CAPREIT Reports Third Quarter 2023 Results

Canadian Apartment Properties Real Estate Investment Trust ("CAPREIT") (TSX: CAR.UN) announced today strong operating and financial results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Management will host a conference call to discuss the financial results on Thursday, November 9, 2023 at 9:00 a.m. ET.

HIGHLIGHTS

As at	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022			September 30, 2022
Total Portfolio Performance and Other Measures
Number of suites and sites		64,461			66,586			66,583
Investment properties fair value(1) (000s)	$	16,482,890		$	17,153,709		$	16,894,551
Occupied AMR(2)
Canadian Residential Portfolio(3)	$	1,490		$	1,401		$	1,387
The Netherlands Portfolio	€	1,053		€	992		€	983
Occupancy
Canadian Residential Portfolio(3)		98.9	%		98.9	%		98.8	%
The Netherlands Portfolio		98.7	%		98.4	%		97.8	%
Total Portfolio(4)		98.4	%		98.3	%		98.1	%

(1)	Investment properties exclude assets held for sale, as applicable.
(2)	Occupied average monthly rent ("Occupied AMR") is defined as actual residential rents divided by the total number of occupied suites or sites in the property, and does not include revenues from parking, laundry or other sources.
(3)	Excludes MHC sites.
(4)	Includes MHC sites.

  

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
		2023			2022			2023			2022
Financial Performance
Operating revenues (000s)	$	268,377		$	252,032		$	793,122		$	750,353
Net operating income ("NOI") (000s)	$	178,432		$	166,644		$	516,075		$	485,909
NOI margin		66.5	%		66.1	%		65.1	%		64.8	%
Same property NOI (000s)	$	170,070		$	157,823		$	493,686		$	460,774
Same property NOI margin		66.5	%		66.5	%		65.4	%		65.1	%
Net income (loss) (000s)	$	(357,542	)	$	63,159		$	(420,786	)	$	(141,886	)
FFO per unit – diluted (formerly known as "NFFO per unit – diluted")(1)	$	0.638		$	0.610		$	1.795		$	1.748
Distributions per unit	$	0.362		$	0.362		$	1.087		$	1.087
FFO payout ratio (formerly known as "NFFO payout ratio")(1)		56.8	%		59.1	%		60.5	%		62.0	%

(1)

These measures are not defined by International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"), do not have standard meanings and may not be comparable with other industries or companies. Please refer to the cautionary statements under the heading "Non-IFRS Measures" and the reconciliations provided in this press release.

As at	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022			September 30, 2022
Financing Metrics and Liquidity
Total debt to gross book value(1)		41.4	%		39.4	%		39.4	%
Weighted average mortgage effective interest rate(2)		2.73	%		2.61	%		2.59	%
Weighted average mortgage term (years)(2)		5.0			5.4			5.6
Debt service coverage (times)(1)(3)	1.8x			1.9x			1.9x
Interest coverage (times)(1)(3)	3.5x			3.7x			3.8x
Cash and cash equivalents (000s)	$	48,266		$	47,303		$	101,295
Available liquidity – Acquisition and Operating Facility (000s)	$	257,875		$	333,416		$	312,578
Capital
Unitholders' equity (000s)	$	9,304,029		$	10,003,695		$	9,832,599
Net asset value(1) (000s)	$	9,228,233		$	9,954,566		$	9,730,535
Total number of units – diluted (000s)		169,777			171,599			172,393
Net asset value per unit – diluted(1)	$	54.36		$	58.01		$	56.44

(1)	These measures are not defined by IFRS, do not have standard meanings and may not be comparable with other industries or companies. Please refer to the cautionary statements under the heading "Non-IFRS Measures" and the reconciliations provided in this press release.
(2)	Excludes liabilities related to assets held for sale, as applicable.
(3)	Based on the trailing four quarters.

"We're proud to have achieved another quarter of robust operational and financial performance," commented Mark Kenney, President and Chief Executive Officer. "Occupancies remained stable at our highest levels, with nearly 99% of our suites occupied at current period end, reflecting the ongoing tightening we continue to see across all of our Canadian rental markets. We're simultaneously making steady progress on our strategy, with a focus on our portfolio modernization program which has completed the acquisition of over $200 million of newly constructed buildings located in strong-performing, high-growth geographies, funded through the disposition of our non-core Canadian properties. In optimizing our portfolio through downsizing on suite count and upsizing on quality, we're also having to optimize our organizational structure to adapt and ensure alignment with our re-envisioned CAPREIT 2.0 strategy for success now, and in the future."

"Our same property NOI margin held strong at 66.5% for the quarter, inclusive of higher operating expenses from inflation, foreign exchange and repair and maintenance costs," added Stephen Co, Chief Financial Officer. "On the latter, we're strategically scaling back on our discretionary value-enhancing expenditure, and are instead intentionally reallocating that capital into R&M projects, in response to the tight rental market in which we're currently operating. That said, we continue to prioritize our environmental and energy initiatives, alongside our active management of debt financing and leverage in order to maintain our solid and conservative balance sheet position. We have ongoing opportunity for accretive use of funds across our various avenues for capital redeployment, and we will continue to actively exercise these levers in tandem to ultimately maximize value for our Unitholders."

SUMMARY OF Q3 - 2023 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Strategic Initiatives Update

• CAPREIT continues to invest in strategic opportunities that are accretive. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, CAPREIT acquired five properties for a total acquisition cost of $208.3 million.
• CAPREIT disposed of 388 suites which comprised of five non-core properties and three single residential suites located in Canada and the Netherlands, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2023 for $60.8 million (excluding transaction costs and other adjustments). For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, CAPREIT disposed of $354.5 million (excluding transaction costs and other adjustments) worth of non-core property dispositions.
• CAPREIT did not purchase any Trust Units for cancellation during the three months ended September 30, 2023. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, CAPREIT purchased and cancelled approximately 2.2 million Trust Units under the normal course issuer bid ("NCIB") program, at a weighted average purchase price of $46.53 per Trust Unit, for a total cost of $100.9 million.
• Pursuant to CAPREIT's strategy of upgrading and diversifying its property portfolio through accretive, on-strategy acquisitions and selected non-core or opportunistic dispositions, CAPREIT is currently targeting the disposition of approximately $400 million to $500 million of Canadian properties in 2023.

Operating Results

• Same property Occupied AMR for the Canadian residential portfolio as at September 30, 2023 increased by 5.8% compared to September 30, 2022, while same property occupancy for the Canadian residential portfolio remained relatively stable at 98.9%.
• NOI increased by 7.8% and 7.1%, respectively, for the same property portfolio for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the same periods last year. Additionally, same property NOI margin remained consistent at 66.5%, for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and increased to 65.4%, up 0.3%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the same periods last year.
• Diluted FFO per unit (formerly known as "diluted NFFO per unit") increased by 4.6% and 2.7% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, compared to the same periods last year primarily due to same property operational growth and supplemented by accretive NCIB purchases.

Balance Sheet Highlights

• CAPREIT's financial position remains strong with $257.9 million of available capacity on its Canadian Acquisition and Operating Facility.
• Based on the current property portfolio and execution of strategic initiatives, management expects to raise between $600 million and $650 million in mortgages for the Canadian portfolio for 2023.
• To date, CAPREIT completed or committed consolidated mortgage financings of $605.8 million. The mortgages refinanced have a weighted average term to maturity of 6.9 years and a weighted average interest rate of 4.40%.
• For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, CAPREIT recorded a fair value loss on investment properties of $507.0 million and $803.2 million, respectively, primarily driven by capitalization rate ("cap rate") expansion in the Greater Toronto Area within the Canadian portfolio and in the Netherlands portfolio as a reflection of the market conditions. The overall carrying value of investment properties (excluding assets held for sale) as at September 30, 2023 was $16.5 billion compared to $17.0 billion as at June 30, 2023 and $17.2 billion as at December 31, 2022.
• Diluted NAV per unit as at September 30, 2023 decreased to $54.36 from $57.08 as at June 30, 2023 and $58.01 as at December 31, 2022, primarily due to fair value losses recognized in investment properties, partially offset by the effects of accretive purchases of Trust Units for cancellation through the NCIB program.

OPERATIONAL AND FINANCIAL RESULTS

Portfolio Occupied Average Monthly Rents

	Total Portfolio						Same Property Portfolio(1)
As at September 30,		2023			2022			2023			2022
	Occupied AMR		Occ. %	Occupied AMR		Occ. %	Occupied AMR		Occ. %	Occupied AMR		Occ. %
Average Canadian residential suites	$	1,490	98.9	$	1,387	98.8	$	1,485	98.9	$	1,403	98.8
Average MHC sites	$	437	96.0	$	425	95.6	$	437	96.0	$	425	95.5
Average Netherlands portfolio	€	1,053	98.7	€	983	97.8	€	1,053	98.7	€	983	97.8

(1)	Same property Occupied AMR and occupancy include all properties held as at September 30, 2022, but exclude properties disposed of or held for sale as at September 30, 2023.

The rate of growth in total portfolio Occupied AMR has been primarily driven by (i) new acquisitions completed over the past 12 months and (ii) same property operational growth. The rate of growth in same property Occupied AMR has been primarily due to (i) rental increases on turnover in the rental markets of most provinces across the Canadian portfolio and (ii) rental increases on renewals.

The weighted average gross rent per square foot for total Canadian residential suites was approximately $1.80 as at September 30, 2023, increased from $1.70 as at September 30, 2022.

Net Operating Income

Same properties for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 are defined as all properties owned by CAPREIT continuously since December 31, 2021, and therefore do not take into account the impact on performance of acquisitions or dispositions completed during 2023 and 2022, or properties that are classified as held for sale as at September 30, 2023.

($ Thousands)	Total NOI							Same Property NOI
For the Three Months Ended September 30,		2023			2022		%(1)		2023			2022		%(1)
Total operating revenues	$	268,377		$	252,032		6.5	$	255,868		$	237,154		7.9
Operating expenses
Realty taxes		(24,391	)		(23,262	)	4.9		(23,155	)		(21,707	)	6.7
Utilities		(15,704	)		(15,226	)	3.1		(15,296	)		(14,546	)	5.2
Other(2)		(49,850	)		(46,900	)	6.3		(47,347	)		(43,078	)	9.9
Total operating expenses(3)	$	(89,945	)	$	(85,388	)	5.3	$	(85,798	)	$	(79,331	)	8.2
NOI	$	178,432		$	166,644		7.1	$	170,070		$	157,823		7.8
NOI margin		66.5	%		66.1	%			66.5	%		66.5	%

(1)	Represents the year-over-year percentage change.
(2)	Comprises repairs and maintenance ("R&M"), wages, insurance, advertising, legal costs and expected credit losses.
(3)	Total operating expenses, on a constant currency basis, increased by approximately 4.6% and 7.3%, respectively, for the total and same property portfolio compared to the same periods last year.

 

($ Thousands)	Total NOI							Same Property NOI
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,		2023			2022		%(1)		2023			2022		%(1)
Total operating revenues	$	793,122		$	750,353		5.7	$	754,347		$	707,503		6.6
Operating expenses
Realty taxes		(72,475	)		(70,515	)	2.8		(68,503	)		(66,240	)	3.4
Utilities		(57,796	)		(57,210	)	1.0		(55,584	)		(53,645	)	3.6
Other(2)		(146,776	)		(136,719	)	7.4		(136,574	)		(126,844	)	7.7
Total operating expenses(3)	$	(277,047	)	$	(264,444	)	4.8	$	(260,661	)	$	(246,729	)	5.6
NOI	$	516,075		$	485,909		6.2	$	493,686		$	460,774		7.1
NOI margin		65.1	%		64.8	%			65.4	%		65.1	%

(1)	Represents the year-over-year percentage change.
(2)	Comprises repairs and maintenance ("R&M"), wages, insurance, advertising, legal costs and expected credit losses.
(3)	Total operating expenses, on a constant currency basis, increased by approximately 4.2% and 5.1%, respectively, for the total and same property portfolio compared to the same periods last year.

Operating Revenues

For the three months ended September 30, 2023, same property operating revenues increased by $18.7 million primarily driven by increases in monthly rents on turnovers and renewals. Total operating revenues increased by $16.3 million during the same period, due to $18.8 million of operational growth on the same property operating portfolio and assets held for sale as at September 30, 2023 and $3.5 million increase from acquisitions, partially offset by $6.0 million lower revenues due to dispositions.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, same property operating revenues increased by $46.8 million primarily driven by increases in monthly rents on turnovers and renewals. Total operating revenues increased by $42.8 million during the same period, due to $47.1 million of operational growth on the same property operating portfolio and assets held for sale as at September 30, 2023 and $13.2 million increase from acquisitions, partially offset by $17.5 million lower revenues due to dispositions.

Operating Expenses

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 operating costs increased for the same property portfolio compared to the same periods last year primarily due to increase in other operating expenses. Other operating expenses increased primarily due to higher R&M costs. The higher R&M costs in both periods are due to general inflationary pressures, as well as higher maintenance costs that correspond with a reduction in discretionary capital expenditures, reflecting CAPREIT's strategic reallocation of capital in response to the tight rental market in Canada.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, other operating expenses for the total portfolio increased for the same reasons as described above and due to certain required maintenance costs for the operation of CAPREIT's septic systems at primarily two MHC properties, one of which was disposed of on March 1, 2023 while the other was disposed of on June 30, 2023.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

More detailed information and analysis is included in CAPREIT's unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements and MD&A for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, which have been filed on SEDAR+ and can be viewed at www.sedarplus.ca under CAPREIT's profile or on CAPREIT's website on the investor relations page at www.capreit.ca.

Conference Call

A conference call hosted by Mark Kenney, President and Chief Executive Officer, Stephen Co, Chief Financial Officer, and Julian Schonfeldt, Chief Investment Officer, will be held on Thursday, November 9, 2023 at 9:00 am ET. The telephone numbers for the conference call are: Canadian Toll Free: [phone], International: [phone]. The conference call access code is 078065.

The call will also be webcast live and accessible through the CAPREIT website at www.capreit.ca – click on "For Investors" and follow the link at the top of the page. A replay of the webcast will be available for one year after the webcast at the same link.

The slide presentation to accompany management's comments during the conference call will be available on the CAPREIT website an hour and a half prior to the conference call.

About CAPREIT

CAPREIT is Canada's largest publicly traded provider of quality rental housing. As at September 30, 2023, CAPREIT owns approximately 64,500 residential apartment suites, townhomes and manufactured home community sites that are well-located across Canada and the Netherlands, with approximately $16.5 billion of investment properties in Canada and Europe. For more information about CAPREIT, its business and its investment highlights, please visit our website at www.capreit.ca and our public disclosures which can be found under our profile at www.sedarplus.ca.

Non-IFRS Measures

CAPREIT prepares and releases unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements and audited consolidated annual financial statements in accordance with IFRS. In this and other earnings releases and investor conference calls, as a complement to results provided in accordance with IFRS, CAPREIT discloses measures not recognized under IFRS which do not have standard meanings prescribed by IFRS. These include Funds From Operations ("FFO"), Net Asset Value ("NAV"), Total Debt, Gross Book Value, and Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation, Amortization and Fair Value ("Adjusted EBITDAFV") (the "Non-IFRS Financial Measures"), as well as diluted FFO per unit, Ratio of Total Debt to Gross Book Value, Debt Service Coverage Ratio and Interest Coverage Ratio (the "Non-IFRS Ratios" and together with the Non-IFRS Financial Measures, the "Non-IFRS Measures"). These Non-IFRS Measures are further defined and discussed in the MD&A released on November 8, 2023, which should be read in conjunction with this press release. Since these measures and related per unit amounts are not recognized under IFRS, they may not be comparable to similar measures reported by other issuers. CAPREIT presents the Non-IFRS Measures because management believes Non-IFRS Measures are relevant measures of the ability of CAPREIT to earn revenue and to evaluate its performance, financial condition and cash flows. These Non-IFRS Measures have been assessed for compliance with the new National Instrument 52-112 and a reconciliation of these Non-IFRS Measures is included in this press release below. The Non-IFRS Measures should not be construed as alternatives to net income (loss) or cash flows from operating activities determined in accordance with IFRS as indicators of CAPREIT's performance or the sustainability of our distributions.

CAPREIT undertook a comprehensive review of MD&A disclosures and, starting with the first quarter of 2023, streamlined disclosures to focus on measures and metrics that management believes are the most relevant. Accordingly, CAPREIT is no longer disclosing Ratio of Total Debt to Gross Historical Cost and Ratio of Total Debt to Total Capitalization, amongst others. In this press release, CAPREIT relabeled Normalized Funds from Operations ("NFFO") to FFO (formerly known as "NFFO") and as such, introduced a modified definition of FFO which is identical to the prior definition of NFFO. As a result, CAPREIT will no longer refer to NFFO throughout the press release.

Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements contained, or contained in documents incorporated by reference, in this press release constitute forward-looking information within the meaning of securities laws. Forward-looking information may relate to CAPREIT's future outlook and anticipated events or results and may include statements regarding the future financial position, business strategy, growth strategy, budgets, litigation, occupancy rates, rental rates, productivity, projected costs, acquisitions, dispositions, capital investments, development and development opportunities, financial results, taxes, plans and objectives of, or involving, CAPREIT. Particularly, statements regarding CAPREIT's future results, performance, achievements, prospects, costs, opportunities and financial outlook, including those relating to acquisitions, dispositions and capital investment strategies and the real estate industry generally, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking information can be identified by terms such as "may", "will", "would", "should", "could", "likely", "expect", "plan", "anticipate", "believe", "intend", "estimate", "forecast", "predict", "potential", "project", "budget", "continue" or the negative thereof, or other similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts. Forward-looking statements are based on certain factors and assumptions regarding expected growth, results of operations, performance, and business prospects and opportunities. In addition, certain specific assumptions were made in preparing forward-looking information, including: that the Canadian and Dutch economies will generally experience growth, which, however, may be adversely impacted by the global economy, inflation and increasing interest rates, potential health crises and their direct or indirect impacts on the business of CAPREIT; that Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation ("CMHC") mortgage insurance will continue to be available and that a sufficient number of lenders will participate in the CMHC-insured mortgage program to ensure competitive rates; that the Canadian capital markets will continue to provide CAPREIT with access to equity and/or debt at reasonable rates; that vacancy rates for CAPREIT properties will be consistent with historical norms; that rental rates on renewals will grow; that rental rates on turnovers will grow; that the difference between in-place and market-based rents will be reduced upon such turnovers and renewals; that the markets in which CAPREIT currently operates remain stable, with no material increase in supply of directly-competitive residential real estate; that CAPREIT will effectively manage price pressures relating to its energy usage; and, with respect to CAPREIT's financial outlook regarding capital investments, assumptions respecting projected costs of construction and materials, availability of trades, the cost and availability of financing, CAPREIT's investment priorities, the properties in which investments will be made, the composition of the property portfolio and the projected return on investment in respect of specific capital investments. Management's estimates, beliefs and assumptions are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive and other uncertainties and contingencies regarding future events and, as such, are subject to change. Although the forward-looking statements contained in this press release are based on assumptions and information that is currently available to management, including current market conditions and management's assessment of acquisition, disposition and other opportunities that are or may become available to CAPREIT, which are subject to change, management believes these statements have been prepared on a reasonable basis, reflecting CAPREIT's best estimates and judgments. However, there can be no assurance actual results, terms or timing will be consistent with these forward-looking statements, and they may prove to be incorrect. Forward-looking statements necessarily involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond CAPREIT's control, that may cause CAPREIT's or the industry's actual results, performance, achievements, prospects and opportunities in future periods to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, among other things, risks related to: rent control and residential tenancy regulations, general economic conditions, privacy, cyber security and data governance risks, talent management and human resources shortages, taxation-related risks, energy costs, public health crises, environmental matters, vendor management and third-party service providers, operating risk, valuation risk, climate change, other regulatory compliance risks, availability of debt, risks related to acquisitions, dispositions and property development, catastrophic events, litigation risk, liquidity and price volatility of Trust Units, CAPREIT's investment in ERES, potential conflicts of interest, investment restrictions, lack of diversification of investment assets, geographic concentration, illiquidity of real property, capital investments, leasing risk, competition for real property investments, dependence on key personnel, adequacy of insurance and captive insurance, competition for residents, controls over financial reporting, the nature of CAPREIT Trust Units, Unitholder liability, dilution, distributions, participation in CAPREIT's distribution reinvestment plan ("DRIP") and foreign operation and currency risks. There can be no assurance that the expectations of CAPREIT's management will prove to be correct. These risks and uncertainties are more fully described in regulatory filings, including CAPREIT's Annual Information Form, which can be obtained on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca, under CAPREIT's profile, as well as under the "Risks and Uncertainties" section of the MD&A released on November 8, 2023. The information in this press release is based on information available to management as of November 8, 2023. Subject to applicable law, CAPREIT does not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking information.

SOURCE: Canadian Apartment Properties Real Estate Investment Trust

CAPREITMr. Mark KenneyPresident & Chief Executive Officer(416) 861-9404

CAPREITMr. Stephen CoChief Financial Officer(416) 306-3009

CAPREITMr. Julian SchonfeldtChief Investment Officer(647) 535-2544

SELECTED NON-IFRS MEASURES

A reconciliation of net income (loss) to FFO (formerly known as "NFFO") is as follows:

($ Thousands, except per unit amounts)	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
		2023			2022			2023			2022
Net income (loss)	$	(357,542	)	$	63,159		$	(420,786	)	$	(141,886	)
Adjustments:
Fair value adjustments of investment properties		507,003			95,680			803,204			542,788
Fair value adjustments of investments		3,272			19,799			24,989			98,000
Fair value adjustments of derivative financial instruments		(7,350	)		(25,248	)		2,677			(93,670	)
Unit-based compensation remeasurement gain		(3,318	)		(1,468	)		(954	)		(10,654	)
Fair value adjustments of Exchangeable LP Units		(9,519	)		(4,568	)		4,167			(29,991	)
Interest expense on Exchangeable LP Units		597			609			1,785			1,826
Gain on non-controlling interest		(29,542	)		(46,232	)		(36,250	)		(113,804	)
Net FFO impact attributable to ERES units held by non-controlling unitholders(1)		(4,833	)		(4,637	)		(14,303	)		(13,567	)
Deferred income tax expense (recovery)		(7,084	)		1,612			(70,100	)		17,187
Loss (gain) on foreign currency translation		7,533			3,800			(1,816	)		20,952
Loss on transactions and other activities(2)		4,031			3,177			10,102			23,302
Lease principal repayments		(298	)		(275	)		(882	)		(721	)
Former FFO	$	102,950		$	105,408		$	301,833		$	299,762
Reorganization, senior management termination, and retirement costs(3)		4,836			—			6,860			6,250
Amortization of losses from accumulated other comprehensive loss to interest and other financing costs		—			121			68			1,294
Net loss (gain) on derecognition of debt		439			997			(3,307	)		(1,766	)
Mortgage prepayment cost		55			12			55			1,354
Costs relating to transactions that were not completed		—			24			—			161
FFO (formerly known as "NFFO")	$	108,280		$	106,562		$	305,509		$	307,055
Weighted average number of units (000s) ‑ diluted		169,727			174,588			170,213			175,629
FFO per unit – diluted (formerly known as "NFFO per unit – diluted")	$	0.638		$	0.610		$	1.795		$	1.748
Total distributions declared	$	61,536		$	63,005		$	184,862		$	190,446
FFO payout ratio (formerly known as "NFFO payout ratio")(4)		56.8	%		59.1	%		60.5	%		62.0	%

(1)	The adjustment is based on applying the 35% weighted average ownership held by ERES non-controlling unitholders (September 30, 2022 – 34%).
(2)	Includes amortization of property, plant, and equipment and right-of-use asset and impairment of goodwill.
(3)	For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, includes $679 and $765, respectively, of accelerated vesting of previously granted unit-based compensation (three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 – $nil and $976, respectively).
(4)	The payout ratio compares distributions declared to FFO (formerly known as "NFFO").

Reconciliation of Unitholders' Equity to NAV:

($ Thousands, except per unit amounts)
As at	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022			September 30, 2022
Unitholders' equity	$	9,304,029		$	10,003,695		$	9,832,599
Adjustments:
Exchangeable LP Units		74,257			71,668			70,694
Unit-based compensation financial liabilities excluding ERES's unit options plan		20,165			17,455			16,488
Deferred income tax liability		58,124			120,524			141,179
Deferred income tax asset		(13,686	)		(6,173	)		(3,812	)
Derivative assets – non-current		(55,018	)		(62,599	)		(84,073	)
Derivative assets – current		(7,691	)		—			(26,568	)
Derivative liabilities – current		7,154			10,625			—
Adjustment to ERES non-controlling interest(1)		(159,101	)		(200,629	)		(215,972	)
NAV	$	9,228,233		$	9,954,566		$	9,730,535
Diluted number of units		169,777			171,599			172,393
NAV per unit – diluted	$	54.36		$	58.01		$	56.44

(1)

CAPREIT accounts for the non-controlling interest in ERES as a liability, measured at the trading value of ERES's units not owned by CAPREIT. The adjustment is made so that the non-controlling interest in ERES is measured at ERES's disclosed NAV, rather than ERES's trading value. The table below summarizes the calculation of adjustment to ERES non-controlling interest as at September 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022:

($ Thousands)
As at	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022			September 30, 2022
ERES's NAV	€	711,062		€	899,166		€	987,803
Ownership by ERES non-controlling interest		35	%		34	%		34	%
Closing foreign exchange rate		1.4360			1.4498			1.3463
Impact to NAV due to ERES's non-controlling unitholders	$	357,385		$	443,228		$	452,159
Less: ERES units held by non-controlling unitholders	$	198,284		$	242,599		$	236,187
Adjustment to ERES non-controlling interest	$	159,101		$	200,629		$	215,972

Reconciliation for Total Debt and Total Debt Ratios:

($ Thousands)
As at	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022			September 30, 2022
Mortgages payable – non-current	$	5,797,931		$	5,963,820		$	5,874,897
Mortgages payable – current		741,706			613,277			623,385
Liabilities related to assets held for sale		—			38,116			—
Mortgage debt		6,539,637			6,615,213			6,498,282
Bank Indebtedness – non-current		489,024			388,975			402,112
Total Debt	$	7,028,661		$	7,004,188		$	6,900,394
Total Assets	$	16,946,089		$	17,741,888		$	17,456,012
Add: Total accumulated amortization and depreciation		43,865			42,100			40,468
Gross Book Value(1)	$	16,989,954		$	17,783,988		$	17,496,480
Ratio of Total Debt to Gross Book Value		41.4	%		39.4	%		39.4	%
Ratio of Mortgage debt to Gross Book Value		38.5	%		37.2	%		37.1	%

(1)	Gross Book Value ("GBV") is defined by CAPREIT's Declaration of Trust.

Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDAFV:

($ Thousands)
For the Trailing 12 Months Ended	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022			September 30, 2022
Net income (loss)	$	(265,263	)	$	13,637		$	503,073
Adjustments:
Interest and other financing costs		201,950			180,434			177,600
Interest on Exchangeable LP Units		2,394			2,435			2,434
Current and deferred income tax expense (recovery)		(95,053	)		(10,034	)		57,629
Amortization of property, plant and equipment and right-of-use asset		6,448			7,462			7,819
Unit-based compensation amortization expense		7,943			7,256			7,301
EUPP unit-based compensation expense		(545	)		(514	)		(511	)
Fair value adjustments of investment properties		728,743			468,327			(25,492	)
Fair value adjustments of financial instruments		75,313			7,440			(55,202	)
Net gain on derecognition of debt		(3,307	)		(1,766	)		(1,766	)
Gain on non-controlling interest		(27,268	)		(104,822	)		(102,919	)
Loss (gain) on foreign currency translation		(2,539	)		21,000			21,917
Loss on dispositions and other		5,318			3,318			3,624
Adjusted EBITDAFV adjustment for income from investment in associate(1)		—			—			(7,060	)
Goodwill impairment loss		—			14,278			14,278
Adjusted EBITDAFV	$	634,134		$	608,451		$	602,725

(1)	Relates to CAPREIT's share of Irish Residential Properties REIT plc investment property fair value gain.

Debt Service Coverage Ratio

($ Thousands)
For the Trailing 12 Months Ended	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022			September 30, 2022
Interest on mortgages payable and liabilities related to assets held for sale	$	161,855		$	154,467		$	151,588
Interest on bank indebtedness		21,808			8,292			8,278
Mortgage principal repayments		161,102			162,048			160,438
Debt service payments	$	344,765		$	324,807		$	320,304
Adjusted EBITDAFV	$	634,134		$	608,451		$	602,725
Debt Service Coverage Ratio (times)	1.8x			1.9x			1.9x

Interest Coverage Ratio

($ Thousands)
For the Trailing 12 Months Ended	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022			September 30, 2022
Interest on mortgages payable and liabilities related to assets held for sale	$	161,855		$	154,467		$	151,588
Interest on bank indebtedness		21,808			8,292			8,278
Interest Expense	$	183,663		$	162,759		$	159,866
Adjusted EBITDAFV	$	634,134		$	608,451		$	602,725
Interest coverage ratio (times)	3.5x			3.7x			3.8x