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CUSI Cuisine Solutions Inc New (CE)

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Share Name Share Symbol Market Type
Cuisine Solutions Inc New (CE) USOTC:CUSI OTCMarkets Common Stock
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  0.00 0.00% 18.00 0.00 00:00:00

Cusac Gold Mines Ltd - Amended Annual and Transition Report (foreign private issuer) (20-F/A)

13/03/2008 9:10pm

Edgar (US Regulatory)



 UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 20-F/A       AMENDMENT NO. 2


£

REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) or 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

OR

T

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006

 

OR

£

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from _______________ to _______________

£

SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Date of event requiring this Shell Company report ______________________

Commission file number: 0-13548

CUSAC GOLD MINES LTD.
(Exact name of Registrant specified in its charter)

PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

1600 - 409 Granville Street
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6C 1T2
(Address of principal executive offices)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:  None

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

COMMON SHARES, NO PAR VALUE
(Title of Class)




Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:  None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:

 68,926,436 common shares as of December 31, 2006

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well known seasoned issuer as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act .

Yes

£

No

T

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Yes

£

No

T

Indicate by check mark whether Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes

T

No

£

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or non-accelerated filer.  See definition of “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act .


£

Large Accelerated Filer

£

Accelerated Filer

T

Non-Accelerated Filer

Indicate by check mark which financial statement item Registrant has elected to follow:

Item 17

T

Item 18

£

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act ):

Yes

£

No

T



- 2 -




CUSAC GOLD MINES LTD.

FORM 20-F ANNUAL REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

GLOSSARY

4

PART I

10

ITEM 1. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS

10

ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

10

ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION

10

ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

19

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

39

ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

40

ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

46

ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

53

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

55

ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING

55

ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

56

ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

64

ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

64

PART II

64

ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

64

ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS

64

ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

65

ITEM 16. RESERVED

65

ITEM 16.A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

65

ITEM 16.B. CODE OF ETHICS

65

ITEM 16.C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

65

ITEM 16.D. EXEMPTION FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

66

ITEM 16.E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

66

PART III

66

ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

66

ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

66

ITEM 19. EXHIBITS

67

SIGNATURES

68




- 3 -




GLOSSARY


Term

Definition

Act

Securities and Exchange Act of 1934

Amended Permit

Amended mining permit no. M-127 issued by the Ministry on June 13, 2005.

American Bonanza

American Bonanza Gold Corp., the resulting merged company between Taurus and the old American Bonanza Gold Corp.

APBO

Accounting Principles Board Opinion

Bain Mine

The underground openings and access to the Bain Vein for personnel, equipment, waste and ore movement.

BCA

Business Corporations Act (British Columbia)

BCCA

Company Act (British Columbia)

Canadian Act

Income Tax Act (Canada)

Canadian GAAP

Canadian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

Cassiar Gold Camp

All gold occurrences in the Cassiar mountain range in the vicinity of the former town of Cassiar, Table Mountain and Jade City.

CICA

Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants

ClearFrame

ClearFrame Solutions Inc.

Code

Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

Common Share Units

3,749,225 common share units of the Company issued in connection with the Private Placement completed on May 31, 2006, as described elsewhere in this document, at $0.24 per Common Share Unit, each unit consisting of one common share and one common share purchase warrant exercisable within 12 months at $0.35 per share.

Convertible Debentures

813 convertible debentures of the Company issued in connection with the Private Placement completed on May 31, 2006, as described elsewhere in this document, priced at $3,750 per Convertible Debenture, maturing in 18 months and bearing interest at a rate of 11% per annum paid semi-annually and are convertible into shares at $0.305 per share.  The purchasers of the Convertible Debentures also received 6,147 warrants with each Debenture purchased.  The warrants accompanying the Debenture are not exercisable until the Company obtains the approval of its shareholders for the Debenture warrants.  Thereafter, each Debenture warrant entitles the holder to purchase a common share at $0.35 per share expiring May 31, 2007.  If the shareholders do not approve the warrants accompanying the Debentures by the close of business on July 30, 2006, the Debentures will bear interest at 15% per annum.

CRA

Canada Revenue Agency



- 4 -





Term

Definition

Cusac

Cusac Gold Mines Ltd.

Cusac Mill

Cusac’s Mill on the Property.

Cyprus

Cyprus Canada Inc., subsidiary of Cyprus Amax Minerals.

Demand

Demand Gold Ltd., formerly Demand Technologies, Inc.

ECFZ

Erickson Creek Fault Zone

EIC

Emerging Issues Committee

Employment Agreement

Agreement dated January 1, 1988 made between Cusac and Guildford H. Brett, as amended.

Energold

Energold Minerals, Inc.

Erickson

Erickson Mining Corporation

FASB

Financial Accounting Standards Board

Gold Certificate

A certificate evidencing the right of the holder of a Series A Convertible Preference Share in the capital of the Company, subject to the Articles of the Company, to receive from the Company upon presentation 0.0625% of one troy ounce of 0.995 fine gold.

ICA

Investment Canada Act

Investor

A person who acquires one or more common shares of the Company.

IRS

Internal Revenue Service

LTIP

Long-term incentive plan.

Main Mine

The underground openings and access to a number of Veins located on the north slope of a Table Mountain that were worked on during primarily the 1980s.

MHG Vein

Michelle High Grade Vein

Mineral Reserve

Economically mineable part of a Measured or Indicated Resource demonstrated by at least a comprehensive study of the viability of a mineral property that has advanced to a stage where the mining method, in the case of underground mining, or the pit configuration, in the case of an open pit, has been established, and where an effective method of mineral processing has been determined.

Probable (Indicated) Reserves .  Reserves for which quantity and grade and/or quality are computed from information similar to that used for proven (measured) reserves, but the sites for inspection, sampling and measurement are farther apart or are otherwise less adequately spaced.  The degree of assurance, although lower than that for proven (measured) reserves, is high enough to assume continuity between points of observation.



- 5 -





Term

Definition

 

Proven (Measured) Reserves .  Reserves for which: (a) quantity is computed from dimensions revealed in outcrops, trenches, workings or drill holes; grade and/or quality are computed from the results of detailed sampling; and (b) the sites for inspection, sampling and measurement are spaced so closely and the geologic character is so well defined that size, shape, depth and mineral content of reserves are well-established.

Mineral Resource

Concentration or occurrence of natural, solid, inorganic or fossilized organic material in or on the earth’s crust in such form and quantity and of such a grade or quality that it has reasonable prospects for economic extraction. The location, quantity, grade, geological characteristics and continuity of a mineral resource are known, estimated or interpreted from specific geological evidence and knowledge.

The SEC’s Industry Guide 7 – “Description of Property by Issuers Engaged or to be Engaged in Significant Mining Operations” does not define or recognize resources.  As used in this Annual Report, “resources” are as defined in Canadian NI 43-101-“Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects .

Mineral Resources are sub-divided, in order of increasing geological confidence, into Inferred, Indicated and Measured categories.  An Inferred Resource has a lower level of confidence than that applied to an Indicated Resource.  An Indicated Resource has a higher level of confidence than an Inferred Resource but has a lower level of confidence than a Measured Resource.

Inferred Resource .  That part of the Mineral Resource for which quantity and grade or quality can be estimated on the basis of geological evidence and limited sampling and reasonably assumed, but not verified, geological and grade continuity. The estimate is based on limited information and sampling gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes.

Indicated Resource .  That part of the Mineral Resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics can be estimated with a level of confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and economic parameters, to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough for geological and grade continuity to be reasonably assumed.

Measured Resource .  That part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape, physical characteristics are so well established that they can be estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and economic parameters, to support production planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough to confirm both geological and grade continuity.

Ministry

BC Ministry of Energy and Mines



- 6 -





Term

Definition

NSR

Net Smelter Royalties, a set percentage of metal, such as gold, that is processed from any mining that may occur on a claim.  A 5% NSR would be considered very high and 0.5% NSR very low.  Most NSR range between 1-3%.

OTCBB

Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board

Placer

Gold and or other minerals found in and extractable from alluvial materials such as steam beds, gravels, sands, or other media found above bedrock.

Plan

Cusac’s share option plan.

Plaza

Plaza Mining Corporation

Prefeasibility Study

Preliminary feasibility study related to the East Bain Vein and the Rory Vein.

Private Placement

Private Placement completed on May 31, 2006 issuing 3,749,225 Common Share Units” at $0.24 per Common Share Unit for proceeds of $899,814; 6,657,500 Flow-Through Units at $0.27 per Flow-Through Unit for proceeds of $1,797,525; and 813 Convertible Debentures at $3,750 per Convertible Debenture for proceeds of $3,048,750.

PCPs

Pre-Existing Company Provisions

Property

The Cassiar Gold Property (formerly called the “Table Mountain Gold Property”) located in the Cassiar Mining District of the Liard Mining Division in Northern British Columbia.

Registrar

Registrar of Companies (British Columbia)

SAR

Stock Appreciation Rights

Spot Price

On any Spot Price Determination Date, the London, England afternoon fixing price on such date, expressed in United States dollars, on the London gold bullion market as specified on Telerate page 405 for one troy ounce of 0.995 fine gold or if, in the opinion of the Company’s bankers, such afternoon fixing price cannot be determined, an amount determined by the Company’s bankers as the arithmetic mean of bid prices (expressed in United States dollars) for one troy ounce of 0.995 fine gold at or about 4:00 p.m. (London time) quoted to it by five institutions involved in the buying and selling of gold (disregarding the highest and lowest of such bid prices), or otherwise as determined by the Company’s bankers using such other method as they may consider to have become customary or other otherwise to be appropriate for determining the price of gold in London, or if the price of gold in London cannot be determined, in the City of New York.

Spot Price Determination Date

Each of March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, as the case may be, in each year.

SFAS

Statement of Financial Accounting Standard

Table Mountain Gold Mine

The totality of all the veins that have supplied ore to the Company’s mill over the years that are located on claims that make up the Property.  In the past, different companies operated some of the veins making up the present day Table Mountain Gold Mine as separate operations.  Now that all of these claims are compiled into the Company’s sole ownership, all the ore sources comprise one single mine.  The Taurus II Project and the Taurus Deposit, however, are not considered to be part of the Table Mountain Gold Mine, as those areas have not historically provided ore to the mill and are not expected to as they are potentially open pit style gold mines.




- 7 -





Term

Definition

Taurus

International Taurus Resources Ltd.

Taurus Deposit

Mineralized zone covered in part by a group of 46 mineral claims under option from American Bonanza and in part by mineral claims owned 100% by Cusac located to the northwest of the Taurus II Project.

Taurus Mining Venture Agreement

Agreement made on or about January 1995 between Cusac, and Cyprus regarding a portion of the Table Mountain Gold Property.

Taurus II Project

Gold exploration area with large scale open pit potential located on mineral claims within the Property

Total

Total Energold Corporation, a subsidiary of Total Compagnie Français des Petroles.

Transfer Agent

Pacific Corporate Trust Company

Treaty

Canada-United States Income Tax Convention (1980)

US GAAP

United Stated Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

VIEs

Variable interest entities




- 8 -




CAUTIONARY NOTE TO U.S. INVESTORS
CONCERNING ESTIMATES OF INFERRED RESOURCES

This Annual Report uses the term “inferred resources”. We advise U.S. investors that while this term is recognized and required by Canadian regulations, the SEC does not recognize it. Inferred resources have a great amount of uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of an inferred resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian rules, estimates of inferred resources may not form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies, except in rare cases. U.S. investors are cautioned not to assume that part or all of an inferred resource exists, or is economically or legally mineable.


SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of federal securities laws.  You can identify these statements by forward-looking words such an “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “should,” “will,” and “would” or similar words.  Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve substantial risks and uncertainties.  You should read statements that contain these words carefully because they discuss our future expectations, contain projections of our future results of operations or of our financial position, or state other forward-looking information.  We believe that it is important to communicate our future expectations to our shareholders.  However, there may be events in the future that we are not able to predict accurately or control.  Therefore, these statements should not be regarded as a representation by us that any of our objectives or plans will be achieved or that any of our operating expectations will be realized.  Our revenues and results of operations are difficult to forecast and could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report.

The factors listed below in the section captioned “Risk Factors,” as well as any cautionary language in this Annual Report, provide examples of risks, uncertainties, and events that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the expectations we describe in our forward-looking statements.  You should be aware that the occurrence of the events described in these risk factors and elsewhere in this Annual Report could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial position.  We undertake no obligation to release publicly the results of any future revisions we may make to forward-looking statements to reflect events after the date hereof, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

__________________________________

Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to “Cusac”, the “Company”, “we”, “us”, and “our” refer to Cusac Gold Mines Ltd. and its subsidiaries.  All dollar amounts set forth in this Annual Report are in Canadian dollars, except where otherwise indicated.




- 9 -




PART I

ITEM 1. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS

– Not Applicable –

ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

– Not Applicable –

ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION

3.A. Selected Financial Data

The financial data found herein for the years from December 31, 2002 to 2006 and elsewhere in this Annual Report are taken from our financial statements, which have been prepared according to Canadian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“ Canadian GAAP ”) and have been examined by BDO Dunwoody LLP, independent chartered accountants.  

You should read the selected financial data presented below together with the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this annual report and “Item 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects”.

Below and in Note 16 to our Consolidated Financial Statements provides descriptions of the principal differences between Canadian GAAP and United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“ US GAAP ”) as they relate to us and reconciliation of US GAAP to our Consolidated Financial Statements.  

Unless otherwise indicated, all financial data presented below is in Canadian dollars.

Selected Financial Data in accordance with Canadian GAAP
for Five Years Ended December 31, 2006

 

Year Ended

 

2006 (a)

2005 (a)   

2004 (a)

2003 (a) , )

2002 )

Production Revenue

 -

-

-

-

-

Mine operations and maintenance

$2,503,108

-

-

-

-

Administration

$ 1,317,460

$662,056

$661,147

$1,033,813

$817,295

Amortization of property, plant and equipment

$313,057

$24,893

$42,251

-

-

Resource Property Exploration

$ 1,435,969

$949,945

$1,120,152

$446,176

$330,668

Future Income Taxes Recovery

$ (930,000)

$(105,567)

$(256,464)

-

-

Operating Loss

$(5,569,594)

$(1,636,894)

$(1,823,550)

$(1,479,989)

$(1,155,963)

Net Loss

$(5,288,803)

$(1,562,307)

$(1,692,229)

$(1,465,121)

$(1,192,847)

Loss per share

$ (.09)

$(0.03)

$(0.04)

$(0.04)

$(0.04)

Net Assets

$ 1,019,659

$1,578,281

$2,070,627

$3,121,004

$2,321,253

Total Assets

$ 4,616,682

$3,047,061

$3,374,820

$3,970,972

$2,842,118

Capital Stock

$ 23,872,120

$21,005,419

$20,038,558

$19,404,606

$17,454,916

(a)

 As further discussed below and in the audited financial statements hereto, the Company’s 2006, 2005 and 2004 results reflect the expensing of stock options in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Canada promulgated during 2002.



- 10 -




Differences Between Canadian and United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

As discussed in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements, these consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with Canadian GAAP.  Differences in Canadian GAAP and US GAAP as they pertain to these financial statements are summarized as follows:

Accounting for Unrealized Gain or Losses on Long-term Investments

Canadian GAAP requires long term investments to be recorded at cost and written down to reflect permanent impairments in value.  Writedowns are recorded in the Statement of Operations.  US GAAP would require the Company’s long-term investments (available-for-sale securities) to be recorded at fair value in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“ SFAS ”) No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities”.  Unrealized gains and losses are recorded as other comprehensive income which is a separate component of shareholders’ equity, except for declines in fair value that are determined to be other than temporary. which are charged to the Statement of Operations.  The gross unrealized gains of $500,700 during 2006 and $61,027 during 2005 are described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements.

Writedowns recorded under Canadian GAAP reflect those that are believed to be permanent in nature.

Stock option compensation


Under Canadian GAAP, prior to the accounting change in 2004, the Company accounted for all stock-based compensation issued on or after January 1, 2002 to non-employees using the fair value based method and recognized no compensation expense for stock-based awards to employees when the exercise price of the awards was at least equal to the quoted market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.

On December 16, 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“ FASB ”) issued SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment” SFAS No. 123(R) requires the Company to measure all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and record such expense in its consolidated financial statements. In addition, SFAS No. 123(R) requires additional accounting related to the income tax effects and additional disclosure regarding the cash flow effects resulting from share-based payment arrangements. For public entities that do not file as a small business issuer, SFAS No. 123(R) is effective for the first interim or annual reporting period beginning after June 15, 2005.

Effective January 1, 2004, the Company adopted the Canadian GAAP fair-value-based method for all stock-based awards granted on or after January 1, 2004 and retroactively applied this method and restated all prior period consolidated financial statements. The Company has also early adopted, using modified prospective method as allowed under US GAAP, SFAS No. 123R.  Accordingly, there is no difference between the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows under Canadian GAAP and US GAAP arising from the accounting of stock-based compensation for periods beginning after January 1, 2004.

Prior to January 1, 2004, under US GAAP, the Company applied Accounting Principles Board Opinion (“ APB ”) No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”, and related Interpretation No. 44 in accounting for all stock options granted to employees and directors for director services.  Under APB No. 25, compensation expense is only recognized for stock options granted with exercise prices below the market price of the underlying common shares on the date of grant.  Stock options that have been modified to reduce the exercise price are accounted for as variable.

SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation”, requires the Company to record compensation to “non-employees” using the fair value based method prescribed therein similar to accounting principles in effect in Canadian GAAP for the years ended December 31, 2003.



- 11 -





Other Stock Based Compensation

During 2006, the Company incurred total costs of $514,190 relating to the issue of 14,077,225 common share units of the Company, of which $124,967 related to the fair value of warrants issued to agents. The fair value of these agent warrants was calculated on the closing date of the private placement using the Black-Scholes options pricing model with the following average assumptions.  Under both Canadian and US GAAP, the fair value of these warrants was charged to share capital and credited to contributed surplus as share issuance costs.  Thus, the net effect on the Company’s share equity is $Nil.

During 2005, the Company incurred costs of $63,275 relating to the issue of 453,824 common shares as compensation to agents in connection with the issuance of common share units of the Company.  Under Canadian GAAP, no value was assigned to these warrants granted to agents in connection with the private placements described in Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements.  Under US GAAP, these agent warrants were valued on the closing date of the private placement using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:

 

 

2006

2005

 

Risk-free rate

4.17%

3.77%

 

Dividend yield

Nil%

Nil%

 

Volatility factor of the expected market price of the Company’s common shares

75%

77%

 

Weighted average expected life of the options (months)

16

24

The agent warrants issued during the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 once exercised provide the agent with a unit which consists of one common share and warrants as outlined in Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements. The value of any additional warrants is not determinable and thus not measured until they are issued at which time the value will be charged against share capital as share issuance costs, such that the net effect will be $Nil on the Company’s shareholder’s equity.

Flow-through Shares

Under Canadian income tax regulations, a company is permitted to issue shares whereby the company agrees to incur qualifying expenditures and renounce the related income tax deductions to the investors.  The Company has accounted for the issuance of flow-through shares using the deferral method in accordance with Emerging Issues Committee (“ EIC ”) No. 146 under Canadian GAAP. At the time of issue, the funds received are recorded as share capital and upon renunciation to the shareholders, the Company reduces share capital and records a temporary future income tax liability for the amount of tax reduction renounced to the shareholders. In instances where the Company has sufficient available tax loss carryforwards or other deductible temporary differences available to offset the renounced tax deduction, the realization of the deductible temporary differences is credited to income in the period of renunciation. As at December 31, 2006, the Company renounced $2,724,565 (2005 - $302,831; 2004 - $720,000) in expenses and recorded, under Canadian GAAP,  an income tax recovery of $930,000  (2005 - $105,567; 2004 - $256,464).

For US GAAP, the proceeds of the sale of flow-through shares should be allocated between the offering of shares and the sale of tax benefits. The allocation is calculated based on the difference between the quoted market value of the Company’s shares and the proceeds received and a liability is recognized for this difference.  The liability is reversed upon renunciation and a deferred tax liability is recognized. The difference between the liability recognized at the time of issuance and the deferred tax liability will be included as income tax expenses.  As the flow-through units were sold for proceeds equal to the quoted market value of the Company’s common shares, no liability was recognized for all the periods presented.



- 12 -




Also under US GAAP, during 2004, when the flow-through units, which consisted of one flow-through share and detachable warrant, were issued to the Company’s President and certain directors, compensation expense of  $50,199 (based on the fair value of the warrants and the renounced tax benefit) was recognized in the Statement of Operations.  The fair value of the warrants was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:  risk free rate – 2.51%; dividend yield – Nil%; expected volatility of 96% and weighted average expected life of 1 year.

For the purposes of accounting under Canadian GAAP, the Company has presented activities for both restricted and unrestricted cash in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows as follows:  The Company reflects the proceeds received from flow-through shares net of issuance costs as a cash inflow from financing activities.  As the related flow-through proceeds are restricted for Canadian exploration activities, these proceeds are then reflected as a cash outflow and an increase in restricted cash under investing activities, even in periods that such cash is not expended.  When eligible exploration expenses are incurred, they are reflected as a cash inflow and a decrease in restricted cash under investing activities.  These cash inflows under the investing activities, which correspond to the decreases in restricted cash, effectively offset the actual cash outflows of the exploration expenses reported in the same period on a separate line under operating activities.

Asset Retirement Obligation

The Company adopted Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (“ CICA ”) 3110, “Asset Retirement Obligations” under Canadian GAAP effective January 1, 2004.  For US GAAP, the Company adopted SFAS No. 143, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations” as at January 1, 2003.  At that time, the Company estimated that the costs of the reclamation of the Cassiar Gold Property would be covered by the bonds held by the Company for such purposes.  During 2004, the Company received additional information regarding the required reclamation, decommission and clean-up activities and during 2005, the Company re-evaluated the accrual for asset retirement obligation and increased their estimated costs to a total of approximately $705,000.  This change in estimate resulted in the recognition of additional asset retirement obligations and a corresponding capitalization to the resource property. as at December 31, 2005 under US GAAP of $251,633.  As at December 31, 2006,, asset retirement obligations are $638,002 (2005 - $609,324), being the discounted present value of the approximated reclamation costs.  At the end of 2006, the Company evaluated the future recoverability of its resource property and wrote down the carrying amount of the resource property by the full amount of the additional asset retirement obligations of $Nil under both Canadian and US GAAP (2005 - $251,633 under US GAAP).

Convertible Debentures

Under Canadian GAAP, the proceeds from the issuance of convertible debentures with detachable warrants are allocated to the warrants issued and beneficial conversion feature based on their fair values. The remaining proceeds are allocated to debt which is then being accreted to the redemption value of the convertible debentures over the maturity period. On the date of conversion of debt to equity, the carrying value of debt is reclassified to equity with no additional interest accretion.

Under U.S GAAP, the proceeds from the issuance of convertible debentures, which are considered to be conventional convertible debt as defined in EITF 05-2, “The Meaning of “Conventional Convertible Debt Instrument” , with detachable warrants are allocated to the warrants issued (based on relative fair values of the debt instrument and the detachable warrants) and intrinsic value of beneficial conversion feature. The remaining proceeds are allocated to debt which is being accreted to the redemption value of the convertible debentures over the maturity period. On the date of conversion of debt to equity, the difference between the carrying amount and redemption amount is charged to statement of operations as interest expense. As a result, under US GAAP, the portion of proceeds allocated to detachable warrants based on relative fair value and beneficial conversion feature totaled $896,277 were recorded as debt discount which is being accreted over the term of the convertible notes

US GAAP requires the Company to present comprehensive income (loss) in accordance with SFAS No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income”, which establishes standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income (loss), its components and accumulated balances.  Comprehensive income comprises net income (loss) and all charges to shareholders’ equity except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.



- 13 -




The impact of the above on the financial statements is as follows:

 

2006

2005

2004

 

 

 

 

Net loss per Canadian GAAP

$(5,288,803)

$(1,562,307)

$(1,692,229)

Adjustments related to:

 

 

 

   Income tax recovery of flow through shares

(930,000)

(105,567)

(256,464)

Compensation expense on warrants and renouncement of tax benefit

-

-

(50,199)

Asset retirement obligation

-

-

(342,288)

Amortization of deferred financing fees

(31,565)

-

-

Accretion expenseon convertible debt

173,509

-

-

 

 

 

 

Net loss per US GAAP

(6,076,859)

(1,667,874)

(2,341,180)

Unrealized gains (losses) on investments

439,673

94,080

30,960

 

 

 

 

Comprehensive loss per United States GAAP

$(5,637,186)

$(1,573,794)

$(2,310,220)

Loss per share per US GAAP

     Basic and diluted

$(0.10)

$(0.03)

$(0.06)

 

 

 

 

Balance Sheets

 

 

 

Assets, per Canadian GAAP

$3,597,023

$3,047,061

 

Adjustments related to:

 

 

 

            Long-term investments and advances

500,700

61,027

 

            Deferred financing fees

70,068

-

 

Assets per US GAAP

$5,180,450

$3,108,088

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities per Canadian GAAP

$3,597,023

$1,468,780

 

Adjustments related to:
           Convertible notes

527,059

-

 

Liabilities per US GAAP

$4,124,082

$1,468,780

 

 

 

 

 

Shareholders’ equity per Canadian GAAP

$1,019,659

$1,578,281

 

Adjustment related to:

-

-

 

Accumulated comprehensive loss - unrealized loss on investments

500,700

61,027

 

Adjustment for convertible debt (f)

(456,991)

-

 

 

 

 

 

Shareholders’ equity per US GAAP

$1,063,368

$1,639,308

 

There were no differences between the cash provided by and used in operating, financing and investing activities under Canadian and U.S. GAAP.

Currency and Exchange Rates

The noon rate of exchange on June 29 , 2007 as reported by the Bank of Canada, for the conversion of Canadian dollars into U.S. dollars was Cdn$ 0.9404 per U.S.$1.00 (Cdn.$1.00 equals $ 1.0634).

 

Monthly High (1)

Monthly Low (1)

June 2007

0.9443

0.9294

May 2007

0.9337

0.8958

April 2007

0.8958

0.8621

March 2007

0.8660

0.8462



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February 2007

0.8632

0.8437

January 2007

0.8548

0.8457

(1)

The high and low exchange rate in each month has been calculated using the average buy/sell rate of the Bank of Canada

The following table sets forth (i) the rate of exchange for the Canadian dollar, expressed in U.S. dollars, in effect at the end of the periods indicated, (ii) the average of exchange rates in effect on the last day of each month during such periods, and (iii) the high and low exchange rates during such periods, each based on the noon rate of exchange as reported by the Bank of Canada for conversion of Canadian dollars into U.S. dollars.

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

High

$0.9134

$0.8682

$0.8537

$0.7867

$0.6583

Low

$0.8479

$0.7876

$0.7141

$0.7061

$0.6231

Average

$0.8817

$0.8254

$0.7683

$0.7136

$0.6369

Period End

$0.8346

$0.8598

$0.8300

$0.7738

$0.6329

3.B. Capitalization and Indebtedness

– Not Applicable –

3.C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

– Not Applicable –

3.D. Risk Factors


Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below as well as the other information contained and incorporated by reference in this Annual Report. These risks and uncertainties are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also impair our business operations. If any of such risks actually occur, our
business, prospects, financial condition, cash flows and operating results could be materially harmed .

Financial Uncertainty.  he Company’s objective is to delineate economic bodies of gold mineralization on its properties. The decision to go into full scale production and undertake additional exploration and development programs and feasibility studies will involve consideration and evaluation of several significant factors including, but not limited to: costs of bringing proven reserves into production, including additional exploration and development work, preparation of production feasibility studies; availability and costs of financing; ongoing costs of production; market prices for the metals to be produced; environmental compliance regulations and restraints; and political climate, governmental regulation and control, or both. In the mining industry, there is a well known tendency for prefeasibility studies and feasibility studies to significantly underestimate costs. Also, the limited amount of drilling to date completed on the Company’s outlined gold mineralization reduces the certainty that these deposits can be profitably mined. There is no assurance that these factors will be favourable so that full scale production and additional exploration will be economically feasible.


Additional Capital.   The mining, processing, development and exploration of our properties, will require substantial additional financing. Failure to obtain sufficient financing may result in delaying or indefinite postponement of exploration, development or production on any or all of our properties or even a loss of property interest. There can be no assurance that additional capital or other types of financing will be available if needed or that, if available, the terms of such financing will be favourable to the Company. Low gold prices in the future could adversely affect our ability to obtain financing.



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Inability to fulfill option agreement payment requirements.   We may not have sufficient funds to meet the payment requirements to American Bonanza Gold Corp under the option agreement on the Taurus Project which is described in further detail in “Item 4 – Information on the Company”, which would result in us withdrawing from the option agreement and subsequently giving up the claims which are subject to the agreement.  The terms of the option agreement require significant cash payments and there is no guarantee that the Company will be able to raise the amount of funds required.

Uncertainty of Profitability.  The Company has not yet fully explored or developed all targets on its properties and has not had net income from operations for the past three years. There can be no assurance that the Company will become profitable in the future. At present the Company’s only established reserves occur on the Cassiar Gold Property. There is no assurance that these reserves shall be economically mined.


Decline in Gold Production.   Our future gold production may decline as a result of an exhaustion of reserves and possible closure of mines. It is our business strategy to conduct gold exploratory activities at our existing mining and exploratory properties. We can provide no assurance that our gold production in the future will not decline.


Going Concern Uncertainty.  The Company’s continued existence as a going concern is dependent

upon its ability to achieve profitable gold production at the Table Mountain Mine and/or to continue to obtain adequate financing arrangements. There can be no assurance that the operations of the Company will be profitable in the future. The Company has limited financial resources and will require additional financing to further explore, develop, acquire and retain its property interests and if financing is unavailable for any reason, the Company may become unable to acquire and retain its mineral concessions and carry out its business plan. These circumstances raise doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, as described by our independent auditor on the December 31, 2006 and 2005 consolidated financial statements.  The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of that uncertainty.

Potential Dilution of Shareholder’s Equity.  It is likely that to obtain necessary funds, the Company will have to sell additional securities, including, but not limited to, its common shares or by other means, the effect of which would result in a substantial dilution of the present equity interests of the Company’s shareholders.

Fluctuating Price and Demand of Gold and Base Metals.  The demand for and supply of gold affects gold prices, but not necessarily in the same manner as supply and demand may affect the prices of other commodities. The supply of gold consists of a combination of new mine production and existing stocks of bullion and fabricated gold held by governments, public and private financial institutions, industrial organizations and private individuals. As the amounts produced in any single year constitute a very small portion of the total potential supply of gold, normal variations in current production do not necessarily have a significant impact on the supply of gold or on its price. There is a risk that the Company revenue from gold sales, if any, may never rise above the cost of production and as such operations may never become economical.  The profitability of the Company’s current operations is significantly affected by the market price of gold. Market gold prices can fluctuate widely and are affected by numerous factors beyond the Company’s control, including;

·

industrial and jewellery demand,

·

expectations with respect to the rate of inflation,

·

the strength of the US dollar (the currency in which the price of gold is generally quoted) and of other currencies,

·

interest rates,

·

central bank sales,

·

forward sales by producers,

·

global or regional political or economic events, and

·

production costs in major gold-producing regions such as South Africa, South America and the former Soviet Union.



- 16 -




The potential profitability of mineral properties owned by the Company is dependent upon many factors. For instance, world prices of and markets for non-precious and precious metals and minerals are unpredictable, highly volatile, potentially subject to governmental fixing, pegging, controls, or any combination of these three, and respond to changes in domestic, international, political, social and economic environments. Additionally, due to worldwide economic uncertainty, the availability and cost of funds for production and other expenses have become increasingly difficult, if not impossible, to project. These changes and events may materially affect the financial performance of the Company.


Competitiveness of Mining Industry.  The mining industry is intensely competitive. The Company competes with many major mining companies that have substantially greater financial and operational resources. Accordingly, there is a high degree of competition for desirable mining leases, suitable prospects and funding.  Even if commercial quantities of mineral resources are developed, a profitable market may not exist for sale of such minerals. In addition,  if commercial quantities are produced, we must sell any base metals, metal concentrates, by-product metals and concentrate, or gold at prices determined by world markets over which we have no influence or control. Our competitive position is determined by our costs in comparison to those of other producers in the world. If our costs increase due to our locations, grade and nature of ore bodies, or our operating and management skills, our revenues may be affected. We have to compete with larger companies that have greater assets and financial and human resources than we do, and which may be able to sustain larger losses than us to develop or continue business.


Uncertainty in the Estimation of Ore/Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources    

We have included mineral resource estimates that have been made in accordance with Canadian National Instrument 43-101.  These resources estimates are classified as “inferred resources”.  While this term is recognized and required by Canadian securities regulations, the U.S.  Securities and Exchange Commission does not recognize it.  Investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of mineral deposits classified as “inferred resources” will ever be converted into reserves.  Further, ‘inferred resources’ have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and economic and legal feasibility.  It cannot be assumed that all or any part of an inferred mineral resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category.  Under Canadian rules, estimates of inferred mineral resources may not form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies, except in rare cases.  Investors are cautioned not to assume that part or all of an inferred resource exists, or is economically or legally mineable.


There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating Ore/Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources, including many factors beyond Cusac’s control. Such estimation is a subjective process, and the accuracy of any reserve or resource estimate is a function of the quantity and quality of available data and of the assumptions made and judgments used in engineering and geological interpretation. Short-term operating factors relating to the Ore/Mineral Reserves, such as the need for orderly development of the ore bodies or the processing of new or different ore grades, may cause the mining operation to be unprofitable in any particular accounting period. In addition, there can be no assurance that gold recoveries in small scale laboratory tests will be duplicated in larger scale tests under on-site conditions or during production.


Fluctuation in gold prices, results of drilling, metallurgical testing and production and the evaluation of mine plans subsequent to the date of any estimate may require revision of such estimate. The volume and grade of reserves mined and processed and recovery rates may not be the same as currently anticipated. Any material reductions in estimates of Ore/Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources, or of Cusac’s ability to extract these Ore/Mineral Reserves, could have a material adverse effect on Cusac’s results of operations and financial condition

Fluctuations of Currency.  The Company’s products such as gold and base metals are traded in US dollars. It is subject to foreign currency fluctuations and such fluctuations may materially affect the Company’s financial position and results. The Company does not engage in currency hedging activities.

Risk of Mining Operations.  Mining operations generally involve a high degree of risk. Hazards such as unusual or unexpected geological formations, power outages, labour disruptions, flooding, explosions, rock-bursts, cave-ins, landslides, inability to obtain suitable or adequate machinery, equipment or labour, and other risks are involved. The Company may become subject to liability for pollution, cave-ins, or hazards against which it cannot adequately insure or which it may elect not to insure. Incurring any such liability may have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial position and operations.



- 17 -





Equipment.   Limits on equipment availability could delay our operations.  Natural resource exploration and development activities are dependent on the availability of drilling and related equipment in the particular areas where such activities will be conduced.  Demand for such limited equipment or access restrictions may affect the availability of such equipment to us and may delay exploration and, if applicable, development activities.


Infrastructure.   Existing infrastructure on the Property is well able to support the type of historic underground mining operations. Material buildings and equipment include:

  • 300 ton per day mill. The plant was built in 1986 and is considered fully modern for this type of mill. The mill is not outmoded or considered obsolete and is able to process ore with proper and routine maintenance. The plant has a crushing circuit with a coarse ore bin, 20" by 30' jaw crusher, 6' by 12' screen, 400 ton fine ore bin and 3' standard cone crusher. Ore is typically crushed to pass a 3/8" screen. The jaw crusher is fed directly from the coarse ore bin with no grizzly ahead of the jaw crusher.

    The grinding circuit consists of a 9' diameter by 10' long, 400 hp ball mill with cyclones for sizing and a jig on the cyclone underflow. The typical grind is 65 % minus 200 mesh. The jig concentrate is upgraded on a shaker table in a batch operation. Previously the jig concentrate was then sent to a refinery.

    From the grinding circuit the ore is pumped to a bank of 8 flotation cells. The concentrate is filtered in a twin disk filter and dried in a rotary drum drier. The dry concentrate is then bagged in 2 tonne bags for shipment to a smelter. Flotation tails are pumped to the tailings impoundment.

    The mill was idle from 1997 to 2006, except for a one month in 1999. Starting in June 2006, mill crews worked to prepare the plant to recommence production, which started at the end of 2006.

    During the first quarter of 2007, the Cusac Mill developed a problem with a conveyor system that moves ore into its primary jaw crusher. The problem was being caused by deterioration of the ramp that trucks were using to dump ore into the coarse ore bin, such that the ramp was leaning on the building housing the conveyor, creating pressure and causing the conveyor to jam. This problem has been repaired.

  • Tailings facilities.    There are two tailings storage facilities ("TSF") at the site. TSF1 was the original facility and is no longer in active use. Plans exist for the closure of TSF1 but there is also the possibility that the tailings could be treated in the future for the recovery of the remaining gold. TSF2 and TSF3 are the active sites and are adjacent to one another. The sites are located about 500 m northeast of the mill. TSF2 was built in two stages with the design and construction review by the engineering firm Knight Piesold. Phase 1 of TSF2 was constructed in late 1993 and phase 2 done in the spring of 1996. TSF2 contains about 112,000 tons of tailings at this time and there is some space remaining for additional tailings deposition. Knight Piesold inspected the facility in 2002 and outlined some work to be under taken including an upgrade to the spillway that may provide additional storage space in TSF2. In the fall of 1997 TSF3 was built. It is immediately adjacent to TSF2. TSF3 is noted by Knight Piesold in their 2002 inspection as ready to receive tailings. It is essentially empty except for the approximately 6,500 tons of tailings that were deposited into it in 2007.

  • Assay Laboratory.    The assay lab and sample preparation facilities are located in a small building near but separate from the mill. The lab is equipped for fire assaying with a gravity finish. A new microbalance, a lab scale, and lab supplies were procured in 2006 and a general clean up of the facilities was complete. The assay was fully operational at the end of 2006, throughout 2007 to date, and remains fully functional.

  • Powerhouse.    Electrical power to the site is diesel generated. A powerhouse attached to the mill building contains a new (2006) Volvo 250KVW genset, an older (1970s) CAT398 genset and another older 398 genset. The older gensets are functional but management believes they will need to be replaced in the event that the life of the mine is extended beyond its current one year to several years. The 398s are not fuel efficient and have high C02 emissions.

  • Office, workshops and other buildings.    The site has a fully functional 4,000 square foot office providing space for management, administrative and technical staff, as well as storage for files, data, parts inventory, computer equipment and meeting spaces. There are bunkhouses on the site but they are considered too old to be usable and as such the company utilized rented facilities off site at nearby Cassiar during 2006 band 2007. There is a 2 bedroom house on the site that was originally built as quarters for the mine manager but currently serves as the first aid building and quarters for first aid and other personnel.

Nature of Business.  The validity of mining claims is often uncertain and may be contested. In accordance with mining industry practice, the Company has surveyed the key claims of the known resources located within its properties. However, the boundaries of some of the Company’s mining properties have not been surveyed, and, therefore, in accordance with the mining laws of British Columbia, the precise location and area of these mining properties may be in doubt and could be the subject of competing claims. Title insurance is unavailable in Canada. The bulk of the Company’s claims have been held for at least 20 years, during which time there have been no disputes as per the Company’s knowledge.  However, there is no assurance that these claims will not be contested in the future.

Regulation of Mining Industry.  Mining operations are subject to federal, provincial and local laws relating to the protection of the environment, including laws regulating removal of natural resources from the ground and the discharge of materials into the environment. Milling operations are also subject to federal, provincial, and local laws and regulations, which seek to maintain health and safety standards by regulating the design and use of mining methods and equipment. Various permits from government bodies are required for mining operations to be conducted; no assurance can be given that such permits will be received. No assurance can be given that environmental standards imposed by federal, provincial, or local authorities will not be changed or that any such changes would not have material adverse effects on the Company’s activities. Moreover, compliance with such laws may cause substantial delays or require capital outlays in excess of those anticipated, thus causing an adverse effect on the Company. Additionally, the Company may be subject to liability for environmental damages, which it may elect not to insure against due to prohibitive premium costs and other reasons. Operations may be affected in varying degrees by government regulations with respect to restrictions on production, price controls, export controls, income taxes, expropriation of property, environmental legislation, and mine safety. To the best of our knowledge, the Company has obtained all necessary governmental permit approvals for development of its properties. If additional approvals are necessary for any development in the future, the Company intends to provide all the necessary information to regulatory authorities and adjust its development plans to enable it to obtain any requisite approvals. In the event the Company is not able to obtain the necessary approvals, the Company’s development plans and operations could be negatively impacted. The Company currently believes its operations throughout comply with all governmental regulations, and it intends to comply with all governmental regulations as it continues to explore, develop and, if possible, exploit its properties.

Challenges to Mineral Titles.   We may lose the ability to continue exploration and, if warranted, development of our mineral properties in the event that we do not own valid title.  If we do not have valid title to our mineral property interests, then we may lose the rights to explore and, if warranted, develop, these properties.  Although we have reviewed title to our mineral property interests in accordance with prevailing industry standards, we have not obtained formal title opinions and, consequently, we cannot provide assurances that there are no title defects affecting our properties.  Our properties may be subject to prior unregistered liens, agreements or transfers or other undetected title defects.  There is no guarantee that title to the properties will not be challenged or impugned.


Aboriginal Title Claims.   Recent Canadian jurisprudence requires governments to consult with aboriginal peoples with respect to grants of mineral rights and the issuance or amendment of project authorizations. This may affect our ability to acquire within a reasonable time frame effective mineral titles in some parts of Canada, particularly British Columbia, in which aboriginal title is claimed. The risk of unforeseen aboriginal title claims also exists in foreign jurisdictions and also could affect existing operations as well as development projects and future acquisitions. These legal requirements may affect our ability to expand or transfer existing operations or to develop new projects.



- 18 -





Legal Proceedings.   The nature of our business subjects us to numerous regulatory investigations, claims, lawsuits and other proceedings in the ordinary course of our business. The results of these legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. There can be no assurances that these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our business.


Maintenance of Good Relations with Operations and Production Workers   The Company could experience work stoppages or other disruptions in production that could adversely affect us. Increased competition in the mining industry may result in the Company having a difficult time attracting and retaining skilled workers.


Environment.   Environmental legislation affects nearly all aspects of our operations. Compliance with environmental legislation can require significant expenditures and failure to comply with environmental legislation may result in the imposition of fines and penalties, the temporary or permanent suspension of operations, clean up costs arising out of contaminated properties, damages and the loss of important permits. Exposure to these liabilities arises not only from our existing operations, but from operations that have been closed or sold to third parties. Our historical operations have generated significant environmental contamination. There can be no assurances that we will at all times be in compliance with all environmental regulations or that steps to achieve compliance would not materially adversely affect our business.


Environmental laws and regulations are evolving in all jurisdictions where we have activities. We are not able to determine the specific impact that future changes in environmental laws and regulations may have on our operations and activities, and our resulting financial position; however, we anticipate that capital expenditures and operating expenses will increase in the future as a result of the implementation of new and increasingly stringent environment regulation. Further changes in environmental laws, new information on existing environmental conditions or other events, including legal proceedings based upon such conditions or an inability to obtain necessary permits, could require increased financial reserves or compliance expenditures or otherwise have a material adverse effect on us. Changes in environmental legislation could also have a material adverse effect on product demand, product quality and methods of production and distribution.

ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

4.A. History and Development of the Company

General

Cusac Gold Mines Ltd. principal place of business and registered and records office is Suite –1600 – 409  Granville Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6C 1T2, telephone number (604) 682-2421 and facsimile number (604) 682-7576.  The Company’s website address is www.cusac.com and e-mail address is info@cusac.com . The Company’s contact person is Mr. David H. Brett, Director, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company.  The Company’s fiscal year ends December 31.

The Company is engaged in the business of acquisition, exploration, development and mining of precious metal resource properties.  The primary focus of the Company is the production of gold from operations at the Cassiar Gold Property (“ Cassiar Gold Property ” or the “ Property ”) located in the Cassiar Mining District of the Liard Mining Division in Northern British Columbia.

The common shares of the Company trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange (“ TSX ”) under the symbol “CQC”, the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board (“ OTCBB ”) in the United States under the symbol “CUSIF” and the Frankfurt Stock Exchange (“ FSE ”) under the symbol “DCB.”



- 19 -





Incorporation, Name Changes and Authorized Capital

The Company was incorporated pursuant to the laws of the Province of British Columbia on November 19, 1965, as a limited company under the name “Glen Copper Mines Limited” with an authorized capital of 3,000,000 shares without nominal or par value with a maximum price of $1.00 by registration of its Memorandum and Articles.  On March 14, 1966, the Company converted itself from a private company to a public company.  On May 17, 1993, the Company increased its authorized capital to 4,000,000 shares without nominal or par value with a maximum price of $1.00.  On January 18, 1974, the Company changed its name to “Cusac Industries Ltd.” and reduced its authorized capital to 3,000,000 shares without par value.  On May 9, 1978, the Company increased its authorized capital to 10,000,000 shares without par value.  On September 9, 1992, the Company increased its authorized capital to 100,000,000 shares without par value. On December 6, 1994, the Company amended its authorized capital to consist of 105,000,000 shares divided into 100,000,000 common shares without par value and 5,000,000 preference shares without par value. On July 17, 1995, the Company changed its name to “Cusac Gold Mines Ltd.” and amended its authorized capital to consist of 105,000,000 shares divided into 100,000,000 common shares without par value and 5,000,000 preference shares without par value of which the first series, consisting of 250,000 shares, is designated Series A convertible Preference Shares.  On November 26, 2006, the Company changed its authorized capital to an unlimited number of common shares without par value.

The Company had 68,926,436 common shares outstanding as of December 31, 2006.

The Cassiar Gold Property (formerly called the “Table Mountain Gold Property”)

The Cassiar Gold Property (the “ Property ”) located in the Cassiar Mining District of the Liard Mining Division in Northern British Columbia is comprised of approximately 175 square Kilometres (43,243.44 acres) of mostly contiguous mineral claims.  The Company acquired and assembled these mineral claims over a long period of time starting in the 1970s through a combination of staking, outright purchase or option-to-purchase agreements.  Except for the Company’s working interest in claims that are the subject of the Option Agreement with American Bonanza described in further detail below, all of the claims that make up the Property are now owned outright by the Company, with some claims subject to net smelter royalties (“ NSR ”) or net profit interests.

The Company is currently focusing on three key projects within the Property: (1) gold production from the Table Mountain Mine; (2) gold exploration in the Taurus II Project area; and (3) gold exploration in the Taurus Deposit area.  The Company believes that many other areas of the Property have exploration potential and the Company anticipates that it will pursue other opportunities as part of future work programs.  

The Taurus II Project is a gold exploration area with large-scale open pit potential located on mineral claims within the Property that are 100% owned by the Company.  The Taurus II Project is located 3 kilometers north of the Table Mountain Mine and 3 kilometers southwest of the Taurus Project.

The Taurus Deposit is a gold exploration area consisting of a number of broad, low grade, near surface gold zones that are located partly within claims under option from American Bonanza, as described below, and partly within the Company’s 100% owned claims on the Property.

Acquisition of the Cassiar Gold Property

The Company first acquired mineral property interests and conducted exploration activities in the Table Mountain area in 1978. In 1984, the Company conveyed its interests in the Property to a predecessor of Energold Minerals, Inc. (“ Energold ”) that operated a mine and established a mill at the site in exchange for a net profit interest in the production. From 1984 until 1989, the Company received over $6.8 million from its net profits interest in production from the Energold operations. Energold ceased operations at Table Mountain in 1989/1990.



- 20 -




In January 1993, the Company acquired all of Energold’s property interests at Table Mountain, that included Energold’s 300-ton per day mill,  various buildings at the site,  sundry mining equipment, various vehicles, substantial historical mining data and other capital goods in exchange for the issuance of 2,032,229 shares of the Company’s common stock at a deemed value of $1.2 million. Since that acquisition, the Company has invested approximately $7 million in developing ore reserves and improving the mining facilities.  Consequently, the Company became the owner of 100% in the vast majority of the claims that now make up the Property. Periodically, the Company drops certain claims that are deemed to have low exploration potential and adds new claims to cover new areas of interest.  The Property increased in size by 35 km 2 during and subsequent to year end.  35 km 2 of this increase was by staking and the Option Agreement with American Bonanza (described below) and 2.4 km 2 was by purchase of the Wing Gold 1-3, Wildcat 1-2 and Jennie Vein claims for $10,000 and 200,000 common shares.  

Peripheral portions of the Cassiar Gold Property have been subject to various option agreements.  In June of 1994, to fund further exploration on a portion of the Cassiar Gold Property, the Company granted Demand Gold Ltd. (formerly Demand Technologies, Inc., hereinafter “ Demand ”), a British Columbia corporation having certain officers and directors in common with the Company), an option to acquire a 50% interest in 30.2 square miles of the property. Subsequent to December 31, 1997, the option expired.

Option Agreement with American Bonanza – Claims Taurus Deposit

In 1995, Cyprus Canada Inc. (“ Cyprus ”) entered into agreements with International Taurus Resources Inc. (“ Taurus ”) and the Company to explore a group of claims comprising approximately 15 square miles north of the current Table Mountain Mine in an area then named the Taurus Project area (the “ Taurus Project ”).  In 1996, Cyprus withdrew from the Taurus Project and the Company entered into an agreement with Taurus to conduct additional work on the Taurus Project.  In 1998, the Company optioned the claims and completed reclamation of the Taurus Project site, but no further work was conducted and the agreement was subsequently terminated.   In 2003, Taurus entered into an agreement with Navasota Resources Ltd (the Company was not a party to this agreement) under which Navasota completed additional diamond drilling and other exploration at the Taurus Project.  Navasota exited the agreement at the end of 2004.

In 2005, Taurus merged with American Bonanza Gold Mining Inc. to form a new company with the similar name, and, accordingly, is the new tenure holder of the claims formerly subject to the Taurus Mining Venture Agreement.

In June of 2007, the Company completed an option agreement (the “ Option Agreement ”) to acquire 46 mineral claims from American Bonanza Gold Corp (“ American Bonanza ”) that cover a large part of the Taurus Project, which has now been renamed the Taurus Deposit (the “ Taurus Deposit ”).  The Option Agreement provides the Company with a working interest in the claims belonging to Bonanza, ten of which are subject to a 2.5% NSR payable to Sable Resources Ltd.  .  

The Option Agreement with American Bonanza calls for Cusac to pay 1.5 million common shares on closing (paid), $6-million over two years ($1.5-million every six months), and $3-million upon completion of a positive feasibility study recommending production, or production, whichever comes first. A further 1.5 million shares are payable in two years. In the event that the price of gold closes above $800 (U.S.) per ounce for a period of 100 consecutive days, Cusac is to pay American Bonanza an additional $1-million in two years and an additional $1-million at feasibility. Cusac may elect to complete the purchase within the first 12 months which will limit Cusac's payments to $6-million, 1.5 million shares and $3-million at feasibility.

Memorandum of Understanding with Dease River First Nation

In September 2006 the Company entered into a memorandum of understanding (“ MOU ”) with the Dease River Band Council of Good Hope Lake, BC, part of the Kaska Nation and whereby the parties have agreed to work together to support the Company’s exploration and mining activities near Cassiar, BC, in a way that respects and acknowledges the rights and aspirations of the Kaska First Nation regarding their Traditional Territories.

Under the MOU, the parties acknowledge that the Company’s Cassiar Gold Property lies within Kaska Traditional Territory, and that rights to traditional uses of the land, such as hunting and fishing, extend across the Property. The MOU also sets out a framework whereby the Company will ensure that information regarding opportunities for employment, contracting, materials supply, and provision of other services are provided to the Dease River Band Council at Good Hope Lake, BC, in a timely manner. The Company presently and in the past has employed and trained members of the Good Hope Lake community, and negotiations are ongoing as to possible supply of lumber, fuel and other goods and services. The MOU also acknowledges that consultation and information sharing are of prime importance and a regular timetable for meetings and discussion is set out.



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4.B. Business Overview

The primary business of the Company is the exploration for and production of gold from the Property.  The Company is currently focused on gold production from the Table Mountain Mine and exploration of the areas known as the Taurus II Project the Taurus Deposit.

The Company’s primary interest is in gold resources that are typically in the mountains and not in the low-lying areas where placer mining takes place.  The Company is not interested in gold that may be contained in gravel or loose material in creeks and drainages as these deposits are typically difficult to quantify and hence challenging to ascertain the economic viability of a given claim.  Private individuals with small operations have been known to work some of the placer claims that in some places overlap the Company’s hard-rock claims.

Table Mountain Mine

The core productive portion of the Property is the Table Mountain Mine which has been fully controlled and 100% owned by the Company since 1993. Mining operations at the Table Mountain mine commenced in 1993 and continued until low grades and weak bullion prices forced suspension of continuous operations in the fourth quarter of 1997. Limited operations resumed in July of 1998 and continued until June of 1999. Between April of 1994 and suspension of operations the Company produced approximately 63,000 ounces of gold from the property.  

In 1997, the Company suspended mine operations and entered into “care and maintenance” mode with regards to the Table Mountain Mine, except for a brief production run in 1999, due to the low gold prices in the late 1990’s and early 2000’s and difficulty in raising capital.  

During 2006 the Company raised the capital required to place the Table Mountain Gold Mine back into production focusing on the Rory and East Bain Veins.  Production from the Rory Vein took place on a very limited scale at the end of 2006, and increased in the first quarter of 2007.  In 2006, milling of a total of 325 dry tons grading 0.136 ounces per ton produced 41 ounces of gold. The Company encountered extremely complex structural conditions at the Rory Vein leading to drastically reduced tonnage and grade.  

During the first-half of 2007, the company mined and produced 634 ounces of gold and incurred significant losses from this production.  During the three-month period ending March 31, 2007, posted a net loss of $1,884,379, or three cents per share. The loss is attributable to significantly lower than expected gold production from the Rory Vein at the company's Table Mountain Gold Mine, due mainly to structural and mineralogical complexities. During the quarter the company processed 3,503 tons of ore with an average grade of 0.109 ounce per ton gold, resulting in production of 319 ounces of gold and revenue of $193,758 (net of treatment and refining charges). Subsequent to March 31, the company processed an additional 2,688 tons at an average grade of 0.141 ounce per ton gold producing an additional 315 ounces of gold.

In light of the low tonnage and grades experienced at the Rory vein, the Company initiated a review of the structure, including proposed drilling, to better understand and define the resource. During the second quarter of 2007, the Company has remobilized all mining staff and equipment to the East Bain vein. The East Bain is an extension of West Bain, where Cusac mined 60,000 tons of ore grading 0.40 ounce per ton gold between 1993 and 1995. Until the review of the Rory vein is complete, the Company is reducing its forecast production to 14,000 ounces for 2007, representing production from the East Bain Vein, expected to commence in the third quarter of 2007. The Company also reduced its work force at the mine site during the East Bain vein development period.  Investors should note that no guarantee can be given that expected production will proceed.  Further financing is required to complete the Company’s mining plan and there can be no assurances that such financing will be completed.

The Company’s planned work program for the balance of 2007 is to develop and produce gold from the East Bain vein.  If the company is successful in raising additional funds and production from the East Bain Vein proceeds as planned, the Company expects to produce 14,000 ounces of gold in 2007.



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Taurus II Project

Cusac first began exploration on the Taurus II Project in 2005, continued in 2006 and discovered the Oro System.  During June of 2007, the Company completed an additional 5 drill holes on the Oro Vein.  Results of 3 of these holes were available at time of writing and, as disclosed via press release, included an intersection grading 20 grams per tonne gold over 1.1 meters and is considered by management to be a target for high-grade underground gold mineralization.  Further exploration is planned for the Oro Vein.

Taurus Deposit

A 25-hole diamond drill program is under way to expand and further define the Taurus Deposit.  Drilling on the Oro Vein is now complete and assays are pending. Our immediate goal is to complete the additional work required to commence a National Instrument 43-101-compliant prefeasibility study, focusing on the 88-Hill zone as a potential starter pit.

Competition

We compete with other mineral resource exploration companies for financing, for the acquisition of new mineral properties and for the recruitment and retention of qualified employees and other personnel. Many of the mineral resource exploration and development companies with which we compete have greater financial and technical resources. Accordingly, these competitors may be able to spend greater amounts on acquisitions of mineral properties of merit, on exploration of their mineral properties and on development of their mineral properties. In addition, they may be able to afford more geological expertise in the targeting and exploration of mineral properties. This competition could result in competitors having mineral properties of greater quality and interest to prospective investors who may finance additional exploration and development. This competition could adversely impact on our ability to finance further exploration and to achieve the financing necessary for us to develop our mineral properties.

Mineral Claims

The mineral claims owned outright by the Company consist of full and fractional mineral claims and Crown Grants.  In British Columbia, “Free Miner’s Certificate” holders may freely claim mineral rights, now done completely through an online system, on areas open to staking under the Mineral Tenure Act, subject to paying prescribed fees and performing a minimum amount of work each year (or pay cash in lieu of such work).

The Company’s hard rock mineral claims expire in 2008 and may be renewed automatically provided that the regulatory minimum investment in assessment work is duly filed with the appropriate provincial authorities each year.  Crown Grants are acquired as a fee simple interest in the minerals in perpetuity granted to the holder.  Once obtained, no further work or filings are required to keep Crown Grants in good standing except for the payment of taxes.  Presently the Company has performed sufficient work such that the Property is in good standing with the government until the year 2009.  Work currently underway will provide additional credits that the Company plans to apply, likely extending the expiry dates of the claims several more years into the future.

The Option Agreement with American Bonanza provides the Company with a working interest in the claims owned by American Bonanza and an option to acquire those claims outright, subject to making the required payments and satisfying all of the other conditions outlined in the Option Agreement as described above.

4.C. Organizational structure

The Company has one inactive wholly-owned subsidiary, Gulf Titanium Inc., incorporated pursuant to the laws of the State of Montana.



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4.D. Property, Plants and Equipment

Office Space

The Company subleases its office space on a month-to-month basis at –1600 - 409 Granville Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6C 1V5 pursuant to an agreement with Equitable Real Estate.  The monthly rental payment is $2,872.99.

The Cassiar Gold Property

A report entitled “Technical Report on the Rory Vein, Table Mountain Gold Property, Liard Mining district, British Columbia, Canada “ dated November 14, 2004 and  “Technical Report on Taurus II Project, Table Mountain Gold Property, Liard Mining district, British Columbia, Canada” dated October 13, 2005 have been prepared for the Company by Dale A. Sketchley, M.Sc., P.Geo. (the “Sketchley Report”).  A further technical report on the Taurus Deposit was recently prepared for the Company by Kevin Palmer, P.Geo, and Andre de Ruijter, P.Eng. of Wardrop, titled “Technical Report on the Taurus Deposit – Liard Mining District, B.C.” dated June 11, 2007 (the “Wardrop Report”).  These reports can be reviewed in their entirety through the website www.sedar.com .

The following information has been summarized from these Technical Reports.

Except for the claims that are the subject of the Option Agreement with American Bonanza, all of the claims that make up the Property are now owned outright by the Company, with some claims subject to net smelter royalties (“NSR”) or net profit interests.  A list of the claims owned outright by the Company are as follows:

 

Tenure

Number

Tenure

Type

Claim Name

Owner

Map

Number

Good To

Date

Status

221632

Mineral

SUN

105981 (100%)

104P022

2009/jun/30

GOOD

221633

Mineral

UP

105981 (100%)

104P022

2009/jun/30

GOOD

226156

Mineral

RED HILL NO.5

105981 (100%)

104P022

2009/jun/30

GOOD

226157

Mineral

RED HILL NO.6

105981 (100%)

104P022

2009/jun/30

GOOD

226193

Mineral

JENNIE EXTENSION #4

105981 (100%)

104P022

2009/jun/30

GOOD

226194

Mineral

JENNIE EXTENSION #1

105981 (100%)

104P022

2009/jun/30

GOOD

226195

Mineral

JENNIE EXTENSION #2

105981 (100%)

104P022

2009/jun/30

GOOD

226196

Mineral

JENNIE EXTENSION #3

105981 (100%)

104P022

2009/jun/30

GOOD

387811

Mineral

WILDCAT 2

105981 (100%)

104P022

2008/jun/30

GOOD

392766

Mineral

WILDCAT 1

105981 (100%)

104P022

2008/jun/30

GOOD

394659

Mineral

WING GOLD 1

105981 (100%)

104P022

2013/jun/28

GOOD

394660

Mineral

WING GOLD 2

105981 (100%)

104P022

2013/jun/28

GOOD

394661

Mineral

WING GOLD 3

105981 (100%)

104P022

2013/jun/28

GOOD

510750

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

510751

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

510766

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

510768

Mineral

OLE’ 1-9

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

511229

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2010/jun/30

GOOD

511346

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2010/jun/30

GOOD

511352

Mineral

REDER 1-10

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

511359

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

511365

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

511368

Mineral

GRAB 1-2

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD



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511371

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

511380

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/29

GOOD

511385

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

511387

Mineral

TRACKER 1-20

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

511394

Mineral

EASTER 1-25

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

514057

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

514088

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

514497

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

514508

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

514509

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

514937

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

514939

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

514943

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

514944

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

514945

Mineral

 

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

517020

Mineral

NC3

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

517048

Mineral

AUREX

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

517063

Mineral

ARGOLD

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

517075

Mineral

OLEW

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

517092

Mineral

OLEE

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

517109

Mineral

WATT

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

517124

Mineral

AMP

105981 (100%)

104P

2009/jun/30

GOOD

533464

Mineral

JENNIE VEIN

105981 (100%)

104P

2008/may/03

GOOD

537128

Mineral

STEEP CREEK 1-7

105981 (100%)

104P

2007/jul/13

GOOD

A list of the claims that are the subject of the Option Agreement with American Bonanza and which comprise part of the Taurus Deposit are as follows:

Tenure #

Claim Name

Good to Date

Area (ha)

Owner

221785

Hanna 9

2007/Sep/11

225

American Bonanza

221900

Portal 2

2007/Sep/11

225

American Bonanza

221901

Portal 1

2007/Sep/11

375

American Bonanza

222080

MM 1 Fr.

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226142

Mack #1 (1)

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226143

Mack #2 (1)

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226144

Mack #3 (1)

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226145

Mack #4 (1)

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226146

Hopefull #1 (1)

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226147

Hopefull #2 (1)

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226148

Hopefull #3 (1)

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226149

Hopefull #4 (1)

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226150

Hillside (1)

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226151

Highgrade (1)

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226207

Thrust

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226208

Copco #1

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza



- 25 -





Tenure #

Claim Name

Good to Date

Area (ha)

Owner

226209

Copco #2

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226210

Copco #3

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226211

Copco #4

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226212

Copco #5

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

226213

Copco #6

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227201

Roy 1

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227202

Roy 2

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227203

Roy 3

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227204

Roy 4

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227536

Tod #7

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227537

Tod #8

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227694

Atlas #1

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227695

Atlas #2

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227696

Atlas #3

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227697

Atlas #4

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227698

Atlas #5

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227699

Atlas #6

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227700

Atlas #7

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227701

Atlas #8

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227702

Atlas #9

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227703

Atlas #10

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227704

Atlas #11

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227705

Atlas #12
Fractional

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

227708

Dor #1

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

331105

Miss Daisy 1

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

331106

Miss Daisy 2

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

331167

Bes 1

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

331168

Bes 2

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

332630

Tor 2

2007/Sep/11

450

American Bonanza

395270

Fireweed

2007/Sep/11

25

American Bonanza

(1)

Claim subject to 2.5% NSR payable to Sable Resources Ltd.



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Location

The Property is situated in northern British Columbia, 115 km southwest of Watson Lake, Yukon Territory, and 120 km northeast of Dease Lake, British Columbia (see Figure 1).  The Cassiar Gold Property is located in the Cassiar Mining District of the Liard Mining Division of British Columbia (see Figure 2).  


[CUSAC20F002.JPG]

Figure 1.  Cassiar Gold Property – Provincial Location Map.



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The following map shows the location of the Taurus II Project and the Taurus Deposit in relation to the Cassiar Gold Property:

[CUSAC20F003.JPG]

Figure 2: Cassiar Gold Property Map

Accessibility, Climate, Infrastructure and Physiography

Accessibility

The Property is accessible via Highway 37, a major access route from British Columbia to the Yukon and Alaska, which is maintained and kept open all year.  The small town of Dease Lake, 120 km south of the Property, has an airport with regularly scheduled air service.  Watson Lake in the Yukon, which is 115 km northwest of the Property via Highway 37 and Alaska Highway, only has charter air service available.

One can reach the Property either directly by car or first by plane to Dease Lake or Whitehorse, Yukon followed by a drive on Highway 37 or the Alaska Highway.  The abandoned town of Cassiar is northwest of the Property and the unincorporated settlement of Jade City is on Highway 37 at the road entrance to Cusac’s mine’s (the “Cusac Mine”) facilities.  Numerous secondary haul roads, accessible by two-wheel-drive vehicles, connect to all parts of the Property from Highway 37.  Four-wheel-drive and off-road vehicles are required to access more remote areas of the Property where roads or trails are in poor condition.

Climate

The climate is characterized by short warm summers and long cold winters.  Underground mining, which is most common, can be conducted year round, and small open pit mining, which is less common, is conducted in the summer months.



- 28 -




Infrastructure

Existing infrastructure on the Property is well able to support the type of historic underground mining operations but, except for favourable road access, no infrastructure is currently in place to support a large scale open pit mining operation envisaged at the areas known as Taurus and Taurus II (see Figure 1 for location of these areas). The Company’s underground operational infrastructure is well established with defined reserves outlined (see below) whereas the Property’s open pit mining is considered exploratory in nature.

The mill on the Property (the “ Cusac Mill ”) was constructed in 1986 and was last operated in 1999 prior to recommencement of production in late 2006.  During the first quarter of 2007, the Cusac Mill developed a problem with a conveyor system that moves ore into its primary jaw crusher.  The problem was being caused by deterioration of the ramp that trucks were using to dump ore into the corse ore bin, such that the ramp was leaning on the building housing the conveyor, creating preassure and causing the conveyor to jam.  During March and April, the Company rented a portable crusher , as repairs to the ramp were best undertaken during warmer summer weather.  Final repairs to the conveyor and ramp are expected to take place in July 2007 at a cost of approximately $75,000.

There are two tailings disposal facilities, one of which has been partially reclaimed.  Deposits of material from placer mining are present along McDame Creek.  In 2004, management of the Company estimated asset retirement obligations totalling approximately $500,000 (consisting of estimated annual payments of approximately $50,000 for a period of 10 years) based on its understanding of the requirements to reclaim, decommission and clean up the Table Mountain Mine.  Subsequent to the end of the period, on June 13, 2005, the BC Ministry of Energy and Mines (the “Ministry”) issued M-127, an amended mining permit, (the “Amended Permit”) to the Company, whereby the Company must complete, to the satisfaction of the Ministry, reclamation work in the order of $705,000 when the Table Mountain Gold Mine closes.  Under the Amended Permit, the Company is required to pay a bond payment of an additional $150,000 per year by December 31 of each year for three years and $140,556 in the fourth year, for an aggregate total of $705,000.  The Company obtained from the Ministry an extension of time to June 1, 2006 to place the $150,000 required at December 31, 2005, which was completed on time.  The Amended Permit provides that the Company may reduce the liability of the annual bond increase amount by performing required reclamation work.  Work permits are required on an as-needed basis in advance of the work being conducted.

During 2006, the Company received a further amended M-127 Permit allowing the Company to proceed with its planned mining of the Rory and East Bain Veins.  The Amended M-127 Permit adjusted the bond requirement such that in addition to the $150,000 placed into bond prior to June 30, 2007, a further $290,556 is required to be placed into bond as follows:


 

On or before

 

 

Amount

 

Balance Paid

 

$

264,444

 

December 31, 2006 (Extended to June 30, 2007)

 

 

150,000

 

June 30, 2007

 

 

150,000

 

December 31, 2008

 

 

140,556

 

Total

 

$

705,000


Physiography

Valleys on the Property are comprised of shallow lakes and swamps with thick, stunted growths of pine and spruce.  Treed areas on the Property extend upland where they give way to open brush and alpine meadows. Although the surrounding mountainous areas are rugged, much of the Property has rolling topography.  Placer workings extend from McDame Lake to McDame Creek for about 20 km.



- 29 -




History and Previous Work

History of the Cassiar Gold Property

In 1934, the first gold-bearing quartz veins were found in Quartzrock Creek.  Following this, numerous veins were discovered and many claims were staked.  The higher-grade portions of these veins were exploited by small-scale mining over the next forty years.  At one point, half-a-dozen abandoned mill sites with capacities of less than 12 tons per day existed in the area.  Well-known individuals that played an important role in the early years include John Vollaug, Hans Ericksen, J.R. Boulton, John Hope, F. Callison, Pete Hamlin, and Fred and Guilford Brett.  Cusac’s interest in the area began with the prospecting efforts of Fred and Guilford Brett who formed Glen Copper Mines Ltd., which evolved into Cusac Industries Ltd., and in 1995, Cusac Gold Mines Ltd.  At present, the Company’s mineral claims cover the entire Cassiar Gold Camp (which includes all gold occurrences in the Cassiar mountain range in the vicinity of the former town of Cassiar, Table Mountain and Jade City).

In 1978, Agnes and Jennie Mining Company Limited and Nu-Energy Development Corp., which later amalgamated to become Erickson Gold Mining Corporation (“ Erickson ”), commenced the first large scale production from the Jennie Vein in the Main Mine (see Figure 3 for the location of the various veins on the Cassiar Gold Property).  In 1979 and 1980, Cusac conducted work in the area of the Cusac Mine.  During 1980, Plaza Mining Corporation (“ Plaza ”) commenced open pit production from the eastern portion of the Vollaug Vein.  Between 1978 and 1984, development of the Main Mine (also known as the Erickson Mine) was expanded to include workings on four main levels to exploit the Jennie, Maura, Alison, and Bear Veins.  Esso Resources Canada Limited conducted exploration around the Main Mine in the early 1980s.

[CUSAC20F005.JPG]



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[CUSAC20F006.JPG]

Figure 3: Schematic Longitudinal Sections of the Cassiar Gold Property.

Exploration around Quartzrock Creek by United Hearne Resources Limited in the late 1970s lead to the commencement of production at the Taurus Mine in 1981, which continued until 1988.  At the same time, Sable Resources Ltd. and Plaza Resources Ltd. developed underground workings on the east side of 88 Hill, which is in the area marked “Taurus” on Figure 3 and within the area called “Taurus Project” on Figure 2 above.

In 1982, Cusac discovered and conducted minor work on several veins at Pooley Creek.  In 1983, Erickson commenced production from the Troutline Mine at the eastern end of the Vollaug Vein and from various open pits along the Vollaug Vein.  In the following year, Cusac optioned its property to Erickson (which had acquired Plaza in the previous year) and continued to expand its property holdings.

In 1985, Total commenced production from the Eileen Vein (which is part of the “Cusac” area on Figure 3 above) in the Cusac Mine and, in 1986, discovered additional veins in the area.  During 1988, Total started work on level 10, a 2.5 km drift to access the Michelle High Grade Vein (also part of the “Cusac Mine”) (the “ MHG Vein ”), which could not be accessed from the Cusac Mine because of high water flows.  Production from the Cusac Mine and Main Mine ceased, with only minor production continuing on the Vollaug Vein.  Work on level 10 ceased in 1989 due to high costs and high water flows.

In 1991, as Total wished to divest itself of all North American mineral assets, Cusac purchased all such assets, free and clear of any royalties and re-opened the Cusac Mine.  In 1993, Cusac commenced production on the Bain Vein (the “ Bain Mine ”).  During the development of the Cusac decline to the MHG Vein, the Big Vein, both part of the Cusac Mine on Figure 3, was defined and mined.  Mining of the MHG Vein commenced in June 1995, and continued through 1997.

The Katherine Vein, also part of the Cusac Mine, was open pit mined during 1995, and in early 1996, the level 10 development was extended by 250 metres.  Additional mining was conducted on the Vollaug, Melissa, and Lily Veins during 1996 and 1997, and surface mining was done on the Bear Vein during 1998.



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In 1995, Cyprus entered into agreements with Taurus and the Company on the Taurus Project, which resulted in the definition of an inferred open pitable resource.  In 1996, Cyprus withdrew from the Taurus Project, and the Company entered into an agreement with Taurus, under which agreement the Company conducted additional work that defined an indicated resource.  In 1998, the Company optioned the claims and consolidated the entire Cassiar Gold Camp under one operator.  The Company completed reclamation of the Taurus Mine site, but no further work was conducted, and the agreement was subsequently terminated.

During 2002, Cusac conducted diamond drilling on the East Bain Vein , located on strike of the Bain Vein on Figure 3, which confirmed the existence of a gap with the West Bain Vein, but failed to extend the vein to the east.  In 2004, the Company spent approximately $1.2 million on exploration on the Property, resulting in the discovery and definition of the Rory Vein.  .

Due to low gold prices and difficulty in raising capital, the Company suspended mine operations in 1997 and entered into a “care and maintenance” mode with regards to the Table Mountain Gold Mine, except for a brief mill run in 1999.

As described above, partly due to significantly increased gold prices, the Company completed a financing enabling the Company to recommence the operation with the objective of producing gold again from the Property.  To time of writing, the Company’s gold production has been minimal and there can be no assurance that any gold production will result from the Company’s current efforts.

History of the Taurus II Project

In 2005, the Company developed an exploration program designed to test bulk-tonnage gold targets in the vicinity of the existing Taurus Deposit. The Taurus Deposit is a disseminated gold prospect that lies on the Cassiar Gold Property as well as claims owned by American Bonanza (please refer to the claim map in “Property Description and Location”). On claims owned 100% by the Company in the vicinity of the Taurus Deposit is an area where the geology and previous exploration indicates the possibility of a n open pit style disseminated gold deposit and/or underground style high‑grade quartz vein gold mineralization. The Company’s new exploration initiative in this area is called the Taurus II Project.

The Company reported several encouraging new targets with bulk tonnage, disseminated gold potential had been outlined during Phase I of its Taurus II Project initiative. The top priority target was a zone of alteration and quartz veining where past trenching returned potentially economic gold values in quartz and altered wall rock. Phase I involved a detailed compilation, digitization and interpretation of the Company’s Taurus Deposit area data base created over three decades through work by various companies working in the Cassiar Gold Camp.

The second priority target, called the Somerville System, a 500 by 100 meter area located approximately 200 meters from the Backyard System to the west, was also the site of extensive trenching by Energold that outlined abundant quartz veining and alteration zones with samples displaying potentially economic gold values.

During Phase II of the Company’s Taurus II Project exploration, a total of 13 holes comprising 2, 444 meters of diamond drilling were completed. The drilling outlined low-grade gold mineralization over potentially economic widths, although the results are preliminary and no economic analysis had been concluded.

A total of 1,140 meters were drilled in 6 holes on the Backyard System which is the largest exposed zone of quartz veining and carbonate-pyrite altered volcanics on the Taurus II Project area. Significant results in the Backyard System include 1.43g/t Au over 3.7 meters in hole 05BY-03, 3.72 g/T Au over 2.20 meters in hole 05BY-04, and several other intercepts of more than 2 meters grading at or above 1 g/t in the Backyard System holes.

During June of 2007, the Company completed an additional 5 drill holes on the Oro Vein. Results the drilling confirm the potential for economic gold mineralization and as such management desires to complete further exploration of the Oro Vein, although no currently approved plans and budgets for such work are in place.

 

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History of the Taurus Deposit

The Taurus Deposit was originally covered by seven claims of the Cornucopia Group staked by J.C. Simpson in 1935.  Simpson carried out stripping, trenching and rock sampling until 1944.  The following year, Benroy Gold Mines Ltd. optioned the property and completed more than 700 metres of trenching and 1500 metres of diamond drilling.

The claims were restaked in 1959 by Couture and Copeman who hand-mined 25 tons of high-grade ore from a short adit.  In 1960, Cornucopia Exoplorations Ltd. was incorporated to acquire the property and in 1961 changed its name to Hanna Gold mines Ltd. and proceeded with 1180 metres of drifting and crosscutting, and 1000 metres of diamond drilling.

In 1964, Newconex Canadian Exploration Ltd. optioned the property and completed an additional 180 metres of drifting and crosscutting and 210 metres of drilling.  In 1972, hanna gold Mines became Dorchester Resources ltd. and rehabilitated and resampled the main 3600 level adit, and completed another 223 metres of underground diamond drilling between 1973 and 1975.  In 1978, Ashlu Gold Mines Ltd. optioned the property and completed 7.2 kilometres of ground-based magnetometer and electromagnetic surveys.  In 1979, United Herne Resources Ltd. optioned the property and continued underground development and drilling.

A 135 tonne per day mill was constructed at the Taurus Deposit in 1980-81, treating 220,000 tones of ore, averaging 5.14 grams per tonne gold prior to closing in 1988.  During the time of the mine operation exploration was limited to gaining information on accessible mineralization from existing workings.  This meant primarily the veins located above the Decline Fault.  A few holes did however penetrate the decline fault and several pyrite veins were intersected in addition to a unit described as rhyolite.

After the closure of the mine at the Taurus Deposit, several companies explored other mineralized areas of the property that were not actively explored during the time of operations.  Geochemistry, geophysics and more than 25,000 metres o drilling were completed between 1993 and 1997.  Companies involved included Cusac, Sable Resources ltd., International Taurus Resources Inc., Hera Resources Inc., Cyprus Canada and Navasota Resources in 2003.



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In 1988, drilling in the 88 Hill area discovered the 1988-1 and 1988-2 vein systems. Hole 88- 5 intersected 5.99 g/t over 12.34 metres; subsequently, a small open pit extracted 2600 tonnes grading 2.06 g/t from the 1988-2 vein. The 1994-drill program, completed by International Taurus, totalled 7,592 metres in 88 holes, predominantly on the north side of the highway, west along strike from the Taurus workings, dubbed the Taurus West zone. Drilling, mainly NQ size, encountered a mineralized zone locally over 200 feet in width, consisting of a quartz stockwork system in a broad zone of pyritic altered basalt. An example of this mineralization is recorded in drill hole, 94-56 which intersected 1.6 g/t over 44.5 metres core length. Cyprus Canada Inc. conducted an extensive diamond drilling program of 12,692 metres in 79 holes concentrated in the Taurus West, 88 Hill, and Taurus Mine areas. In March 1995, four holes drilled on section 1100W intersected long intervals of disseminated pyrite mineralization that included 2.47 g/t over 86 metres in T95-29 in the Taurus West area. Unfortunately, continuity between holes combined with metallurgical test recoveries resulted in lower emphasis on Taurus West as a target in subsequent programs.

Both diamond core and reverse circulation (RC) percussion drills have been used on the property. Variable core recoveries have resulted in some statements that RC is the preferred technique. Broughton, D. and Masson, M. (1996): Report on 1995 Exploration Program on the Taurus Deposit, B.C., NTS 104P/5, Unpublished Report for Cyprus Canada Inc. concluded that these variances between core and RC holes in disseminated pyrite mineralization were the result of statistical variation, systematic overestimation of grade due to contamination in RC samples, Cusac Gold Mines Ltd. 16 0753250100-REP-R0001-02 Technical Report on the Taurus Deposit – Liard Mining District, B.C. and/or a more representative sample from RC due to the greater sample size. No firm conclusion can be made from their study.

In late 2003, Navasota Resources Limited conducted a two-phase program consisting firstly of general geological compilation with some geochemistry, as well as limited remapping and re-logging of specific core. Phase II consisted of a drill hole program made up of 13 NW holes totalling 1,974 metres in length. The holes were designed to test the zones identified in post-1994 work. In general terms, these results confirmed the results reported in previous programs on the Taurus Deposit. The zones intersected in the 2003 program do not seem to match up identically with those from previous work; therefore, more work is needed to understand the nature of the zones on the property. Difficulties arising from the high nugget affect associated with the T4 mineralization may be the cause of this, and some small test pits and/or underground sampling may be needed to understand the geology better.

Geological Environment

The Property contains numerous occurrences of gold-bearing quartz veins, many of which have been mined underground.  Numerous old surface disturbances such as access roads, trenches, open pits, underground staging areas, and drill sites occur throughout the property and have been reclaimed.  The Property is centered on a 15 km long, gold-bearing hydrothermal system that developed along and adjacent to the northerly-trending Erickson Creek Fault Zone (“ECFZ”).  Vein systems extend outward from the ECFZ and are up to four miles long.  Most of the historic production on the Property has come from quartz veins less than one mile from this fault.

Faulting is an important geological factor in determining where gold occurs on the Property, as faults provide openings in the ground for molten rock containing minerals to come up closer to surface from deep in the earth to form quartz “veins” and other formations.  The faulting can be quite small, such as a few feet, or large, such as several miles.  Geologists theorize that gold is deposited in quartz veins, rock fractures and other openings in rocks by hot water circulating through these open spaces over many years.  This geological phenomenon, referred to as “hydrothermal,” is the process whereby waters from surface or flowing underground through aquifers comes in contact with superheated underground rocks called “intrusions.”  The water becomes superheated and then gets thrust into cracks and openings in the surrounding rocks.  Gold and other metal rich molecules, such as sulfur rich minerals like pyrite,  is transported in solution through the rock fractures and precipitated into porous openings in the quartz or other rocks.  

Gold mineralization on the Property appears as follows:

1.

Type I - Narrow (1-10 feet wide), high-grade gold in quartz veins typically mined from underground in small volumes; and



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2.

Type II - Wide (30-400 feet wide) zones of low-grade gold in altered greenstones and quartz mineralization typically mined from surface in high volumes.

Historic production from the Property has come from Type I, whereas Type II is the subject of more recent exploration only.  Gold reserves on the Property exist in high-grade quartz veins, whereas no low-grade reserves have as been outlined.  However, the Company is currently focusing most of its exploration activity on the second type of mineralization, as deposits of this type typically have larger size potential.

Exploration

The majority of exploration work conducted on the Property has been carried out by the Company and previous owners over a period of many years.  This work includes geological mapping, geophysical surveys, soil sampling, trenching, drilling, and underground drifting.

The Company was actively exploring the Property in the mid 1990s but scaled down efforts between 1998 and 2001 during a time of depressed gold prices and difficult market conditions for raising exploration funds.  Since 2001, the Company has increased exploration activity and spent $1.2 million in 2004.  The 2004 exploration program was aimed at discovering high-grade vein style gold mineralization as the Company sought to outline sufficient reserves to recommence commercial production.  These activities lead to the discovery and delineation of the Rory Vein.  An estimate of probable Mineral Reserves in the Rory Vein to date is outlined below.

Exploration in 2005 focused on the Taurus II area of the Property.  Taurus II is an area with the potential for Type II veins described above.  Type II vein systems are more likely to be amenable to low-cost, bulk-tonnage surface mining than the Type I veins typical of the underground operation.  Work during 2005 consisted of geological interpretation of historic data and diamond drilling.  The drilling resulted in a recommendation by independent Geologist Dale Sketchley recommending further expenditures of $1.53 million.  

In 2006, exploration efforts concentrated on the Taurus II area to the west of the mineralized zones discovered in 2005. The western portion of the Taurus II Project area is partially overlain by metamorphosed sediments (argillites) and has had relatively little previous exploration. The geology of the western part of the Taurus II area is similar to that of the rest of the Cassiar Gold Property, with flat-lying argillite "caps" exerting a strong control on gold deposition, and early results indicate that here gold mineralization was also trapped below the argillites.

The 2006 exploration program began in June with an extensive soil geochemical survey covering the entire Taurus II 'argillite cap', (862 Ha). A total of 2,720 soil samples were collected and analysed. A trenching program commenced in August in the areas where the soil sample results indicated gold anomalies. Approximately 20% of the soil anomalies have been investigated to date. The trenching program uncovered numerous intensely altered, volcanic-hosted quartz vein zones including the 'Oro Vein' system. The Oro system is a large quartz vein located on the eastern margin of the argillite unit containing gold mineralization in both the quartz vein and the volcanic host rock. Along strike 1.3 kilometers to the west of the Oro Vein is the newly discovered 'Blue Zone'.

Following the trenching, a drilling program was initiated consisting of 21 holes totaling 3,280 meters. The Oro Vein was the first target, where 12 drill holes delineated an east-west strike length of 230 meters. The Oro Vein returned intersections grading up to 4.11 g/t over 4.25m, 0.96 g/t gold over 11.9m ,and 1.67 g/t gold over 9.1m. The Blue Zone drilling returned intersections grading up to 1.04 g/t gold over 28.4m. The average width of the Oro Vein is 6.9 meters in angled drill holes (the true width of the vein has not been determined). The Oro Vein is open to the west, and at depths below 50m, with the widest intersections to date located at the west end of the vein.

Mineral Reserves

The Taurus Deposit hosts no gold reserves.  However, an inferred resource (as defined under Canada’s securities regulation governing disclosure of mining information, National Instrument Policy 43-101), of 1.04 million ounces has be calculated by Wardrop Engineering Inc.  The resource is contained in 32.4 million tonnes of material grading 1 gram of gold per tonne.  The Company is taking steps to increase the confidence of this resource such that eventually a mineral reserve can be defined, but there can be no assurance that the resource will ever become economically minable.



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East Bain Vein

In 2002, an exploration program was conducted that comprised of eleven drill holes, four of which intersected the East Bain Vein. Based on all the results to date, probable Mineral Reserves of 28,000 tons grading 0.50 ounces of gold per ton have been outlined on the East Bain Vein based on a cut off grade of 0.27 ounces per ton and a gold price of $535.

Rory Vein

In 2004, the Company discovered a gold bearing vein on the Property called the Rory Vein. Diamond drilling during the year outlined a probable Mineral Reserve of 16,000 tons grading 0.49 ounces of gold per ton based on a cut off grade of 0.31 ounces per tonne and a gold price of $535 per ounce. During 2007 the Company experienced significant difficulty mining the Rory Vein due to heavy faulting and discontinuous mineralization. As such, the company has determined that a full review of the reserve is required and until such time as the review is complete the Company no longer regards the Rory Vein as contain any mineral reserves.

During 2007, the Company mined 6,191 tons of material from the Rory Vein with an average grade of 0.12 ounces of gold per ton, which was well below the expected grade of 0.49 ounces per ton.

Mineral Resources – Taurus Deposit

CAUTIONARY NOTE TO U.S. INVESTORS
CONCERNING ESTIMATES OF INFERRED RESOURCES

This Annual Report uses the term “inferred resources”. We advise U.S. investors that while this term is recognized and required by Canadian regulations, the SEC does not recognize it. Inferred resources have a great amount of uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of an inferred resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian rules, estimates of inferred resources may not form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies, except in rare cases. U.S. investors are cautioned not to assume that part or all of an inferred resource exists, or is economically or legally mineable.

The following is information based on the Wardrop Report:

The resource estimate is based on drill hole data from the property. Trends of mineralization were established using categorical indicator techniques. A bulk density of 2.7 tonnes per cubic metre (t/m3) was used for determining tonnage.

During the resource estimate unsampled intersections have been set to zero grade. This is likely to result in a conservative estimate, particularly in areas comprised predominantly of pre-1995 drilling.

At a cutoff grade of 0.50 grams per tonne (g/t) Au, there is an Inferred Mineral Resource of 32.4 million tonnes at an average Au grade of 1.0 g/t, which equates to a metal content of 1,040,886 troy ounces of Au. Table 1.1 summarizes the mineral resource for the property by area at a 0.5 g/t Au cutoff.

SUMMARY OF INFERRED MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATE
AT 0.50 G/T AU CUT-OFF

Zone Name

Tonnes (000’s)

Average Grade (gt/Au)

Contained
ounces of gold

Sable

1,350

1.32

57,339

88 Hill

8,505

1.15

315,797

88 West

13,102

0.87

366,930

Highway

2,456

0.98

77,276

Taurus West

3,709

1.02

121,056

Taurus

2,348

0.99

74,489

Plaza

917

0.95

27,999

TOTAL

32,386

1.00

1,040,886



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Due to the uncertainty of Inferred Mineral Resources it cannot be assumed that all, or any part of this resource will be upgraded to an Indicated or Measured Resource as a result of continued exploration. To justify upgrading of the mineral resource demonstrated economic viability is required.

Production

The Cassiar Gold Camp is one of British Columbia’s major placer districts with recorded production of about 74,500 oz of gold (2,317 kg) between 1874 and 1895 (Holland 1950).  Minor placer production still continues today.

The first hard rock production occurred in 1934 when one ton of rock, containing four ounces of gold, was shipped and exported.  In 1939, 114 oz (3.5 kg) of gold were recovered from 130 tons of rock taken from the Jennie Vein.  During the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, a maximum of 100 tons of ore was mined from the main deposits in the Cassiar Gold Camp (Diakow and Panteleyev 1981).  

The largest producer in the camp, the Main Mine, was in operation from 1979 until 1988.  Approximately 150,000 oz (4,666 kg) of gold were produced from the Jennie-Maura-Alison and Bear Vein systems (Glover 1998).  The Taurus Mine operated between 1981 and 1988, and it produced 35,000 oz (1,089 kg) of gold (Trenaman 1997).  A small amount of this production came from the Plaza adit and open cuts on 88 Hill.  The Vollaug Vein was mined from various open pits and underground workings between 1980 and 1997.  Approximately 50,000 oz (1,555 kg) of gold were produced from this structure (Glover 1998).  Mining commenced on the Eileen-Michelle-Lily Vein system in 1986, and continued until 1997, with about 90,000 oz (2,799 kg) of gold produced (Glover 1998).  Production from the Bain Vein system spanned the period from 1993 to 1995, and totalled 24,000 oz (746 kg) of gold (Glover 1998).  Surface production from the Bear Vein in 1998 totalled about 1,000 oz (31 kg) of gold. Recorded production from the camp totals about 423,500 oz (13,172 kg) of gold.  

Silver production from various deposits on the Property generally amount to 75% of gold production.  

2006 production was minimal as milling of ore commenced immediately prior to a planned holiday shutdown.  In 2006, milling of a total of 325 dry tons grading 0.136 ounces per ton produced 41 ounces of gold.

During the 1st half of 2007, the company mined and produced 634 ounces of gold and incurred significant losses from this production.  

Planned and Recommended Work Programs

Table Mountain Gold Mine

During 2006 the Company raised the capital required to place the Table Mountain Gold Mine back into production focusing on the 44,000 tons of probable reserves in the Rory and East Bain Veins grading 0.46 ounces per ton gold.  Production from the Rory Vein took place on a very limited scale at the end of 2006, and increased in the first quarter of 2007.  The Company encountered extremely complex structural conditions at the Rory Vein leading to drastically reduced tonnage and grade, resulting in significant losses from operations, as described above.  

The Company’s planned work program for the balance of 2007 is to develop and produce gold from the 28,000 tons of probable reserves located in the East Bain vein grading 0.5 ounces per ton.  If the company is successful in raising additional funds and production from the East Bain Vein proceeds as planned, the Company expects to produce 14,000 ounces of gold in 2007.



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Taurus Deposit

A 25-hole diamond drill program is now under way to expand and further define the Taurus Deposit. A team of geologists led by Cusac Vice-President of  Exploration, Lesley Hunt, and Senior Project Geologist, Mike Glover, is supporting the drill program and executing on a series of other recommendations in the report. Drilling on the Oro Vein is now complete and assays are pending.

Cusac believes that the Taurus Deposit has the potential to increase in size, grade and resource confidence level, particularly in the 88-Hill and 88-West zones, which form the heart of the deposit. Cusac's immediate goal is to complete the additional work required to commence a National Instrument 43-101-compliant prefeasibility study, focusing on the 88-Hill zone as a potential starter pit.

A previous scoping study was completed by Mineral Resources Development Inc. in 1996 for Cyprus Canada Inc. and metallurgical testing was carried out at that time by Hazen Research and others. The Hazen work showed 77-per-cent whole ore cyanide leach gold recovery for crushed and milled 88-Hill mineralization and 95-per-cent flotation recovery. Some of the Taurus mineralization, mainly in the Taurus West zone, has been found to be refractory, whereas the bulk of the resource has been found to exhibit reasonable recovery rates. A detailed review of past metallurgical work is contained in the Wardrop Report. The Wardrop Report recommends that new metallurgical tests be completed to verify past work and to determine if the Taurus Deposit is heap-leachable.

Key findings and recommendations of the Wardrop Report include:

·

The resource calculation is based on 372 drill holes and 15,787 assays;

·

Numerous unsampled drill core intervals (mainly pre-1994 drilling) have led to a conservative resource estimate and this core should be sampled and assayed (under way);

·

Relogging of drill core should be done to integrate past work into a consistent lythological framework and thereby increase confidence in the resource (under way);

·

A reliable geological model for the deposit should be developed to add further confidence to future resource calculations (under way);

·

Infill drilling (14 holes recommended at 150 metres each) is recommended;

·

Larger diameter metallurgical drilling (HQ, six holes) mainly on 88-Hill followed by column and other tests is recommended (under way);

·

The deposit is potentially heap-leachable. Encouraging past recoveries of up to 74 per cent need to be properly defined and confirmed (under way);

·

Exploration drilling (five holes) should be completed to test possible expansion of the deposit to the west.

Taurus II Project

The Sketchley Report concluded that:

·

Potential exists in the Taurus II Project area to outline gold-bearing vein –alteration systems that could be amendable to open pit mining.

·

Emphasis should be placed on looking for litho-structural features that could have controlled hydrothermal fluid flow resulting in the coalescing of swarms of anatomising gold-bearing vein-alteration zones to form areas worthy of additional exploration.



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·

The Dribble Creek area is a corridor of exploration interest, particularly where the Backyard, Somerville, North Notch, Newcoast and Newcoast West areas trend into the Erickson Creek Fault Zone and adjacent parallel structures.  

The Sketchley Report recommends further exploration expenditures of $1.53 million.

A three phase exploration program with a budget of $1.53 million was proposed: phase I would comprise base line studies that are needed to develop targets; phase II involves diamond drilling of high priority targets; and phase III is follow-up diamond drilling. This phase of the program was completed in 2006.

A description of the work program was as follows:

1.

A GIS image base is required to ensure all information is compiled with appropriate geographic relationships.  This recommendation was carried out by way of a helicopter borne LIDAR (Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging) survey.

2.

Detailed historical geological mapping needs to be incorporated with GIS image base to provide a better understanding of the geological setting of the area.  This work is ongoing and is being correlated with the LIDAR data.

3.

Petrographic and gold occurrence studies are needed to understand gold relationships.

4.

Soil sampling will update fragmented and spotty historical coverage to provide consistent coverage for GIS integration.  A large scale geochemical grid was established leading to anomalous zones being trenched and in some cases drilled.

5.

Magnetic and VLF-EM testing will help to understand the usefulness of these tools considering that the Bain Vein in the Cusac Mine area was discovered by following up a VLF-EM anomaly. Testing should be done over the Backyard and Newcoast areas.  This work was carried out but problems with instrumentation and data collection rendered the findings inconclusive.

6.

Examination of outcrops and anomalies on the ground is needed to place all baseline information in context before investigation by drilling.  This was carried out.

7.

Surface land ownership in the area of the Backyard System should be obtained before further exploration is conducted.  Surface rights in this area were clarified but exploration was not carried out here as other targets took priority.

8.

Drilling should be done by diamond coring to understand geological relationships.  A total of 21 drill holes were completed.

Additional Technical Information

The Company has filed at www.sedar.com a number of in depth technical reports by independent experts relating to the Cassiar Gold Property including detailed geological and engineering discussions, which are available free of charge to investors seeking additional information of a technical nature.

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not applicable.



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ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

The following should be read in conjunction with the Company’s financial statements included elsewhere herein.

5.A. Results of Operations

Year ended December 31, 2006 Compared to year ended December 31, 2005

During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company’s expenditures have been financed through issuance of common shares. Equity financing raised, net of share issuance costs, including flow-through shares, during the year was $3,926,668 compared to $1,063,728 raised in 2005. Starting in June of 2006, the Company commenced preparations to restart gold production at the Table Mountain Mine leading to a short test run of the mill on December 14, 2006, resulting in a net loss of $1,562,307 or $0.03 per share, a decrease over last year’s loss of $1,692,229 or $0.04 per share loss.

General and administrative costs were $1,317,460 during 2006 compared to $662,056 for 2005. General and administrative expenses include office rent, legal and accounting fees, listing fees, shareholder communications and non-cash employee and director incentive stock option expense that is calculated based on Canadian generally accepted accounting principles. Operations and maintenance cost of $2.5 million were incurred during 2006, consisting on $1.62 million in operations costs and $880,000 in maintenance costs. Operations costs are comprised of underground operations expenses such a miner’s wages, fuel, explosives, camp, engineering, electrical, mill personnel, management and other staff whereas maintenance costs are comprised of mechanical personnel, parts, electrical personnel working to repair and maintain underground and surface mining equipment, roads, snow removal, generators, compressors, milling equipment, vehicles, surface equipment and buildings during active mine operations. During 2005, 2004 and 2003, operational costs were minimal as the mine was in care and maintenance, where maintenance costs during a period of shutdown consists primarily of watchman services.

The Company’s assets totalled $4,616,682 at the end of 2006 compared to $3,047,061 at the end of 2005. The decrease in the book value of the Company’s assets is mainly attributable to a decrease in cash generated from equity financing completed during the period.

Year ended December 31, 2005 Compared to year ended December 31, 2004

General and administrative costs were $662,056 during 2005 compared to $661,147 for Fiscal 2004, an increase of $909. General and administrative expenses include office rent, legal and accounting fees, listing fees, shareholder communications and non-cash employee and director incentive stock options expense that is calculated based on Canadian generally accepted accounting principles. The Company’s assets totalled $3,047,061 at the end of 2005 compared to $3,374,820 at the end of 2004. The decreased book value of the Company’s assets is mainly attributable to a decrease in cash generated from equity financing completed during the period.  

Historical Results of Operation

The following discusses the Company’s production costs for the last three fiscal years.

No production costs were incurred in 2006, 2005 or 2004 as no gold mining operations were carried out.  Production costs were $124,581 during fiscal 1999 as compared to $487,033 during fiscal 1998. Although the Company contemplated in fiscal 1998 to increase the through put rates, due to low gold prices the Company did not under take extensive mining operations. To keep the plant in operational condition and to expand exploration activity, the Company worked only on the newly discovered extension of the Bear Vein with a small crew. Cash costs per ounce of gold sold were $337 (US$227) per ounce during fiscal 1998 as compared to $573 (US$417) in fiscal 1997. Cash costs include mining, milling maintenance and on-site general and administrative expenditures.

5.B. Liquidity and Capital Resources

At December 31, 2006 the Company had current assets of $1,346,455 consisting of cash, receivables, flow-through share proceeds, and prepaid expenses, compared to $539,088 at the end of 2005.  The decrease in current assets is attributable to depletion of cash through increased exploration expenditures.

Current liabilities at December 31, 2006 were $2,939,541, compared to $859,456 for the end of 2005.  The decrease is primarily attributable to a decrease in accounts payable. The bank indebtedness represents an operating line of credit used by the Company to pay expenses that are not exploration expenses and therefore not payable from its flow-through share proceeds.  The decrease in accounts payable is attributable primarily to availability of cash.



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Equity financing raised during 2006 was $3,926,668 (includes $2,439,780 in flow-through financing) raised compared to $1,063,728 (includes $909,728 in flow-through financing) raised during 2005.  The increase in equity financing year over year can be attributed to improved market conditions and the prospective nature of the Taurus II Project.  

At December 31, 2006, the Company had a working capital deficiency of $1,593,086 as compared to $320,368 at December 31, 2005, an increase of $1,272,718.

Recent Financings

May 2007 Private Placement

On May 5, 2007, the Company closed CDN$1,474,250 in equity financing in the first tranche of a $2-million financing reported April 2, 2007. The company issued 3,673,000 flow-through units at $0.27 per unit for gross proceeds of $991,710, and 2,098,000 common share units at $0.23 per unit for gross proceeds of $482,540. Each unit included one-half of one non-transferable share purchase warrant, where each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $0.35 per share for an 18-month period expiring Nov. 8, 2008. The flow-through proceeds will be used mainly to finance exploration of the Taurus project and partly to finance the recently announced drill program at the Oro vein. The non-flow-through proceeds will be used for general working capital.

Compensation paid on closing consisted of cash commissions totalling $98,588 and 403,970 broker's warrants were issued whereby each warrant entitles the holder to purchase common shares at a price of 23 cents per share for an 18-month period expiring Nov. 8, 2008. All shares issued pursuant to this private placement together with any shares issuable on exercise of warrants have a hold period expiring Sept. 9, 2007.

On May 18, 2007, the Company closed an additional $158,510 equity financing in the second tranche of the above mentioned $2-million financing. The company issued 555,555 flow-through units at $0.27 per unit for gross proceeds of $150,000, and 37,000 common share units at $0.23 per unit for gross proceeds of $8,510. Each unit includes one-half of one non-transferable share purchase warrant, where each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $0.35 per share for an 18-month period expiring Nov. 17, 2008. The flow-through proceeds will be used mainly to finance exploration of the Taurus project and partly to finance the recently announced drill program at the Oro vein. The non-flow-through proceeds will be used for general working capital.

Compensation paid on closing consisted of cash commissions totalling $6,000 and 22,222 broker warrants were issued whereby each warrant entitles the holder to purchase common shares at a price of $0.23 per share for an 18-month period expiring Nov. 17, 2008. All shares issued pursuant to this private placement, together with any shares issuable on exercise of warrants, have a hold period expiring Sept. 18, 2007.

December 2006 Private Placement

On December 12, 2006, the Company closed an equity financing and issued 3,670,500 flow-through units priced at $0.26 for total gross proceeds of $954,330.  

The  flow-through units consisted of one common share and one half of a share purchase warrant with each whole warrant exercisable to purchase a non flow-through common share at a price of $0.34 per share for a period of 12 months.  

In connection with the financing, the Company paid a total of $155,441 in cash and 250,300 agent’s warrants as finders fees.  Each agent’s warrant entitles the holder to purchase a non flow-through unit of the Company for a period of 12 months at a price of $0.26 per unit.  Each non flow-through unit consists of one non-flow through common share and one half of a share purchase warrant with each whole warrant exercisable to purchase a non flow-through common share at a price of $0.34 per share for a period of 12 months from the issuance of the agent’s warrants.



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The Company has also arranged a private placement of 76,924 common shares at $0.26 per share.

May 2006 Private Placement

The Company completed a private placement on May 31, 2006 and issued: 3,749,225 common share units at $0.24 per Common Share Unit for proceeds of $899,814; 6,657,500 flow-through units at $0.27 per flow-through unit for proceeds of $1,797,525; and 813 convertible debentures (the “ Convertible Debentures ”) at $3,750 per Convertible Debenture for proceeds of $3,048,750.  The proceeds from the private placement totalled $5,746,089.  

The common share units consisted of one common share and one warrant to purchase an additional common share for 12 months at $0.35 per common share .  The flow-through units consisted of one flow-through share and one half of one warrant.  The Convertible Debentures bear interest at a rate of 11% per annum (calculated and payable semi-annually), mature  18 months from the closing of the private placement, and are convertible into common shares at a price of $0.305 per share. The purchasers of the convertible debentures also received 6,147 detachable warrants with each Convertible Debenture purchased.  The Company issued a total of 4,997,511 detachable warrants in connection with the Convertible Debentures.  The warrants accompanying the Debentures are not exercisable until the Company obtains the approval of its shareholders. Thereafter, each detachable warrant entitles the holder to purchase a common share at $0.35 per share expiring May 31, 2007. the Debentures will bear interest at 15% per annum. The Convertible Debentures are secured by a first charge against all the assets of the Company. All shares issued pursuant to this Private Placement together with any shares issuable on the conversion of debentures and exercise of warrants have a hold period in Canada expiring October 1, 2006.

In connection with this private placement, M Partners Inc. and Oberon Securities, LLC were to be paid a cash commission and to receive brokers warrants.  M Partners Inc. was paid a cash commission of 7% and received brokers warrants to purchase such number of common shares as is equal 7% of all the units sold, at a price of $0.24 exercisable for a period of 18 months from closing.  The issuance of 101,548 warrants to Oberon Securities, LLC, each warrant entitling Oberon Securities, LLC to purchase a common share of the Company at a price of $0.305 per share exercisable for 18 months, is subject to the approval of the Company’s shareholders.  

Proceeds from the private placement will be used for exploration and development of the Cassiar Gold Property, and includes $3,700,000 recommended by the Preliminary Feasibility Study for recommencement of production at the Table Mountain Gold Mine.As at December 31, 2006, the Company had $781,072 cash on hand, including $660,000 from proceeds from issuance of flow-through shares, restricted for use on certain qualifying expenditures.

Sources of Funding Requirements

Subsequent to the suspension of continuous mining activities at Cassiar Gold Property in 1998, the Company’s operations have been financed primarily through the sale of common shares and related party advances.

At March 31 2007, the date Company’s most recent financial statements (unaudited)  the Company had current assets of $1,157,603 compared to current assets of $1,346,455 at the end of fiscal 2006. The decrease of $188,852 is attributable the depletion of cash due to unprofitable mining operations. Current assets include $52,407 in prepaid expenses and $421,169 in flow through financing proceeds (prior quarter $660,000), which the Company is required to incur qualified exploration expenses equivalent to this amount of cash prior to December 31, 2007. Current liabilities at March 31, 2007 were $4,233,693, when $2,192,447 in Convertible Debenture maturing November 30, 2007 are included, as compared to $2,939,541 in Current Liabilities at December 31, 2006. The increase in current liabilities of $1,294,152 during the period is related to and increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities.

On May 31, 2006, the Company issued 813 Convertible Debentures for gross proceeds of $ 3,048,750. The Convertible Debentures issued are convertible into common shares at $0.305 per share and secured by a charge over all the assets of the Company, maturing on 18 months after the date of issue, or November 30, 2007. The Convertible Debentures bear interest at an annual rate of 11%. Subsequent to December 31, 2006, 25 of the Convertible Debentures had been converted into common stock, such that at time of writing 788 Convertible Debentures remain outstanding.



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At March 31, 2007, the Company had a working capital deficiency of $3,076,090 compared to a $1,593,086 working capital deficiency at December 31, 2006. The increase in the Company’s working capital deficiency is attributable to depletion of cash related to unprofitable mining operations carried out during the period. The Convertible Debentures are mature on November 30, 2007, and the Company expects to redeem the debentures, in the event that they do not convert to common shares, from surplus cash generated from gold production. The Company plans to increase its working capital through profitable production of gold, although achievement of profitable production cannot be assured. The Company has also, subsequent to the end of the period, closed equity financing of with gross proceeds of $1,470,000.

In spite of the above financing, the Company is experiencing a serious shortage of capital, partly because the above funding included $991,000 in Flow Through funding that must be earmarked for exploration on the Taurus and Taurus II Projects, and not mining operations. Currently, the Company does not have sufficient capital to achieve its goal of developing the East Bain Vein through to production. Management anticipates that an additional $1 million will be required to achieve production at the East Bain Vein. To cure this capital shortage, management is aggressively seeking an infusion of additional equity financing of approximately $2 million. The Company has also taken steps to reduce its workforce by 50% at the mine to reduce expenses.

The Company’s continued existence as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to achieve profitable gold production at the Table Mountain Mine and/or to obtain additional funding to pursue its exploration and developmental activities during the next fiscal year. There can be no assurance that the operations of the Company will be profitable in the future and there is no guarantee that any funds will be available to the Company.   See “Item 3.D.—Key Information – Risk Factors”.  The Company’s inability to raise additional capital to fund operations through the remainder of this year and through the next fiscal year would have a detrimental effect on the Company’s viability and capability to pursue its operational activities.  These circumstances raise doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, as described in the comments by our independent auditor for U.S. Readers on Canada – U.S. reporting difference on the December 31, 2006 and 2005 consolidated financial statements.  The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of that uncertainty.

Significant Changes To Accounting Policy During The Year


New U.S. Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2006, FASB issued SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments – an Amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140”.  Among other things, SFAS No. 155 permits the election of fair value remeasurement for certain hybrid financial instruments that would otherwise require bifurcation under Statement 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.  These hybrid financial instruments would include both assets and liabilities SFAS No. 155 is effective for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2006. The Company has not yet completed its evaluation of the potential impact, if any, that the adoption of SFAS 155 will have on its consolidated financial statements.


The SEC has issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”). SAB 108 provides guidance on how prior year misstatements should be considered when quantifying misstatements in the current year financial statements. SAB 108 requires misstatements to be quantified using both a balance sheet and an income statement approach and evaluate whether either approach results in an error that is material. SAB 108 is effective for fiscal years ending after November 15, 2006. Upon initial application, SAB 108 permits a one-time cumulative effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings. The Company’s adoption of SAB 108 had no impact on the periods presented.


The FASB has issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The provisions of FIN 48 are to be applied to all tax positions upon initial adoption, with the cumulative effect adjustment reported as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The Company has not yet completed its evaluation of the potential impact, if any, that the adoption of FIN 48 will have on its consolidated financial statements.



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The FASB has issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under other accounting pronouncements that permit or require measurements, changes the methods used to measure fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. In particular, disclosures are required to provide information on the extent to which fair value is used to measure assets and liabilities; the inputs used to develop measurements; and the effect of certain of the measurements on earnings (or changes in net assets). SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company has not yet completed its evaluation of the potential impact, if any, that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have on the consolidated financial statements.


The FASB has issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”) was issued in February 2007. The statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value, providing the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without the need to apply hedge accounting provisions. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 with earlier adoption permitted.

The Company has not yet determined the effect of future implementation of these new standards on its consolidated financial statements.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principle generally accepted in Canada. Differences from United States accounting principles are disclosed in Note 16 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 17 of this Annual Report on Form 20F. Some accounting policies have a significant impact on the amount reported in these financial statements. A summary of those significant accounting policies can be found in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in our consolidated financial statements. Note that our preparation of this Annual Report on Form 20-F requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ from those estimates. We believe as explained below that our most critical accounting policies cover the following areas: resource properties, long-term investments and stock-based compensation.

Resource Properties

Our policy on resource properties determines the timing of our recognition of certain exploration costs. Exploration costs pertaining to individual resource prospects are charged to income as incurred except for expenditures on specific properties having indications of the presence of a mineral resource with the potential of being developed into a mine.  In this case, acquisition, exploration and development costs relating to mineral properties are deferred until such time as it is determined that the costs are not likely to be recouped or mineral properties are brought into production, abandoned, or sold, at which time they are amortized on the unit of production basis over the estimated life of the property or written off to earnings.  Revenue incidental to exploration and development activities, including the proceeds on sales of partial properties, is credited against the cost of related properties.  Properties that include certain abandoned claims are carried at cost unless only minimal exploration costs were incurred on abandoned claims, in which case the cost of acquisition is apportioned and an appropriate amount is written off.  Inactive properties are carried at cost unless there is an abandonment of the Company’s interest, at which time the cost is written off.  Gains or losses on partial sales of properties are reflected in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Deficit in the period of sale.

Where the Company enters into an option agreement for the acquisition of an interest in mining properties which provides for periodic payments, such amounts unpaid are not recorded as a liability since they are payable entirely at the Company’s option.  As at December 31, 2006, the Company had no material option agreements outstanding that it was pursuing.



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Long Term Investments

Long-term investments, which consist primarily of investments in public companies, are recorded at cost less write-downs, when in management’s opinion a permanent impairment in value has occurred. Management is required to use professional judgement in determining whether long-term investments have suffered permanent impairments in value.

Stock-Based Compensation

Effective January 1, 2004, the Company has retroactively adopted the new recommendations of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountant (“ CICA ”) Handbook Section 3870, “Stock-based compensation and other stock based payments”, which now requires companies to adopt the fair value based method for all stock-based awards granted on or after January 1, 2002.  Previously the Company was only required to disclose the pro forma effect of stock options issued to employees and directors in the notes to the financial statements. The Company has retroactively applied this new accounting policy to prior years and restated the consolidated financial statements accordingly. The effect of the restatement was to increase the net loss for 2003 by $8,025 for options granted in that year, and to increase the accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2003 by $23,368. Contributed surplus was restated for the corresponding effect of these restatements.

5.D. Trend Information

Some of the factors in gold market fluctuations include the pricing and demand, producing costs and capacity of natural resource markets and processing equipment, governmental regulations, land tenure, land use, regulation concerning the importing and exporting of minerals, and environmental protection regulations. The exact effect of these factors cannot be accurately predicted, but the combination of these factors may result in the Company not receiving an adequate return on invested capital to be profitable or viable.

5.E. Off –Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements.

5.F. Tabular Disclosure Of Contractual Obligations

 

Payments Due by Period ($’s)

Contractual Obligations

Total

Less than
1 year

1-3 years

3-5 years

More than
5 years

Long-Term Debt Obligations other than Capital Lease Obligations

-

-

-

-

-

Capital Lease Obligations

$48,685

$29,205

$19,480

-

-

Operating Lease Obligations

$96,588

$32,196

$64,392

-

-

Purchase Obligations

-

-

-

-

-

Other Long-Term Liabilities reflected on the Corporation’s Balance Sheet under Canadian GAAP, Asset Retirement Obligation)

440,556

 300,000

140,556

-

-

Total

$585,829

$361,701

$224,428

-

-

_______________________



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ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

6.A. Directors and Senior Management

The following list, provides the names of the Directors and the senior management of the Company. The Directors have served in their respective capacities since their election or appointment and will serve until the next Annual General Meeting of Shareholders or until a successor is duly elected, unless the office is vacated in accordance with the Articles of the Company. All Directors are residents of Canada.  Senior Management serves at the pleasure of the Board of Directors.


Directors and Senior Management as at
June 29, 2007

Name, Municipality of Residence and Present Position Held

Director or Officer Since

Principal Occupation in Last Five Years

David H. Brett (1)

President, CEO and a Director
New Westminster, BC
Canada

1996

Vice President of the Issuer from 1994-2005; Director of Consolidated Pacific Bay Minerals since 1995 (also was CEO from 1995-1999; President and Founder of Knexa Solutions Inc., a knowledge management software company, 1999 to 2005.

Guilford H. Brett

Chairman and a Director
North Vancouver, BC
Canada

1961

Chairman and a Director of the Issuer (formerly President of the Issuer from 1966 to 2004); President and a Director of Consolidated Pacific Bay Minerals Ltd. since 1986; Director of Tone Resources Ltd. since 2002 (resigned March 27, 2007).

Luard J. Manning (1)

Director
North Vancouver, BC
Canada

1991

Director of the Issuer; Independent Mining Engineer.

George F. Sanders (1)

Director
Washington State, USA

2005

Director of the Issuer; Vice-President of Argentina Operations for Consolidated Pacific Bay Minerals Ltd. since September 2004; Project Manager of Materials Testing and Consulting, Inc. from June 2001 to December 15, 2004; Self-employed geological consultant in Argentina and the U.S. from October 1995 to June 2001.

Garth D. Kirkham (2)

Director

2006

Principal of Kirkham Geosystems; Director of Romios Gold Corp., Member of Advisory Board for North American Tungsten; Executive member of the Geologic Association of Canada.

Leanora Brett

CFO, Secretary/Treasurer
North Vancouver, BC
Canada

2002

CFO and Secretary/Treasurer of the Issuer; Officer of Consolidated Pacific Bay Minerals Ltd. since 1999.

Lesley Hunt

VP Explorations
Dawson Creek, BC
Canada

2004

Officer of the Issuer, B. Sc. Geol.

Dale A. Sketchley, M.Sc., P.Geo. (2)

Director
British Columbia, Canada

2007

Professional Geoscientist; Manager, Quality Assurance, Ivanhoe Mines Mongolia Inc.

(1) Member of Audit Committee.

(2) At the time of filing of this annual report, Garth Kirkham has ceased to be a director of the Company and Dale A. Sketchley joined the board of directors on April 3, 2007.



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David H. Brett (President, CEO and Director): David Brett is involved in the general management of the Company.  He also currently acts as a director of Consolidated Pacific Bay Minerals Ltd.  Mr. Brett holds a Masters Degree in Business Administration from Simon Fraser University, BA from the University of British Columbia and took undergraduate courses in geology at UBC.  Mr. Brett formerly operated an exploration services company and his business experience includes financing, planning and executing exploration and mining operations.  Mr. Brett devotes 90% of his time to the Company’s business.

Guilford H. Brett (Chairman of the Board and Director): Guilford Brett directs and manages the affairs of the Company.  Guilford Brett is also the President and director of Consolidated Pacific Bay Minerals Ltd. and Tone Resources Ltd (resigned from this position on March 27, 2007).  Mr. Brett holds a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Washington.  Self-taught in Geology, Mr. Brett has been involved in overseeing all aspects of mine and exploration finance, planning and execution for over 40 years. Mr. Brett devotes 25% of his time to the Company’s business.

Luard Manning (Director): Luard Manning holds a Professional Engineering designation in British Columbia.  Mr. Manning has acquired direct experience in underground gold mining and operation over a 40 year career. Mr. Manning devotes 10% of his time to the Company’s business.

George F. Sanders (Director): George Sanders has acted as the Vice President, Argentina Operations for Consolidated Pacific Bay Minerals Ltd. since September 2004.  From June 2001 to December 15, 2004, Mr. Sanders was Project Manager for Materials Testing and Consulting, Inc.  Between October 1995 and June 2001, Mr. Sanders was a self-employed geological consultant in Argentina and the U.S.  Mr. Sanders holds a Masters Degree in Geology from the Colorado School of Mines.  He is a member of the Association of Professional Geoscientists and Engineers of British Columbia and is a Licensed Engineering Geologist in the State of Washington.  Mr. Sanders has worked for subsidiaries of Gold Fields PLC in Chile and Nevada, and was Exploration Manager for Canyon Resources in Argentina for 2 years. Mr. Saunders devotes 10% of his time to the Company’s business.

Leanora Brett (CFO and Secretary/Treasurer):  Leanora Brett has over 10 years experience managing public company regulatory filing requirements and procedures.  Ms. Brett devotes 75% of her time to the affairs of the Company.

Lesley Hunt (VP Exploration):  Lesley Hunt has 20 years of exploration and mining experience, 15 years of which were spent directly on the Company’s Table Mountain Property.  Mrs. Hunt oversees the supervision, design and implementation of both its underground and surface diamond drilling programs, geological mapping, geochemical and geophysical programs, grade control, mining and recovery processes.  She received her B.Sc in Geology from Lakehead University of Ontario, Canada.  Mrs. Hunt devotes 90% of her time to the Company’s business.  

Dale A Sketchley, M.Sc., P.Geo ,   Mr. Sketchley is an experienced geologist who currently manages quality assurance and quality control for Ivanhoe Mines Mongolia Inc. at the world-class Oyu Tolgoi deposit in Mongolia. Mr. Sketchley has worked in the Cassiar gold camp in the past, completed a master's degree thesis on the geology of Cusac's Table Mountain ore deposits in 1986, and is the author of two of Cusac's National Instrument 43-101-compliant technical reports covering the Cassiar Gold Property. In addition to receiving a master degree in geology from the University of British Columbia, Mr. Sketchley is a professional geoscientist registered with the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of the Province of British Columbia.

No Director and/or Senior Management had been the subject of any order, judgment, or decree of any governmental agency or administrator or of any court or competent jurisdiction, revoking or suspending for cause any license, permit or other authority of such person or of any corporation of which he is a Director and/or Senior Management, to engage in the securities business or in the sale of a particular security or temporarily or permanently restraining or enjoining any such person or any corporation of which he is an officer or director from engaging in or continuing any conduct/practice/employment in connection with the purchase or sale of securities, or convicting such person of any felony or misdemeanour involving a security or any aspect of the securities business or of theft or of any felony.



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Except for David H. Brett’s relationship as the brother of Leanora Brett and that Guilford Brett is the father of both, there are no family relationships between any other Directors or Senior Management.  There are no arrangements or understandings with major shareholders, customers, suppliers or others, pursuant to which any person referred to above was selected as a Director or member of senior management.

6.B. Compensation

In this section “Named Executive Officer” means the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer and each of the three most highly compensated executive officers, other than the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, who were serving as executive officers at the end of the most recently completed fiscal year and whose total salary and bonus exceeds $150,000 as well as any additional individuals for whom disclosure would have been provided except that the individual was not serving as an officer of the Company at the end of the most recently completed financial year end.

The compensation paid to the Named Executive Officers during the Company’s three most recently completed financial years is as set out below:

Summary Compensation Table

 

 

Annual Compensation

Long-Term Compensation

 

 

 

 

 

Awards

Payouts

 

NEO
Name and Principal Position
(a)

Year
(b)

Salary
($)
(c)

Bonus
($)
(d)

Other Annual Compen-sation
($)
(e)

Securities Under Options/ SARs Granted
(#)
(f)

Restricted Shares or Restricted Share Units
($)
(g)

LTIP
Payouts
($)
(h)

All Other Compen-sation
($)
(i)

David H. Brett
President and CEO

2006
2005
2004

90,000
90,000
57,000

Nil
Nil
Nil

Nil
Nil
Nil

400,000 (1)
300,000 (2)
Nil

Nil
Nil
Nil

Nil
Nil
Nil

Nil
Nil
Nil

Leanora Brett
CFO

2006
2005
2004

Nil
Nil
Nil

Nil
Nil
Nil

54,000 (3)
54,000 (4)
$54,000 (5)

100,000 (1)
200,000 (2)
Nil

Nil
Nil
Nil

Nil
Nil
Nil

Nil
Nil
Nil

(1)

Options to purchase Common Shares were granted on March 9, 2006 at an exercise price of $0.21 each, expiring on March 9, 2008.

(2)

Options to purchase Common Shares were granted on September 6, 2005 at an exercise price of $0.15 and expire on September 6, 2007.

(3)

These are management fees.

(4)

These are management fees.

(5)

These are management fees.

(6)

On February 21, 2007 David Brett was granted options to purchase 600,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $0.24 each expiring on February 21, 2009 and on May 4, 2007 David Brett was granted options to purchase 210,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $0.22 each expiring on May 4, 2009.

(7)

On February 21, 2007 Leanora Brett was granted options to purchase 200,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $0.24 each, expiring on February 21, 2009.

Long-term Incentive Plans

The Company does not have a long-term incentive plan (“ LTIP ”) for its directors or officers and, accordingly, no LTIP awards were made to either of David H. Brett or Guilford H. Brett in the most recently completed financial year.



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Options and Stock Appreciation Rights (“SAR”s)

Shareholders of the Company and the regulatory authorities have approved Cusac’s Share Option Plan (the “Plan”) through which shares are reserved from the Treasury of the Company for issuance to directors and key employees of the Company pursuant to incentive stock option agreements to be entered into with them, all in accordance with the terms of the Stock Option Plan. Options will be granted in order to provide an optionee with a form of remuneration and an incentive to act in the best interests of the Company.

The following tables set out the aggregate options granted and exercised by the Named Executive Officer during the most recently completed financial year and the aggregate financial year-end value of unexercised options:

Option Grants During the Most Recently Completed Financial Year

NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Name

Securities Under Options Granted
(#)

% of Total Options Granted to Employees in Financial Year

Exercise or Base Price
($/Security)

Market Value of Securities Underlying Options on the Date of Grant
($/Security)

Expiration Date

David H. Brett, CEO

300,000

100,000

54.5%

50%

$0.24

$0.27

$0.21

$0.27

March 9, 2008

August 25, 2008

Leanora Brett, CFO

100,000

18.2%

$0.24

$0.21

March 9,2008

Aggregated Option Exercises During The Most Recently Completed Financial Year And Financial Year-End Options/ SAR Values

Name

Securities Acquired on Exercise
(#)

Aggregate Value Realized
($)

Unexercised Options/SARs at FY-End
(#)

Exercisable/ Unexercisable

Value of Unexercised in the Money Options/SARs at FY-End
($)

Exercisable/ Unexercisable

David H. Brett

 100,000

 $6,000

 700,000/Nil

$27,000/Nil

Leanora Brett

 Nil

 Nil

 300,000/Nil

$18,000/Nil

Compensation of Directors

There are no arrangements under which directors were compensated by the Company and its subsidiaries during the most recently completed financial year for their services in their capacity as directors or consultants.

The following directors received options under the Share Option Plan in their capacity as a director during the financial year ended December 31, 2006:

Option Grants During the Most Recently Completed Financial Year

Name of Director

Securities Under Options Granted
(#)

Exercise or Base Price
($/Security)

Market Value of Securities Underlying Options on the Date of Grant
($/Security)

Expiration Date

David H. Brett

300,000

100,000

$0.24

$0.27

$0.21

$0.27

March 9, 2008

August 25, 2008

Guilford H. Brett

200,000

$0.24

$0.21

March 9, 2008

Luard J. Manning

50,000

$0.24

$0.21

March 9, 2008

George F. Sanders Jr.

150,000

$0.24

$0.21

March 9, 2008



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Termination of Employment, Change in Responsibilities and Employment Contracts

The Company had an employment agreement dated January 1, 1988, as amended (the “ Employment Agreement ”) with Guilford H. Brett that expired on January 1, 2004 and automatically renewed thereafter on an annual basis unless terminated by either of the parties in accordance with the provisions of the Agreement.  Under the Employment Agreement, Guilford Brett received an annual salary of $90,000, subject to adjustment in accordance with changes in the Consumer Price Index for Canada, together with a car allowance of $600 per month. On November 19, 2004, Guilford H. Brett voluntarily resigned as Chief Executive Officer and assumed the role of Chairman of the Board of Directors. The Company reached a severance agreement with Guildford Brett whereby the Company paid him $150,000 in cash and the Company agreed to pay him $1,000 per month, retroactive to December 1, 2004, to compensate him for his role as the Chairman of the Board of Directors.

Indebtedness of directors and senior officers

None of the Directors or Senior Officers of the Company have been indebted to the Company or its subsidiary during the financial year ended December 31, 2006.

6.C. Board Practices

The Directors have served in their respective capacities since their election and/or appointment and will serve until the next Annual General Meeting or until a successor is duly elected, unless the office is vacated in accordance with the Articles of the Company. The Senior Management serves at the pleasure of the Board of Directors.

The Company has an Audit Committee, which advises the Board of Directors with respect to the engagement of the independent auditors of the Company and reviews the scope and results of the Company’s audits with the independent auditors, the Company’s internal accounting controls, and the professional services furnished by the independent auditors to the Company. The current members of the Audit Committee are: Luard Manning, David Brett and George Sanders.

6.D. Number of Employees

As at December 31, 2006 the Company had 35 employees. All of the Company’s employees are located in Canada.

6.E. Share Ownership

The Company has an authorized capital of unlimited common shares and 5,000,000 preference shares without par value. As at June 29, 2007, 78,846,691 common shares were issued and outstanding.

The following table sets out the number of common shares and options to purchase common shares in the capital of the Company beneficially owned by the Directors and Senior Management as at June 29, 2007.

 

 

 

Options

 

Name

Number of Common Shares

Percentage of Shares Outstanding

Number

Exercise Price

Expiry Date

David H. Brett
President, CEO and Director

457,000

*

300,000
300,000
100,000

$0.15
$0.24
$0.27

June 9, 2007
March 9, 2008
August 25, 2008

Guilford H. Brett
Chairman and Director

563,052

*

200,000
200,000

$0.15
$0.24

June 9, 2007
March 9, 2008



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Luard Manning
Director

130,000

*

50,000
50,000

$0.15
$0.24

June 9, 2007
March 9, 2008

George Sanders
Director

10,000

*

100,000
150,000

$0.15
$0.24

June 29, 2007
March 9, 2008

Garth Kirkham
Director

38,500

*

200,000

$0.31

April 25, 2010

Leanora Brett
CFO, Secretary/Treasurer

100,000

*

200,000
100,000

$0.15
$0.24

June 9, 2007
March 9, 2008

Dale Sketchley
Director

Nil

*

300,000

$0.22

May 4, 2009

Lesley Hunt
VP Exploration

Nil

*

50,000

136,500

$0.24

$0.15

September 3, 2008

June 9, 2007

Total

1,198,552

1.7

2,136,500

-

-

* Less than 1%

(1)

As at December 31, 2006, David H. Brett owned 600,000 options.  On September 6, 2005, the Company granted Mr. Brett 300,000 options. 100,000 of which were exercised on September 14, 2005 and 100,000 of which were exercised on October 21, 2005.  

Stock Option Plan

The only equity compensation plan which the Company has in place is the Company’s share incentive stock option plan (the “Plan”) which was previously approved by the shareholders on July 25, 2006. The Plan has been established to provide incentive to qualified parties to increase their proprietary interest in the Company and thereby encourage their continuing association with the Company.  The Plan is administered by the directors of the Company.  The Plan provides that options will be issued to directors, officers, employees or consultants of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company. The Plan provides that the number of Common Shares issuable under the Plan, together with all of the Company's other previously established or proposed share compensation arrangements, may not exceed 10% of the total number of issued and outstanding Common Shares. All options expire on a date not later than ten years after the date of grant of such option.

The material terms of the Plan provide that:

·

the participants in the Plan are the directors, executive officers, employees and other service providers of the Company;

·

the Plan is administered by the directors of the Company;

·

the exercise price of stock options granted under the Plan, as determined by the Board in its sole discretion, shall not be less than the "market price" of the shares (as defined by the policies of the TSX) or, if the shares are no longer listed for trading on the TSX, then such other exchange or quotation system on which the shares are listed or quoted for trading;

·

all options granted under the Plan expire on a date not later than 10 years after the issuance of such options by the Board;

·

upon expiry of an option, or in the event an option is otherwise terminated for any reason, without having been exercised in full, the number of shares in respect of the expired or terminated option shall again be available for the purposes of the Plan;

·

the maximum aggregate number of options that may be issued upon the exercise of stock options granted under the Plan to any one person shall not exceed 10% of the issued and outstanding common shares at the time of grant;



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·

the maximum aggregate number of options that may be issued upon the exercise of stock options granted under the Plan to insiders of the Company shall not exceed 10% of the issued and outstanding common shares at the time of grant;

·

if the option holder ceases to be a director of the Company or its subsidiaries or ceases to be employed by the Company or otherwise ceases to be a Service Provider to the Company or its subsidiaries (other than by reason of death), as the case may be, then the option granted shall expire immediately upon the day the option holder ceases to be a director, or ceases to be employed by, or ceases to be a Service Provider to the Company or its subsidiaries, subject to the terms and conditions set out in the Plan, without any right of the option holder to exercise any of the options;

·

options granted pursuant to the Plan will be non-assignable and may be subject to vesting provisions determined by the Board;

·

shares which are issued upon the exercise of options granted under the Plan are to be paid for in cash by the holder;

·

the Company does not offer financial assistance in respect of the exercise of options; and

subject to required regulatory approval, the Company’s Board may, at its own discretion make minor, non-material amendments to the Plan, and may reduce, but not increase, the benefits of the Plan to optionees. Disinterested shareholder approval must be obtained for amendments affecting the issuance to insiders exceeding 10% of the outstanding shares, and any reduction in the exercise price.

The following table summarizes the number of fully-exercisable stock option transactions and the weighted average exercise prices thereof:

 

 

Number of Options

Weighted Average Exercise Price

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2004

2,160,000

0.36

 

 

Granted

1,315,000

0.15

 

 

Cancelled/expired

(220,000)

0.31

 

 

Exercised

(320,000)

0.15

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2005

2,935,000

$0.25

 

 

Granted

 1,880,000

 0.27

 

 

Cancelled/expired

1,300,000

0.33

 

 

Exercised

766,500

0.25

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2006

2,798,500

0.23

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

The weighted average fair value of options granted during 2006 was $0.12 (2005 - $0.06, 2004 - $0.16) based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model using weighted average assumptions, as described in Note 8 of the audited annual financial statements.




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On June 29, 2005, 290,000 options were repriced from $0.36 to $0.15, and 270,000 options were repriced from $0.37 to $0.15.  A summary of the common share options exercisable and outstanding at the date of filing of this annual report is as follows:


Category

Date of Grant

Common Shares
Under Option (1)

Exercise Price

All executive officers
(two in total)

February 21, 2007
May 4, 2007

590,000
210,000

$0.24
$0.22

All directors who are not executive officers
(three in total)

February 21, 2007
March 9, 2006
June 29, 2005

250,000
150,000
150,000

$0.24
$0.24
$0.15

All other employees of the Corporation

August 25, 2006

182,000

$0.27

All consultants of the Corporation

February 21, 2007

150,000

$0.24

 

November 24, 2006

70,000

$0.25

 

August 25, 2006

100,000

$0.27

 

April 25, 2006

340,000

$0.31

 

March 9, 2006

250,000

$0.24

 

December 23, 2005

200,000

$0.15

 

September 6, 2005

156,500

$0.15

Total

 

2,798,500

 

Note:

(1)

Vesting of options is at the discretion of the Board, but no vesting provisions apply to any of the outstanding options

ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

7.A. Major Shareholders

The Company’s transfer agent is Pacific Corporate Trust Company in Vancouver located at 2 nd  Floor – 510 Burrard Street Street, Vancouver, BC V6C 3B9 and in Toronto, located at Pacific Corporate Trust Company, Box 56,1925 Commerce Court West, Toronto, Ontario M5L 1B9.  The Company’s securities are recorded on the books of its transfer agent in registered form.  The majority of such shares are, however, registered in the name of intermediaries such as brokerage houses and clearinghouses on behalf of their respective clients. The Company does not have knowledge of the beneficial owners thereof. To the best of its knowledge, the Company is not directly nor indirectly owned or controlled by another corporation(s), by a foreign government or by any other natural legal person.

To the knowledge of the directors and senior officers of the Company, no persons or companies beneficially own, directly or indirectly, equity shares carrying more than 5% of the voting rights attached to all of the shares of the Company.  There are no voting agreements or similar arrangements which could result in a change of control of the Company (formal, informal, written, or oral) known to management to exist.

The transfer agent records indicate as of June 29, 2007, 55,779,772 shares were registered in the names of 244 Canadian individuals, companies and brokerage houses. This represents registered Canadian shareholders holding 16.03% of the issued shares.  There are 14 shareholders in foreign countries other than the United States who hold  613,365 shares, representing 0.79% of issued shares.  There are 1,264 shareholders of record in the United States holding 20,905,51 shares, representing 27.05% of the issued shares. The Company has no knowledge of the number of bearer (street form) shares held by other United States residents. Similarly, the Company has no knowledge of the number of Canadian and other shareholders who hold bearer shares, or whose shares are in the combined number held by brokerage firms.



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7.B. Related party transactions

To the knowledge of management of the Company, no informed person (a director, officer or holder of 10% or more of the Shares) or nominee for election as a director of the Company or any associate or affiliate of any informed person or proposed director had any interest in any  transaction which has materially affected or would materially affect the Company or any of its subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2006, or has any interest in any material transaction in the current year other than as set out herein or in the audited year end financial statements of the Company.

The Company’s directors and officers may serve as directors or officers of other natural resource companies or companies providing services to the Company, or they may have significant shareholdings in other resource companies and, to the extent that such other companies may participate in ventures in which the Company may participate, the directors of the Company may have a conflict of interest in negotiating and concluding terms respecting the extent of such participation.  In the event that such a conflict of interest arises at a meeting of the Company’s directors, a director who has such a conflict will abstain from voting for or against the approval of such participation or such terms.  From time to time several companies may participate in the acquisition, exploration and development of natural resource properties thereby allowing for their participation in larger programs, permitting involvement in a greater number of programs and reducing financial exposure in respect of any one program.  It may also occur that a particular company will assign all or a portion of its interest in a particular program to another of these companies due to the financial position of the Company making the assignment.  In accordance with applicable laws, the directors of the Company are required to act honestly, in good faith and in the best interests of the Company.  In determining whether or not the Company will participate in a particular program and the interest therein to be acquired by it, the directors will primarily consider the degree of risk to which the Company may be exposed and its financial position at that time.

David Brett, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, purchased 200,000 flow-through units (with 100,000 warrants at $0.15 that were exercised on August 2, 2006) pursuant to a private placement at $0.13 per flow-through unit.  David Brett also purchased 35,000 flow-through units at $0.18 with 17,500 warrants that expired unexercised on December 21, 2006 pursuant to a private placement. On November 9, 2006, pursuant to a private placement, David Brett also purchased 100,000 flow-through units at $0.26 per flow-through unit with warrants to purchase 50,000 Common Shares at $0.34 per Common Share, expiring November 9, 2007. David Brett also purchased 40 convertible debentures at a price of $3,750 per Debenture with 245,880 warrants exercisable at $0.35 each expiring on May 31, 2007.

Pursuant to a private placement Guilford Brett, Chairman of the Board of the Company, purchased 300,000 flow-through units at $0.13 per flow-through unit (with 150,000 warrants exercisable at $0.15 each that were exercised on August 2, 2006.  Pursuant to a further private placement, Guilford Brett also purchased 150,000 flow-through units at $0.18 each with 75,000 warrants that expired unexercised on December 21, 2006.  Pursuant to a further private placement Guildford Brett also purchased 100,000 flow-through units at $0.26 each with 50,000 warrants exercisable at $0.34 each expiring on November 9, 2007.  Guildford Brett also purchase 40 convertible debentures at a price of $3,750 per debenture with 245,880 warrants exercisable at $0.35 each expiring May 31, 2007.

Pursuant to a private placement, Leanora Brett, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, purchased 100,000 units at $0.13 per unit (with 50,000 warrants that were exercised on February 8, 2006 at $0.15 per unit).  Ms. Brett also purchased three (3) convertible debentures at a price of $3,750 per debenture with 18,441 warrants exercisable at $0.35 each expiring on May 31, 2007.

Pursuant to a private placement, Luard Manning, a director of the Company, purchased 30,000 flow-through units at $0.13 per flow-through unit (with 15,000 warrants that expired unexercised on December 21, 2006).  Mr. Manning also purchased three (3) convertible debentures at a price of $3,750 per debenture with 18,441 warrants at exercisable at $0.35 each, expiring on May 31, 2007.

George Sanders, a director of the Company, purchased two (2) convertible debentures at a price of $3,750 per debenture with 12,294 warrants exercisable at $0.35 each expiring on May 31, 2007.



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As at December 31, 2006, the Company paid the amount of $342,000 to directors and officers of the Company and $25,720 was included in accounts payable to a director for remuneration.

As at December 31, 2006 the company had received $66,286 for services provided to companies with common directors.

As at December 31, 2006 the Company had advanced $289,893 for services provided by an entity owned by a related party.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Please refer to the Consolidated Audited Financial Statements in the Appendix, which includes Auditor’s report, Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Operations, Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. There are no legal proceedings currently pending.

No significant changes occurred since the date of the annual financial statements included in the document.

ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING

Common Share Trading Information

The shares of the Company trade on the TSX under the trading symbol “CQC,” on the OTCBB under the symbol “CUSIF” and also on the FSE under the symbol “DCB.”

The Company has not distributed dividends on its common stock in the past and does not expect to distribute dividends in the near future.

The high and low sales prices of the common share price of the Company  on the Toronto Stock Exchange, the OTCBB and the Frankfurt Stock Exchange are:


 

TSX (CDN $)

OTCBB (US $)

Frankfurt (USD $)

Period

High

Low

High

Low

High

Low

Most Recent Six Months







June 2007

$0.21

$0.16

$0.20

$0.15

$0.14

$0.10

May 2007

$0.24

$0.15

$0.22

$0.15

$0.17

$0.13

April 2007

$0.28

$0.21

$0.24

$0.20

$0.17

$0.13

March 2007

$0.30

$0.23

$0.27

$0.20

$0.18

$0.14

February 2007

$0.32

$0.23

$0.28

$0.19

$0.21

$0.14

January 2007

$0.25

$0.20

$0.22

$0.16

$0.15

$0.12

 







For the Year Ending December 31, 2007







2 nd Quarter

$0.24

$0.17

$0.22

$0.17

$0.16

$0.12

1 st Quarter

$0.29

$0.22

$0.26

$0.18

$0.18

$0.13

 







For the Year Ending December 31, 2006







Annual

$0.31

$0.22

$0.28

$0.19

$0.19

$0.15

4 th Quarter

$0.27

$0.19

$0.23

$0.17

$0.16

$0.13

3 rd Quarter

$0.30

$0.24

$0.27

$0.20

$0.21

$0.16

2 nd Quarter

$0.39

$0.27

$0.35

$0.24

N/A

N/A

1 st Quarter

$0.29

$0.19

$0.25

$0.16

N/A

N/A



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TSX (CDN $)

OTCBB (US $)

Frankfurt (USD $)

Period

High

Low

High

Period

High

Low

For the Year Ending December 31, 2005







Annual

$0.18

$0.12

$0.17

$0.10

 Nil

 Nil

4 th Quarter

$0.18

$0.12

$0.18

$0.11

 N/A

 N/A

3 rd Quarter

$0.22

$0.12

$0.21

$0.10

 N/A

 N/A

2 nd Quarter

$0.16

$0.10

$0.13

$0.08

 N/A

 N/A

1 st Quarter

$0.17

$0.14

$0.14

$0.11

 N/A

 N/A

 





 

 

For the Year Ending December 31, 2004

$0.37

$0.24

$0.29

$0.18

 N/A

 N/A

For the Year Ending December 31, 2003

$0.53

$0.30

$0.39

$0.21

 N/A

 N/A

For the Year Ending December 31, 2002

$0.39

$0.22

$0.27

$0.11

 N/A

 N/A

ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

10.A. Share Capital

– Not Applicable –

10.B. Memorandum and Articles of Association

The Company was incorporated on November 19, 1965 pursuant to the Company Act (British Columbia) (the “ BCCA ”).  In March 2004, the BCCA was replaced by the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) (the “BCA”) The Company’s Articles sets the authorized capital of the Company at an unlimited number of Common Shares, without par value, 5,000,000 Preference Shares without par value consisting of 250,000 shares designated as Series A Convertible Preference Shares.  The Company’s Articles do not specify or limit the objects and purposes of the Company.

Adoption of New Charter Documents

The Company filed a Notice of Alteration and a Notice of Articles with the BC Registrar of Companies on April 12, 2007, effectively replacing the previous Articles.  The amendments to the Articles principally reflect the provisions of the BCA which modernize British Columbia corporate legislation. The New Articles do not include a number of provisions in the existing Articles that are now covered by the BCA to avoid the possibility of conflict or the possibility of having to comply both with the statutory provision and a corresponding but different provision in the Articles and include the use of the new terminology adopted under the BCA. For example, “members” have become “shareholders” and “register of members” has become “central securities register” under the BCA.  Copies of the Altered Notice of Articles and the New Articles will be available for viewing at the Company’s office at 911 – 470 Granville Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6C 1V5.

Deletion of Pre-Existing Company Provisions

The regulations under the BCA effectively added certain provisions, called “Pre-Existing Company Provisions” (“ PCPs ”), to every pre-existing company’s Notice of Articles.  The PCPs provide that the number of votes required to pass a special resolution (formerly also referred to as a special resolution under the BCCA) or a special separate resolution is at least three-quarters of the votes cast by shareholders present in person or by proxy at the meeting. This is the majority that was required under the BCCA.

The BCA allows a special resolution to be passed by at least two-thirds of the votes cast by shareholders present in person or by proxy at a meeting.  At the Annual and Special General Meeting of the Company held on July 27, 2005, shareholders of the Company approved a special resolution (by way of three-quarters majority as required under the BCCA) to remove the PCPs in connection with the adoption by the Company of a new form of Articles that incorporates provisions permitted under the BCA.  With such shareholder approval, special resolutions will require a two-thirds majority vote, instead of a three-quarters majority vote.  Management believes that this will provide the Company with greater flexibility for future corporate activities and is consistent with companies in other jurisdictions.  To take advantage of the flexibility offered by the BCA, the board of directors of the Company has removed the Pre-existing Company Provisions and altered its Notice of Articles accordingly.  



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Alterations of Authorized Capital

Pursuant to the BCA, the Company is permitted to have an unlimited number of shares as its authorized capital. The alteration of the capital of the Company required approval by a special resolution of the shareholders, being a resolution passed by a majority of not less than three-quarters of the votes cast by the shareholders who, being entitled to do so, voted in person or by proxy at the general meeting of a company.

At the Annual and Special General Meeting of the Company held on July 27, 2005, shareholders approved the special resolutions to alter the Notice of Articles of the Company such that the maximum number of shares that the Company was authorized to issue would be eliminated and the Company would be authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares without par value.  Such amendment will take effect immediately on the date and time the Notice of  Alteration of the Articles is filed with the Registrar.

The current Articles of the Company are attached as exhibits to this Annual Report.  The following is a summary of certain provisions of the current Articles.

Securities Register

The Company maintains at Pacific Corporate Trust Company (the “ Transfer Agent ”) a securities register in which the Transfer Agent records the securities issued by the Company in registered form.  The Transfer Agent keeps information relating to a security holder that is entered in the securities register for at least seven years after the security holder ceases to be a security holder.

Powers of Directors

Approval and Voting. The Articles require any director who holds a disclosable interest in a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter is not entitled to vote on any directors’ resolution to approve that contract pr transaction, in which case any or all directors may vote on such resolution.  

Remuneration and Expenses.  The directors are entitled to remuneration for acting as directors, if any, as the directors may from time to time determine.  If the directors so decide, the remuneration of the directors, if any, will be determined by the shareholders.  The Company must reimburse each director for the reasonable expenses that he or she may occur. If any director performs any professional or other services for the Company that in the opinion of the Directors are outside the ordinary duties of a director, or if any director is otherwise specially occupied in or about the Company’s business, he or she may be paid remuneration fixed by the Directors, or, at the option of that director, fixed by ordinary resolution, and such remuneration may be either in addition to, or in substitution for, any other remuneration that he or she may be entitled to receive.

Borrowing.  The Articles of the Company provide that directors may, on behalf of the Company:

(a)

borrow money in such manner and amount, on such security, from such sources and upon such terms and conditions as they think fit;

(b)

issue bonds, debentures and other debt obligations either outright or as security for any liability or obligation of the Company or any other person; and

(c)

mortgage or charge, whether by way of specific or floating charge, or give other security on the undertaking, or on the whole or any part of the property and assets, of the Company, both present and future.



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Retirement of Directors Under an Age Limit Requirement.  The Articles do not require that the Company’s directors retire pursuant to an age limit.

Number of Shares Required for a Director’s Qualification .   There is no requirement that a director hold any shares of the Company.

Rights, Preferences and Restrictions Attaching to Shares

Common Shares. The holders of Common Shares are entitled to receive notice of, and attend and vote at, all meetings of shareholders of the Company. Each Common Share carries the right to one vote and all the shares rank equally as to voting.  The holders of Common Shares are entitled to dividends, if and when declared by the Board of Directors.  There are no conversion rights, special liquidation rights, pre-emptive rights, subscription rights, redemption or retraction rights attached to the Common Shares.  In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the holders of Common Shares shall be entitled to receive, on a prorated basis, all of the assets remaining after the Company has paid its liabilities. The Company may, by resolution of the Board of Directors and in compliance with the BCA, purchase any of its shares at the price and upon the terms specified in the resolution.

Series A Convertible Preference Shares.  The holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares are entitled to receive notice of, attend and vote at any general meeting of the Company together with the holders of Common Shares as a single class.  The holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares are entitled to a quarterly preferential cumulative dividend in an amount equal to 0.0625% of the Spot Price as determined on the Spot Price Determination Date, accruing from the date of issuance of the Series A Convertible Preference Share.  Such dividends are to be paid on the specified payment dates of January 20, April 20, July 20 and October 20 in each year.  The Company may satisfy the payment of a quarterly dividend to a registered holder of a Series A Convertible Preference Share by delivering a cheque in the amount of the dividend or, if the holder so elects by tender to the Company of such uncancelled dividend cheque not more than 30 days from its date, a certificate evidencing the right to receive from the Company upon presentation, 0.0625% of one troy ounce of 0.995 fine gold (a “ Gold Certificate ”).  No dividends will be declared on Common Shares in the capital of the Company unless all quarterly dividends have been declared or paid to holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares.

The holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares have the right at any time to convert their shares into Common Shares of the Company based on a prescribed conversion ratio.  In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares will be entitled to receive, on a prorated basis with all preference shares, the Liquidation Preference together with all accrued and unpaid preferential dividends.  Subject to the BCA, the Company may at any time purchase any of its Series A Convertible Preference Shares for cancellation at the price and upon the terms specified in a resolution.

Changes to Rights of Shareholders.  The Company may create, define and attach special rights and restrictions to any shares, or vary or abrogate any special rights and restrictions attached to any shares by a special resolution of the shareholders, consisting of not less than 75% of the votes cast by shareholders present, or represented by proxy, at a general meeting for which not less than 21 days’ notice specifying the intent to vote on a special resolution have been given to the shareholders of the Company, and filing a certified copy of it with the Registrar; provided, however, that no right attached to any issued shares of any class may be prejudiced unless either all holders of that class consent in writing or a consenting resolution is passed by 75% of the holders of that class. The quorum for a class meeting shall be one-third of the voting shares of that class.

General and Extraordinary Meetings

The Company must hold a general meeting of shareholders at least once every calendar year at a time determined by the Board of Directors, but not later than 15 months after its last annual reference date. The Board of Directors may convene an extraordinary general meeting at any time. The Board of Directors must convene an extraordinary general meeting also upon requisition by the Company’s shareholders in accordance with the BCA. A shareholders’ requisition for an extraordinary general meeting must state the objects of the meeting requested and be signed by the requisitioning shareholders and deposited at the registered office of the Company. All general meetings of the Company must be held in British Columbia, or at a place out of British Columbia approved by the Registrar.



- 58 -




At least 21 days’ notice of a general meeting must be given to the shareholders entitled to attend the general meeting, specifying the place, day and hour of the meeting, and when special business is to be considered, the general nature of that business. Only shareholders of record on the record date fixed by the directors in accordance with the Act will be entitled to receive notice of, and to attend and vote at, a general meeting.

No business shall be transacted at any general meeting unless the requisite quorum is present at the commencement of the meeting. The quorum for the transaction of business at a general meeting shall be two persons present in person, or represented by proxy, and holding not less than five percent of the shares entitled to vote at the meeting.

Foreign Ownership Limitations

The Company’s Articles do not contain limitations prohibiting non-residents, foreigners or any other group from holding or voting Common Shares. See “Item 10.D.—Additional Information—Exchange Controls”, for a description of certain restrictions that may apply under the Investment Canada Act .

Change of Control

There are no provisions in the Company’s Articles or charter documents that would have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in the control of the Company, or that would operate only with respect to a merger, acquisition or corporate restructuring involving the Company.

Share Ownership Reporting Obligations

There are no provisions in the Company’s Articles requiring share ownership to be disclosed. Securities legislation in Canada requires that shareholder ownership must be disclosed once a person owns beneficially or has control or direction over greater than 10% of the issued Common Shares of the Company.  This threshold is higher than the 5% threshold under U.S. securities legislation at which shareholders must report their share ownership.

Changes in Capital

There are no provisions in the Memorandum or Articles governing changes in the capital of the Company that are more stringent than those contained in the BCA.

10.C. Material Contracts

The Company’s material contracts are listed below in “Item 19 – Exhibits.”

10.D. Exchange Controls

Canada has no system of exchange controls. There are no exchange restrictions on borrowings from foreign countries or on the remittance of dividends, interest, royalties and similar payments, management fees, loan repayments, settlement of trade debts, or the repatriation of capital. The Investment Canada Act (the “ ICA ”) enacted on June 20, 1985, as amended by the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act (Canada), requires the  notification and, in certain cases, advance review and approval by the Government of Canada of the acquisition by a “non-Canadian” of “control” of a “Canadian business,” all as defined in the ICA. For the purposes of the ICA, “control” can be acquired through the acquisition of all or substantially all of the assets used in carrying on the Canadian business, or the direct or indirect acquisition of interests in an entity that carries on a Canadian business or which controls the entity, which carries on the Canadian business. Under the ICA, control of a corporation is deemed to be acquired through the acquisition of a majority of the voting shares of a corporation, and is presumed to be acquired where one third or more, but less than a majority, of the voting shares of a corporation are acquired, unless it can be established that the corporation is not controlled in fact by the acquirer through the ownership of voting shares. Other rules apply with respect to the acquisition of non-corporate entities.



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To the best of the registrant’s knowledge, there are no governmental laws, decrees or regulations in Canada relating to restriction on the import/export of capital, or which affect the remittance of interest, dividends, or other payments to non-resident holders of the Company’s common stock. Any such remittance to United States’ residents, however, is subject to a 15% withholding tax pursuant to Articles X, Xl, and XII of the reciprocal Canada-United States Income Tax Convention. Except for the ICA, there are no limitations under the laws of Canada, the Province of British Columbia, or in the Charter or any other constituent documents of the registrant on the rights of foreigners to hold and/or vote the shares of the registrant. The provisions of the ICA provide legislative guidelines for screening and evaluating new foreign investment in Canada. The purpose of the legislation is to:

(a)

encourage investment in Canada that contributes to economic growth and employment; and

(b)

provide for the review of significant investments in Canada by non-Canadians to ensure such benefit to Canada.

All investments that meet the following criteria are subject to a review:

(a)

direct acquisition of control of an existing Canadian business with assets of five million dollars or more by a non-WTO investor;

(b)

indirect acquisition of an existing Canadian business with assets of fifty million dollars or more by a non-WTO investor;

(c)

indirect acquisition of control of an existing Canadian business with assets of five million dollars or more where the assets of the Canadian business being acquired exceed 50% of the total assets involved in the worldwide transaction;

(d)

direct acquisition of control of an existing Canadian business with assets of $281 million dollars or more by a WTO investor; and

(e)

investments in prescribed areas related to cultural heritage or national identity where the discretionary authority to review is exercised.

The foregoing discussion of Canadian taxation and United States taxation is of a general and summary nature only and is not intended to be, nor should it be considered to be, legal or tax advice to any particular shareholder. Accordingly, prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors as to the tax consequences of receiving dividends from the Company or disposing of their Common Stock.

10.E. Taxation

Canadian Taxation

The following discussion summarizes the principal Canadian federal income tax considerations generally applicable to a person (an “ Investor ”) who acquires one or more Common Shares of the Company, and who at all material times and for the purposes of the Income Tax Act (Canada) (the “ Canadian Act ”) deals at arm’s length with the Corporation, holds all Common Shares solely as capital property, is a non-resident of Canada, and does not, and is not deemed to, use or hold any Common Shares in or in the course of carrying on business in Canada.  It is assumed that the Common Shares will at all material time be listed on a stock exchange that is prescribed for the purposes of the Canadian Act.

This summary is based on the current provisions of the Canadian Act, including the regulations thereunder, and the Canada-United States Income Tax Convention (1980) (the “ Treaty ”) as amended.  This summary takes into account all specific proposals to amend the Canadian Act and the regulations thereunder publicly announced by the government of Canada to the date hereof and the Corporation’s understanding of the current published administrative and assessing practices of the Canada Revenue Agency (“ CRA ”).  It is assumed that all such amendments will be enacted substantially as currently proposed, and that there will be no other material change to any such law or practice, although no assurances can be given in these respects.  This summary does not take into account any provincial, territorial or foreign income tax law or treaty other than the Treaty.



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This summary is not, and is not to be construed as, tax advice to any particular Investor.  Each prospective and current Investor is urged to obtain independent advice as to the Canadian income tax consequences of an investment in Common Shares applicable to the Investor’s particular circumstances.

An Investor generally will not be subject to tax pursuant to the Canadian Act on any capital gain realized by the Investor on a disposition of a Common Share unless the Common Share is “taxable Canadian property”, and is not “treaty-protected property”, of the Investor for purposes of the Canadian Act.  A Common Share that is disposed of by an Investor will generally not constitute taxable Canadian property of the Investor provided that neither the Investor, nor one or more persons with whom the Investor did not deal at arm’s length, alone or together at any time in the 60 months immediately preceding the disposition owned 25% or more of the issued shares of any class of the capital stock of the Corporation.  In addition, the Common Share will be a treaty-protected property of the Investor if, under the terms of an applicable bilateral tax treaty, any gain realized by the Investor on disposition of the share is exempt from Canadian income tax under Part I of the Canadian Act.  

An Investor whose Common Shares constitute taxable Canadian property and are not treaty-protected property, and who disposes of one or more Common Shares in a taxation year, will realize a capital gain (capital loss) equal to the amount by which the proceeds of disposition therefor exceed (are exceeded by) the adjusted cost base thereof to the Investor and the Investor’s reasonable costs of disposition.  The Investor will be required to include one half of any such capital gain (taxable capital gain) in the Investor’s taxable income earned in Canada for the taxation year and to pay Canadian income tax accordingly.  The Investor will be entitled to deduct one half of any such capital loss (allowable capital loss) against taxable capital gains included in the Investor’s taxable income earned in Canada in the taxation year and, to the extent not so deductible, against taxable capital gains included in the Investor’s taxable income earned in Canada in any of the three preceding taxation years or in any subsequent taxation year.

Each Investor will be required to pay Canadian withholding tax on the amount of any dividend, including any stock dividend, paid or credited or deemed to be paid or credited by the Corporation to the Investor on a Common Share.  The rate of withholding tax is 25% of the gross amount of the dividend, or such lesser rate as may be available under an applicable income tax treaty.  In accordance with the Treaty, the rate of withholding tax applicable to a dividend paid on a Common Share to an eligible Investor who is a resident of the United States for the purposes of the Treaty and who takes appropriate steps, is 5% if the Investor is a company that owns at least 10% of the voting stock of the Corporation, and 15% in any other case, of the gross amount of the dividend.  The Corporation will be required to withhold any such tax from the dividend, and remit the tax directly to CRA for the account of the Investor.

Investors are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the tax implications of acquiring, holding or disposing of Common Shares and the application of any applicable income tax treaty.

United States Federal Income Tax Consequences

The following is a general discussion of all material United States federal income tax consequences, under current law, generally applicable to a U.S. Holder (as hereinafter defined) of common shares of the Corporation. This discussion does not address individual consequences to persons subject to special provisions of federal income tax law, such as those described below as excluded from the definition of a U.S. Holder. In addition, this discussion does not cover any state, local or foreign tax consequences. (See “Canadian Federal Income Tax Considerations above”).

The following discussion is based upon the sections of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”), Treasury Regulations, published Internal Revenue Service (“ IRS ”) rulings, published administrative positions of the IRS and court decisions that are currently applicable, any or all of which could be materially and adversely changed, possibly on a retroactive basis, at any time. This discussion does not consider the potential effects, both adverse and beneficial, of any recently proposed legislation which, if enacted, could be applied, possibly on a retroactive basis, at any time. This discussion is for general information only and it is not intended to be, nor should it be construed to be, legal or tax advise to any holder or prospective holder of common shares of the

Corporation and no opinion or representation with respect to the United States federal income tax consequences to any such holder or prospective holder is made. Accordingly, holders and prospective holders of common shares of the Corporation are urged to consult their own tax advisors about the federal, state, local, and foreign tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of common shares of the Corporation.



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As used herein, a “U.S. Holder” means a holder of common shares of the Corporation who is a citizen or individual resident of the United States, a corporation or partnership created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any political subdivision thereof or a trust whose income is taxable in the United States irrespective of source. This summary does not address the tax consequences to, and U.S. Holder does not include, persons subject to specific provisions of federal income tax law, such as tax-exempt organizations, qualified retirement plans, individual retirement accounts and other tax-deferred accounts, financial institutions, insurance companies, real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies, broker-dealers, non-resident alien individuals, persons or entities that have a “functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar, shareholders who hold common shares as part of a straddle, hedging or a conversion transaction, and shareholders who acquired their common shares through the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation for services. This summary is limited to U.S. Holders who own common shares as capital assets. This summary does not address the consequences to a person or entity holding an interest in a shareholder or the consequences to a person of the ownership, exercise or disposition of any options, warrants or other rights to acquire common shares.

U.S. Holders receiving dividend distributions (including constructive dividends) with respect to common shares of the Corporation are required to include in gross income for United States federal income tax purposes the gross amount of such distributions equal to the U.S. dollar value of such dividends on the date of receipt (based on the exchange rate on such date) to the extent that the Corporation has current or accumulated earnings and profits, without reduction for any Canadian income tax withheld from such distributions. Such Canadian tax withheld may be credited, subject to certain limitations, against the U.S. Holder’s federal income tax liability or, alternatively, may be deducted in computing the U.S. Holder’s federal taxable income by those who itemize deductions. (See more detailed discussion at “Foreign Tax Credit” below). To the extent that distributions exceed current or accumulated earnings and profits of the Corporation, they will be treated first as a return of capital up to the U.S. Holder’s adjusted basis in the common shares and thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of the common shares. Preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains are applicable to a U.S. Holder which is an individual, estate or trust. There are currently no preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains for a U.S. Holder which is a corporation.

In the case of foreign currency received as a dividend that is not converted by the recipient into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. Holder will have a tax basis in the foreign currency equal to its U.S. dollar value on the date of receipt. Generally any gain or loss recognized upon a subsequent sale or other disposition of the foreign currency, including the exchange for U.S. dollars, will be ordinary income or loss. However, an individual whose realized gain does not exceed $200 will not recognize that gain, to the extent that there are no expenses associated with the transaction that meet the requirement for deductibility as a trade or business expense (other than travel expenses in connection with a business trip) or as an expense for the production of income.

Dividends paid on the common shares of the Corporation will not generally be eligible for the dividends received deduction provided to corporations receiving dividends from certain United States corporations. A U.S. Holder which is a corporation may, under certain circumstances, be entitled to a 70% deduction of the United States source portion of dividends received from the Corporation (unless the Corporation qualifies as a “foreign personal holding company” or a “passive foreign investment company,” as defined below) if such U.S. Holder owns shares representing at least 10% of the voting power and value of the Corporation. The availability of this deduction is subject to several complex limitations which are beyond the scope of this discussion.

Under current temporary Treasury Regulations, dividends paid on the Corporation’s common shares, if any, generally will not be subject to information reporting and generally will not be subject to U.S. backup withholding tax. However, dividends paid, and the proceeds of a sale of the Corporation’s common shares, in the U.S. through a U.S. or U.S. related paying agent (including a broker) will be subject to U.S. information reporting requirements and may also be subject to the 31% U.S. backup withholding tax, unless the paying agent is furnished with a duly completed and signed Form W-9. Any amounts withheld under the U.S. backup withholding tax rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is furnished to the IRS.



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A U.S. Holder who pays (or has withheld from distributions) Canadian income tax with respect to the ownership of common shares of the Corporation may be entitled, at the option of the U.S. Holder, to either receive a deduction or a tax credit for such foreign tax paid or withheld. Generally, it will be more advantageous to claim a credit because a credit reduces United States federal income taxes on a dollar-for-dollar basis, while a deduction merely reduces the taxpayer’s income subject to tax. This election is made on a year-by-year basis and applies to all foreign taxes paid by (or withheld from) the U.S. Holder during that year. There are significant and complex limitations which apply to the credit, among which is the general limitation that the credit cannot exceed the proportionate share of the U.S. Holder’s United States income tax liability that the U.S. Holder’s foreign sources income bears to his or its worldwide taxable income. In the determination of the application of this limitation, the various items of income and deduction must be classified into foreign and domestic sources. Complex rules govern this classification process. In addition, this limitation is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income such as “passive income,” “high withholding tax interest,” “financial services income,” “shipping income,” and certain other classifications of income. Dividends distributed by the Corporation will generally constitute “passive income” or, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, “financial services income” for these purposes. The availability of the foreign tax credit and the application of the limitations on the credit are fact specific, and U.S. Holders of common shares of the Corporation should consult their own tax advisors regarding their individual circumstances.

A U.S. Holder will recognize gain or loss upon the sale of common shares of the Corporation equal to the difference, if any, between (i) the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received, and (ii) the shareholder’s tax basis in the common shares of the Corporation. Preferential tax rates apply to long-term capital gains of U.S. Holders who are individuals, estates or trusts. This gain or loss will be capital gain or loss if the common shares are a capital asset in the hands of the U.S. Holder, which will be long-term capital gain or loss if the common shares of the Corporation are held for more than one year. Deductions for net capital loss may be carried over to be used in later tax years until such net capital loss is thereby exhausted. For U.S. Holders that are corporations (other than corporations subject to Subchapter S of the Code), an unused net capital loss may be carried back three years and carried forward five years from the loss year to be offset against capital gains until such net capital loss is thereby exhausted.

In the following circumstances, the above sections of this discussion may not describe the United States federal income tax consequences resulting from the holding and disposition of common shares:

If 50% or more of the combined voting power or total value of the Corporation’s outstanding shares are held, directly or indirectly, by citizens or residents of the United States, United States domestic partnerships or corporations, or estates or trusts other than foreign estates or trusts (as defined by the Code Section 7701(a)(31)), and the Corporation is found to be engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities, commodities, or any interest therein, it is possible that the Corporation may be treated as a “foreign investment company” as defined in Section 1246 of the Code, causing all or part of any gain realized by a U.S. Holder selling or exchanging common shares to be treated as ordinary income rather than capital gain.

If more than 50% of the voting power of all classes of shares or the total value of the shares of the Corporation is owned, directly or indirectly, by citizens or residents of the United States, United States domestic partnerships and corporations or estates or trusts other than foreign estates or trusts, each of whom own 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of shares of the Corporation (“ United States shareholder ”), the Corporation could be treated as a “controlled foreign corporation” under Subpart F of the Code. This classification would effect many complex results one of which is the inclusion of certain income of a CFC which is subject to current U.S. tax. The United States generally taxes a United States shareholder of a CFC currently on their pro rata shares of the Subpart F income of the CFC. Such U.S. shareholders are generally treated as having received a current distribution out of the CFC’s Subpart F income and are also subject to current U.S. tax on their pro rata shares of the CFC’s earnings invested in U.S. property. The foreign tax credit described above may reduce the U.S. tax on these amounts. In addition, under Section 1248 of the Code, gain from the sale or exchange of shares by a U.S. Holder of common shares of the Corporation who is or was a United States shareholder at any time during the five-year period ending with the sale or exchange is treated as ordinary income to the extent of earnings and profits of the Corporation attributable to the shares sold or exchanged. If a foreign corporation is both a PFIC and a CFC, the foreign corporation generally will not be treated as a PFIC with respect to United States shareholders of the CFC.



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This rule generally will be effective for taxable years of United States shareholders beginning after 1997 and for taxable years of foreign corporations ending with or within such taxable years of United States shareholders. Special rules apply to United States shareholders who are subject to the special taxation rules under Section 1291 discussed above with respect to a PFIC. Because of the complexity of Subpart F, and because it is not clear that Subpart F would apply to U.S. Holders of common shares of the Corporation, a more detailed review of these rules is outside of the scope of this discussion.

10.H Documents on Display

Exhibits attached to this Annual Report are also available for review at our head office located at 911 – 470 Granville Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 1V5 or you may request them by calling our office at 604-682-2421. Copies of our financial statements and other continuous disclosure documents required under the British Columbia Securities Act are available for viewing on the internet at www.SEDAR.com. Copies of our financial statements and other continuous disclosure documents are also available for viewing at www.sec.gov.

ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact the financial position, results of operations, or cash flows of the Company due to adverse changes in financial market prices, including interest rate risk, foreign currency exchange rate risk, commodity price risk, and other relevant market or price risks.

In 2006, the Company had in place a $ 57,000 (2005 - $57,000 ) letter of credit facility and a $350,000 (2005 - $350,000 ) line of credit with a bank bearing interest at prime (3.70% at December 31, 2006) per annum which is collateralized by the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and flow through share proceeds. As of December 31, 2006, the Company had approximately $353,000 (December 31, 2005 - $62,000 ) line of credit available for use.

At present the Company conducts substantially all of its activities in Canada with the majority of transactions denominated in Canadian dollars. The Company’s management believes that fluctuations in interest rates and currency exchange rates in the near term will not materially affect the Company’s consolidated operating results, financial position or cash flows as the Company has limited risks related to interest rate and currency exchange rate fluctuations.

As the Company is in a care and maintenance stage, it presently has no activities related to derivative financial instruments, derivative commodity instruments or hedging instruments.

ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

– Not Applicable –

PART II

ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

– Not Applicable –

ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS

There are no material modifications to instruments defining the rights of holders of any class of registered securities and there is no general or specific effect on the Company’s securities.



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ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The Company carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2006 being the date of our most recently completed fiscal year. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed our reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

A material weakness is a control deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the financial statements will not be prevented or detected. The following material weaknesses have been identified and included in management’s assessment as of December 31, 2006:

The Company did not maintain effective controls over the financial reporting process due to an insufficient complement of personnel with a level of accounting knowledge, experience and training in the application of United States generally accepted accounting principles commensurate with the Company’s financial reporting. This material weakness contributed to the control deficiencies of reporting of reconciliation between the differences between Canadian and United States accepted accounting principles.  This control deficiency could result in a more than a remote likelihood that inaccurate accounts or disclosures, which may constitute a material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, could occur. Accordingly, our management has determined that these control deficiencies constitute material weaknesses. Due to the existence of such material weaknesses, the Company did not maintain effective disclosure control as of December 31, 2006.

Remediation of Material Weaknesses

Our management has determined that these material weaknesses above were mainly caused by higher-than-expected attrition of personnel with U.S. GAAP reporting experience during the financial reporting season. Since such issue was identified, and the Company is investigating and will implement remedial measures to address this issue and to improve our internal control over financial reporting.

Changes in Internal Control

During our most recently completed fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, there were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 16. RESERVED

ITEM 16.A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

The Registrant’s Board of Directors has determined that it does not have an independent audit committee financial expert serving on its audit committee.  The Company plans to retain a financial expert to serve on the audit committee.  Management believes that current board members have sufficient financial expertise to deal with operations at their current small scale.

ITEM 16.B. CODE OF ETHICS

The Company anticipates adopting a Code of Conduct that will govern the behaviour of its directors, officers and employees.  The Chair of the Audit Committee will be responsible for monitoring compliance with the Code.  

The Board has in place a number of procedures designed to ensure that directors exercise independent judgement in a matter where a director or officer has a material interest.  Since there are two directors who are not independent (the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Chairman of the Board), there are circumstances where such an interest arises.  In those limited circumstances, the relevant director must declare his interest and refrain from voting, and the matters is submitted to the directors who are disinterested in the transaction for approval.

ITEM 16.C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31

Principal Accountant Service (1)

2006

2005

Audit Fees

$87,083

$45,000

Tax Fees

$3,200

$13,300

Audit Fees

Audit fees were for professional services rendered by BDO Dunwoody LLP (“ BDO ”) for the audit of the Registrant’s annual financial statements and services provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filing or engagements.



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Tax Fees

Tax fees were for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning professional services.  These services consisted of tax compliance including the review of tax returns, and tax planning and advisory services relating to common forms of domestic and international taxation (i.e. income tax, capital tax, goods and services tax, payroll tax and value added tax).

Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

It is within the mandate of the Registrant’s Audit Committee to approve all audit and non-audit related fees.  The audit Committee has pre-approved specifically identified non-audit related services, including tax compliance, review of tax returns, documentation of processes and controls as submitted to the Audit Committee from time to time.  The auditors also present the estimate for the annual audit related services the Committee from time to time.  The auditors also present the estimate for the annual audit related services to the Committee for approval prior to undertaking the annual audit of the financial statements.

ITEM 16.D. EXEMPTION FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

– Not Applicable –

ITEM 16.E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

– Not Applicable –

PART III

ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

See the Audited Financial Statements listed in  99.1  hereof and filed as part of this Annual Report. The Company’s financial statements are stated in Canadian Dollars and are prepared in accordance with Canadian GAAP, the application of which, in the case of the Company, conforms in material respects for the periods presented with United States GAAP, except as discussed in the notes to the financial statements. This Annual Report on Form 20-F includes the Company’s audited financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, including the following:

1.

Independent Auditor’s Report of BDO Dunwoody LLP dated  March 22, 2007.

2.

Comments by Auditors for U.S. Readers On Canada – U.S. Reporting Differences.

3.

Consolidated Balance Sheets for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.

4.

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Deficit for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004.

5.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows dated for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004.

6.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

7.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

– Not Applicable –



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ITEM 19. EXHIBITS

The following financial statements, related schedules and exhibits are included in this Form 20-F:

Exhibit Number

Description of Exhibit

1.1

Articles

2.1

Trust Indenture dated as of May 31, 2006 between the Company and Computershare Trust Company of Canada relating to the issuance of convertible secured debentures in the aggregate amount of $3,750,000

12.1

Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(A)/15d-14(A) of the Chief Executive Officer

12.2

Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(A)/15d-14(A) of the Officer Acting in the Capacity of the Chief Financial Officer

13.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

13.2

Certification of Officer Acting in the Capacity of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

99.1

Audited Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005



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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing of Form 20-F and has duly caused this Annual Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

CUSAC GOLD MINES LTD.
(Registrant)

By:

/s/ David H. Brett

Name:  DAVID H. BRETT

Title:  President and Chief Executive Officer

DATE:   March 11, 2008



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