in Equity 3

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statement of Cash Flows 4

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Information

   1.          INTRODUCTION 
   2.          OPERATING ENVIRONMENT OF THE GROUP 
   3.          BASIS OF PRESENTATION 
   4.          ADOPTION OF NEW AND REVISED STANDARDS 
   5.          CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY 
   6.          SEGMENT REPORTING 
   7.          CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 
   8.          DUE FROM OTHER BANKS 
   9.          LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS 
   10.        INVESTMENT SECURITIES MEASURED AT AMORTISED COST 
   11.        PREMISES, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS 
   12.        DUE TO OTHER BANKS 
   13.        CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS 
   14.        OTHER BORROWED FUNDS 
   15.        SUBORDINATED DEBT 
   16.        INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE 
   17.        ADMINISTRATIVE AND OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES 
   18.        INCOME TAXES 
   19.        EARNINGS PER SHARE 
   20.        COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 
   21.        CHANGES IN LIABILITIES ARISING FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES 
   22.        FAIR VALUE 
   23.        CAPITAL RISK MANAGEMENT 
   24.        RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES 
   25.        RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 
   26.        EVENTS AFTER THE OF THE REPORTING PERIOD 

JOINT STOCK COMMERCIAL BANK

"UZBEK INDUSTRIAL AND CONSTRUCTION BANK"

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION

(in millions of Uzbek Soums)

 
                                        Notes   30 June 2022   31 December 
                                                 (unaudited)          2021 
-------------------------------------  ------  -------------  ------------ 
 
 ASSETS 
 Cash and cash equivalents                7        7,142,522     8,196,652 
 Due from other banks                     8        2,790,842     1,956,303 
 Loans and advances to customers          9       42,645,889    42,537,051 
 Investment securities measured 
  at amortised cost                      10        1,323,824     1,067,512 
 Financial assets at fair value 
  through other comprehensive income                  40,755        48,136 
 Investment in associates                             32,494        29,726 
 Premises, equipment and intangible 
  assets                                 11        1,582,575     1,276,363 
 Deferred tax asset                                  254,219       202,125 
 Insurance assets                                     16,990        12,964 
 Other assets                                        515,537       356,482 
 Non-current assets held for sale                     46,324        48,602 
 
 
 TOTAL ASSETS                                     56,391,971    55,731,916 
 
 
 LIABILITIES 
 Due to other banks                      12        3,539,170     1,392,977 
 Customer accounts                       13       13,185,558    13,561,540 
 Debt securities in issue                          3,317,253     3,317,817 
 Other borrowed funds                    14       28,464,761    30,130,776 
 Insurance liabilities                               100,887        84,813 
 Other liabilities                                   315,177       197,421 
 Subordinated debt                       15          327,641       101,771 
 
 
 TOTAL LIABILITIES                                49,250,447    48,787,115 
 
 
 EQUITY 
 Share capital                                     4,640,011     4,640,011 
 Retained earnings                                 2,480,967     2,284,458 
 Revaluation reserve of financial 
  assets at fair value through 
  other comprehensive income                          14,346        14,132 
 
 
 Net assets attributable to the 
  Bank's owners                                    7,135,324     6,938,601 
 Non-controlling interest                              6,200         6,200 
 
 
 TOTAL EQUITY                                      7,141,524     6,944,801 
 
 
 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY                     56,391,971    55,731,916 
 
 

Approved for issue and signed on behalf of the Management Board on 10 October 2022.

 
 
 
 
   Annaklichev Sakhi                Vokhidov Oybek 
   Chairman of the Management       Chief Accountant 
   Board 
 
 
                                             Notes      Six months      Six months 
                                                             ended           ended 
                                                      30 June 2022    30 June 2021 
                                                       (unaudited)     (unaudited) 
------------------------------------------  ------  --------------  -------------- 
 
 
 Interest income calculated using 
  the effective interest method               16         2,311,709       1,927,987 
 Other similar income                         16            16,657          17,323 
 Interest expense                             16       (1,193,930)       (983,027) 
 
 
 Net interest income before provision 
  on loans and advances to customers                     1,134,436         962,283 
 (Provision) / recovery of credit 
  losses on loans and advances to 
  customers                                    9         (457,076)         314,451 
 
 
 Net interest income                                       677,360       1,276,734 
 
 
 Fee and commission income                                 191,316         194,399 
 Fee and commission expense                               (62,729)        (44,552) 
 Gain / (loss) on initial recognition 
  on interest bearing assets                              (61,903)           3,159 
 
 Net gain / (loss) on foreign exchange 
  translation                                               46,788         (8,136) 
 Net gain from trading in foreign 
  currencies                                               136,570          74,248 
 Insurance operations income                                41,666          40,654 
 Insurance operations expense                             (23,939)        (16,598) 
 Change in insurance reserves, net                        (12,047)        (20,263) 
 Dividend income                                             2,298           4,891 
 Other operating income                                     35,841          23,399 
 Provision for credit losses on 
  other assets and contingent liabilities                 (48,560)        (52,077) 
 Impairment of assets held for sale                        (3,968)         (3,974) 
 Administrative and other operating 
  expenses                                    17         (566,971)       (452,216) 
 Share of result from associates                           (1,004)           (595) 
 
 
 Profit before tax                                         350,718       1,019,073 
 Income tax expense                           18         (154,210)       (212,145) 
 
 
 PROFIT FOR THE PERIOD                                     196,508         806,928 
 
 
 
 Other comprehensive income: 
 Items that will not be subsequently 
  reclassified to profit or loss: 
 Fair value gain on equity securities at 
  fair value through other comprehensive 
  income                                                       267           3,993 
 Tax effect                                                   (53)           (799) 
 
 
 Other comprehensive income                                    214           3,194 
 
 
 TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR 
  THE PERIOD                                               196,722         810,122 
 
 
 Attributable to: 
  - Owners of the Bank                                     196,508         806,928 
  - Non-controlling interest                                     -               - 
 
 
 PROFIT FOR THE PERIOD                                     196,508         806,928 
 
 Attributable to: 
 - Owners of the Bank                                      196,722         810,122 
 - Non-controlling interest                                      -               - 
 
 
 TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR 
  THE PERIOD                                               196,722         810,122 
 
 Total basic and diluted EPS per 
  ordinary share (expressed in UZS 
  per share)                                   19             0.81            3.31 
 
 
 
                                   Share      Revaluation reserve   Retained earnings   Non-controlling   Total equity 
                                 capital      of financial assets                              interest 
                                            at fair value through 
                                              other comprehensive 
                                                           income 
----------------------------  ----------  -----------------------  ------------------  ----------------  ------------- 
 
 
 1 January 2021                4,640,011                   13,384           1,427,469                 -      6,080,864 
                                       ,                        ,                   ,                 ,              , 
----------------------------  ----------  -----------------------  ------------------  ----------------  ------------- 
                                       ,                        ,                   ,                 ,              , 
 Profit for the period                 -                        -             806,928                 -        806,928 
 Other comprehensive income 
  for 
  the period                           -                    3,194                   -                 -          3,194 
                                       ,                        ,                   ,                 ,              , 
----------------------------  ----------  -----------------------  ------------------  ----------------  ------------- 
                                       ,                        ,                   ,                 ,              , 
 Total comprehensive income 
  for 
  the period                           -                    3,194             806,928                 -        810,122 
                                       ,                        ,                   ,                 ,              , 
----------------------------  ----------  -----------------------  ------------------  ----------------  ------------- 
                                       ,                        ,                   ,                 ,              , 
 Dividends declared                    -                        -             (5,036)                 -        (5,036) 
 
 30 June 2021 (unaudited)      4,640,011                   16,578           2,229,361                 -      6,885,950 
                                       ,                        ,                   ,                 ,              , 
----------------------------  ----------  -----------------------  ------------------  ----------------  ------------- 
 
 
                                   Share      Revaluation reserve   Retained earnings   Non-controlling   Total equity 
                                 capital      of financial assets                              interest 
                                            at fair value through 
                                              other comprehensive 
                                                           income 
----------------------------  ----------  -----------------------  ------------------  ----------------  ------------- 
 
 
 1 January 2022                4,640,011                   14,132           2,284,459             6,200      6,944,802 
 
 
 Profit for the period                 -                        -             196,508                 -        196,508 
 Other comprehensive income 
  for 
  the period                           -                      214                   -                 -            214 
 
 
 Total comprehensive income 
  for 
  the period                           -                      214             196,508                 -        196,722 
 
 
 
 
 30 June 2022 (unaudited)      4,640,011                   14,346           2,480,967             6,200      7,141,524 
                                       ,                        ,                   ,                 ,              , 
----------------------------  ----------  -----------------------  ------------------  ----------------  ------------- 
 
 
                                                                      Six months      Six months 
                                                                           ended           ended 
                                                                    30 June 2022    30 June 2021 
                                               Notes                 (unaudited)     (unaudited) 
--------------------------------------------  ------  --------------------------  -------------- 
 
 Cash flows from operating activities 
 Interest received                                                     2,071,873       1,728,078 
 Interest paid                                                       (1,212,889)       (940,764) 
 Fee and commission received                                             188,486         193,332 
 Fee and commission paid                                                (62,729)        (44,552) 
 Insurance operations income received                                     41,666          40,654 
 Insurance operations expense paid                                      (23,939)        (16,598) 
 Net gain from trading in foreign currencies                             136,570          74,248 
 Other operating income received                                          35,301          23,399 
 Staff costs paid                                                      (245,534)       (281,271) 
 Administrative and other operating expenses 
  paid                                                                 (119,223)       (107,171) 
 Income tax paid                                                       (181,007)        (82,235) 
                                                                                            #N/A 
--------------------------------------------  ------  --------------------------  -------------- 
 
 Cash flows from operating activities before 
  changes in operating assets and liabilities                            628,575         587,120 
 Net (increase)/decrease in: 
 - due from other banks                                                (832,347)       (264,643) 
 - loans and advances to customers                                     (865,306)       (285,268) 
 - investment securities measured at amortised 
  cost                                                                 (257,740)       (703,350) 
 - other assets                                                        (191,326)        (17,859) 
 Net increase/(decrease) in: 
 - due to other banks                                                    111,412       (428,775) 
 - customer accounts                                                   (358,654)         610,410 
 - other liabilities                                                     (8,705)         (4,735) 
 
 
 Net cash used in operating activities                               (1,774,091)       (507,100) 
 
 
 Cash flows from investing activities 
 Acquisition of financial assets at fair 
  value through other comprehensive income                                     -            (33) 
 Proceeds from disposal of financial assets 
  at fair value through other comprehensive 
  income                                                                   5,111             341 
 Acquisition of premises equipment and intangible 
  assets                                                               (413,907)       (287,558) 
 Proceeds from disposal of premises equipment 
  and intangible assets                                                    4,784             762 
 Proceeds from disposal of repossessed assets                              1,874           2,531 
 Acquisition of investment in associates                                 (5,458)        (11,681) 
 Dividend income received                                                  2,298           4,891 
 
 
 Net cash used in investing activities                                 (405,298)       (290 747) 
 
 
 Cash flows from financing activities 
 Proceeds from borrowings due to other banks                           2,447,336          13,950 
 Repayment of borrowings due to other banks                            (334,155)       (142,951) 
 Proceeds from other borrowed funds                                    1,369,964      15,159,640 
 Repayment of other borrowed funds                                   (2,915,691)    (14,036,145) 
 Proceeds from debt securities in issue                                   28,000          15,200 
 Repayment of debt securities in issue                                  (39,602)        (65,510) 
 Proceeds from other subordinated debt                                   235,851         100,000 
 Dividends paid                                                          (1,726)         (5,288) 
 
 
 Net cash from financing activities                                      789,977       1,038,896 
 
 
 Effect of exchange rate changes on 
  cash and cash equivalents                                              335,282        (57,727) 
 
 
 Net (decrease)/increase in cash 
  and cash equivalents                                               (1,054,130)         183,322 
 
 Cash and cash equivalents at the 
  beginning of the period                      7                       8,196,652       5,601,186 
 
 
 Cash and cash equivalents at the 
  end of the period                            7                       7,142,522       5,784,508 
 
 
   1.             INTRODUCTION 

This condensed consolidated interim financial information has been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard 34 "Interim Financial Reporting" for the six months period ended 30 June 2022 for Joint Stock Commercial Bank "Uzbek Industrial and Construction Bank "(the "Bank") and its subsidiaries (together referred to as the "Group").

The Bank was incorporated in 1991 and is domiciled in the Republic of Uzbekistan. It is registered in Uzbekistan to carry out banking and foreign exchange activities and has operated under the banking license #17 issued by the Central Bank of Uzbekistan ("CBU") on 25 December 2021 (succeeded the licenses #17 issued on 25 January 2003 and #25 issued on 29 January 2005 by the CBU for banking operations and general license for foreign currency operations, respectively).

Principal activity . The Bank's principal activity is commercial banking, retail banking, operations with securities, foreign currencies and origination of loans and guarantees. The Bank accepts deposits from legal entities and individuals, extended loans, and transfer payments. The Bank conducts its banking operations from its head office in Tashkent and 44 branches within Uzbekistan as of 30 June 2022 (31 December 2021: 44 branches).

The Bank participates in the state deposit insurance scheme, which was introduced by the Uzbek Law #360-II "Insurance of Individual Bank Deposit" on 5 April 2002. On 28 November 2008, the President of Uzbekistan issued the Decree #PD-4057 stating that in case of the withdrawal of a license of a bank, the State Deposit Insurance Fund guarantees repayment of 100% of individual deposits regardless of the deposit amount.

As at 30 June 2022 (unaudited), the number of Bank's employees was 3,680 (31 December 2021: 3,841).

Registered address and place of business. 3, Shakhrisabz Street, Tashkent, 100000, Uzbekistan

At 30 June 2022 (unaudited) and 31 December 2021, the Group consolidated the following companies in these consolidated financial statements:

 
                                          The Bank's ownership 
                             Country   30 June 2022   31 December            Type of 
                                  of    (unaudited)          2021 
 Name                  incorporation              %             %          operation 
 
 
 SQB Capital, 
  LLC                     Uzbekistan            100           100   Asset management 
 SQB Insurance, 
  LLC                     Uzbekistan            100           100          Insurance 
 SQB Securities, 
  LLC                     Uzbekistan            100           100   Asset management 
 SQB Construction, 
  LLC                     Uzbekistan            100           100       Construction 
 SQB Consulting, 
  LLC                     Uzbekistan            100           100         Consulting 
 
 

In addition to the above consolidation disclosure table, in 2021, in accordance with Presidential decree-6244 "On additional measures to increase industrial power of the regions", seven companies were established with ownership structure of more than 50% held by the Group in each company. All these seven companies are also consolidated in the Group's financial statements. These companies will serve the purpose of regions industrial power improvement. During the first six months of 2022, the total additional capital investment in existing wholly owned subsidiaries amounted to 54 902 million UZS.

The table below represents the Group's investment in associates at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) and 31 December 2021.

 
                                                                        Group's ownership 
-----------------------  -----------------------  ------------ 
                          Principal                                   30 June        31 December 
 Name                      activity                Country        2022 (unaudited)       2021 
-----------------------  -----------------------  ------------  ------------------  ------------ 
 
 "Kattaqurgon Business 
  Services" LLC           Real state management    Uzbekistan                  33%            0% 
 
 LLC "Khorezm Invest 
  Project"                Asset management         Uzbekistan                  34%           34% 
 
 

During the first half of 2022 the Group invested to "Kattaqurgon Business Services" LLC in partnership with Asakabank and NBU for developing Business environment in Samarkand region in accordance with the government order.

The table below represents the interest of the shareholders in the Bank's share capital as at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) and 31 December 2021:

 
                                                                 30 June   31 December 
 Shareholders                                           2022 (unaudited)          2021 
----------------------------------------------------  ------------------  ------------ 
 
 The Fund of Reconstruction and Development 
  of the Republic of Uzbekistan                                   82,09%        82,09% 
 The Ministry of Finance of the Republic 
  of Uzbekistan                                                   13,06%        13,06% 
 Other legal entities and individuals (individually 
  hold less than 5%)                                               4,85%         4,85% 
 
 
 Total                                                              100%          100% 
 
 
   2.             OPERATING ENVIRONMENT OF THE GROUP 

Republic of Uzbekistan. The Uzbekistan economy displays characteristics of an emerging market, including but not limited to, a currency that is not freely convertible outside of the country and a low level of liquidity in debt and equity markets. Also, the banking sector in Uzbekistan is particularly impacted by local political, legislative, fiscal and regulatory developments. The largest Uzbek banks are state-controlled and act as an arm of the Government to develop the country's economy. The Government distributes funds from the country's budget, which flow through the banks to various government agencies, and other state and privately owned entities.

Uzbekistan experienced the following key economic indicators in 2022:

   --      Inflation: 12.2% (2021: 10.7%) 
   --      GDP growth 5.4% (2021: 7.4%). 

-- Official exchange rates: 30 June 2022: USD 1 = UZS 10,860.25 (31 December 2021: USD 1 = UZS 10,837.66).

   --      Central Bank refinancing rate: 14-16% (2021: 14%). 

In June 2022 Standard & Poor's international rating agency affirmed the Republic of Uzbekistan's long-term foreign and short-term sovereign credit rating for foreign and local currency liabilities at the BB- level. The outlook was Stable. The agency expects that the sanctions imposed on Russia will put pressure on Uzbekistan's economic growth and slow down the pace of fiscal consolidation this year, as Russia is Uzbekistan's largest trading partner. The agency predicts that real GDP growth will average around 5% per year starting in 2023.

The regulator pursues the inflation targeting policy aimed to reaching 5% by the end of 2023 and averaging around that level for an extended period. This is achieved in large part by imposing tighter requirements on liquidity, which should narrow down monetary base and loan portfolios of banks.

In the first half 2022 inflation rate increased year-on-year to 12.2% against 10.9% over the same period last year.

Influence of geopolitical events in the world

In February 2022, due to the conflict between the Russian Federation and Ukraine, numerous sanctions were announced against the Russian Federation by many countries. These sanctions are intended to have a negative economic impact on the Russian Federation. Due to the growing geopolitical tensions, since February 2022, there has been a significant increase in volatility in the currency markets, as well as a volatility of UZS against the US dollar and euro.

On 18 March 2022, due to geopolitical events around Ukraine and Russia, the exchange rate of the US dollar against the UZS weakened to 11,571.99 or the exchange rate of the USD dollar against the UZS increased by 7% since 31 December 2021 (2021: 3.4% annual).

In order to reduce the impact of the external environment on the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, on March 17, 2022, the Board of the Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan increased the CBU refinancing rate by 3% to 17%. In June 2022 and then in July 2022, after some decrease in the degree of influence of the external environment on the economy, the Board of the Central Bank of Uzbekistan decreased the CBU refinancing rate to 16% and 15% respectively.

For the purpose of managing the country risk, the Bank controls transactions with counterparties within the limits set by the Bank's collegial body, which are reviewed regularly. The Group continues to assess the effect of these events and changes in economic conditions on its operations, financial position and financial performance.

The future effects of the current economic situation taking into consideration the sanctions to the Russian government and the above measures are difficult to predict, and management's current expectations and estimates could differ from actual results.

   3.             BASIS OF PRESENTATION 

The condensed consolidated interim financial information of the Group has been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard 34 "Interim Financial Reporting" and should be read in conjunction with the annual financial statements of the Group for the year ended 31 December 2021, which have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).

Except as described below, the same accounting policies and methods of computation were followed in the preparation of this condensed consolidated interim financial information as compared with the annual consolidated financial statements of the Group for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Interim period tax measurement. Interim period income tax expense is accrued using the effective tax rate that would be applicable to expected total annual earnings, that is, the estimated weighted average annual effective income tax rate applied to the pre-tax income of the interim period. In addition, the Group's new accounting policy, implemented retrospectively as a result of amendments to IAS 12, Income Taxes, is to recognize tax benefits of distributions to owners in profit or loss when these tax benefits are linked more directly to past transactions or events that generated distributable profits than to the distributions to owners.

   4.             Adoption of New and Revised Standards 

Certain new standards and interpretations have been issued that are mandatory for the annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023 or later, and which the Group has not early adopted.

-- IFRS 17 "Insurance Contracts" (issued on 18 May 2017 and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023).

-- Amendments to IFRS 17 and an amendment to IFRS 4 (issued on 25 June 2020 and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023).

-- Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture - Amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28 (issued on 11 September 2014 and effective for annual periods beginning on or after a date to be determined by the IASB).

-- Classification of liabilities as current or non-current, deferral of effective date - Amendments to IAS 1 (issued on 15 July 2020 and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023). Classification of liabilities as current or non-current, deferral of effective date - Amendments to IAS 1 (issued on 15 July 2020 and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023).

-- Amendments to IAS 8: Definition of Accounting Estimates (issued on 12 February 2021 and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023).

-- Deferred tax related to assets and liabilities arising from a single transaction - Amendments to IAS 12 (issued on 7 May 2021 and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023).

The requirements of the amended standards have not been taken into account in the preparation of this condensed consolidated interim financial information. The Group is currently assessing the effect of this amendments on its financial position and results of operations.

   5.             CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY 

In preparing this condensed consolidated interim financial information, the significant judgments made by the management in applying the Group's accounting policies and the key sources of estimation uncertainty were consistent with those that applied to the Group's annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2021 prepared in accordance with IFRS. There have been no changes to the basis upon which the significant accounting estimates have been determined compared with 31 December 2021.

ECL measurement

Measurement of ECL is a significant estimate that involves determination of methodology, models and data inputs consistent with those at 31 December 2021. The following components have a major impact on credit loss allowance: definition of default, significant increase in credit risk ("SICR"), probability of default ("PD"), exposure at default ("EAD"), and loss given default ("LGD"), as well as models of macro-economic scenarios. The Group regularly reviews and validates the models and inputs to the models to reduce any differences between expected credit loss estimates and actual credit loss experience.

The Group incorporates forward-looking information into a measurement of ECL when there is a statistically proven correlation between the macro-economic variables and defaults. As at the reporting date the Group has obtained quarterly values for macroeconomic variables: export, import, GDP, CPI, current account balances, unemployment rates, aligned them with quarterly default rates across all loan portfolios and performed statistical tests for correlation considering different time lags. The Management analysed forward-looking information and assessed that effect of macro is not significant. The Management updates its statistical tests for correlation as at each reporting date.

If probability of default (PD) increased by 10% for the whole loan portfolio then ECL would have increased by 5% and amounted UZS 1,912,914 million as of 30 June 2022. If LGD increased by 10% for the whole loan portfolio then ECL would have increased by 4% and amounted UZS 1,815,321 million.

   6.             SEGMENT REPORTING 

Operating segments are components of the Group that engage in business activities that may earn revenues or incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision makers (CODM) and for which discrete financial information is available. The CODM of the group is the Management Board. The Management Board regularly uses financial information based on IFRS for operational decision-making and resource allocation.

   (a)   Description of products and services from which each reportable segment derives its revenue 

The Group is organized on the basis of two main business segments - corporate banking which represents direct debit facilities, current accounts, deposits, overdrafts, loan and other credit facilities, foreign currency and derivative products and retail banking which represents private banking services, private customer current accounts, savings, deposits and debit cards, consumer loans.

   (b)   Information about reportable segment profit or loss, assets, and liabilities 

Segment information for the reportable segments for the period ended 30 June 2022 (unaudited) is set out below:

 
                                           30 June 2022 (Unaudited) 
                                   ---------------------------------------- 
                                    Corporate    Individuals      Total 
---------------------------------  -----------  ------------  ------------- 
 
 Assets 
 Cash and cash equivalents           7,099,144        43,378      7,142,522 
 Loans and advances to customers    38,257,017     4,388,872     42,645,889 
 Due from other banks                2,790,842             -      2,790,842 
 Investment securities measured 
  at amortised cost                  1,323,824             -      1,323,824 
 
 Total reportable segment 
  assets                            49,470,827     4,432,250     53,903,077 
---------------------------------  -----------  ------------  ------------- 
 
 Liabilities 
 Due to other banks                  3,539,170             -      3,539,170 
 Customer accounts                  11,169,180     2,016,378     13,185,558 
 Other borrowed funds               28,454,634        10,127     28,464,761 
 Debt securities in issue            3,317,253             -      3,317,253 
 
 Total reportable segment 
  liabilities                       46,480,237     2,026,505     48,506,742 
---------------------------------  -----------  ------------  ------------- 
 Capital expenditure                                                889,099 
---------------------------------  -----------  ------------  ------------- 
 

Segment information for the reportable segments for the year ended 31 December 2021 is set out below:

 
                                              31 December 2021 
                                   -------------------------------------- 
                                    Corporate    Individuals     Total 
---------------------------------  -----------  ------------  ----------- 
 
 Assets 
 Cash and cash equivalents           8,138,305        58,347    8,196,652 
 Loans and advances to customers    38,370,977     4,166,074   42,537,051 
 Due from other banks                1,956,303             -    1,956,303 
 Investment securities measured 
  at amortised cost                  1,067,512             -    1,067,512 
 Total reportable segment 
  assets                            49,533,097     4,224,421   53,757,518 
---------------------------------  -----------  ------------  ----------- 
 
 Liabilities 
 Due to other banks                  1,392,977             -    1,392,977 
 Customer accounts                  10,257,754     3,303,786   13,561,540 
 Other borrowed funds               30,120,024        10,752   30,130,776 
 Debt securities in issue            3,317,817             -    3,317,817 
 
 Total reportable segment 
  liabilities                       45,088,572     3,314,538   48,403,110 
---------------------------------  -----------  ------------  ----------- 
 Capital expenditure                                            1,033,849 
---------------------------------  -----------  ------------  ----------- 
 

The cash management is performed by Treasury Department to support liquidity of the Bank as a whole.

   6.             SEGMENT REPORTING (Continued) 
 
                                        Six months ended 30 June 2022 (unaudited) 
                                     ---------------------------------------------- 
                                        Corporate     Individuals             Total 
-----------------------------------  --------------  ---------------  ------------- 
 
 Interest income 
 Interest on Loans and advances 
  to customers                            1,830,940          287,923      2,118,863 
 Interest on balances Due 
  from other banks                           97,896                -         97,896 
 Interest on investment securities 
  measured at amortised cost                111,607                -        111,607 
 
 Interest expense 
 Interest on balances Due 
  to other banks                           (35,665)                -       (35,665) 
 Interest on Customer accounts            (166,806)        (192,005)      (358,811) 
 Interest on Other borrowed 
  funds                                   (682,141)                -      (682,141) 
 Interest on Debt securities 
  in issue                                (112,989)                -      (112,989) 
 Interest on subordinated 
  debt                                      (4,324)                -        (4,324) 
 
 Segment results                          1,038,518           95,918      1,134,436 
-----------------------------------  --------------  ---------------  ------------- 
 
 
                                        Six months ended 30 June 2021 (unaudited) 
                                     ---------------------------------------------- 
                                        Corporate     Individuals             Total 
-----------------------------------  --------------  ---------------  ------------- 
 
 Interest income 
 Interest on Loans and advances 
  to customers                            1,508,127          303,522      1,811,649 
 Interest on balances Due 
  from other banks                           65,128                -         65,128 
 Interest on investment securities 
  measured at amortised cost                 68,533                -         68,533 
 
 Interest expense 
 Interest on balances Due 
  to other banks                           (36,706)                -       (36,706) 
 Interest on Customer accounts            (118,832)        (113,017)      (231,849) 
 Interest on Other borrowed 
  funds                                   (607,659)                -      (607,659) 
 Interest on Debt securities 
  in issue                                (104,164)                -      (104,164) 
 Interest on subordinated 
  debt                                      (2,649)                -        (2,649) 
 
 Segment results                            771,778          190,505        962,283 
-----------------------------------  --------------  ---------------  ------------- 
 
   (c)   Reconciliation of income and expenses, assets, and liabilities for reportable segments: 
 
                                         30 June 2022 
                                          (Unaudited)   31 December 2021 
--------------------------------------  -------------  ----------------- 
 
 Total reportable segment assets           53,903,077         53,757,518 
 
 Financial assets at fair value 
  through other comprehensive income           40,755             48,136 
 Investment in associates                      32,494             29,726 
 Premises, equipment and intangible 
  assets                                    1,582,575          1,276,363 
 Deferred tax asset                           254,219            202,125 
 Insurance assets                              16,990             12,964 
 Other assets                                 515,537            356,482 
 Non-current assets held for sale              46,324             48,602 
 
 
 Total assets                              56,391,971         55,731,916 
 
 
 Total reportable segment liabilities      48,506,742         48,403,110 
 
 Insurance liabilities                        100,887             84,813 
 Other liabilities                            315,177            197,421 
 Subordinated debt                            327,641            101,771 
 
 
 Total liabilities                         49,250,447         48,787,115 
 
 
   6.             SEGMENT REPORTING (Continued) 
 
                                                       Six months          Six months 
                                                    ended 30 June       ended 30 June 
                                                 2022 (unaudited)    2021 (unaudited) 
---------------------------------------------  ------------------  ------------------ 
 
 Segment results                                        1,134,436             962,283 
 
 Recovery of / (provision) for credit 
  losses on loans and advances to customers             (457,076)             314,451 
 
 (Loss) / gain on initial recognition 
  on interest bearing assets                             (61,903)               3,159 
                                                                -                   - 
 Fee and commission income                                191,316             194,399 
 Fee and commission expense                              (62,729)            (44,552) 
 Net gain on foreign exchange translation                  46,788             (8,136) 
 Net gain from trading in foreign currencies              136,570              74,248 
 Insurance operations income                               41,666              40,654 
 Insurance operations expense                            (23,939)            (16,598) 
 Change in insurance reserves, net                       (12,047)            (20,263) 
 Dividend income                                            2,298               4,891 
 Other operating income                                    35,841              23,399 
 Provision for credit losses on other 
  assets                                                 (48,560)            (52,077) 
 Impairment of assets held for sale                       (3,968)             (3,974) 
 Administrative and other operating 
  expenses                                              (566,971)           (452,216) 
 Share of result from associates                          (1,004)               (595) 
 
 
 Profit before tax                                        350,718           1,019,073 
 Income tax expense                                     (154,210)           (212,145) 
 
                                                                                    , 
 PROFIT FOR THE PERIOD                                    196,508             806,928 
 
 
   7.             CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 
 
                                           30 June 2022   31 December 
                                            (unaudited)          2021 
----------------------------------------  -------------  ------------ 
 
 Correspondent accounts and placements 
  with other banks 
  with original maturities of less than 
  three months                                3,480,006     5,154,254 
 Cash balances with the CBU (other than 
  mandatory reserve deposits)                 2,890,594     2,181,792 
 Cash on hand                                   773,059       861,313 
                                                                    , 
----------------------------------------  -------------  ------------ 
                                                                    , 
 Less: Allowance for expected credit 
  losses                                        (1,137)         (707) 
                                                                    , 
----------------------------------------  -------------  ------------ 
                                                                    , 
 Total cash and cash equivalents              7,142,522     8,196,652 
 
 

As at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) and 31 December 2021 for the purpose of ECL measurement cash and cash equivalents balances are included in Stage 1 except for balances with Russian banks. The balances with Russian banks are classified under the category Correspondent accounts and placements with other banks with original maturities of less than three months.

.

   7.             CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (Continued) 

The credit quality of cash and cash equivalents at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) is as follows:

 
                                          Cash balances          Correspondent       Total 
                                           with the CBU           accounts and 
                                            (other than        placements with 
                                      mandatory reserve       other banks with 
                                              deposits)    original maturities 
                                                                  of less than 
                                                                  three months 
----------------------------------  -------------------  ---------------------  ---------- 
 
 - Central Bank of Uzbekistan                 2,890,594                      -   2,890,594 
 - Rated AA- to A+                                    -              2,962,579   2,962,579 
 - Rated Baa                                          -                461,541     461,541 
 - Rated Ba                                           -                 40,214      40,214 
 - Unrated                                            -                 15,672      15,672 
                                                      ,                      ,           , 
----------------------------------  -------------------  ---------------------  ---------- 
 
 Less: Allowance for expected 
  credit losses                                    (57)                (1,080)     (1,137) 
                                                      ,                      ,           , 
----------------------------------  -------------------  ---------------------  ---------- 
 
 Total cash and cash equivalents, 
  excluding cash on hand                      2,890,537              3,478,926   6,369,463 
 
 

Moody's credit rating for Uzbekistan was set at BB- as at 30 June 2022 and at 31 December 2021 which is used for assessment of cash balances with the CBU.

The credit quality of cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 2021 is as follows:

 
                                          Cash balances          Correspondent         Total 
                                           with the CBU           accounts and 
                                            (other than        placements with 
                                      mandatory reserve       other banks with 
                                              deposits)    original maturities 
                                                                  of less than 
                                                                  three months 
----------------------------------  -------------------  ---------------------  ------------ 
 
 
 - Central Bank of Uzbekistan                 2,181,792                      -     2,181,792 
 - Rated AA- to A+                                    -              4,022,030     4,022,030 
 - Rated Baa                                          -                 56,186        56,186 
 - Rated Ba                                           -              1,076,038     1,076,038 
 
 
 Less: Allowance for expected 
  credit losses                                    (50)                  (657)         (707) 
 
 
 Total cash and cash equivalents, 
  excluding cash on hand                      2,181,742              5,153,597     7,335,339 
 
 

The credit rating is based on the rating agency Moody's (if available) or the rating agencies Standard & Poor's and Fitch, which are converted to the nearest equivalent value on the Moody's rating scale.

Information on related party balances is disclosed in Note 25. Information on fair value of cash and cash equivalents is disclosed in Note 22.

   8.             DUE FROM OTHER BANKS 
 
                                                30 June 2022    31 December 
                                                 (unaudited)           2021 
--------------------------------------------  --------------  ------------- 
 
 Placements with other banks with original 
  maturities of 
  more than three months                           2,494,832      1,688,653 
 Mandatory cash balances with CBU                    203,853        184,209 
 Restricted cash                                     125,935        118,888 
                                                           -              - 
--------------------------------------------  --------------  ------------- 
                                                           -              - 
 Less: Allowance for expected credit losses         (33,778)       (35,447) 
                                                           ,              , 
--------------------------------------------  --------------  ------------- 
                                                           ,              , 
 Total due from other banks                        2,790,842      1,956,303 
 
 

Mandatory deposits with the CBU include non-interest-bearing reserves against client deposits. The Group does not have the right to use these deposits for the purposes of funding its own activities.

Restricted cash represents balances on correspondent accounts with foreign banks placed by the Group on behalf of its customers. The Group does not have the right to use these funds for the purpose of funding its own activities.

   8.             DUE FROM OTHER BANKS (Continued) 

At 30 June 2022 (unaudited) the Group had balances with eleven counterparty banks (31 December 2021: ten counterparty banks) with aggregated amounts above UZS 20,000 million. The total aggregate amount of these deposits was UZS 2,379,230 million (2021: UZS 1,516,330 million) or 90% of the total amount due from other banks (31 December 2021: 83%).

As at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) and 31 December 2021 for the purpose of ECL measurement due from other bank balances are included in Stage 1 and Stage 3.

Analysis by credit quality of due from other banks outstanding at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) is as follows:

 
                         Mandatory cash        Placements with   Restricted       Total 
                          balances with       other banks with         cash 
                                    CBU    original maturities 
                                            of more than three 
                                                        months 
----------------------  ---------------  ---------------------  -----------  ---------- 
 
 
 - Central Bank 
  of Uzbekistan                 203,853                      -            -     203,853 
 - Rated A+                           -                233,353            -     233,353 
 - Rated A-                           -                      -        5,375       5,375 
 - Rated B                            -                260,199            -     260,199 
 - Rated B-                           -                    520            -         520 
 - Rated B+                           -                162,904            -     162,904 
 - Rated B1                           -              1,182,539            -   1,182,539 
 - Rated B2                           -                  3,386            -       3,386 
 - Rated B3                           -                  1,500            -       1,500 
 - Rated BB-                          -                617,548            -     617,548 
 - Rated BBB+                         -                      -      120,560     120,560 
 - Rated CCC+                         -                 32,581            -      32,581 
 - Unrated                            -                    302            -         302 
                                      -                      ,            ,           , 
----------------------  ---------------  ---------------------  -----------  ---------- 
 
 Less: Allowance 
  for expected credit 
  losses                          (123)               (33,593)         (62)    (33,778) 
                         ,                ,                               ,   , 
----------------------  ---------------  ---------------------  -----------  ---------- 
 
 Total due from 
  other banks                   203,730              2,461,239      125,873   2,790,842 
 
 

Per credit quality table above the Turkiston Bank was rated as CCC+ (Rated B- at 31 December 2021) and Hi-Tech Bank was classified as Unrated (Unrated at 31 December 2021) as at 30 June 2022 (unaudited). Both Turkiston and Hi-Tech Banks were classified under Stage 3 for purpose of ECL as at 30 June 2022 and as at 31 December 2021.

Analysis by credit quality of due from other banks outstanding at 31 December 2021 is as follows:

 
                                 Mandatory        Placements          Restricted   Total 
                                  cash balances    with other banks    cash 
                                  with CBU         with original 
                                                   maturities of 
                                                   more than three 
                                                   months 
------------------------------  ---------------  ------------------  -----------  ---------- 
 
 
 - Central Bank of Uzbekistan           184,209                   -            -     184,209 
 - Rated A- to A+                             -                   -            -           - 
 - Rated BBB+                                 -                   -      117,257     117,257 
 - Rated Ba2                                  -                   -            -           - 
 - Rated BB-                                  -           1,119,053            -   1,119,053 
 - Rated B+                                   -                   -            -           - 
 - Rated B1                                   -             101,141            -     101,141 
 - Rated B2                                   -               2,641            -       2,641 
 - Rated B3                                   -               2,662            -       2,662 
 - Rated B                                    -             418,386            -     418,386 
 - Rated B-                                   -              36,419            -      36,419 
 - Rated C                                    -               8,351        1,631       9,982 
 
 
 Less: Allowance for 
  expected credit losses                      -            (35,406)         (41)    (35,447) 
 
 
 Total due from other 
  banks                                 184,209           1,653,247      118,847   1,956,303 
 
 

The credit rating is based on the rating agency Moody's (if available) or the rating agencies Standard & Poor's and Fitch.

Information on related party balances is disclosed in Note 25. Information on fair value of due from other banks is disclosed in Note 22.

   8.             DUE FROM OTHER BANKS (Continued) 

The following tables discloses the changes in the credit loss allowance and gross carrying amount for due from banks between the beginning and the end of the reporting periods:

 
                                               EAD                                            ECL 
                        ------------------------------------------------  ------------------------------------------ 
                               Stage      Stage      Stage                    Stage      Stage      Stage      TOTAL 
                                   1          2          3         TOTAL          1          2          3 
                            12-month   Lifetime   Lifetime                 12-month   Lifetime   Lifetime 
                                 ECL        ECL        ECL                      ECL        ECL        ECL 
 
 As at 1 January 2022      1,958,937          -     32,813     1,991,750   (14,779)          -   (20,668)   (35,447) 
 
 Changes in the gross 
 carrying amount 
 - Transfer from stage 
 1                                 -          -          -             -          -          -          -          - 
 - Transfer from stage             -          -          -             -          -          -          -          - 
 2 
 - Transfer from stage             -          -          -             -          -          -          -          - 
 3 
 - Changes due to 
  modifications that 
  did not result in 
  derecognition*                   -          -          -             -        201          -      1,992      2,193 
 New assets issued or 
  acquired                 2,408,845          -          2     2,408,847   (13,961)          -        (1)   (13,962) 
 Matured or 
  derecognized assets 
  (except 
  for write off)         (1,613,334)          -          -   (1,613,334)     13,440          -          -     13,440 
 Foreign exchange 
  differences                 37,289          -         68        37,357        (2)          -          -        (2) 
                                   ,          ,          ,             ,          ,          ,          ,          , 
                                   ,          ,          ,             ,          ,          ,          ,          , 
 Loss allowance for 
  ECL and Gross 
  Carrying as at 30 
  June 2022 
  (unaudited)              2,791,737          -     32,883     2,824,620   (15,101)          -   (18,677)   (33,778) 
 
 
 
                                                 EAD                                          ECL 
                            --------------------------------------------  ------------------------------------------ 
                                 Stage      Stage      Stage                  Stage      Stage      Stage      TOTAL 
                                     1          2          3       TOTAL          1          2          3 
                              12-month   Lifetime   Lifetime               12-month   Lifetime   Lifetime 
                                   ECL        ECL        ECL                    ECL        ECL        ECL 
 
 Loss allowance for ECL 
  as at 31 December 2020     1,877,621          -          -   1,877,621   (18,429)          -          -   (18,429) 
 
 Changes in the gross 
 carrying amount 
 - Transfer from stage 1      (31,731)          -     31,731           -      4,149          -    (4,149)          - 
 - Transfer from stage 2             -          -          -           -          -          -          -          - 
 - Transfer from stage 3             -          -          -           -          -          -          -          - 
 - Changes due to 
  modifications that 
  did not result in 
  derecognition*                     -          -          -           -      1,536          -   (16,519)   (14,983) 
 New assets issued or 
  acquired                   1,023,303          -          -   1,023,303    (7,935)          -          -    (7,935) 
 Matured or derecognized 
  assets (except 
  for write off)             (714,632)          -          -   (714,632)      6,854          -          -      6,854 
 Foreign exchange 
  differences                (195,624)          -      1,082   (194,542)      (954)          -          -      (954) 
                                     ,          ,          ,           ,   ,          ,          ,                 , 
                                     ,          ,          ,           ,          ,          ,          ,          , 
 Loss allowance for ECL 
  as at 31 December 2021     1,958,937          -     32,813   1,991,750   (14,779)          -   (20,668)   (35,447) 
 
 
   9.   LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS 

The Bank uses the following classification of loans:

-- Loans to state and municipal organisations - loans issued to clients wholly owned by the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and budget organisations;

-- Corporate loans - loans issued to clients other than government entities and private entrepreneurs;

-- Loans to individuals - loans issued to individuals for consumption purposes, for the purchase of residential houses and flats and loans issued to private entrepreneurs without forming legal entity.

Loans and advances to customers comprise:

 
                                      30 June 2022   31 December 2021 
                                       (unaudited) 
-----------------------------------  -------------  ----------------- 
 
 Corporate loans                        27,327,735         25,902,022 
 State and municipal organisations      13,210,498         14,278,451 
 Loans to individuals                    4,469,618          4,349,321 
 
 
 Total loans and advances to 
  customers, gross                      45,007,851         44,529,794 
 
 
 Less: Allowance for expected 
  credit losses                        (2,361,962)        (1,992,743) 
 
 
 Total loans and advances to 
  customers                             42,645,889         42,537,051 
 
 

The table below represents loans and advances to customer's classification by stages:

 
                                  30 June 2022   31 December 2021 
                                   (unaudited) 
-------------------------------  -------------  ----------------- 
 
 Originated loans to customers      44,838,578         44,273,101 
 Overdrafts                            169,273            256,693 
 
 
 Total loans and advances to 
  customers, gross                  45,007,851         44,529,794 
 
 
 Stage 1                            33,568,106         32,680,532 
 Stage 2                             7,587,259          9,071,322 
 Stage 3                             3,852,486          2,777,940 
 
 
 Total loans and advances to 
  customers, gross                  45,007,851         44,529,794 
 
 
 Less: Allowance for expected 
  credit losses                    (2,361,962)        (1,992,743) 
 
 
 Total loans and advances to 
  customers                         42,645,889         42,537,051 
 
 
   9.             LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (Continued) 

The following tables discloses the changes in the credit loss allowance and gross carrying amount for loans and advances to corporate customers between the beginning and the end of the reporting period:

 
                                  Credit Loss Allowance                          Gross Carrying Amount 
                       ------------------------------------------  ------------------------------------------------- 
                           Stage      Stage      Stage      TOTAL         Stage       Stage      Stage         TOTAL 
                               1          2          3                        1           2          3 
 State and municipal    12-month   Lifetime   Lifetime                 12-month    Lifetime   Lifetime 
 organisations               ECL        ECL        ECL                      ECL         ECL        ECL 
 
 As at 1 January 2022    111,428          -      5,037    116,465    14,246,280           -     32,171    14,278,451 
 
 Movements with 
 impact on credit 
 loss allowance 
 charge for the 
 period: 
 Changes in the gross 
 carrying 
 amount 
 - Transfer from 
  stage 1               (10,543)     10,543          -          -   (1,468,648)   1,468,648          -             - 
 - Transfer from               -          -          -          -             -           -          -             - 
 stage 2 
 - Transfer from               -          -          -          -             -           -          -             - 
 stage 3 
 - Changes in EAD and 
  risk parameters 
  *                     (10,130)    190,612      9,389    189,871   (1,170,418)      44,325      1,277   (1,124,816) 
 New assets issued or 
  acquired                 5,817          -          -      5,817     1,076,587                            1,076,587 
 Matured or 
  derecognized assets 
  (except for write 
  off)                  (10,489)          -    (1,592)   (12,081)   (1,012,024)           -   (11,847)   (1,023,871) 
 Total movements with 
  impact on 
  credit loss 
  allowance charge 
  for 
  the period            (25,345)    201,155      7,797    183,607   (2,574,503)   1,512,973   (10,570)   (1,072,100) 
 Movements without impact on 
 credit loss 
 allowance charge for the 
 period: 
 Recovery of assets            -          -          -          - 
 previously 
 written off                                                                  -           -          -             - 
 Written off assets            -          -          -          -             -           -          -             - 
 Foreign exchange 
  differences                151          -          -        151         3,016         783        348         4,147 
 
 
 Loss allowance for 
  ECL and Gross 
  Carrying 
  as at 30 June 2022 
  (unaudited)             86,234    201,155     12,834    300,223    11,674,793   1,513,756     21,949    13,210,498 
---------------------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ------------  ----------  ---------  ------------ 
 
   9.             LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (Continued) 

The following tables discloses the changes in the credit loss allowance and gross carrying amount for loans and advances to corporate customers between the beginning and the end of the reporting period:

 
                                                   Credit Loss Allowance                                    Gross Carrying Amount 
                                   -----------------------------------------------------   ------------------------------------------------------ 
                                        Stage            Stage       Stage         TOTAL          Stage         Stage       Stage           TOTAL 
                                            1                2           3                            1             2           3 
 Corporate loans                     12-month         Lifetime    Lifetime                     12-month      Lifetime    Lifetime 
                                          ECL              ECL         ECL                          ECL           ECL         ECL 
 
 As at 1 January 2022                 193,862          481,544   1,017,625     1,693,031     14,556,470     8,884,835   2,460,717      25,902,022 
 
 Movements with impact on credit 
 loss 
 allowance charge for the period: 
 Changes in the gross carrying 
 amount 
 - Transfer from stage 1             (31,253)           16,490      14,763             -    (2,270,307)     1,175,250   1,095,057               - 
 - Transfer from stage 2              161,490        (261,811)     100,321             -      2,971,680   (4,376,668)   1,404,988               - 
 - Transfer from stage 3              143,431          151,984   (295,415)             -        488,898       413,686   (902,584)               - 
 - Changes in EAD and risk 
  parameters 
  *                                 (320,802)         (86,763)     806,315       398,750    (2,212,331)       507,673   (149,365)     (1,854,023) 
 New assets issued or acquired        112,087                -           -       112,087      6,218,088             -           -       6,218,088 
 Matured or derecognized assets 
  (except 
  for write off)                     (28,457)         (34,534)   (100,256)     (163,247)    (2,249,670)     (847,494)   (187,526)     (3,284,690) 
 Total movements with impact on 
  credit 
  loss allowance charge for the 
  period                               36,496        (214,634)     525,728       347,590      2,946,358   (3,127,553)   1,260,570       1,079,375 
 Movements without impact on credit loss 
 allowance 
 charge for the period: 
 Recovery of assets previously              -                -           -             - 
 written 
 off                                                                                                  -             -           -               - 
 Written off assets                         -                -    (95,506)      (95,506)              -             -    (95,506)        (95,506) 
 Foreign exchange differences           4,091           10,162      21,625        35,878        321,385        83,409      37,050         441,844 
 
 
 Loss allowance for ECL and Gross 
  Carrying 
  as at 30 June 2022 (unaudited)      234,449          277,072   1,469,472     1,980,993     17,824,213     5,840,691   3,662,831      27,327,735 
---------------------------------  ----------  ---------------  ----------  ------------   ------------  ------------  ----------  -------------- 
 
 
   9.             LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (Continued) 

The following tables discloses the changes in the credit loss allowance and gross carrying amount for loans and advances to corporate customers between the beginning and the end of the reporting period:

 
                                                      Credit Loss Allowance                                 Gross Carrying Amount 
                                        -------------------------------------------------   ---------------------------------------------------- 
                                             Stage      Stage        Stage          TOTAL        Stage       Stage       Stage       TOTAL 
                                                 1          2            3                           1           2           3 
 Loans to individuals                     12-month   Lifetime     Lifetime                    12-month    Lifetime    Lifetime 
                                               ECL        ECL          ECL                         ECL         ECL         ECL 
 
 As at 1 January 2022                       34,193     10,554      138,500        183,247    3,877,782     186,487     285,052   4,349,321 
 
 Movements with impact on credit loss 
  allowance charge for the period: 
 Changes in the gross carrying amount 
 - Transfer from stage 1                   (1,604)      1,202          402              -    (181,981)     136,337      45,644           - 
 - Transfer from stage 2                     5,517    (7,259)        1,742              -       94,520   (125,777)      31,257           - 
 - Transfer from stage 3                    20,442     26,643     (47,085)              -       48,667      61,921   (110,588)           - 
 - Changes in EAD and risk parameters 
  *                                       (42,308)   (23,658)        4,528       (61,438)    (285,837)    (11,909)    (27,332)   (325,078) 
 New assets issued or acquired               3,812                                  3,812      767,034                             767,034 
 Matured or derecognized assets 
  (except 
  for write off)                           (2,214)      (637)     (13,644)       (16,495)    (251,085)    (14,247)    (27,947)   (293,279) 
 Total movements with impact on credit 
  loss allowance charge for the period    (16,355)    (3,709)     (54,057)       (74,121)      191,318      46,325    (88,966)           148,677 
 Movements without impact on credit loss allowance 
  charge for the period: 
 Recovery of assets previously written           -          -            -              -            -           -           -           - 
  off 
 Written off assets                              -          -     (28,380)       (28,380)            -           -    (28,380)    (28,380) 
 Foreign exchange differences                    -          -            -              -            -           -           -           - 
 
 
 Loss allowance for ECL and Gross 
  Carrying 
  as at 30 June 2022 (unaudited)            17,838      6,845       56,063         80,746    4,069,100     232,812     167,706   4,469,618 
--------------------------------------  ----------  ---------  -----------  -------------   ----------  ----------  ----------  ---------- 
 
 

*The line "Changes in EAD and risk parameters" under columns related to Gross Carrying Amount represents changes in the gross carrying amount of loans issued in prior periods which have not been fully repaid during the reporting period and transfers of new issued loans between stages.

*The line "Changes in EAD and risk parameters" under columns related to Credit Loss Allowance represents changes in risk parameters (PD, LGD), changes in EAD and adjustment of ECL due to transfer to new stages, as well as transfers of ECL on new loans originated during the reporting period from Stage 1 to other stages. The information on transfers above reflects the migration of loans from their initial stage (or the stage as at the beginning of the reporting date) to the stage they were in as at the reporting date. This information does not reflect the intermediate stage that the loans could be assigned to throughout the reporting period. *The line "Changes in EAD and risk parameters" under columns related to Gross Carrying Amount represents changes in the gross carrying amount of loans issued in prior periods which have not been fully repaid during 2021 and transfers of new issued loans between stages.

   9.             LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (Continued) 

The following table discloses the changes in the credit loss allowance and gross carrying amount for loans and advances to corporate customers between the 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2021:

 
                                   Credit Loss Allowance                               Gross Carrying Amount 
                     ------------------------------------------------  ----------------------------------------------------- 
                        Stage 1        Stage       Stage        TOTAL          Stage         Stage      Stage          TOTAL 
                                           2           3                           1             2          3 
 State and             12-month     Lifetime    Lifetime                    12-month      Lifetime   Lifetime 
 municipal                  ECL          ECL         ECL                         ECL           ECL        ECL 
 organisations 
 
 As at 1 January 
  2021                   57,409       61,835       9,713      128,957      7,866,977     6,658,143     37,412     14,562,532 
 
 Movements with 
 impact on credit 
 loss allowance 
 charge for the 
 period: 
 Changes in the 
 gross carrying 
 amount 
 - Transfer from 
  stage 1                  (19)            -          19            -       (25,941)             -     25,941              - 
 - Transfer from 
  stage 2                51,435     (51,435)           -            -      5,327,666   (5,327,666)          -              - 
 - Transfer from 
  stage 3                 1,309            -     (1,309)            -          1,674             -    (1,674)              - 
 - Change in EAD 
  and risk 
  parameters*          (22,458)      (1,260)       4,413     (19,305)    (1,104,933)      (73,172)   (14,545)    (1,192,650) 
 New assets issued 
  or acquired            27,164            -           -       27,164      3,258,046             -          -      3,258,046 
 Matured or 
  derecognized 
  assets 
  (except for write 
  off)                  (4,990)     (10,400)     (7,799)     (23,189)    (1,307,340)   (1,330,477)   (34,563)    (2,672,380) 
 Total movements 
  with impact on 
  credit loss 
  allowance charge 
  for 
  the period             52,441     (63,095)     (4,676)     (15,330)      6,149,172   (6,731,315)   (24,841)      (606,984) 
 Movements without impact on 
 credit loss allowance 
 charge for the period: 
 Recovery of assets           -            -           -            - 
 previously written 
 off                                                                               -             -          -              - 
 Written off assets           -            -           -            -              -             -          -              - 
 Foreign exchange 
  differences             1,578        1,260           -        2,838        230,131        73,172     19,600        322,903 
 
 
 Loss allowance for 
  ECL and Gross 
  Carrying 
  as at 31 December 
  2021                  111,428            -       5,037      116,465     14,246,280             -     32,171     14,278,451 
-------------------  ----------  -----------  ----------  -----------  -------------  ------------  ---------  ------------- 
 
   9.             LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (Continued) 

The following table discloses the changes in the credit loss allowance and gross carrying amount for loans and advances to corporate customers between the 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2021:

 
                                    Credit Loss Allowance                                 Gross Carrying Amount 
                     --------------------------------------------------  ------------------------------------------------------ 
                          Stage       Stage         Stage         TOTAL         Stage         Stage         Stage         TOTAL 
                              1           2             3                           1             2             3 
 Corporate loans       12-month    Lifetime      Lifetime                    12-month      Lifetime      Lifetime 
                            ECL         ECL           ECL                         ECL           ECL           ECL 
 
 As at 1 January 
  2021                  113,170     134,583     1,302,461     1,550,214    14,751,901     4,950,505     2,235,765    21,938,171 
 
 Movements with 
 impact on credit 
 loss allowance 
 charge for the 
 period: 
 Changes in the 
 gross carrying 
 amount 
 - Transfer from 
  stage 1              (29,292)      20,152         9,140             -   (3,863,755)     2,686,846     1,176,909             - 
 - Transfer from 
  stage 2                31,101    (59,515)        28,414             -       934,919   (1,699,391)       764,472             - 
 - Transfer from 
  stage 3                75,976     761,008     (836,984)             -       112,400     1,230,420   (1,342,820)             - 
 - Change in EAD 
  and risk 
  parameters*         (252,694)   (377,789)     1,082,857       452,374   (4,168,431)     2,608,458       538,287   (1,021,686) 
 New assets issued 
  or acquired           273,146           -             -       273,146     9,933,457             -             -     9,933,457 
 Matured or 
  derecognized 
  assets 
  (except for write 
  off)                 (21,367)    (11,064)     (263,708)     (296,139)   (3,218,934)     (915,822)     (577,873)   (4,712,629) 
 Total movements 
  with impact on 
  credit loss 
  allowance charge 
  for 
  the period             76,870     332,792        19,719       429,381     (270,344)     3,910,511       558,975     4,199,142 
 Movements without impact on 
 credit loss 
 allowance charge 
 for the period: 
 Recovery of assets 
  previously 
  written 
  off                         -           -         5,707         5,707             -             -         5,707         5,707 
 Written off assets           -           -     (346,110)     (346,110)             -             -     (346,110)     (346,110) 
 Foreign exchange 
  differences             3,822      14,169        35,848        53,839        74,913        23,819         6,380       105,112 
 
 
 Loss allowance for 
  ECL and Gross 
  Carrying as at 31 
  December 2021         193,862     481,544     1,017,625     1,693,031    14,556,470     8,884,835     2,460,717    25,902,022 
-------------------  ----------  ----------  ------------  ------------  ------------  ------------  ------------  ------------ 
 
   9.             LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (Continued) 

The following table discloses the changes in the credit loss allowance and gross carrying amount for loans and advances to corporate customers between the 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2021:

 
                            Credit Loss Allowance                              Gross Carrying Amount 
                ---------------------------------------------  ----------------------------------------------------- 
                    Stage       Stage       Stage       TOTAL         Stage         Stage        Stage         TOTAL 
                        1           2           3                         1             2            3 
 Loans to        12-month    Lifetime    Lifetime                  12-month      Lifetime     Lifetime 
 individuals          ECL         ECL         ECL                       ECL           ECL          ECL 
 
 As at 1 
  January 2021     21,179      19,047     183,318     223,544     3,582,749       361,561      417,660     4,361,970 
 
 Movements 
 with impact 
 on credit 
 loss 
 allowance 
 charge for 
 the period: 
 Changes in 
 the gross 
 carrying 
 amount 
 - Transfer 
  from stage 1    (1,278)         616         662           -     (215,002)       103,543      111,459             - 
 - Transfer 
  from stage 2     11,377    (15,290)       3,913           -       217,446     (285,998)       68,552             - 
 - Transfer 
  from stage 3     53,719      19,413    (73,132)           -       124,708        45,260    (169,968)             - 
 - Changes in 
  EAD and risk 
  parameters 
  *              (70,210)    (12,026)     138,413      56,177     (374,211)       (8,641)       58,303     (324,549) 
 New assets 
  issued or 
  acquired         23,930           -           -      23,930     1,303,052             -            -     1,303,052 
 Matured or 
  derecognized 
  assets 
  (except 
  for write 
  off)            (4,524)     (1,206)    (67,491)    (73,221)     (760,960)      (29,238)    (153,771)     (943,969) 
 Total 
  movements 
  with impact 
  on credit 
  loss 
  allowance 
  charge for 
  the period       13,014     (8,493)       2,365       6,886       295,033     (175,074)     (85,425)        34,534 
 Movements without impact 
 on credit loss allowance 
 charge for the period: 
 Recovery of 
  assets 
  previously 
  written 
  off                   -           -       1,270       1,270             -             -        1,270         1,270 
 Written off 
  assets                -           -    (48,453)    (48,453)             -             -     (48,453)      (48,453) 
 Foreign                -           -           -           -             -             -            -             - 
 exchange 
 differences 
 
 
 Loss 
  allowance 
  for ECL and 
  Gross 
  Carrying 
  as at 31 
  December 
  2021             34,193      10,554     138,500     183,247     3,877,782       186,487      285,052     4,349,321 
--------------  ---------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ------------  ------------  -----------  ------------ 
 
   9.             LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (Continued) 

Economic sector risk concentrations within the loans and advances to customer are as follows:

 
                                30 June 2022            31 December 
                                 (unaudited)                   2021 
                               -------------  -----  --------------  ------- 
                                      Amount      %          Amount        % 
-----------------------------  -------------  -----  --------------  ------- 
 
 Manufacturing                    16,521,074    37%      15,849,755      36% 
 Oil and gas & chemicals          10,163,500    23%      10,704,331      24% 
 Trade and Services                4,876,794    11%       4,441,329      10% 
 Individuals                       4,469,618    10%       4,349,321      10% 
 Agriculture                       3,635,655     8%       3,745,481       8% 
 Energy                            1,480,486     3%       2,176,801       5% 
 Transport and communication       2,595,461     6%       2,367,542       5% 
 Construction                      1,265,263     3%         895,234       2% 
 
 
 Total loans and advances 
  to customers, gross             45,007,851   100%      44,529,794     100% 
 
 
 Less: Allowance for 
  expected credit losses         (2,361,962)            (1,992,743) 
 
 
 Total loans and advances 
  to customers                    42,645,889             42,537,051 
-----------------------------  -------------  -----  --------------  ------- 
 

As at 30 June 2022 (unaudited), the Group granted loans to 12 (31 December 2021: 13) borrowers in the amount of UZS 14,666,464 million (31 December 2021: UZS 15,396,167 million), which individually exceeded 10% of the Group's equity.

Information about loans and advances to individuals as at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) and 31 December 2021 are as follows:

 
                                 30 June 2022   31 December 2021 
                                  (unaudited) 
------------------------------  -------------  ----------------- 
 
 Mortgage                           3,304,332          3,314,059 
 Microloan                            591,818            464,727 
 Car Loan                             532,404            448,949 
 Consumer Loans                        23,232            110,161 
 Other                                 17,832             11,425 
 
 
 Total loans and advances to 
  individuals, gross                4,469,618          4,349,321 
 
 
 Less: Allowance for expected 
  credit losses                      (80,746)          (183,247) 
 
 
 Total loans and advances to 
  individuals                       4,388,872          4,166,074 
 
 

Information about collateral and other credit enhancement as at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) are as follows:

 
                                      State and     Corporate       Loans to 
                                      municipal         loans    individuals 
                                  organisations 
------------------------------  ---------------  ------------  -------------  ------------ 
 
 Loans guaranteed by letters 
  of surety                           2,451,066     9,858,739        914,531    13,224,336 
 Loans guaranteed by state 
  guarantees                          7,141,695             -              -     7,141,695 
 Not collateralised                     206,778             -        167,117       373,895 
 Loans collateralised 
  by: 
  Real estate                           146,184     6,835,834      2,747,480     9,729,498 
  Equipment                             519,442     4,436,811              -     4,956,253 
  Inventory and receivables           1,492,202     2,560,891         39,502     4,092,595 
  Insurance policy                       13,057     3,237,369        453,712     3,704,138 
  Cash deposits                       1,025,796        20,436          2,991     1,049,223 
  Vehicles                               72,472       377,655        144,285       594,412 
  Equity securities                     141,806             -              -       141,806 
 
 
 Total loans and advances 
  to customers, gross                13,210,498    27,327,735      4,469,618    45,007,851 
 
 
 Less: Allowance for expected 
  credit losses                       (300,223)   (1,980,993)       (80,746)   (2,361,962) 
 
 
 Total loans and advances 
  to customers                       12,910,275    25,346,742      4,388,872    42,645,889 
 
 
   9.             LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (Continued) 

Information about collateral and other credit enhancement as at 31 December 2021 are as follows:

 
                                      State and          Corporate       Loans to 
                                      municipal              loans    individuals 
                                  organisations 
------------------------------  ---------------  -----------------  -------------  -------------- 
 
 Loans guaranteed by letters 
  of surety                           2,504,049          8,983,059        599,579      12,086,687 
 Loans guaranteed by state 
  guarantees                          7,314,269                  -              -       7,314,269 
  Not collateralised                    185,749                  -        320,336         506,085 
 Loans collateralised 
  by: 
  Real estate                           136,130          7,334,729      2,844,909      10,315,768 
  Equipment                             679,990          4,459,284              -       5,139,274 
  Inventory and receivables           2,213,930          1,657,871        181,650       4,053,451 
  Insurance policy                       11,817          3,040,375        263,634       3,315,826 
  Cash deposits                         993,410             22,440          3,246       1,019,096 
  Vehicles                               88,134            404,264        135,967         628,365 
  Equity securities                     150,973                  -              -         150,973 
 
 
 Total loans and advances 
  to customers, gross                14,278,451         25,902,022      4,349,321      44,529,794 
 
 
 Less: Allowance for expected 
  credit losses                       (116,465)        (1,693,031)      (183,247)     (1,992,743) 
 
 
 Total loans and advances 
  to customers                       14,161,986         24,208,991      4,166,074      42,537,051 
 
 

Analysis by credit quality of loans and advances to customers that are collectively and individually assessed for impairment as at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) is as follows :

 
                                        State and     Corporate             Loans         Total 
                                        municipal         loans    to individuals 
                                    organisations 
--------------------------------  ---------------  ------------  ----------------  ------------ 
 
 Loans assessed for impairment 
  on a collective basis (gross) 
 Not past due loans                    11,674,792    22,786,040         3,824,547    38,285,379 
 Past due loans                                 -             -                 - 
 - less than 30 days overdue               37,879     1,564,554           490,161     2,092,594 
 - 31 to 90 days overdue                   18,269       885,403           115,360     1,019,032 
 - 91 to 180 days overdue               1,479,558       442,604            23,896     1,946,058 
 - 181 to 360 days overdue                      -       191,877            10,095       201,972 
 - over 360 days overdue                        -        11,187             5,559        16,746 
 
 
 Total loans assessed for 
  impairment on a collective 
  basis, gross                         13,210,498    25,881,665         4,469,618    43,561,781 
 
 
 Loans individually determined 
  to be impaired (gross): 
 Restructured loans                             -     1,446,070                 -     1,446,070 
 Not past due loans                             -     1,029,986                 -     1,029,986 
 Past due loans                                 -       122,431                 -       122,431 
 1-30 days                                      -       293,653                 -       293,653 
 
 
 Total loans individually 
  determined to be impaired, 
  gross                                         -     1,446,070                 -     1,446,070 
 
 
 - Impairment provisions for 
  individually impaired loans                   -     (367,647)                 -     (367,647) 
 - Impairment provisions 
  assessed on a collective 
  basis                                 (300,223)   (1,613,346)          (80,746)   (1,994,315) 
 
 
 Less: Allowance for expected 
  credit losses                         (300,223)   (1,980,993)          (80,746)   (2,361,962) 
 
 
 Total loans and advances 
  to customers                         12,910,275    25,346,742         4,388,872    42,645,889 
--------------------------------  ---------------  ------------  ----------------  ------------ 
 
 
   9.             LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (Continued) 

Analysis by credit quality of loans and advances to customers that are collectively and individually assessed for impairment as at 31 December 2021 is as follows :

 
 31 December 2021                         State and     Corporate             Loans          Total 
                                          municipal         loans    to individuals 
                                      organisations 
---------------------------------  ----------------  ------------  ----------------  ------------- 
 
 Loans assessed for impairment 
  on a collective basis (gross) 
 Not past due loans                      14,246,999    23,156,242         3,840,673     41,243,914 
 Past due loans                                   -             -                 -              - 
 - less than 30 days overdue                 27,616       949,697           185,401      1,162,714 
 - 31 to 90 days overdue                      2,471       539,388            87,801        629,660 
 - 91 to 180 days overdue                         -       271,438            72,755        344,193 
 - 181 to 360 days overdue                    1,365       376,143           128,524        506,032 
 - over 360 days overdue                          -        40,486            34,167         74,653 
 
 
 Total loans assessed for 
  impairment on a collective 
  basis, gross                           14,278,451    25,333,394         4,349,321     43,961,166 
 
 
 Loans individually determined 
  to be impaired (gross): 
 Restructured loans                               -       568,628                 -        568,628 
 Not past due loans                               -       422,936                 -        422,936 
 Past due loans                                   -             -                 -              - 
 1-30 days                                        -             -                 -              - 
 31-90 days                                       -        72,759                 -         72,759 
 91-180 days                                      -        72,933                 -         72,933 
 181-360 days                                     -             -                 -              - 
 
 
 Total loans individually 
  determined to be impaired, 
  gross                                           -       568,628                 -        568,628 
 
 
 - Impairment provisions for 
  individually impaired loans                     -     (182,745)                 -      (182,745) 
 - Impairment provisions 
  assessed on a collective basis          (116,465)   (1,510,286)         (183,247)    (1,809,998) 
 
 
 Less: Allowance for expected 
  credit losses                           (116,465)   (1,693,031)         (183,247)    (1,992,743) 
 
 
 Total loans and advances to 
  customers                              14,161,986    24,208,991         4,166,074     42,537,051 
 
 
   9.             LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (Continued) 

The credit quality of loans to customers carried at amortised cost is as follows at 30 June 2022:

 
                                         Stage 1       Stage              Stage 3      Total 
                                                           2 
                                                                                   ------------ 
                                      (12-months   (lifetime            (lifetime 
                                            ECL)     ECL for              ECL for 
 30 June 2022 (unaudited)                              SICR)    credit im-paired) 
-----------------------------------  -----------  ----------  -------------------  ------------ 
 
 Corporate loans 
 Standard                             17,631,738   3,748,209               19,594    21,399,541 
 Substandard                             167,373   2,089,472            2,039,064     4,295,909 
 Unsatisfactory                           25,104       2,283            1,317,159     1,344,546 
 Doubtful                                      -         725              283,788       284,513 
 Loss                                          -           -                3,226         3,226 
 
 
 Gross carrying amount                17,824,215   5,840,689            3,662,831    27,327,735 
 Credit loss allowance                 (234,448)   (277,072)          (1,469,473)   (1,980,993) 
 
 
 Carrying amount                      17,589,767   5,563,617            2,193,358    25,346,742 
 
 State and municipal organisations 
 Standard                             11,674,791           -                    -    11,674,791 
 Substandard                                   -   1,513,757                    -     1,513,757 
 Unsatisfactory                                -           -               21,950        21,950 
 Doubtful                                      -           -                    -             - 
 Loss                                          -           -                    -             - 
 
 
 Gross carrying amount                11,674,791   1,513,757               21,950    13,210,498 
 Credit loss allowance                  (86,234)   (201,155)             (12,834)     (300,223) 
 
 
 Carrying amount                      11,588,557   1,312,602                9,116    12,910,275 
 
 Loans to individuals 
 Standard                              3,814,388     220,700              159,162     4,194,250 
 Substandard                             145,731       7,883                5,770       159,384 
 Unsatisfactory                           50,655       1,593                1,428        53,676 
 Doubtful                                 34,676       1,065                  648        36,389 
 Loss                                     23,650       1,572                  697        25,919 
 
 
 Gross carrying amount                 4,069,100     232,813              167,705     4,469,618 
 Credit loss allowance                  (17,835)     (6,847)             (56,064)      (80,746) 
 
 
 Carrying amount                       4,051,265     225,966              111,641     4,388,872 
-----------------------------------  -----------  ----------  -------------------  ------------ 
 
   9.             LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (Continued) 

The credit quality of loans to customers carried at amortised cost is as follows at 31 December 2021:

 
                                          Stage 1       Stage         Stage      Total 
                                                            2             3 
                                                                             ------------ 
                                       (12-months   (lifetime     (lifetime 
                                             ECL)     ECL for       ECL for 
                                                        SICR)        credit 
 31 December 2021                                                im-paired) 
------------------------------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  ------------ 
 
  Corporate loans                               ,           ,             ,             , 
 Standard                              14,556,470   6,984,900       138,149    21,679,519 
 Substandard                                    -   1,899,935       741,772     2,641,707 
 Unsatisfactory                                 -           -       890,792       890,792 
 Doubtful                                       -           -       187,119       187,119 
 Loss                                           -           -       502,885       502,885 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
 Gross carrying amount                 14,556,470   8,884,835     2,460,717    25,902,022 
 Credit loss allowance                  (193,862)   (481,544)   (1,017,625)   (1,693,031) 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
 Carrying amount                       14,362,608   8,403,291     1,443,092    24,208,991 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
------------------------------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  ------------ 
  State and municipal organisations             ,           ,             ,             , 
 Standard                              14,246,280           -         4,414    14,250,694 
 Substandard                                    -           -             -             - 
 Unsatisfactory                                 -           -        22,256        22,256 
 Doubtful                                       -           -         4,136         4,136 
 Loss                                           -           -         1,365         1,365 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
 Gross carrying amount                 14,246,280           -        32,171    14,278,451 
 Credit loss allowance                  (111,428)           -       (5,037)     (116,465) 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
 Carrying amount                       14,134,852           -        27,134    14,161,986 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
------------------------------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  ------------ 
 Loans to individuals                           ,           ,             ,             , 
 Standard                               3,877,782     106,616        49,809     4,034,207 
 Substandard                                    -      79,871        55,966       135,837 
 Unsatisfactory                                 -           -        40,105        40,105 
 Doubtful                                       -           -        34,015        34,015 
 Loss                                           -           -       105,157       105,157 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
 Gross carrying amount                  3,877,782     186,487       285,052     4,349,321 
 Credit loss allowance                   (34,193)    (10,554)     (138,500)     (183,247) 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
                                                ,           ,             ,             , 
------------------------------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  ------------ 
 Carrying amount                        3,843,589     175,933       146,552     4,166,074 
------------------------------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  ------------ 
 
   9.             LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (Continued) 

The extent to which collateral and other credit enhancements mitigate credit risk for financial assets carried at amortised cost that are credit impaired, is presented by disclosing collateral values separately for (i) those assets where collateral and other credit enhancements are equal to or exceed carrying value of the asset ("over-collateralised assets") and (ii) those assets where collateral and other credit enhancements are less than the carrying value of the asset ("under-collateralised assets"). The effect of collateral on credit impaired assets at 30 June 2022 and 31 December 2021 are as follows.

 
                                                 30 June 2022 (unaudited) 
                                    Over-collateralised           Under-collateralised 
                               ----------------------------  ----------------------------- 
                                    Carrying       Value of   Carrying Value      Value of 
                                    Value of     Collateral    of the Assets    Collateral 
                                  the Assets 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 
 Credit Impared Assets 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 
 Loans to Corporate 
  and State Companies 
  carried at AC 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 
 Manufacturing                             -              -        1 571 958       940 655 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Oil and gas & Chemicals                   -              -        1 076 410       453 514 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Agriculture                               -              -          465 964       210 820 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Trade and services                        -              -          365 151       175 239 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Construction                              -              -          141 426        61 099 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Transport and communication               -              -           63 871        32 906 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 
 Loans to Individuals 
  carried at AC 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 
 Mortgage                                  -              -          128 803        99 578 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Microloan                                 -              -           18 447         5 445 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Car Loan                                  -              -            8 823         4 834 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Consumer Loans                            -              -            8 199         4 207 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Other                                     -              -            2 335             - 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Student Loan                              -              -            1 098           799 
                               -------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 
 
                                                      31 December 2021 
                                     Over-collateralised             Under-collateralised 
                               -------------------------------  ----------------------------- 
                                 Carrying Value       Value of   Carrying Value      Value of 
                                  of the Assets     Collateral    of the Assets    Collateral 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 
 Credit Impared Assets 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 
 Loans to Corporate and 
  State Companies carried 
  at AC 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 
 Manufacturing                                -              -        1,180,611       625,964 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Agriculture                                  -              -          472,300       210,571 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Trade                                        -              -          278,063       187,710 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Services                                     -              -          229,670        81,102 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Oil and gas & Chemicals                      -              -          142,065       120,948 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Construction                                 -              -          129,769        68,944 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Transport and communication                  -              -           60,411        44,826 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 
 Loans to Individuals 
  carried at AC 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 
 Mortgage                                     -              -          212,408       165,451 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Microloan                                    -              -           28,729             2 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Consumer Loans                               -              -           26,616         2,917 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Car Loan                                     -              -           16,346         6,768 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 Other                                        -              -              953           348 
                               ----------------  -------------  ---------------  ------------ 
 
 
   10.          INVESTMENT SECURITIES MEASURED AT AMORTISED COST 
 
                         Currency       Annual    EIR              Maturity             30 June   31 December 
                                       coupon/      %       date month/year    2022 (unaudited)          2021 
                                      interest 
                                          rate 
                                             % 
----------------------  ----------  ----------  -----  --------------------  ------------------  ------------ 
 
                                          19 -   19 -   July 2022-September 
 CBU Bonds                  UZS             22     22                  2022             934,559       771,384 
                                          14 -   14 -     August 2022-March 
 Government Bonds           UZS             14     15                  2024             383,231       289,361 
                                          18 -   18 -            June 2023- 
 Corporate bonds            UZS             22     22             July 2026               8,409         8,400 
 
 
 Less: Allowance 
  for expected credit 
  losses                                                                                (2,375)       (1,633) 
 
 
 Total investment 
  securities measured 
  at amortised cost                                                                   1,323,824     1,067,512 
 
 

Analysis by credit quality of investment securities measured at amortised costs at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) is as follows:

 
                                    CBU     Government   Corporate       Total 
                                   Bonds       Bonds       Bonds 
-------------------------------  --------  -----------  ----------  ---------- 
 
 Neither past due nor impaired 
 - Rated BB-                      934,559      383,231           -   1,317,790 
 - Rated B2                             -            -       2,621       2,621 
 - Unrated                              -            -       5,788       5,788 
 
 
 Less: Allowance for expected 
  credit losses                     (513)      (1,757)       (105)     (2,375) 
 
 
 Total investment securities 
  measured at amortised cost      934,046      381,474       8,304   1,323,824 
 
 

Analysis by credit quality of investment securities measured at amortised costs at and 31 December 2021 is as follows:

 
 31 December 2021                  CBU     Government   Corporate     Total 
                                  Bonds       Bonds       Bonds 
------------------------------  --------  -----------  ----------  ---------- 
 
 
 - Rated BB-                     289,361      771,384       5,789   1,066,534 
 - Rated B2                            -            -       2,611       2,611 
 
 
 Less: Allowance for expected 
  credit losses                  (1,071)        (453)       (109)     (1,633) 
 
 
 Total investment securities 
  measured at amortised cost     288,290      770,931       8,291   1,067,512 
 
 

At 30 June 2022 (unaudited), the Group holds government bonds of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the quantity of 338,321 (31 December 2021: 288,970) with nominal value of UZS 1,000,000 and coupon

rate of   14-19% p.a. (31 December 2021: 14-16% p.a.). 

At 30 June 2022, the Group holds bonds of the CBU in the amount of UZS 934,559 million at 19% p.a. coupon rate.

At 30 June 2022, the Group holds 1 156 bonds of Uzmetkombinat with nominal value of UZS 5,000,000.

At 30 June 2022, the subsidiary PSB Insurance LLC holds corporate bonds of JSCB "Asia Alliance Bank" in quantity 2,500 with nominal value of UZS 1,000,000 and coupon rate of CBU refinancing rate (14%) + 4% p.a.

   11.           PREMISES, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

In 2019, the Group has arranged a contract with construction company Shanghai Construction Group Co. Ltd on design and construction of the Headquarters for Group in the amount of USD 136.5 million. As at 30 June 2022 (unaudited), in accordance with the contract, the Group invested USD 83.613 million (equivalent to UZS 894 781 million) of which UZS 889,099 million was recorded in CIP.

   11.          PREMISES, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Continued) 

As at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) and 31 December 2021, premises and equipment of the Group were not pledged.

   12.          DUE TO OTHER BANKS 
 
                                         30 June 2022   31 December 
                                          (unaudited)          2021 
--------------------------------------  -------------  ------------ 
 
 Short term placements of other banks       2,489,972       613,405 
 Long term placements of other banks          499,267       492,583 
 Correspondent accounts and overnight 
  placements of other banks                   549,931       286,989 
 
 
 Total due to other banks                   3,539,170     1,392,977 
 
 

Short term placements of other banks increased due to attracting 200 mln USD (2,172,050 millon equivalent UZS) deposit from Gazprombank Russia.

Refer to Note 22 for the disclosure of the fair value of due to other banks. Information on related party balances is disclosed in Note 25.

   13.          CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS 
 
                                   30 June 2022 (unaudited)   31 December 2021 
--------------------------------  -------------------------  ----------------- 
 
 State and public organisations 
 - Current/settlement accounts                    3,131,866          4,148,013 
 - Term deposits                                  4,343,403          3,019,115 
                                                          , 
 Other legal entities 
 - Current/settlement accounts                    3,193,578          2,378,852 
 - Term deposits                                    500,333            711,774 
                                                          , 
 Individuals 
 - Current/demand accounts                          277,518            949,191 
 - Term deposits                                  1,738,860          2,354,595 
 
 
 Total customer accounts                         13,185,558         13,561,540 
 
 

Economic sector concentrations within customer accounts are as follows:

 
                              30 June 2022 (unaudited)     31 December 2021 
                           ---------------------------  ------------------- 
                                       Amount        %        Amount      % 
-------------------------  ------------------  -------  ------------  ----- 
 
 Public administration              4,158,143      32%     3,120,451    23% 
 Oil and gas                        2,135,559      16%     2,615,793    19% 
 Manufacturing                      2,107,181      16%     1,592,246    12% 
 Individuals                        2,016,378      15%     3,303,786    24% 
 Energy                               896,382       7%       768,794     6% 
 Trade                                642,718       5%       291,532     2% 
 Finance                              587,299       4%       631,942     5% 
 Services                             202,063       2%       336,840     2% 
 Construction                         141,673       2%       299,667     2% 
 Engineering                          127,103       1%       135,083     1% 
 Agriculture                           60,969       0%        79,929     1% 
 Transportation                        51,654       0%        52,233     1% 
 Medicine                              33,200       0%        17,679     0% 
 Communication                         16,298       0%       261,931     2% 
 Mining                                 6,867       0%        48,056     0% 
 Other                                  2,071       0%         5,578     0% 
 
 
 Total customer accounts           13,185,558     100%    13,561,540   100% 
 
 

As at 30 June 2022 (unaudited), the Group had two (31 December 2021: two) customers with a total balance UZS 4,593,303 million (31 December 2021: UZS 4,208,043 million), which individually exceeded 10% of the Group's equity.

   13.         CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS (Continued) 

Significant change in current account balances of State and public organizations is associated with payments made by two large state owned enterprises operating in Oil and gas sector to their counterparties.

Significant change in Other legal entities is associated with increase in balances of the Group's clients operating in Oil an gas sector within their normal course of the business activities.

Refer to Note 22 for the disclosure of the fair value of customer accounts. Information on related party balances is disclosed in Note 25.

   14.          OTHER BORROWED FUNDS 
 
                                            30 June 2022   31 December 2021 
                                             (unaudited) 
-----------------------------------------  -------------  ----------------- 
 
 International financial institutions 
 China EXIMBANK                                4,968,867          5,102,508 
 CREDIT Suisse                                 3,084,652          2,912,645 
 International Bank of Reconstruction 
  and Development                              1,434,506          1,430,444 
 Commerzbank AG                                1,424,113          1,480,096 
 Landesbank Baden-Wuerttemberg                 1,224,446            833,390 
 ICBC (London) plc                             1,210,859          1,482,801 
 Daryo Finance B.V.                              960,342            965,082 
 European Bank for Reconstruction 
  and Development                                915,022          1,112,670 
 Russia EXIMBANK                                 883,663            986,473 
 Asian Development Bank                          789,633            631,199 
 China Development Bank                          615,870            715,507 
 Promsvyazbank PJSC                              608,094          1,122,664 
 International Development Association 
  of World Bank                                  578,980            592,900 
 Raiffeisen Bank International AG                503,979            495,013 
 Citibank Europe PLC                             487,200                  - 
 UniCredit                                       408,309            216,711 
 Japan International Cooperation 
  Agency (JICA)                                  337,706            347,869 
 VTB BANK EUROPE                                 312,664            990,079 
 AK Bars Bank                                    231,884            291,701 
 Turk EXIMBANK                                   177,058            218,224 
 Gazprombank                                     173,126            255,774 
 Credit Bank of Moscow                           119,227            472,254 
 Baobab Securities Limited                       117,141            166,135 
 Halyk Savings Bank of Kazakhstan 
  JSC                                            118,788             74,637 
 OJSB Transcapitalbank                           110,029            108,402 
 OPEC Fund for International Development          87,732            131,115 
 Korea EXIMBANK                                   77,094             94,936 
 JPMorgan Chase                                   60,783             67,802 
 Bereke Bank Kazakhstan                           60,012              7,183 
 PJSC "Sovcombank"                                55,562             44,692 
 AKA Ausfuhrkredit-Gesellschaft 
  mbH                                             41,233            195,044 
 KfW IPEX-Bank                                    40,270             48,516 
 ODDO BHF                                         34,412             28,247 
 The Export-Import Bank of the Republic 
  of China                                        31,999             35,699 
 BANCA POPOLARE DI SONDRIO                        28,434                  - 
 John Deere                                       21,824             29,389 
 International Finance Corporation                 7,944              1,603 
 International Fund for Agricultural 
  Development                                      2,022              2,138 
 Citibank N.A. ADGM                                    -            442,321 
 Sberbank Europe AG                                    -            108,598 
 European Merchant Bank UAB                            -             25,066 
 Financial institutions of Uzbekistan 
 Long term borrowings from Ministry 
  of Finance                                   3,918,824          3,498,702 
 Fund for Reconstruction and Development 
  of Uzbekistan                                1,486,981          1,778,851 
 Uzbekistan Mortgage Refinancing 
  Company (UzMRC)                                343,229            225,058 
 Export Promotion Agency under MIFT              218,632            174,623 
 KDB Bank Uzbekistan                             108,764             93,197 
 Young Entrepreneurs Support Fund 
  under MIFT                                      12,156              7,538 
 Long term borrowings from CBU                    10,864             63,314 
 Preference Shares                                10,127             10,752 
 Khokimiyat of Tashkent Region                     4,252              5,793 
 Other                                             5,453              5,421 
 
 
 Total other borrowed funds                   28,464,761         30,130,776 
 
 
 
 
   14.        OTHER BORROWED FUNDS (Continued) 

On 8 June 2022 the Group and Mashreqbank PSC has signed an Agreement on attracting the Credit line facility in the amount of USD 15 million. The facility is to be used to finance the purchase of oil and gas products and spare parts for engine production. The maturity period of the loan is 12 months.

Further on 14 June 2022 the Group and Landesbank Hessen-Thüringen (Helaba) has signed an Agreement on attracting the Credit line facility to be utilized to purchase capital goods from European Union countries. The loan maturity period is defined as 10 years.

On 6 June 2022 the Group has received the Trade finance from Banca Popolare Di Sondrio in the amount of USD 2.7 million with the purpose of the Group client's working capital replenishment.

On 11 May 2022 the Group and Citibank Europe PLC has signed Continuing Agreement for reimbursement of Trade advances. In year 2022 the amount of USD 42,6 million were called by the Group.

As of 30 June 2022 (unaudited) the Group was in compliance with all covenants including the covenants related to issued Eurobonds.

The maturity analysis is disclosed in Note 24. Refer to Note 22 for disclosure of the fair value of other borrowed funds and Note 25 for information on related party balances.

   15.          Subordinated debt 
 
                              Currency     Maturity     Nominal   Effective             30 June   31 December 
                                               date    interest    interest    2022 (unaudited)          2021 
                                                           rate      rate % 
                                                              % 
--------------------------  ----------  -----------  ----------  ----------  ------------------  ------------ 
 
 Subordinated debt 
  of 
  Fund for Reconstruction 
  and Development 
  of Uzbekistan                USD-UZS    2028-2041       5%-9%   5%-9,21%              327,641       101,771 
 
 
 Total subordinated 
  debt                                                                                  327,641       101,771 
 
 

Refer to Note 22 for the disclosure of the fair value of subordinated debt and Note 25 for information on related party balances.

   16.          INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE 
 
                                                      Six months      Six months 
                                                           ended           ended 
                                                    30 June 2022    30 June 2021 
                                                     (unaudited)     (unaudited) 
------------------------------------------------  --------------  -------------- 
 
 Interest income calculated using the 
  effective interest method 
 Interest income on assets recorded at 
  amortised cost comprises: 
    Interest on loans and advances to customers        2,102,206       1,794,326 
    Interest on investment securities measured 
     at amortised cost                                   111,607          68,533 
    Interest on balances due from other 
     banks                                                97,896          65,128 
                                                                               , 
------------------------------------------------  --------------  -------------- 
                                                                               , 
 Total interest income calculated using 
  the effective interest method                        2,311,709       1,927,987 
                                                                               , 
------------------------------------------------  --------------  -------------- 
                                                                               , 
 Other similar income                                                          , 
 Finance lease receivables                                16,657          17,323 
 
 Total other similar income                               16,657          17,323 
------------------------------------------------  --------------  -------------- 
                                                               ,               , 
 Interest expense 
 Interest expense on liabilities recorded 
  at amortised cost comprises: 
    Interest on other borrowed funds                   (682,142)       (607,659) 
    Interest on customer accounts                      (358,810)       (231,849) 
    Interest on debt securities in issue               (112,989)       (104,164) 
    Interest on balances due to other banks             (35,665)        (36,706) 
    Interest on subordinated debt                        (4,324)         (2,649) 
 
 
 Total interest expense                              (1,193,930)       (983,027) 
 
 Net interest income before provision 
  on loans and advances to customers                   1,117,779         944,960 
                                                               ,               , 
------------------------------------------------  --------------  -------------- 
 

Significant change in interest income on loan and advances to customers is associated with the increase in the Group's loan portfolio during six months of 2022, which in its turn is associated with the gradual improvements of the economic situation and business activity in Uzbekistan caused by post COVID-19 restrictions release.

   16.          INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE (Continued) 

Significant change in interest income on investment securities measured at amortised cost is associated with the significant investments made by the Group in bonds of CBU and Ministry of Finance during six months of 2022.

Significant change in interest income on other borrowed funds is driven by the attraction of additional funds from local and international financial institutions.

   17.          ADMINISTRATIVE AND OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES 
 
                                         Six months ended    Six months ended 
                                             30 June 2022        30 June 2021 
                                              (unaudited)         (unaudited) 
-------------------------------------  ------------------  ------------------ 
 
 Staff costs                                      284,119             253,842 
     Social security costs                         32,433              28,684 
 Total staff costs                                316,552             282,526 
     Loss on Sale or Disposal of                   49,490                   - 
      Fixed assets 
 Depreciation and amortisation                     43,350              34,012 
 Charity expenses                                  25,203              27,150 
 Security services                                 24,571              17,593 
 Taxes other than income tax                       27,164              18,698 
 Membership fees                                   17,650               8,542 
 Stationery and other low value 
  items                                            15,120              11,585 
 Communication expenses                             3,922               5,410 
 Repair and maintenance of buildings                7,423               3,986 
 Rent expenses                                      5,823               5,195 
 Advertising expenses                               3,290               2,992 
 Legal and audit fees                               2,328               3,854 
 Consultancy fee                                    4,784               3,202 
 Travel expenses                                    4,177               3,012 
 Utilities expenses                                 2,707               3,000 
 Representation and entertainment                   1,544                 558 
 Fuel                                               1,550                 968 
 Medical, Dental and Hospitalization                  190                 230 
-------------------------------------  ------------------  ------------------ 
 Other operating expenses                          10,133              19,703 
-------------------------------------  ------------------  ------------------ 
 
 Total administrative and other 
  operating expenses                              566,971             452,216 
 
 

The increase in Loss on Sale or Disposal of Fixed assets is due to the charge made in April 2022, for the amount mln 48 457 UZS. This was the result of the recognized loss on fixed assets given free of charge to "State asset management agency" according to resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 75 of February 17, 2022 and Central Bank No. 296 of April 4, 2022. These properties consisted of non-residential buildings, a park in the Jizzakh region and poultry farms that were repossessed from borrowers due to non-payment of loans.

   18.          INCOME TAXES 
 
                                               Six months          Six months 
                                                    ended       ended 30 June 
                                             30 June 2022    2021 (unaudited) 
                                              (unaudited) 
-----------------------------------------  --------------  ------------------ 
 
 Current income tax expense                       206,357             148,834 
 Deferred tax (benefit)/expense:                 (52,147)              63,311 
 - Deferred tax (benefit)/expense                      53                 799 
 
 
 Total income tax expense through profit 
  or loss and other comprehensive income          154,263             212,944 
 
 

The increase in non-deductible tax expense component let to significant tax charge increase, hence the estimate annual tax rate of 20.0 % is not sustained.

Interim period income tax expense is recognized based on management's best estimate of the weighted average annual income tax rate expected for the full financial year. The estimated average annual tax rate applied for the six months ended 30 June 2022 (unaudited) is 20.0 % (the estimated tax rate for the six months ended 30 June 2021 (unaudited) was 20%)).

   19.               EARNINGS PER SHARE 

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit attributable to ordinary shares by the weighted average number of ordinary shares.

The Group has no dilutive potential ordinary shares; therefore, the diluted earnings per share equal basic earnings per share.

According to the charter of the Group, dividend payments per ordinary share cannot exceed the dividends per share on preferred shares for the same period and the minimum dividends payable to the owners of preference shares comprise not less than 20%. Therefore, net profit for the period is allocated to the ordinary shares and the preferred shares in accordance with their legal and contractual dividend rights to participate in undistributed earnings.

 
                                                       Six months       Six months 
                                                            ended            ended 
                                                     30 June 2022     30 June 2021 
                                                      (unaudited)      (unaudited) 
------------------------------------------------  ---------------  --------------- 
 
 Profit for the year attributable to ordinary 
  shareholders                                            196,508          806,928 
------------------------------------------------  ---------------  --------------- 
 Weighted average number of ordinary shares 
  for the purpose of basic and diluted earnings 
  per share (millions)                                    243,922          243,922 
 Total basic and diluted earnings per 
  ordinary share (expressed in UZS per share)                0.81             3.31 
 
 
   20.          COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

Operating lease commitments. As at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) and 31 December 2021, the Group had no material operating lease commitments outstanding.

Legal proceedings . From time to time and in the normal course of business, claims against the Group are received. On the basis of its own estimates and both internal and external professional advice the Management is of the opinion that no material losses will be incurred in respect of claims and accordingly no provision has been made in these consolidated financial statements.

Tax legislation . Uzbek tax, currency and customs legislation is subject to varying interpretations, and changes, which can occur frequently. The Management's interpretation of such legislation as applied to the transactions and activity of the Group may be challenged by the relevant regional and state authorities. Recent events within Uzbekistan suggest that the tax authorities may be taking a more assertive position in their interpretation of the legislation and assessments, and it is possible that transactions and activities that have not been challenged in the past, may be challenged. As a result, significant additional taxes, penalties and interest may be assessed. Fiscal periods remain open to review by the authorities in respect of taxes for five calendar years preceding the year of review. Under certain circumstances reviews may cover longer periods.

The Management believes that its interpretation of the relevant legislation is appropriate and the Bank's tax, currency legislation and customs positions will be sustained. Accordingly, as at 30 June 2022 (unaudited), no provision for potential tax liabilities had been recorded (2021: Nil). The Group estimates that it has no potential obligations from exposure to other than remote tax risks.

Capital expenditure commitments. As at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) and 31 December 2021, the Group had contractual capital expenditure commitments for the total amount of UZS 889,099 million and UZS 1,033,849 million in respect of premises and equipment, respectively.

Credit related commitments . The primary purpose of these instruments is to ensure that funds are available to a customer as required. Guarantees and standby letters of credit, which represent irrevocable assurances that the Group will make payments in the event that a customer cannot meet its obligations to third parties, carry the same credit risk as loans. Documentary and commercial letters of credit, which are written undertakings by the Group on behalf of a customer authorising a third party to draw drafts on the Group up to a stipulated amount under specific terms and conditions, are collateralised by the underlying shipments of goods to which they relate or cash deposits and therefore carry less risk than a direct borrowing. Commitments to extend credit represent unused portions of authorisations to extend credit in the form of loans, guarantees or letters of credit. With respect to credit risk on commitments to extend credit, the Group is potentially exposed to loss in an amount equal to the total unused commitments. However, the likely amount of loss is less than the total unused commitments since most commitments to extend credit are contingent upon customers maintaining specific credit standards. The Group monitors the term to maturity of credit related commitments because longer-term commitments generally have a greater degree of credit risk than shorter-term commitments.

   20.          COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued) 

The credit related commitments are comprised of the following:

 
                                           30 June 2022   31 December 
                                            (unaudited)          2021 
----------------------------------------  -------------  ------------ 
 
 Guarantees issued                            1,992,862     1,834,214 
 Letters of credit, non post-financing          622,626       398,886 
 Letters of credits, post-financing 
  with commencement after reporting 
  period end                                  1,247,498     1,508,819 
 Undrawn credit lines                           437,958       831,415 
                                                      , 
----------------------------------------  -------------  ------------ 
                                                      , 
 Total gross credit related commitments       4,300,944     4,573,334 
                                                      , 
----------------------------------------  -------------  ------------ 
                                                      , 
 Less - Cash held as security against 
  letters of credit and guarantees            (470,952)     (275,863) 
                                                      , 
----------------------------------------  -------------  ------------ 
                                                      , 
 Less - Provision for expected credit 
  losses                                       (40,190)      (43,203) 
                                                      , 
----------------------------------------  -------------  ------------ 
                                                      , 
 Total credit related commitments             3,789,802     4,254,268 
 
 

The total outstanding contractual amount of letters of credit, guarantees issued and undrawn credit lines does not necessarily represent future cash requirements as these financial instruments may expire or terminate without being funded.

   21.          Changes in Liabilities Arising from Financing Activities 

The table below sets out movement in the Group's liabilities from financing activities for each of periods presented. The items of these liabilities are those that are reported as financing activities in the condensed consolidated interim statement of cash flows.

 
                                      Liabilities from financing activities                Total 
                            --------------------------------------------------------- 
                                Other                         Due to 
                               borrowed    Debt securities     other     Subordinated 
 In million                     funds           issue          banks         debt 
 Uzbekistan Soums 
--------------------------  ------------  ----------------  ----------  -------------  ------------ 
 
 Net debt at 
 1 January 2021               25,683,457         3,273,048   1,496,004              -    30,452,509 
 
 
 Proceeds from the 
  issue                       11,826,214            10,000     411,116        100,000    12,347,330 
 Redemption                  (8,391,815)          (81,310)   (381,937)              -   (8,855,062) 
 Foreign currency 
  translation                    992,957           126,637      22,932              -     1,142,526 
 Other non-cash movements         19,963          (10,558)   (155,138)          1,771     (143,962) 
 
 
 Net debt at 
 31 December 2021             30,130,776         3,317,817   1,392,977        101,771    34,943,341 
 
 
 Proceeds from the 
  issue                        1,369,964            28,000   2,447,336        235,851     4,081,151 
 Redemption                  (2,915,691)          (39,602)   (334,155)              -   (3,289,448) 
 Foreign currency 
  translation                   (97,134)           (3,214)    (79,056)       (14,131)     (193,535) 
 Other non-cash movements       (23,154)            14,252     112,068          4,150       107,316 
 
 
 Net debt at 31 
  December 2022               28,464,761         3,317,253   3,539,170        327,641    35,648,825 
 
 
   22.          FAIR VALUE 

IFRS defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at a measurement date. Fair value measurements are analysed by level in the fair value hierarchy as follows: (i) level one are measurements at quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, (ii) level two measurements are valuations techniques with all material inputs observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices), and (iii) level three measurements are valuations not based on observable market data (that is, unobservable inputs).

The Management applies judgement in categorizing financial instruments using the fair value hierarchy. If a fair value measurement uses observable inputs that require significant adjustment, that measurement is a Level 3 measurement. The significance of a valuation input is assessed against the fair value measurement in its entirety.

Some of the Group's financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting year. The following table gives information about how the fair values of these financial assets and financial liabilities are determined (in particular, the valuation technique(s) and inputs used). Financial assets and financial liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements. The Management's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment, and may affect the valuation of the assets and liabilities being measured and their placement within the fair value hierarchy.

   22.          FAIR VALUE (Continued) 

The Group considers that the accounting estimate related to the valuation of financial instruments where quoted markets prices are not available is a key source of estimation uncertainty because: (i) it is highly susceptible to changes from year to year, as it requires the Management to make assumptions about interest rates, volatility, exchange rates, the credit rating of the counterparty, valuation adjustments and specific features of transactions and (ii) the impact that recognizing a change in the valuations would have on the assets reported on the consolidated statement of financial position, as well as, the related profit or loss reported on the consolidated statement of profit or loss, could be material.

Some of the Group's financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting year. The following table gives information about how the fair values of these financial assets and financial liabilities are determined (in particular, the valuation technique(s) and inputs used).

 
                      Fair value as 
                            at 
                     --------------  ------------ 
                       30 June 2022   31 December   Fair value           Valuation     Significant     Relationship of 
   Financial            (unaudited)          2021    hierarchy            model(s)    unobservable        unobservable 
   assets/                                                        and key input(s)        input(s)              inputs 
   financial                                                                                             to fair value 
   liablities 
-------------------  --------------  ------------  -----------  ------------------  --------------  ------------------ 
 
 Equity securities 
  at 
  FVTOCI 
                                                                 Quoted bid prices 
                                                                      in an active 
 - Visa Inc.                 12,208        13,613      Level 1             market.             N/A                 N/A 
                                                                   Discounted cash                         The greater 
                                                                   flows. Discount                           discount- 
                                                                    rate estimated                    the smaller fair 
 - Other                     28,547        34,523      Level 3       based on WACC   Discount rate               value 
 
 

The fair value of the equity instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income were determined as the present value of future dividends by assuming dividend growth rate of zero per annum. The Management built its expectation based on previous experience of dividends received on financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income over multiple years, and accordingly calculated the value of using the average rate of return on investments. A significant unobservable input used in determining the fair value of equity securities at FVTOCI is the Group's WACC. The higher the WACC the lower the fair value of the equity securities at FVTOCI. The Management believes that this approach accurately reflects the fair value of these securities, given they are not traded. Such financial instruments were categorised as Level 3.

Investments to which the dividends valuation approach is not applicable, i.e. dividends were not paid during the period, Management may use the Assets based valuation approach focused on the investment company's net assets value (NAV), or fair market value of its total assets minus its total liabilities, to determine what would cost to recreate the business. The Management believes that such approach accurately reflects the fair value of these securities.

   22.          FAIR VALUE (Continued) 

Below is presented the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis (but fair value disclosures are required). Except as detailed in the following table, the Management considers that the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities recognised in the consolidated financial statements approximate their fair values.

 
                                   30 June 2022 (unaudited)      31 December 2021 
                                    Carrying     Fair value    Carrying   Fair value 
                                      value                      value 
 
Loans and advances to customers     42,645,889    40,024,782  42,537,051  39,773,366 
Due from other banks                 2,790,842     2,756,385   1,956,303   1,726,508 
Debt securities in issue 
 - Eurobonds                         3,246,183     2,862,593   3,235,127   3,280,385 
Other borrowed funds                28,464,761    29,508,572  30,130,776  31,751,605 
Subordinated debt                      327,641       324,552     101,771      97,338 
 
 
 
                           30 June 2022 (unaudited) 
                        Level 1     Level      Level 3         Total 
                                       2 
 
Loans and advances 
 to customers                  -  40,024,782           -  40,024,782 
Due from other banks           -   2,756,385           -   2,756,385 
Debt securities in 
 issue 
- Eurobonds            2,862,593           -           -   2,862,593 
Other borrowed funds           -           -  29,508,572  29,508,572 
Subordinated debt              -     324,552           -     324,552 
 
 
 
                               31 December 2021 
                        Level 1     Level      Level 3         Total 
                                       2 
 
Loans and advances 
 to customers                  -  39,773,366           -  39,773,366 
Due from other banks           -   1,726,508           -   1,726,508 
Debt securities in 
 issue 
- Eurobonds            3,280,385           -           -   3,280,385 
Other borrowed funds           -           -  31,751,605  31,751,605 
Subordinated debt              -           -      97,338      97,338 
 
 
   23.          Capital risk management 

The Group manages regulatory capital as Group's capital. The Group's objectives when managing capital are to comply with the capital requirements set by the CBU, and to safeguard the Group's ability to continue as a going concern. Compliance with capital adequacy ratios set by the CBU is monitored monthly with reports outlining their calculation reviewed and signed by the Chairman and Chief Accountant.

Under the current capital requirements set by the CBU, banks have to maintain ratios of (actual ratios given below are unaudited):

-- Ratio of regulatory capital to risk weighted assets ("Regulatory capital ratio") above a prescribed minimum level of 13% (31 December 2021: 13%). Actual ratio as at 30 June 2022: 15.5% (31 December 2021: 15.8%);

-- Ratio of Group's tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets ("Capital adequacy ratio") above a prescribed minimum level of 10% (31 December 2021: 10%). Actual ratio as at 30 June 2022: 12.5% (31 December 2021: 11.9%); and

-- Ratio of Group's tier 1 capital to total assets less intangibles ("Leverage ratio") above a prescribed minimum level of 6% (31 December 2021: 6%). Actual ratio as at 30 June 2022: 10% (31 December 2021: 10%).

The Group and the Bank have complied with all externally imposed capital requirements throughout the reporting period and 2021.

Total capital is based on the Group's reports prepared under CBU Instructions and related instructions and comprises:

 
                                30 June 2022 (unaudited)  31 December 2021 (unaudited) 
 
Tier 1 capital                                 7,217,218                     6,223,703 
Less: Deductions from capital                  (203,708)                     (149,023) 
Tier 1 capital adjusted                        7,013,510                     6,074,680 
Tier 2 capital                                 1,664,212                     2,024,893 
                                                       , 
Total regulatory Capital                       8,677,722                     8,099,573 
 
 

Regulatory capital consists of Tier 1 capital, which comprises share capital, share premium, preference shares, retained earnings excluding current year profit and less intangible assets. The other component of regulatory capital is Tier 2 capital, which includes current year profit.

   24.          RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES 

The Group manages the following risk: credit risk, off-balance sheet risk, market risk, currency risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, compliance risk and other type of risks.

Risk management system is the part of the overall management system of the Group which aims to provide sustainable development of the Bank and the Group members in line with the approved Development Strategy.

The Group's risk management policies and procedures are consistent with those disclosed in the annual consolidate financial statements of the Group for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Currency risk . The Group takes on exposure to the effect of fluctuations in the prevailing foreign currency exchange rates on its financial position and cash flows. In respect of currency risk, the Management Board sets limits on the level of exposure by currency and in total for both overnight and intra-day positions, which are monitored daily. The Group's Treasury Department measures its currency risk by matching financial assets and liabilities denominated in same currency and analyses effect of actual annual appreciation/depreciation of that currency against Uzbekistan Soum to the profit and loss of the Group. The table below summarises the Group's exposure to foreign currency exchange rate risk at the end of reporting period:

 
30 June 2022 (unaudited)                 USD        EUR        Other         UZS       Total 
                                                          currencies 
 
Cash and cash equivalents          4,920,340    333,421      137,967   1,750,794   7,142,522 
Due from other banks               1,369,086     40,517      311,921   1,069,318   2,790,842 
Loans and advances to customers   20,048,087  6,989,964            -  15,607,838  42,645,889 
Investment securities measured 
 at amortised cost                         -          -            -   1,323,824   1,323,824 
Other financial assets                43,769      5,622      125,841           -     175,232 
 
 
Total monetary assets             26,381,282  7,369,524      575,729  19,751,774  54,078,309 
 
 
Due to other banks                 3,094,375    101,176            -     343,619   3,539,170 
Customer accounts                  5,943,549    651,675      153,441   6,436,893  13,185,558 
Debt securities in issue           3,246,183          -            -      71,070   3,317,253 
Other borrowed funds              14,241,488  6,835,567      237,038   7,150,668  28,464,761 
Other financial liabilities           41,629     29,364        5,656     155,110     231,759 
Subordinated debt                          -          -            -     327,641     327,641 
 
 
Total monetary liabilities        26,567,224  7,617,782      396,135  14,485,001  49,066,142 
 
 
Net Balance sheet position         (185,942)  (248,258)      179,594   5,266,773   5,012,167 
 
 
 
31 December 2021                         USD        EUR                        Other          UZS        Total 
                                                                          currencies 
 
Cash and cash equivalents          5,058,478    480,056                      130,815    2,527,303    8,196,652 
Due from other banks                 843,913     43,387                       65,131    1,003,872    1,956,303 
Loans and advances to customers   20,739,057  6,883,573                        3,305   14,911,116   42,537,051 
Investment securities measured 
 at amortised cost                         -          -                            -    1,067,512    1,067,512 
Other financial assets                10,766      6,175                        3,308            -       20,249 
 
 
Total monetary assets             26,652,214  7,413,191                      202,559   19,509,803   53,777,767 
 
 
Due to other banks                 1,012,647     44,171                            -      336,159    1,392,977 
Customer accounts                  6,411,546    424,540                      114,676    6,610,778   13,561,540 
Debt securities in issue           3,235,127          -                            -       82,690    3,317,817 
Other borrowed funds              16,014,520  7,179,169                        3,443    6,933,644   30,130,776 
Other financial liabilities          101,305        399                            4       54,047      155,755 
Subordinated debt                          -          -                            -      101,771      101,771 
 
 
Total monetary liabilities        26,775,145  7,648,279                      118,123   14,119,089   48,660,636 
 
 
Net Balance sheet position         (122,931)  (235,088)                       84,436    5,390,714    5,117,131 
 
 
   24.          RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES (Continued) 

Geographical risk concentration . The geographical concentration of the Group's financial assets and liabilities at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) is set out below:

 
30 June 2022 (unaudited)             Uzbekistan          OECD     Non-OECD      Russia       Total 
 
Assets 
Cash and cash equivalents             3,703,787     3,423,758          267      14,710   7,142,522 
Due from other banks                  2,431,707       359,135            -           -   2,790,842 
Loans and advances to 
 customers                           42,645,889             -            -           -  42,645,889 
Investment securities 
 measured at amortised 
 cost                                 1,323,824             -            -           -   1,323,824 
Financial assets at fair 
 value through other comprehensive 
 income                                  28,545        12,210            -           -      40,755 
Other financial assets                  133,045        42,187            -           -     175,232 
 
 
Total financial assets               50,266,797     3,837,290          267      14,710  54,119,064 
 
 
Liabilities 
Due to other banks                      972,720       246,626      147,774   2,172,050   3,539,170 
Customer accounts                    12,797,614             -      387,944           -  13,185,558 
Debt securities in issue                 71,070     3,246,183            -           -   3,317,253 
Other borrowed funds                  6,119,259    13,578,726    6,585,199   2,181,577  28,464,761 
Other financial liabilities             231,736             -           23           -     231,759 
Subordinated debt                       327,641             -            -           -     327,641 
 
 
Total financial liabilities          20,520,040    17,071,535    7,120,940   4,353,627  49,066,142 
 
 
Net balance sheet position           29,746,757  (13,234,245)  (7,120,673)  (4,338,917   5,052,922 
 
 
Credit related commitments 
 (Note 20)                            3,789,802             -            -           -   3,789,802 
 
 

The geographical concentration of the Group's financial assets and liabilities at 31 December 2021 is set out below:

 
31 December 2021                     Uzbekistan           OECD     Non-OECD       Russia       Total 
                                                 ------------- 
 
Assets 
Cash and cash equivalents             4,007,434      4,124,590            -       64,628   8,196,652 
Due from other banks                  1,837,456        117,215        1,632            -   1,956,303 
Loans and advances to 
 customers                           42,537,051              -            -            -  42,537,051 
Investment securities 
 measured at amortised 
 cost                                 1,067,512              -            -            -   1,067,512 
Financial assets at fair 
 value through other comprehensive 
 income                                  34,523         13,613            -            -      48,136 
Other financial assets                   10,270          9,979            -            -      20,249 
 
 
Total financial assets               49,494,246      4,265,397        1,632       64,628  53,825,903 
 
 
Liabilities 
Due to other banks                    1,050,532        271,622       70,410          413   1,392,977 
Customer accounts                    13,171,330              -      390,210            -  13,561,540 
Debt securities in issue                 82,690      3,235,127            -            -   3,317,817 
Other borrowed funds                  5,863,247     13,976,515    7,009,055    3,281,959  30,130,776 
Other financial liabilities              54,452              -      101,303            -     155,755 
Subordinated debt                       101,771              -            -            -     101,771 
 
 
Total financial liabilities          20,324,022     17,483,264    7,570,978    3,282,372  48,660,636 
 
 
Net balance sheet position           29,170,224   (13,217,867)  (7,569,346)  (3,217,744)   5,165,267 
 
 
Credit related commitments 
 (Note 20)                            4,254,268              -            -            -   4,254,268 
 
 
   24.          RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES (Continued) 

Liquidity risk . Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that an entity will encounter difficulty in meeting obligations associated with financial liabilities. The Group is exposed to daily calls on its available cash resources from overnight deposits, current accounts, maturing deposits, loan draw downs, guarantees and from margin and other calls on cash settled derivative instruments. The Group does not maintain cash resources to meet all of these needs as experience shows that a minimum level of reinvestment of maturing funds can be predicted with a high level of certainty. Liquidity risk is managed by the Resources Management Committee of the Group.

The Group seeks to maintain a stable funding base comprising primarily amounts due to other banks, corporate and retail customer deposits and invest the funds in inter-bank placements of liquid assets, in order to be able to respond quickly and smoothly to unforeseen liquidity requirements.

The liquidity management of the Group requires considering the level of liquid assets necessary to settle obligations as they fall due; maintaining access to a range of funding sources; maintaining funding contingency plans and monitoring balance sheet liquidity ratios against regulatory requirements. The Group calculates liquidity ratios on a monthly basis in accordance with the requirement of the Central Bank of Uzbekistan. These ratios are calculated using figures based on National Accounting Standards.

The Treasury Department receives information about the liquidity profile of the financial assets and liabilities. The Treasury Department then provides for an adequate portfolio of short-term liquid assets, largely made up of short-term liquid trading securities, deposits with banks and other inter-bank facilities, to ensure that sufficient liquidity is maintained within the Group as a whole.

The daily liquidity position is monitored and regular liquidity stress testing under a variety of scenarios covering both normal and more severe market conditions is performed by the Treasury Department.

When the amount payable is not fixed, the amount disclosed is determined by reference to the conditions existing at the reporting date. Foreign currency payments are translated using the spot exchange rate at the statement of financial position date.

The undiscounted maturity analysis of financial instruments at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) is as follows:

 
30 June 2022           Demand       From       From        From       From       Over       Total 
 (unaudited)         and less       1 to    6 to 12      1 to 3       3 to    5 years 
                       than 1   6 months     months       years    5 years 
                        month 
 
Liabilities 
Due to other 
 banks              1,695,440  1,169,035    247,422     173,755    404,888     22,756   3,713,296 
ustomer accounts    7,082,044  1,826,603  1,536,803   2,298,340    581,001  1,485,056  14,809,847 
Debt securities 
 in 
 issue                 16,881    163,260     93,657   3,496,285          -          -   3,770,083 
Other borrowed 
 funds                224,931  1,525,401  4,031,676  17,790,504  3,489,339  6,625,469  33,687,320 
Other financial 
 liabilities          231,759          -          -           -          -          -     231,759 
Subordinated 
 debt                       -          -          -      18,025     27,248    370,626     415,899 
Undrawn credit 
 lines                831,415          -          -           -          -          -     831,415 
Guarantees 
 issued             1,788,686          -          -           -          -          -   1,788,686 
Letters of 
 credit                83,485    182,609  1,296,813           -          -          -   1,562,907 
 
 
Total potential 
 future payments 
 for financial 
 obligations       11,954,641  4,866,908  7,206,371  23,776,909  4,502,476  8,503,907  60,811,212 
 
 
   24.          RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES (Continued) 

The undiscounted maturity analysis of financial instruments at 31 December 2021 is as follows:

 
31 December            Demand       From       From        From       From       Over       Total 
 2021                and less       1 to    6 to 12      1 to 3       3 to    5 years 
                       than 1   6 months     months       years    5 years 
                        month 
 
Liabilities 
Due to other 
 banks                473,736    460,908     28,335     142,257    437,562     48,173   1,590,971 
ustomer accounts    7,628,416  1,989,658  2,312,751     917,524    219,074    721,434  13,788,857 
Debt securities 
 in 
 issue                 20,964    120,246    174,614   3,593,482          -          -   3,909,306 
Other borrowed 
 funds                664,752  4,185,661  5,449,195  13,934,192  3,305,437  6,493,697  34,032,934 
Other financial 
 liabilities          155,755          -          -           -          -          -     155,755 
Subordinated 
 debt                       -          -          -      18,025     21,472    164,089     203,586 
Undrawn credit 
 lines                831,415          -          -           -          -          -     831,415 
Guarantees 
 issued             1,676,260          -          -           -          -          -   1,676,260 
Letters of 
 credit                35,013  1,622,819     48,777      60,264          -          -   1,766,873 
 
 
Total potential 
 future payments 
 for financial 
 obligations       11,486,311  8,379,292  8,013,672  18,665,744  3,983,545  7,427,393  57,955,957 
 
 

Liquidity requirements to support calls under guarantees and standby letters of credit are considerably less than the amount of the commitment disclosed in the above maturity analysis, because the Group does not generally expect the third party to draw funds under the agreement.

The total outstanding contractual amount of commitments to extend credit as included in the above maturity table does not necessarily represent future cash requirements, since many of these commitments will expire or terminate without being funded.

The table below shows the maturity analysis of non-derivative financial assets at their carrying amounts and based on their contractual maturities, except for assets that are readily saleable if it should be necessary to meet cash outflows on financial liabilities. Such financial assets are included in the maturity analysis based on their expected date of disposal. Impaired loans are included at their carrying amounts net of impairment provisions, and based on the expected timing of cash inflows.

   24.          RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES (Continued) 

The Group does not use the above undiscounted maturity analysis to manage liquidity. Instead, the Group monitors expected maturities which may be summarised as follows at 30 June 2022 (unaudited) is set out below.

 
30 June 2022            Demand       From       From         From       From       Over       Total 
 (unaudited)          and less       1 to    6 to 12       1 to 3       3 to    5 years 
                        than 1   6 months     months        years    5 years 
                         month 
 
Assets 
Cash and cash 
 equivalents         7,142,522          -          -            -          -          -   7,142,522 
Due from other 
 banks                 477,615    602,319    245,831      206,960    915,919    342,198   2,790,842 
Loans and 
 advances to 
 customers           2,138,486  7,498,350  5,237,132   11,728,345  6,906,542  9,137,034  42,645,889 
Investment 
 securities 
 measured at 
 amortised 
 cost                  401,343    636,688    253,410       29,948      2,435          -   1,323,824 
Financial 
 assets at 
 fair value 
 through other 
 comprehensive 
 income                      -          -          -       40,755          -          -      40,755 
Other financial 
 assets                175,232          -          -            -          -          -     175,232 
 
 
Total financial 
 assets             10,335,198  8,737,357  5,736,373   12,006,008  7,824,896  9,479,232  54,119,064 
 
 
Liabilities 
Due to other 
 banks               1,690,103  1,144,066    217,205       77,619    389,422     20,755   3,539,170 
Customer accounts    7,030,598  1,649,441  1,295,585    1,999,868    319,912    890,154  13,185,558 
Debt securities 
 in issue                    -     86,161          -    3,231,092          -          -   3,317,253 
Other borrowed 
 funds                 106,153    958,934  3,422,996   15,640,672  2,828,994  5,507,012  28,464,761 
Other financial 
 liabilities           231,759          -          -            -          -          -     231,759 
Subordinated 
 debt                        -      6,296          -            -      3,226    318,119     327,641 
 
 
Total financial 
 liabilities         9,058,613  3,844,898  4,935,786   20,949,251  3,541,554  6,736,040  49,066,142 
 
 
Net liquidity 
 gap                 1,276,585  4,892,459    800,587  (8,943,243)  4,283,342  2,743,192   5,052,922 
 
 
Cumulative 
 liquidity 
 gap                 1,276,585  6,169,044  6,969,631  (1,973,612)  2,309,730  5,052,922 
 
 
   24.          RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES (Continued) 

The analysis of liquidity of the Group's assets and liabilities as at 31 December 2021 is set out below.

 
31 December              Demand       From       From         From       From       Over       Total 
 2021                  and less       1 to    6 to 12       1 to 3       3 to    5 years 
                         than 1   6 months     months        years    5 years 
                          month 
 
Assets 
Cash and cash 
 equivalents          8,196,652          -          -            -          -          -   8,196,652 
Due from other 
 banks                  208,322     24,092    877,224      208,950    257,745    379,970   1,956,303 
Loans and advances 
 to customers         2,303,397  7,692,692  5,415,340   11,550,168  7,910,452  7,665,002  42,537,051 
Investment 
 securities 
 measured at 
 amortised cost         446,005    493,401          -      125,664      2,442          -   1,067,512 
Financial assets 
 at fair value 
 through other 
 comprehensive 
 income                       -          -          -       48,136          -          -      48,136 
Other financial 
 assets                  20,249          -          -            -          -          -      20,249 
 
 
Total financial 
 assets              11,174,625  8,210,185  6,292,564   11,932,918  8,170,639  8,044,972  53,825,903 
 
 
Liabilities 
Due to other 
 banks                  467,396    435,292      2,469       42,430    401,151     44,239   1,392,977 
Customer accounts     7,588,430  1,897,559  2,264,066      877,011    216,880    717,594  13,561,540 
Debt securities 
 in issue                 3,002     33,801     70,000    3,211,014          -          -   3,317,817 
Other borrowed 
 funds                  560,328  3,670,762  4,931,885   12,437,283  2,875,810  5,654,708  30,130,776 
Other financial 
 liabilities            155,755          -          -            -          -          -     155,755 
Subordinated 
 debt                         -      1,771          -            -      3,226     96,774     101,771 
 
 
Total financial 
 liabilities          8,774,911  6,039,185  7,268,420   16,567,738  3,497,067  6,513,315  48,660,636 
 
 
Net liquidity 
 gap                  2,399,714  2,171,000  (975,856)  (4,634,820)  4,673,572  1,531,657   5,165,267 
 
 
Cumulative 
 liquidity gap        2,399,714  4,570,714  3,594,858  (1,039,962)  3,633,610  5,165,267 
 
 

The above analysis is based on remaining contractual maturities.

Although the Group does not have the right to use the mandatory deposits held in Central bank of Uzbekistan for the purposes of funding its operating activities, the Management classifies them as demand deposits in the liquidity gap analysis on the basis that their nature is inherently to fund sudden withdrawal of customer accounts.

The matching and/or controlled mismatching of the maturities and interest rates of assets and liabilities is fundamental to the Management of the Group. It is unusual for banks ever to be completely matched since business transacted is often of an uncertain term and of different types. An unmatched position potentially enhances profitability, but can also increase the risk of losses. The maturities of assets and liabilities and the ability to replace, at an acceptable cost, interest-bearing liabilities as they mature, are important factors in assessing the liquidity of the Group and its exposure to changes in interest and exchange rates.

The Management believes that in spite of a substantial portion of customer accounts being on demand, the fact that significant portion of these customer accounts are of large state-controlled entities which are either the Group's shareholders or its entities under common control and the past experience of the Group, indicate that these customer accounts provide a long-term and stable source of funding for the Group.

   25.          RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

Parties are generally considered to be related if the parties are under common control or one party has the ability to control the other party or can exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial or operational decisions. In considering each possible related party relationship, attention is directed to the substance of the relationship, not merely the legal form. The Group applies a disclosure exemption regarding Government-related entities, where the same Government has control or joint control of, or significant influence over, both the Group and the other entities, disclosed as "entities under common control".

-- "Significant shareholders" -legal entities-shareholders which have a significant influence to the Group through Government;

-- "Key management personnel" - members of the Management Board and the Council of the Bank;

   --            "Entities under common control" - entities that are controlled, jointly controlled or significantly influenced by the Government. 

Details of transactions between the Group and related parties are disclosed below:

 
                                      30 June 2022 (unaudited)              31 December 2021 
                                    Related     Total category    Related     Total category 
                                      party   as per financial      party   as per financial 
                                   balances         statements   balances         statements 
                                                       caption                       caption 
 
Cash and cash equivalents 
- entities under common 
 control                          1,593,008                22%  1,746,320                21% 
Due from other banks 
- entities under common 
 control                          2,062,056                79%  1,483,268                76% 
Loans and advances to customers 
- key management personnel            1,774                 0%      1,176                 0% 
- significant shareholders        2,180,609                 5%  3,678,666                 9% 
- entities under common 
 control                          6,331,696                14%  8,157,239                19% 
Investment securities measured 
 at 
 amortised cost 
- significant shareholders          381,474                14%    288,290                27% 
- entities under common 
 control                            934,046                71%    770,932                72% 
Financial assets at fair 
 value 
 through other comprehensive 
 income 
- entities under common 
 control                             18,136                45%     19,952                42% 
Other Assets 
- significant shareholders           10,754                 3%     13,270                 4% 
Due to other banks 
- entities under common 
 control                            704,312                20%    963,175                69% 
Customer accounts 
- key management personnel               13                 0%         63                 0% 
- significant shareholders        3,746,758                28%  4,258,100                31% 
- entities under common 
 control                          3,728,511                28%  2,891,164                21% 
Debt securities in issue 
- entities under common 
 control                             12,315                 0%     12,604                 0% 
- significant shareholders                -                 0%          -                 0% 
Other borrowed funds 
- significant shareholders        5,405,805                14%  5,277,553                18% 
- entities under common 
 control                                687                 2%        476                 0% 
Other liabilities 
- significant shareholders               30                 0%        163                 0% 
- entities under common 
 control                             33,529                13%     26,774                14% 
Subordinated debt 
- entities under common 
 control                            327,641               100%    101,771               100% 
 
 
   25.          RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (Continued) 
 
                                       Six months ended              Six months ended 
                                    30 June 2022 (unaudited)     30 June 2021 (unaudited) 
                                       Related          Total    Related     Total category 
                                         party       category      party   as per financial 
                                      balances         as per   balances         statements 
                                                    financial                       caption 
                                                   statements 
                                                      caption 
 
Interest income 
- key management personnel                  18             0%         26                 0% 
- significant shareholders             153,695             6%    156,882                 9% 
- entities under common control        107,751             5%     73,991                14% 
Interest expense 
- key management personnel                 (1)             0%       (10)                 0% 
- significant shareholders             (2,631)            16%  (178,251)                31% 
- entities under common control          (583)             3%      (113)                 0% 
Provision for/(recovery of) 
 credit losses on loans and 
 advances to customers 
- significant shareholders            (20,042)             2%   (37,486)                12% 
Fee and commission income 
- significant shareholders              12,139             6%      4,383                 2% 
- entities under common control         15,786             8%      5,375                 3% 
Other operating income 
- significant shareholders                  60             0%        202                 1% 
- entities under common control              -             0%         36                 0% 
Administrative and other 
 operating expenses 
- key management personnel             (5,825)            12%    (2,603)                 1% 
- entities under common control       (79,266)            15%   (30,240)                 7% 
 
 

Key management compensation is presented below:

 
                                                 Six months         Six months 
                                              ended 30 June      ended 30 June 
                                           2022 (unaudited)   2021 (unaudited) 
 
Salaries and other benefits                           4,371              1,706 
Bonuses                                                 269                534 
State pension and social security costs               1,185                362 
 
 
Total                                                 5,825              2,602 
 
 

26. EVENTS AFTER THE END OF THE REPORTING PERIOD

On 25 July 2022 the Group has signed EUR 100 million Trade related loan agreement with Cargill Financial Services International Inc. The Group hereby represents and warrants that the Loan will be solely allocated to finance the exportation and/or importation of various commodities and goods, from/to the Republic of Uzbekistan to/from various countries by the Groups's clients. The maturity of Loan agreement is 5 years.

On 27 July 2022 the Group has signed USD 50 million convertible loan facility with European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). The attraction of this loan facility creates additional opportunities to realize the goals set by the Groups's Strategy for the years 2021-2023. The strategy is to strengthen the Groups's position in the market by developing the small and medium business segments, and to further increase its profitability and attractiveness for the Group investors.

On 22 August 2022, IFC has disbursed USD 75 million under the convertible loan agreement, signed on 20 September 2021. Loan has maturity of 5 years with bullet repayment of principal and semi-annual interest repayments.

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October 13, 2022 06:00 ET (10:00 GMT)

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