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FED Firstfed Financial Corp

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Delayed by 15 minutes
Share Name Share Symbol Market Type
Firstfed Financial Corp NYSE:FED NYSE Ordinary Share
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  0.00 0.00% 0.00 -

- Quarterly Report (10-Q)

10/11/2008 9:26pm

Edgar (US Regulatory)






UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
 
R
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2008

OR
 
*
TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number: 1-9566

FIRSTFED FINANCIAL CORP .
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
95-4087449
 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
                                             
  12555 W. Jefferson Boulevard, Los Angeles, California                    90066
                    (Address of principal executive offices)                                (Zip Code)
      
(310) 302-5600
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Stock, $0.01 par value
Title of Class

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act:
None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes     R                         No     *

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):
Large accelerated filer   R                                   Accelerated filer *                               Non-accelerated filer *

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).


Yes     *             No     R

As of November 1, 2008, 13,684,553 shares of the Registrant's $0.01 par value common stock were outstanding.

 
1

 


FirstFed Financial Corp.
 
Index
 
Report on Form 10-Q
 
For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2008
 
           
           
         
Page
 
Part I.
Financial Information
 
           
 
Item 1.
Financial Statements
     
           
   
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2008, December 31, 2007 and September 30, 2007
   
3
 
             
   
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007
   
4
 
             
   
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007
   
5
 
             
   
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
   
6
 
             
 
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Operations
   
17
 
             
 
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
   
34
 
             
 
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
   
34
 
             
Part II.
Other Information  (omitted items are inapplicable)
 
             
 
Item 6.
Exhibits
   
35
 
             
Signatures
       
36
 
             
Exhibits
           
 
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
37
 
             
 
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
38
 
             
 
32.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 USC Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
39
 
             
 
32.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 USC Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
40
 


 
2

 

PART I - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Item 1. Financial Statements

FirstFed Financial Corp. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
   
September 30,
2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
September 30,
2007
 
ASSETS
                 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 62,661     $ 53,974     $ 114,557  
Investment securities, available-for-sale (at fair value)
    329,042       316,788       327,351  
Mortgage-backed securities, available-for-sale (at fair value)
    41,510       46,435       47,923  
Loans receivable, held for sale (fair value $0, $0 and $218)
                218  
Loans receivable, net of allowances for loan losses of $264,092, $128,058 and $116,224
    6,395,706       6,518,214       6,632,392  
Accrued interest and dividends receivable
    32,260       45,492       45,120  
Real estate owned, net (REO)       132,957        21,090        18,728  
Office properties and equipment, net
    21,140       17,785       16,295  
Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) stock, at cost
    130,496       104,387       76,751  
Other assets
    209,524       98,816       88,761  
    $ 7,355,296     $ 7,222,981     $ 7,368,096  
                         
LIABILITIES
                       
Deposits
  $ 4,328,850     $ 4,156,692     $ 4,466,519  
FHLB advances
    2,313,000       2,084,000       1,501,000  
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
          120,000       520,000  
Senior debentures
    150,000       150,000       150,000  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    64,250       57,790       87,745  
      6,856,100       6,568,482       6,725,264  
                         
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
                       
                         
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
                       
Common stock, par value $.01 per share; authorized 100,000,000 shares;
                       
issued 24,002,093, 23,970,227 and 23,966,227 shares; outstanding 13,684,553,
13,640,997, and 13,636,997 shares
        240           240           240  
Additional paid-in capital
    57,176       55,232       54,303  
Retained earnings
    708,532       865,411       856,993  
Unreleased shares to employee stock ownership plan
    (31 )     (339 )     (870 )
Treasury stock, at cost, 10,317,540, 10,329,230, and 10,329,230 shares
    (266,040 )     (266,040 )     (266,040 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss,  net of taxes
    (681 )     (5 )     (1,794 )
      499,196       654,499       642,832  
    $ 7,355,296     $ 7,222,981     $ 7,368,096  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
3

 
FirstFed Financial Corp. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
   
Three months ended September 30,
   
Nine months ended September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
Interest and dividend income:
                       
Interest on loans
  $ 93,141     $ 134,090     $ 297,807     $ 445,923  
Interest on mortgage-backed securities
    427       636       1,543       2,026  
Interest and dividends on investments
    6,356       5,687       17,754       17,617  
Total interest income
    99,924       140,413       317,104       465,566  
Interest expense:
                               
Interest on deposits
    32,280       50,606       105,738       165,724  
Interest on borrowings
    21,864       27,628       71,541       92,753  
Total interest expense
    54,144       78,234       177,279       258,477  
                                 
Net interest income
    45,780       62,179       139,825       207,089  
Provision for loan losses
    110,300       4,500       350,800       11,400  
Net interest (loss) income after provision for loan losses
    (64,520 )     57,679       (210,975 )     195,689  
                                 
Other income:
                               
Loan servicing and other fees
    149       550       3,407       2,364  
Banking service fees
    1,848       1,663       5,306       5,035  
Gain on sale of loans
          308       20       4,746  
Net gain (loss) on real estate owned
    4,170       (1,625 )     7,357       (1,814 )
Other operating income
    2,374       610       5,098       1,369  
Total other income
    8,541       1,506       21,188       11,700  
                                 
Non-interest expense:
                               
Salaries and employee benefits
    11,105       12,366       35,456       37,119  
Occupancy
    3,029       3,295       10,932       9,095  
Advertising
    284       194       619       636  
Amortization of core deposit intangible
    127       127       380       752  
Federal deposit insurance
    1,074       743       2,970       2,295  
Data processing
    559       535       1,667       1,738  
OTS assessment
    439       501       1,347       1,654  
Legal
    497       (1,269 )     1,805       (83 )
Real estate owned operations
    4,277       369       8,541       731  
Other operating expense
    1,776       2,253       6,642       6,964  
Total non-interest expense
    23,167       19,114       70,359       60,901  
                                 
(Loss) income before income taxes
    (79,146 )     40,071       (260,146 )     146,488  
Income taxes (benefit) expenses
    (27,560 )     17,070       (103,267 )     62,032  
Net (loss) income
  $ (51,586 )   $ 23,001     $ (156,879 )   $ 84,456  
                                 
Net (loss) income
  $ (51,586 )   $ 23,001     $ (156,879 )   $ 84,456  
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of taxes (benefits)
    (756 )     761       (676 )     50  
Comprehensive (loss) income
  $ (52,342 )   $ 23,762     $ (157,555 )   $ 84,506  
                                 
(Loss) earnings per share:
                               
Basic
  $ (3.77 )   $ 1.58     $ (11.48 )   $ 5.32  
Diluted
  $ (3.77 )   $ 1.57     $ (11.48 )   $ 5.25  
                                 
Weighted average shares outstanding:
                               
Basic
    13,668,576       14,536,615       13,663,059       15,865,884  
Diluted
    13,668,576       14,693,226       13,663,059       16,075,136  


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
4

 
FirstFed Financial Corp. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
   
Nine months ended September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
           
 Net (loss) income
  $ (156,879 )   $ 84,456  
    Adjustments to reconcile net income to
               
Net cash provided by operating activities:
               
 Net change in loans held for sale
          140,642  
 Stock option compensation
    1,551       1,584  
 Excess tax benefits related to stock option awards
    (29 )     (1,877 )
 Depreciation and amortization
    1,901       1,906  
 Provision for loan losses
    350,800       11,400  
 Amortization of fees and premiums/discounts
    10,355       27,481  
 Decrease (increase) in interest income accrued in excess of borrower payments
     12,035        (74,153
 (Loss) gain on sale of real estate owned, net
    (20,529 )     29  
 REO write down
    13,172       1,785  
 Gain on sale of loans
    (20 )     (4,746 )
 FHLB stock dividends
    (4,518 )     (4,038 )
 Change in deferred taxes
    (54,536 )     (19,963 )
 Change in current taxes
    (45,957 )     853  
 Decrease in interest and dividends receivable
    13,232       9,692  
 Decrease in interest payable
    (7,967 )     (43,364 )
 Amortization of core deposit intangible asset
    380       752  
 Increase in other assets
    (10,104 )     (3,093 )
 Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other liabilities
    14,427       (2,463 )
        Total adjustments
    274,193       42,427  
     Net cash provided by operating activities
    117,314       126,883  
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
               
Loans made to customers and principal collections on loans, net
     (495,091      1,761,989  
Loans purchased
    (6,484 )      
Proceeds from sale of real estate
    146,194       2,849  
Proceeds from maturities and principal payments of investment securities, available for sale
     38,597        50,043  
Principal reductions on mortgage-backed securities, available for sale
     4,763        8,769  
Purchase of investment securities, available for sale
    (51,647 )     (65,019 )
(Purchase) redemption of FHLB stock, net
    (21,591 )     46,265  
Purchases of premises and equipment
    (5,256 )     (1,632 )
     Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
    (390,515 )     1,803,264  
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Net (decrease) increase in retail and commercial deposits
    (250,104 )     185,793  
Net increase (decrease)  in  brokered deposits
    422,262       (1,609,155 )
Net decrease in short term borrowings
    (386,000 )     (447,448 )
Net increase in long term borrowings
    495,000       50,000  
Proceeds from stock options exercised
    529       2,474  
Purchases of treasury stock
          (152,264 )
Excess tax benefits related to stock option awards
    29       1,877  
Other
    172       2,043  
         Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    281,888       (1,966,680 )
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    8,687       (36,533 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    53,974       151,090  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ $62,661     $ 114,557  

 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
5

 

FirstFed Financial Corp. and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation

 
The unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. In the opinion of the Company, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the results of operations for the periods covered have been made. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.
 
 
It is suggested that these condensed financial statements be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s latest annual report on Form 10-K, which contains the latest available audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, which are as of and for the year ended December 31, 2007. The results for the periods covered hereby are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for a full year.
 

2. (Loss) Earnings per Share

 
Basic (loss) earnings per share were computed by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Additionally diluted earnings per share include the effect of stock options and non-vested restricted stock, if dilutive. (Loss) earnings per common share have been computed based on the following:
 
   
Three months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands, except share data)
Net (loss) income
  $ (51,586 )   $ 23,001  
                 
Average number of common shares outstanding
    13,668,576       14,536,615  
Effect of dilutive stock options
          156,611  
         Average number of common shares outstanding used  to calculate
             diluted (loss) earnings per common share               
    13,668,576       14,693,226  

 
There was no dilutive effect during the third quarter of 2008 since the Company was in a net loss position. There were 863,197 and 390,272 anti-dilutive shares excluded from the weighted average shares outstanding calculation during the third quarter of 2008 and 2007, respectively.


6






   
Nine months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
 
(Dollars in thousands, except share data)
             
Net (loss) income
  $ (156,879 )   $ 84,456  
                 
Average number of common shares outstanding
    13,663,059       15,865,884  
Effect of dilutive stock options
          209,252  
Average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate
     diluted (loss) earnings per common share
    13,663,059       16,075,136  

There was no dilutive effect during the first nine months of 2008 since the Company was in a net loss position. There were 863,197 and 245,624 anti-dilutive shares excluded from the weighted average shares outstanding calculation during the first nine months of 2008 and 2007, respectively.

3. Cash and Cash Equivalents

 
For purposes of reporting cash flows on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash, overnight investments, and securities purchased under agreements to resell which mature within 90 days of the date of purchase.
 
 
4. Loan Loss Allowances
 
Listed below is a summary of activity in the general valuation allowance and the valuation allowance for impaired loans during the periods indicated.
   
 
General Valuation Allowance
   
Valuation Allowances
 For
 Impaired Loans
   
 
 
 
Total
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2007:
  $ 127,503     $ 555     $ 128,058  
Provision for loan losses
    306,180       44,620       350,800  
Yield adjustment on troubled
    debt restructurings (1)
          (2,434 )     (2,434 )
Charge-offs:
                       
Single family
    (207,060 )     (6,523 )     (213,583 )
Total charge-offs
    (207,060 )     (6,523 )     (213,583 )
Recoveries
    1,251             1,251  
Net charge-offs
    (205,809 )     (6,523 )     (212,332 )
Transfers
    (6,514 )     6,514        
Balance at September 30, 2008:
  $ 221,360     $ 42,732     $ 264,092  

(1) The Bank establishes an impaired loan valuation allowance for the difference between the recorded investment of the original loan at the time of modification and the expected cash flows of the modified loan (discounted at the effective interest rate of the original loan during the modification period). The difference is recorded as a provision for loan losses during the current period and subsequently amortized over the expected life of the loan as an adjustment to the loan yield or as adjustment to the loan loss provision if the loan is prepaid.

7

   
 
General Valuation Allowance
   
Valuation Allowances
 For
 Impaired Loans
   
 
 
 
Total
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2006:
  $ 109,768     $     $ 109,768  
Provision for loan losses
    11,400             11,400  
Charge-offs:
                       
Single family
    (5,008 )           (5,008 )
Commercial loans
    (52 )             (52 )
Consumer loans
    (50 )           (50 )
Total charge-offs
    (5,110 )           (5,110 )
Recoveries
    166             166  
Net charge-offs
    (4,944 )           (4,944 )
Balance at September 30, 2007:
  $ 116,224     $     $ 116,224  
 
5. Impaired Loans and Troubled Debt Restructurings

The Company considers a loan impaired when management believes that it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Estimated impairment losses are recorded as separate valuation allowances and may be subsequently adjusted based upon changes in the measurement of impairment. Impaired loans, net of valuation allowances, include non-accrual major loans (commercial business loans with an outstanding principal amount greater than or equal to $500 thousand, single family loans greater than or equal to $1.0 million, and income property loans with an outstanding principal amount greater than or equal to $1.5 million), modified loans which are considered troubled debt restructurings because they do not meet the Company’s current product offerings and underwriting standards, and major loans less than 90 days delinquent for which full payment of principal and interest is not expected to be received.

The following is a summary of impaired loans, net of valuation allowances for impairment, at the dates indicated:
   
September 30,
2008
   
December 31,
2007
   
September 30,
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Restructured loans
  $ 500,139     $ 1,799     $  
Non-accrual loans
    30,670       20,112       11,907  
Other impaired loans
          1,625       4,478  
    $ 530,809     $ 23,536     $ 16,385  

When a loan is considered impaired, the Company measures impairment based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate. However, if the loan is "collateral-dependent" or foreclosure is probable, impairment is measured based on the fair value of the collateral. When the measure of an impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the Company records an impairment allowance equal to the excess of the recorded investment in the loan over its measured value.


8

 
The following is a summary of information pertaining to impaired loans at the dates indicated:
   
September 30,
2008
   
December 31,
 2007
   
September 30,
 2007
 
 
 (Dollars in thousands)
 
           Impaired loans without valuation allowances
  $ 31,027     $ 16,606     $ 16,385  
           Impaired loans with valuation allowances
    542,514       7,485        
           Valuation allowances on impaired loans
    (42,732 )     (555 )      



   
Nine months ended
 
   
September 30,
2008
   
September 30,
 2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Average investment in impaired loans
  $ 465,047     $ 15,164  
Interest recognized on impaired loans
    5,719       258  
Interest recognized on impaired loans using the cash basis
    3,365       213  
 
6. Real Estate Owned Activity

The following table shows activity in real estate owned (REO) during the periods indicated:

   
Nine months ended
 
   
September 30, 2008
   
September 30,
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Beginning Balance
  $ 21,090     $ 1,094  
Acquisitions
    250,705       22,297  
Write-downs
    (13,172 )     (1,785 )
Sales of REO
    (125,666 )     (2,878 )
Ending Balance
  $ 132,957     $ 18,728  
 
Net gain (loss) on real estate owned is comprised of the following items for the periods indicated:
   
Three months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
  Gain on sale of REO
  $ 12,342     $ 111  
  Loss on sale of REO
    (1,518 )     (60 )
  Write downs on REO
    (6,654 )     (1,676 )
    $ 4,170     $ (1,625 )
                 
   
Nine months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
  Gain on sale of REO
  $ 22,348     $ 213  
  Loss on sale of REO
    (1,819 )     (242 )
  Write downs on REO
    (13,172 )     (1,785 )
    $ 7,357     $ (1,814 )
                 


9

The following items are included in real estate owned operations for the periods indicated:

   
Three months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
  Single family expense
  $ (4,306 )   $ (370 )
  Single family income
    29       1  
    $ (4,277 )   $ (369 )

   
Nine months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
  Single family expense
  $ (8,602 )   $ (732 )
  Single family income
    61       1  
    $ (8,541 )   $ (731 )
 
7. Income Taxes
 
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 109, Accou nting for Income Taxes , requires that, when determining the need for a valuation allowance against a deferred tax asset, management must assess both positive and negative evidence with regard to the realizability of the tax losses represented by that asset. To the extent that available sources of taxable income are insufficient to absorb tax losses, a valuation allowance is necessary. Sources of taxable income for this analysis include prior years’ tax returns, the expected reversals of taxable temporary differences between book and tax income, prudent and feasible tax planning strategies and future taxable income. The Company’s tax asset has increased substantially during the first nine months of 2008 due to a significant increase in its loan loss allowances. The deferred tax asset related to loan loss allowances will be realized when actual charge-offs are made against the loan loss allowances. For federal income tax purposes, future charge-offs that result in a net operating loss for a period may be carried back and offset against the taxable income of the two prior years. Based on the availability of these loss carry-backs and projected taxable income during the periods for which loss carry-forwards are available, management believes that no valuation allowance is necessary for the Bank’s federal deferred tax asset.  No loss carry-backs are allowed for California tax purposes during 2008. Because the realizability of the state net operating loss is less assured due to the lack of a carry back provision, a valuation allowance of $8.5 million has been recorded against that asset at September 30, 2008.
 
The deferred tax asset (included in other assets) increased to $135.2 million at September 30, 2008 compared to $80.7 million at December 31, 2007 and $71.4 million at September 30, 2007. Income taxes receivable (included in other assets) increased to $55.1 million at September 30, 2008 from $9.1 million at December 31, 2007. At September 30, 2007, income taxes payable were $853 thousand.
 
10

8. Fair Value Measurements
 
SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements , defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurement, and enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The three levels are defined as follow:
 
       
•  
 
Level 1
  
inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
     
 
Level 2
  
inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
     
 
Level 3
  
inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value
measurement.
 
The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy:
 
Assets
 
Securities
 
Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 includes securities that have quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flow. Examples of such instruments, which would generally be classified within level 2 of the valuation hierarchy, include certain collateralized mortgage and debt obligations and certain high-yield debt securities. In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities are classified within level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. The Company did not have any level 1 or level 3 securities as of September 30, 2008.
 
Loans held for sale
 
Loans held for sale are required to be measured based on the lower of cost or fair value. Under SFAS No. 157, market value is used to represent fair value. When management has loans held for sale, it obtains quotes or bids on all or part of these loans directly from the purchasing financial institutions. At September 30, 2008, the Company had no loans held for sale.
 
Impaired loans
 
SFAS No. 157 applies to loans measured for impairment using the practical expedients permitted by SFAS No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan , including impaired loans measured at an observable market price (if available), or at the fair value of the loan’s collateral (if the loan is collateral dependent). When a modified loan is considered impaired, the Company measures impairment based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate. The effective interest rate of the loan is the interest rate of the loan prior to restructuring, including adjustment for deferred loan fees or costs. However, if the loan is "collateral-dependent" or a probable foreclosure, impairment is measured based on the fair value of the collateral. Fair value of the loan’s collateral, when the loan is dependent on collateral, is determined by appraisals or independent valuation which is then adjusted for the cost related to liquidation of the collateral. When the measure of an impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the Company records an impairment allowance equal to the excess of our recorded investment in the loan over its measured value.
 
Real estate owned
 
Certain assets such as real estate owned (REO) are measured at fair value less the estimated cost to sell. The Company believes that using fair value as a basis for measuring REO follows the provisions of SFAS No. 157. The fair value of REO at September 30, 2008 was determined either by appraisals or independent valuations that were then adjusted for the cost related to liquidation of the subject property, or by sales agreement.
 

11

 
Assets measured at fair value at September 30, 2008 are as follows:
 
                   
     
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
Description
Total
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
       
(Dollars in thousands)
Recurring Items:
       
Available-for-sale securities:
                 
Collateralized mortgage obligations
$
329,042
 
 
$
329,042
 
Mortgage-backed securities
 
41,510
 
  
 
41,510
  
Total available-for-sale securities
$
370,552
 
 
$
370,552
 
                   
     
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
Description
Total
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
       
(Dollars in thousands)
Non-Recurring Items:
       
 
Impaired loans
$
530,809
 
 
$
530,809
 
 
Real estate owned
 
132,957
 
  
 
132,957
  
 
$
663,766
 
 
$
663,766
 
         
  
   
  
 
 
Liabilities
 
The Bank did not identify any liabilities to be presented at fair value as of September 30, 2008.
 
9. Stock Options and Restricted Stock

The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $426 thousand and $1.4 million, net of tax, for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2008, respectively. For the third quarter and the first nine months of 2007, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $407 thousand and $1.3 million, net of tax, respectively.

At September 30, 2008, the Company had options outstanding issued under two share-based compensation programs, the 1994 Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan (“1994 Plan”) and the 1997 Non-employee Directors Stock Incentive Plan (“Directors 1997 Plan”). At September 30, 2008, the number of shares available to be granted for option awards under the 1994 Plan totaled 1,669,765. The Directors 1997 Plan was terminated in connection with the implementation of a new restricted stock plan during 2007. No new grants were made in 2008 under the Directors 1997 Plan.

Options granted under the 1994 Plan are vested over a six year period and have a maximum contractual term of 10 years. Options previously granted to non-employee directors under the Directors 1997 Plan were vested in one year and had a maximum contractual term of 10 years.

 
12

 
Options under all of the share-based compensation programs are granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company’s stock at the date of grant. The fair value of each grant has been estimated as of the grant date using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The expected life is estimated based on the actual weighted average life of historical exercise activity of the grantee population. The volatility factors are based on the historical volatilities of the Company’s stock, and these are used to estimate volatilities over the expected life of the options. The risk-free interest rate is the implied yield available on zero coupons (U.S. Treasury Rate) at the grant date with a remaining term equal to the expected life of the options. Estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual future events or the value ultimately realized by employees who receive stock incentive awards, and subsequent events are not indicative of the reasonableness of the original estimates of fair value calculated by the Company.

The weighted average fair value of options granted under the 1994 Plan during the first quarter of 2008 was $10.91 per share using the following assumptions: expected volatility of 24%; risk-free interest rate of 3.15%; and an expected average life of 5.9 years. The weighted average fair value of options granted under the 1994 Plan during the first quarter of 2007 was $25.30 per share using the following assumptions; expected volatility of 27%; risk-free interest rate of 4.87%; and an expected average life of 6.0 years.

The following is a summary of the Company’s stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2008:

 
 
 
 
Stock Options:
 
 Number of Shares
   
Weighted
Average Exercise Price ($)
   
Weighted
Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)
   
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(In thousands)
 
                         
Outstanding at January 1, 2008
    781,787     $ 42.67              
Granted
    160,800       36.07              
Exercised
    (31,866 )     16.59              
Forfeited
    (61,914 )     43.77              
Outstanding at September 30, 2008
    848,807     $ 42.32       5.90     $  
Exercisable at September 30, 2008
    364,111     $ 31.16       7.40     $  

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the first nine months of 2008 was $445 thousand. This compares to $1.2 million and $5.2 million during the third quarter and the first nine months of 2007, respectively. Cash received from options exercised during the first nine months of 2008 was $529 thousand. No options were exercised during the third quarter of 2008. Cash received from options exercised during the third quarter and the first nine months of 2007 was $1.2 million and $2.5 million, respectively.

As of September 30, 2008, the unearned compensation cost related to non-vested stock options totaled $3.1 million to be recognized over a weighted average period of 4.1 years.

Restricted Stock

On April 26, 2007, the stockholders of the Company adopted the 2007 Non-employee Directors Restricted Stock Plan (“2007 Plan”). Under the 2007 Plan, the Company may grant up to 200,000 shares to non-employee directors of the Company. For each grant, 50% of the restricted shares vest on the first anniversary date of the issuance and the remaining 50% vest on the second anniversary date of the issuance. The Company issued 1,670 shares of restricted stock to each of its seven non-employee directors during the first quarter of 2008 compared to 900 shares during the first quarter of 2007. Upon retirement of a non-employee director, any non-vested shares of restricted stock automatically vest.


13




The following is a summary of the Company’s non-vested restricted stock as of September 30, 2008.

 
 
 
 
 
Non-vested Restricted Stock:
 
 
 
Number
of
Shares
 
 
Weighted
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
 
         
Outstanding at January 1, 2008
   5,400
 
$67.26
 
Granted
11,690
 
$36.07
 
Vested
(2,700)
 
$67.26
 
Forfeited
   
     
Outstanding at September 30, 2008
  14,390
 
$41.92
 

The total fair value of the restricted stock awards that vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $97 thousand compared to $54 thousand during the same period in the prior year.

Stock-based compensation expense recorded in connection with the 2007 Plan totaled $177 thousand, net of tax, during the nine months ended September 30, 2008. As of September 30, 2008, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted awards totaled $207 thousand to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.1 years.

10. Supplementary Executive Retirement Plan

The following table sets forth the net periodic benefit cost attributable to the Company’s Supplementary Executive Retirement Plan:

   
Pension Benefits
 
             
   
Three months ended
September 30,
   
Nine months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
                         
  Service cost
  $ 86     $ 76     $ 258     $ 152  
  Interest cost
    257       216       771       432  
  Amortization of net loss
    190       96       570       192  
  Amortization of prior service cost
                       
    Net periodic benefit cost
  $ 533     $ 388     $ 1,599     $ 776  
                                 
Weighted Average Assumptions
                               
  Discount rate
    6.25 %     5.75 %     6.25 %     5.75 %
  Rate of compensation increase
    4.00 %     4.00 %     4.00 %     4.00 %
  Expected return on plan assets
    N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A  

The Company does not expect any significant changes to the amounts previously disclosed as contributions for benefit payments. The expenses during the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 increased compared to the same periods of the prior year mainly due to an increase in covered pay for the participants in 2007.


14

 
11. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles . This statement identifies  the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the Unites States (“GAAP hierarchy”). This statement also clarifies that the GAAP hierarchy should be directed to entities because it is the entity (not its auditor) that is responsible for selecting accounting principles for financial statements that are presented in accordance with GAAP. The statement is effective 60 days following the SEC’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 411, The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles . The Company does not expect that this statement will result in a change in current practice. Therefore, management does not expect this statement to have an impact on the Company’s financial results.

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities . This standard is intended to improve financial reporting about derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring enhanced disclosures to enable investors to better understand their effects on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The Company has no derivative instruments or hedging activities.

In December 2007, the FASB issued two new statements: (a) SFAS No. 141 (R) (revised 2007), Business Combinations , and (b) SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements. These statements are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and the application of these standards will improve, simplify, and converge internationally the accounting for business combinations and the reporting of noncontrolling interests in financial statements. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact, if any, on SFAS No. 141 (R) and SFAS No. 160 and does not anticipate that the adoption of these standards will have any impact on its financial statements.

(a)  SFAS No. 141 (R) requires an acquiring entity in a business combination to: (i) recognize all (and only) the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed in the transaction, (ii) establish an acquisition-date fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and the liabilities assumed, and (iii) disclose to investors and other users all of the information they will need to evaluate and understand the nature of, and the financial effect of, the business combination, and (iv) recognize and measure the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase.

(b) SFAS No. 160 will improve the relevance, comparability and transparency of financial information provided to investors by requiring all entities to: (i) report noncontrolling (minority) interests in subsidiaries in the same manner as equity but separate from the parent’s equity, in financial statements, (ii) net income attributable to the parent and to the non-controlling interest must be clearly identified and presented on the face of the statement of income, and (iii) any changes in the parent’s ownership interest while the parent retains the controlling financial interest in its subsidiary be accounted for consistently. The Company has no minority interest in subsidiaries at the present time.

In December 2007, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 110, Share-Based Payment , which amends SAB No. 107, Share-Based Payment, to permit public companies, under certain circumstances, to continue to use the simplified method in SAB No. 107, to estimate the expected term of their " plain vanilla" employee options. Although the Company’s stock options fit the definition of " plain vanilla" according to SAB 110, because it has sufficient relevant historical option exercise data to provide a reasonable basis to estimate an option’s expected term, SAB No. 110 does not apply to the Company.


15

 
In November 2007, the SEC issued SAB No. 109, Written Loan Commitments Recorded at Fair Value Through Earnings. SAB No. 109 was effective for fiscal quarters beginning after December 15, 2007. SAB No. 109 was issued to clarify the SEC staff position that internally developed intangible assets should not be included in the fair value of derivative loan commitments and other written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings. The Company did not have any derivative loan commitments or written loan commitments that were accounted for at fair value through earnings as of September 30, 2008. Therefore, this bulletin did not have any impact on the Company’s financial results.

In February 2007, SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities-Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115, was issued. This statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The objective is to improve financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. This statement was effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company has not chosen to measure additional financial instruments at fair value. Therefore, the adoption of this statement on January 1, 2008 did not have any impact on the Company’s financial results.
 

 
16

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Operations

The following narrative is written with the presumption that the users have read our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which contains the latest audited financial statements and notes thereto, together with Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, as of December 31, 2007, and for the year then ended. Therefore, only material changes in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of operations are discussed herein.

The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) maintains a web site which contains reports, proxy statements, and other information pertaining to registrants that file electronically with the SEC, including the Company. The internet address is: www.sec.gov. In addition, our periodic and current reports are available free of charge on our website at www.firstfedca.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC.

Note regarding forward-looking statements:   This quarterly report contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this quarterly report that address activities, events or developments that we expect, believe or anticipate will or may occur in the future, are forward-looking statements. These statements are based on certain assumptions and analyses made by us in light of our experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors the Company believe are appropriate in the circumstances. These forward-looking statements are subject to various factors, many of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from such statements. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the general business environment, interest rate fluctuations that may affect operating margins, the California real estate market, branch openings, regulatory actions, and competitive conditions in the business and geographic areas in which the Company conducts business. In addition, these forward-looking statements are subject to assumptions as to future business strategies and decisions that are subject to change. The Company makes no guarantees or promises regarding future results and assumes no responsibility to update such forward-looking statements, except to the extent that it is required to do so under applicable law.

Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
At September 30, 2008, FirstFed Financial Corp. ("Company"), the holding company for First Federal Bank of California and its subsidiaries ("Bank"), had consolidated stockholders’ equity of $499.2 million compared to $654.5 million at December 31, 2007 and $642.8 million at September 30, 2007. Stockholders’ equity decreased from December 31, 2007 to September 30, 2008 due to a $156.9 million loss recorded during the first nine months of 2008. Total assets were unchanged at $7.4 billion at both September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007. The slight increase from $7.2 billion at December 31, 2007 to $7.4 billion at September 30, 2008 was due primarily to increased loan originations and lower levels of loan payoffs.
 
The loss during the third quarter of 2008 was due primarily to the provision for loan losses relating to the Bank’s single family loan portfolio. The provision was necessary due to the level of charge-offs recorded in the third quarter and the continuing decline in value of single family homes in California. During the third quarter of 2008, the Bank was successful in modifying loan terms for borrowers with aggregate loan balances of approximately $223.1 million that were close to their payment reset date. During the first nine months of 2008, the Bank modified loans with aggregate loan balances of approximately $559.0 million.


17

 
Non-performing assets as a percentage of total assets increased to 7.87% at September 30, 2008 compared to 2.79% at December 31, 2007 and 1.40% at September 30, 2007. Recently published reports indicate that most financial institutions that have originated single family loans over the past few years have experienced increased loan defaults and foreclosures. The increase in loan defaults and foreclosures is due to: (1) the inability of borrowers to afford their loan payments after the payments have recast in accordance with the notes, (2) the inability of borrowers to sell their homes in the current real estate market, and (3) the inability of borrowers to refinance their loans due to tighter credit, more stringent underwriting standards by mortgage lenders and home values which may be less than the mortgage indebtedness.
 
In a press release dated September 25, 2008, the California Association of Realtors (“CAR”) reported that the median price of an existing home in the State of California fell 40.5% during August 2008 compared with the same period a year ago. However, due to increased affordability as a result of recent price declines, the rate of home sales has continued to increase for the last several months. According to CAR, the seasonally adjusted annualized sales rate of home sales in the State of California during August 2008 increased 56.7% compared to the same period a year ago. Additionally, the median number of days it took to sell a single family home was 47.3 days in August 2008 compared with 54.7 days (revised) for the same period  a year ago. Furthermore, the Unsold Inventory Index for existing, single family detached homes in August 2008 was 6.7 months, less than 10.6 months for the same period a year ago (the unsold inventory index indicates the number of months needed to deplete the supply of homes on the market at the current sales rate). According to William E. Brown, CAR President, “While this is encouraging news, we don’t expect to see a housing market recovery until prices stabilize and the number of distressed properties on the market declines.” He further stated that, “sales gains continue to be driven by the large share of deeply-discounted distressed sales in many parts of the state.”  Most economists agree that the single family real estate market will remain weak throughout 2009 and into 2010.
 
The Bank’s single family non-accrual loans (loans greater than 90 days delinquent or in foreclosure) decreased to $445.3 million as of September 30, 2008 from $491.7 million at June 30, 2008. This compares to $393.6 million at March 31, 2008, $179.7 million as of December 31, 2007 and $84.2 million as of September 30, 2007.
 
The Bank’s loans delinquent less than 90 days have stabilized in recent months. After having reached $273.3 million as of March 31, 2008, single family loans delinquent less than 90 days decreased to $212.1 million as of September 30, 2008, which was a slight increase from $207.7 million as of June 30, 2008. In comparison, single family loans delinquent less than 90 days were $236.7 million as of December 31, 2007 and $71.7 million as of September 30, 2007.
 
A contributing factor to the increase in foreclosures is the high volume of adjustable rate loans originated by mortgage lenders over the last few years that give borrowers the option of making less than a fully amortizing loan payment for initial periods ranging from one to five years. Borrowers who choose to make less than the fully amortizing loan payment experience high levels of negative amortization, which causes a large payment increase at the end of the initial period. Defaults may occur because, very often, the minimum required payment significantly increases when the payment adjusts to an amount that will fully amortize the loan. While the Bank did not originate sub prime loans, we did originate adjustable rate loans with lower payment options that allowed for negative amortization.
 
Because substantially all of our loans are collateralized by properties located in California, the Company continuously monitors the California real estate market and the sufficiency of the collateral supporting our real estate loan portfolio. The Company considers several factors when evaluating the underlying collateral of the real estate loan portfolio, including the property location, the date of loan origination, the original loan-to-value ratio, and the current loan-to-value ratio.
 

 
18

 
 
Lending Activities
 
The following table shows the components of our loan portfolio (including loans held for sale) by type at the dates indicated:
 

   
September 30,
2008
   
December 31,
2007
   
September 30,
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
REAL ESTATE LOANS:
                 
First trust deed residential loans
                 
One-to-four units
  $ 4,521,889     $ 4,652,876     $ 4,857,093  
Five or more units
    1,857,634       1,709,815       1,610,892  
Residential loans
    6,379,523       6,362,691       6,467,985  
                         
OTHER REAL ESTATE LOANS:
                       
Commercial and industrial
    149,901       159,052       157,460  
Second trust deeds
    2,021       2,159       2,273  
Other
    4,212       4,242       4,251  
Real estate loans
    6,535,657       6,528,144       6,631,969  
                         
 
NON-REAL ESTATE LOANS:
                       
Deposit accounts
    1,330       2,061       1,206  
Commercial business loans
    92,605       75,848       69,244  
Consumer loans
    32,139       33,136       34,475  
Loans receivable
    6,661,731       6,639,189       6,736,894  
                         
LESS:
                       
    General valuation allowances
    221,360       127,503       116,224  
    Valuation allowances for impaired loans
    42,732       555        
Deferred loan origination costs, net
    1,933       (7,083 )     (11,940 )
    Net loans receivable
  $ 6,395,706     $ 6,518,214     $ 6,632,610  
 

 
 
Loan originations increased by 79% during the first nine months of 2008 compared to the first nine months of 2007 due to higher originations of both single family and multi-family real estate loans. Current loan originations are fully-documented and contain no negative amortization provisions. Originations of multi-family mortgage loans increased due to the popularity of the Bank’s standard income property lending programs. Also, unlike the single family loans, the Bank’s multi-family loan portfolio performance has not exhibited any weakness. Therefore, the Bank grew multi-family and commercial mortgage loans to 36% of total loan originations during the first nine months of 2008 from 24% of total loan originations during the first nine months of 2007.
 

The following table summarizes total loan funding by type:

   
Nine months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Single family real estate
  $ 767,313     $ 518,027  
Single family loans purchased
    6,484        
Multi-family and commercial real estate
    450,763       171,447  
Other
    31,676       13,356  
Total
  $ 1,256,236     $ 702,830  


19

 
From time-to-time the Bank originates loans for other mortgage lenders. These loans are not funded by the Bank, but are brokered to another mortgage lender for a fee. Loan originations funded by other mortgage lenders totaled only $10.3 million during the first nine months of 2008 compared to $98.1 million for the first nine months of 2007. The fees received on brokered loans totaled $100 thousand during the first nine months of 2008 compared to $946 thousand for the same period in 2007. Brokered loans to other lenders decreased due to the Bank’s focus on originating loans for its own portfolio.

The following table summarizes single family loan funding by borrower documentation type for the periods indicated:

   
Nine months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Verified Income/Verified Asset
  $ 761,944     $ 146,983  
Stated Income/Verified Asset
    5,369       229,951  
Stated Income/Stated Asset
          69,392  
No Income/No Asset
          71,701  
Total
  $ 767,313     $ 518,027  

On Verified Income/Verified Asset loans (VIVA), the borrower includes information on his/her income and assets, which is then verified. Loans that allow for a reduced level of documentation at origination are an insignificant percentage of single family loans originated in our market areas. On Stated Income/Stated Assets (SISA) loans, the borrower includes information on his/her level of income and assets that is not subject to verification. On Stated Income/Verified Assets (SIVA) loans, the borrower includes information on his/her level of income and that information is not subject to verification, although information provided by the borrower on his/her assets is verified. For No Income/No Assets (NINA) loans, the borrower is not required to submit information on his/her level of income or assets. However, all single family loans, including NINA loans, require credit reports and appraisals. The Bank required higher credit scores, higher rates, and lower loan to values on NINA loans.
 
The Bank stopped originating NINA and SISA loans in 2007 and ceased originating SIVA loans in February 2008. All multi-family loans and other real estate loans have consistently required complete and customary documentation from the borrowers.
 
The creditworthiness of the borrower is based on the borrower’s credit score (“FICO”), prior credit use and repayment of credit, job history and stability. The average borrower FICO score and average loan-to-value ratio on single family loan originations were 754 and 65.9%, respectively, for the first nine months of 2008, compared to 715 and 73.6% for the first nine months of 2007.

At September 30, 2008, 73.5% of our loan portfolio was invested in adjustable rate products. Loans with interest rates that adjust monthly based on the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) Eleventh District Cost of Funds Index (“COFI”) comprised 29.8% of the loan portfolio. Loans with interest rates that adjust monthly based on the 3-Month Certificate of Deposit Index (“CODI”) comprised 27.6% of the loan portfolio. Loans with interest rates that adjust monthly based on the 12-month average U.S. Treasury Security rate (“12MAT”) comprised 13.9% of the loan portfolio. Loans with interest rates that adjust monthly based on the London Inter-Bank Offering Rate (“LIBOR”) and other indices comprised 2.2% of the loan portfolio.


20

 
The following table summarizes total loan fundings by type of index for the periods indicated:

   
Nine months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
CODI
  $     $ 4,275  
12MAT
    17,808       78,201  
COFI
    57,634       269,403  
Other
    37,611       21,549  
Hybrid and Fixed
    1,143,183       329,402  
                    Total
  $ 1,256,236     $ 702,830  

Only 9% of loan originations were adjustable rate products during the first nine months of 2008 compared to 53% of originations during the first nine months of 2007.

The following table shows the composition of our single family loan portfolio by borrower documentation type at the dates indicated:

Documentation Type:
 
September 30, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
September 30, 2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
                   
Verified Income/Verified Asset
  $ 1,717,687     $ 1,135,358     $ 1,104,439  
Stated Income/Verified Asset
    1,179,708       1,468,686       1,549,968  
Stated Income/Stated Asset
    1,205,543       1,506,627       1,629,330  
No Income/No Asset
    418,951       542,205       573,356  
    Total
  $ 4,521,889     $ 4,652,876     $ 4,857,093  

 
The following table shows the composition of our single family loan portfolio by borrower documentation type at the dates indicated with weighted average LTV Ratio and FICO Score at origination. Due to changes in the real estate market and in borrower creditworthiness, the average LTV and FICO score at origination are subject to change.

   
September 30, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
September 30, 2007
 
   
LTV Ratio
   
FICO Score
   
LTV Ratio
   
FICO Score
   
LTV Ratio
   
FICO Score
 
 
Verified Income/Verified Asset
    70.2 %     708       73.3 %     709       73.5 %     707  
 
Stated Income/Verified Asset
    73.9       711       74.0       715       74.0       715  
 
Stated Income/Stated Asset
    74.9       712       74.6       714       74.4       715  
 
No Income/No Asset
    70.7       726       70.8       728       70.4       729  
 
    Total Weighted Average
    72.4 %     712       73.6 %     715       73.6 %     715  



21



The following table shows the composition of our single family loan portfolio at the dates indicated by the
FICO score of the borrower at origination:

FICO Score at Origination:
   
September 30, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
September 30, 2007
 
           
(Dollars In thousands )
       
<620
    $ 24,606     $ 27,667     $ 28,973  
        620-659       352,102       431,307       451,158  
        660-719         1,927,844        2,162,687        2,257,252  
>720
      2,175,160       1,982,220       2,075,981  
Not Available
      42,177       48,995       43,729  
Total
    $ 4,521,889     $ 4,652,876     $ 4,857,093  

The following table shows the composition of our single family loan portfolio at the dates indicated by original loan-to-value ratio:

Original LTV Ratio:
   
September 30, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
September 30, 2007
 
           
(Dollars in thousands)
       
<65%
    $ 922,295     $ 817,580     $ 857,807  
        65-70%       539,725       505,320       533,522  
        70-75%       617,812       593,386       620,405  
        75-80%       2,161,945       2,348,772       2,428,641  
        80-85%       53,881       73,564       78,976  
        85-90%        182,318        262,719        283,094  
>90%
      43,913       51,535       54,648  
Total
    $ 4,521,889     $ 4,652,876     $ 4,857,093  

The following table shows the composition of our single family loan portfolio at September 30, 2008 by estimated current LTV ratio:

Current LTV Ratio
Price Adjusted   (1) :
   
Loan Balance
   
% of Portfolio
   
Average Current LTV Ratio
 
     
(Dollars in thousands)
             
<70%
    $ 1,090,710       24.1 %     51.7 %
        70 - 80%       851,199       18.8       76.3  
        80 - 90%       696,141       15.4       85.7  
        90 -100%       798,544       17.7       94.8  
        100-110%       674,134       14.9       104.3  
        110-120%       334,052       7.4       119.0  
Not in MSAs
      77,109       1.7       N/A  
Total
    $ 4,521,889       100.0 %     82.4 %

(1)  The current estimated loan to value ratio is based on Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (“OFHEO”) June 2008 data. The OFHEO housing price index provides a broad measure of the housing price movements by Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). In evaluating the potential for loan losses within the bank’s portfolio, the Bank considers both the fact that OFHEO data cannot reflect price movements for the most recent three months, and that individual areas within an MSA will perform worse than the average for the larger area. The Bank therefore also looks at sales data that is available by zip code, as well as the Bank’s experience with marketing foreclosed properties in estimating the loan loss allowance that is required.


22

 
The Bank generally requires that borrowers obtain private mortgage insurance on loans in excess of 80% of the appraised property value. Prior to April 2006, on certain loans originated for the portfolio, the Bank charged premium rates and/or fees in exchange for waiving the insurance requirement. Management believes that the additional rates and fees that the Bank received for these loans compensated for the additional risk associated with this type of loan. In certain of these cases when the Bank waived the insurance requirement, the Bank purchased private mortgage insurance with its own funds. At September 30, 2008, 68.3% of loans with mortgage insurance were insured by the Republic Mortgage Insurance Company (RMIC), and 30.5% were insured by the Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation (MGIC). Under certain mortgage insurance programs, the Bank continues to act as co-insurer and participates with the insurer in absorbing any future loss.

As of September 30, 2008, December 31, 2007 and September 30, 2007, loans with co-insurance totaled $133.3 million, $212.0 million, and $223.7 million, respectively. Loans with initial loan-to-value ratios greater than 80% with no private mortgage insurance totaled $146.8 million at September 30, 2008, $175.9 million at December 31, 2007, and $191.7 million at September 30, 2007.

The following table shows the composition of our single family loan portfolio by geographic distribution at the date indicated:

   
September 30, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
September 30, 2007
 
               
(Dollars in thousands)
             
Los Angeles County
  $ 1,224,568       27.1   $ 1,148,942       24.7 %   $ 1,166,069       24.0 %
Bay Area
    785,080       17.4       775,303       16.7       821,055       16.9  
Central California Coast
    612,533       13.5       592,547       12.7       635,300       13.1  
San Diego Area
    471,140       10.4       558,452       12.0       581,401       12.0  
Orange County
    478,161       10.6       428,667       9.2       446,986       9.2  
San Bernardino/ Riverside
    321,616       7.1       374,303       8.1       393,920       8.1  
San Joaquin Valley
    227,129       5.0       298,788       6.4       315,497       6.5  
Sacramento Valley
    222,163       4.9       275,313       5.9       287,877       5.9  
Other
    179,499       4.0       200,561       4.3       208,988       4.3  
   Total
  $ 4,521,889       100.0   $ 4,652,876       100.0 %   $ 4,857,093       100.0 %

The following table shows the composition of our single family loan portfolio by year of origination as of September 30, 2008 (dollars in thousands) :

2003 and Prior
  $ 317,558       7.0 %  
2004
    603,461       13.3    
2005
    1,554,599       34.4    
2006
    929,907       20.6    
2007
    355,388       7.9    
2008
    760,976       16.8    
    Total
  $ 4,521,889       100.0 %  

Substantially all adjustable single family loans originated prior 2008 in the Bank’s loan portfolio allow negative amortization when a scheduled monthly payment is not sufficient to pay the monthly interest accruing on the loan. Adjustable loans comprised 76.8% of the single family loan portfolio as of September 30, 2008. Negative amortization, which results when interest earned by the Bank is added to borrowers’ loan balances, was $289.6 million at September 30, 2008, $301.7 million at December 31, 2007 and $290.0 million at September 30, 2007. Negative amortization as a percentage of single family loans that have negative amortization in the Bank’s loan portfolio was 9.29% at September 30, 2008 compared to 7.68% at December 31, 2007 and 7.08% at September 30, 2007. Negative amortization decreased by $12.5 million during the first nine months of 2008 compared to an increase of $74.2 million during the first nine months of 2007. Negative amortization is decreasing due to loan payoffs, loan foreclosures, declines in the underlying indices on adjustable rate loans, and payment increases required under the terms of our adjustable rate loan notes. During the first nine months of 2008, hybrid loans with initial fixed interest rates comprised 91.0% of originations compared to 46.9% of originations during the same period in the prior year.


23

 
The portfolio of adjustable single family loans with a one-year fixed payment period totaled $2.4 billion at September 30, 2008, compared to $3.2 billion at December 31, 2007 and $3.4   billion at September 30, 2007. The portfolio of adjustable single family loans with a three-to-five year fixed payment period totaled $784.4 million at September 30, 2008 compared to $1.1 billion at December 31, 2007 and $1.2 billion at September 30, 2007.

The amount of negative amortization that may occur in the loan portfolio is uncertain and is influenced by a number of factors outside of our control, including changes in the underlying index, the amount, and timing of borrowers’ monthly payments, and unscheduled principal payments. If the applicable index were to increase and remain at relatively high levels, the amount of negative amortization occurring in the loan portfolio would be expected to trend higher, absent other mitigating factors such as increased prepayments or borrowers making monthly payments that meet or exceed the amount of interest then accruing on their mortgage loans. Similarly, if the index were to decline and remain at relatively low levels, the amount of negative amortization occurring in the loan portfolio would be expected to trend lower.

The “recast” of adjustable loans to a higher payment amount appears to have been a substantial factor in the higher delinquency levels experienced by the Bank during 2007 and the first nine months of 2008 because many borrowers appear to be unable to afford the higher payments. The percentage increase in the payment amount and the loan-to-value ratios are important considerations in the future collectability of the loans.

The following tables show the number and dollar amount of performing loans expected to recast by current estimated loan-to-value ratios for the periods indicated (updated for both current loan balance and current estimated market value):

     
2008
   
2009
   
Thereafter
 
Current LTV Ratio
Price Adjusted (1) :
   
Recast Balance
   
Number of Loans
   
Recast Balance
   
Number of Loans
   
Recast Balance
   
Number of Loans
 
     
(Dollars in thousands)
 
< 70%
    $ 23,842       65     $ 136,184       373     $ 188,388       492  
  70-80%       12,735       31       121,543       270       166,400       339  
  80-90%       6,518       13       109,552       237       270,860       513  
  90-100%       14,406       28       102,318       198       353,293       658  
  100-110%       16,502       31       83,399       166       288,785       542  
>110%
      5,474       13       24,931       60       131,006       292  
Grand total
    $ 79,477       181     $ 577,927       1,304     $ 1,398,732       2,836  
                                                     

(1)  The current estimated loan to value ratio is based on OFHEO June 2008 data. The OFHEO housing price index provides a broad measure of the housing price movements by Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). In evaluating the potential for loan losses within the Bank’s portfolio, the Bank considers both the fact that OFHEO data cannot reflect price movements for the most recent three months, and that individual areas within an MSA will perform worse than the average for the larger area. The Bank therefore also looks at sales data that is available by zip code, as well as the Bank’s experience with marketing foreclosed properties in estimating the loan loss allowance that is required.

The following tables show the number and dollar amount of loans expected to recast by projected payment increase for the periods indicated:

     
2008
   
2009
   
Thereafter
 
Projected Payment Increase
   
Recast Balance
   
Number of Loans
   
Recast Balance
   
Number of Loans
   
Recast Balance
   
Number of Loans
 
                 
(Dollars in thousands)
             
< 50%
    $ 7,110       21     $ 55,850       153     $ 232,871       494  
  50-100       52,789       115       313,360       687       698,206       1,403  
  100-125       15,154       36       92,388       213       169,124       331  
  125-150       4,424       9       64,770       156       124,126       259  
>150%
                      51,559       95       174,405       349  
Grand total
    $ 79,477       181     $ 577,927       1,304     $ 1,398,732       2,836  
                                                     



24


Loan Loss Allowances

Listed below is a summary of activity in the general valuation allowance and valuation allowance for impaired loans during the periods indicated.

   
 
General Valuation Allowance
   
Valuation Allowances
For
Impaired Loans
   
 
 
Total
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2007:
  $ 127,503     $ 555     $ 128,058  
Provision for loan losses
    306,180       44,620       350,800  
Yield adjustment on troubled debt restructurings (1)
          (2,434 )     (2,434 )
Charge-offs:
                       
Single family
    (207,060 )     (6,523 )     (213,583 )
Total charge-offs
    (207,060 )     (6,523 )     (213,583 )
Recoveries
    1,251             1,251  
Net charge-offs
    (205,809 )     (6,523 )     (212,332 )
Transfers
    (6,514 )     6,514        
Balance at September 30, 2008:
  $ 221,360     $ 42,732     $ 264,092  

 
(1)
The Bank establishes an impaired loan valuation allowance for the difference between the recorded investment of the original loan at the time of modification and the expected cash flows of the modified loan (discounted at the effective interest rate of the original loan during the modification period). The difference is recorded as a provision for loan losses during the current period and subsequently amortized over the expected life of the loan as an adjustment to the loan yield or as adjustment to the loan loss provision if the loan is prepaid.

   
 
General Valuation Allowance
   
Valuation Allowances
 For
 Impaired Loans
   
 
 
 
Total
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2006:
  $ 109,768     $     $ 109,768  
Provision for loan losses
    11,400             11,400  
Charge-offs:
                     
Single family
    (5,008 )           (5,008 )
Commercial loans
    (52 )           (52 )
Consumer loans
    (50 )           (50 )
Total charge-offs
    (5,110 )           (5,110 )
Recoveries
    166             166  
Net charge-offs
    (4,944 )           (4,944 )
Balance at September 30, 2007:
  $ 116,224     $     $ 116,224  

The Bank recorded total net loan charge-offs of $103.5 million and $212.3 million for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2008, respectively. This compares to net loan charge-offs of $3.2 million and $4.9 million for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2007, respectively. The allowance for loan losses totaled $264.1 million or 3.96% of gross loans outstanding at September 30, 2008. This compares with $116.2 million or 1.73% at September 30, 2007.
 
All of the charge-offs recorded during the first nine months of 2008 were for single family loans. The total valuation allowance associated with single family loans totaled $250.2 million or 5.53% of single family loans outstanding at September 30, 2008. This compares with $116.7 million or 2.58% at December 31, 2007, and $97.4 million or 2.01% at September 30, 2007.
 

 
25

 
Management is unable to predict future levels of loan loss provisions. Among other things, loan loss provisions are based on the level of loan charge-offs, foreclosure activity, other risks inherent in the loan portfolio, and the California economy.

Investment Securities

The mortgage-backed securities portfolio, classified as available-for-sale, was recorded at fair value as of September 30, 2008. An unrealized loss of $60 thousand, net of taxes, was reflected in stockholders’ equity as of September 30, 2008. This compares to a net unrealized gain of $34 thousand at December 31, 2007 and a net unrealized loss of $210 thousand at September 30, 2007.

The investment securities portfolio, classified as available-for-sale, was recorded at fair value as of September 30, 2008. An unrealized gain of $1.5 million, net of taxes, was reflected in stockholders' equity as of September 30, 2008. This compares to a net unrealized gains of $2.0 million and $565 thousand at December 31, 2007 and September 30, 2007, respectively.

Asset/Liability Management

Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and interest rates. Our market risk arises primarily from the interest rate risk inherent in our lending and liability funding activities.

Our interest rate spread typically decreases during periods of increasing interest rates. There is a three-month time lag before changes in COFI, and a two-month time lag before changes in 12MAT, CODI and LIBOR, can be implemented with respect to our adjustable rate loans. Therefore, during periods immediately following interest rate increases, our cost of funds tends to increase faster than the yield earned on our adjustable rate loan portfolio. The reverse is true during periods immediately following interest rate decreases.  
 
The one year GAP, the difference between rate-sensitive assets and liabilities repricing within one year or less, was a negative $709.8 million or 9.67% of total assets at September 30, 2008. In comparison, the one year GAP was a positive $119.3 million or 1.65% of total assets at December 31, 2007 and a positive $324.0 million or 4.40% of total assets at September 30, 2007. The change from a positive GAP at the end of the year to a negative GAP at September 30, 2008 was due to the fact that we increased our originations of loans with fixed interest rates for five years. These originations were partially matched with longer term deposits and FHLB advances. Generally, a negative GAP benefits a company during periods of decreasing interest rates (because liabilities reprice faster than assets). The reverse is true during periods of increasing interest rates.

Capital

Quantitative measures established by regulations to ensure capital adequacy require the Company to maintain minimum amounts and percentages of total capital to assets. The Company meets the standards necessary to be deemed “well–capitalized” under the applicable regulatory requirements.

The following table summarizes our actual capital and required capital at September 30, 2008:

   
Tangible Capital
   
Core Capital
   
Tier 1
Risk- based Capital
   
Risk-based Capital
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Actual Capital:
                       
Amount
  $ 613,647     $ 613,647     $ 613,647     $ 668,944  
Ratio
    8.38 %     8.38 %     14.56 %     15.87 %
FDICIA minimum required capital:
                               
Amount
  $ 109,833     $ 292,887     $     $ 337,229  
Ratio
    1.50 %     4.00 %           8.00 %
FDICIA “well-capitalized” required capital:
                               
Amount
  $     $ 366,109     $ 252,922     $ 421,537  
Ratio
          5.00 %     6.00 %     10.00 %


26

 
As of September 30, 2008, shares eligible for repurchase totaled 1,181,145 shares. No shares were repurchased during the first nine months of 2008. Any share repurchase would require a dividend from the Bank. A dividend from the Bank would require approval from the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS). During 2007, the Company repurchased 3,140,934 shares at an average price of $48.48 per share.

The Company had $150.0 million in unsecured fixed/floating rate senior debentures as of September 30, 2008. The first $50.0 million transaction was completed in June 2005, is due in 2015 with a fixed rate of 5.65% for the first five years and is adjustable afterwards based on a rate of 1.55% over the three-month LIBOR. The second $50.0 million transaction was completed in December 2005, is due in 2016 with a fixed rate of 6.23% for the first five years and is adjustable afterwards based on a rate of 1.55% over the three-month LIBOR. The third $50.0 million transaction was completed in April 2007, is due in 2017 with a fixed rate of 6.585% for the first five years and is adjustable afterwards based on a rate of 1.60% over the three-month LIBOR. All  debentures are redeemable at par after the first five years.

Negative covenants contained in the indentures governing the terms of these debentures generally prohibit us from selling or otherwise disposing of shares of voting stock of the Company or permitting liens on the Company’s stock other than certain permitted liens. The indentures also impose certain affirmative covenants on the Company, none of which is believed to have a material adverse effect on our ability to operate our business.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

The Company reported a consolidated net loss of $51.6 million or $3.77 per diluted share of common stock during the third quarter of 2008, compared to consolidated net income of $23.0 million or $1.57 per diluted share of common stock during the third quarter of 2007.

The third quarter loss resulted primarily from a $110.3 million provision for loan losses due to continued delinquencies and charge-offs on single family loans and declines in the value of single family loan collateral throughout California. In comparison, the provision for loan losses was $4.5 million during the third quarter of 2007.

The Company reported a consolidated net loss of $156.9 million or $11.48 per diluted share of common stock during the first nine months of 2008, compared to consolidated net income of $84.5 million or $5.25 per diluted share of common stock during the first nine months of 2007.

The loss during the first nine months of 2008 resulted primarily from a $350.8 million provision for loan losses due to increased delinquencies and charge-offs on single family loans and declines in the value of single family loan collateral throughout California. In comparison, the provision for loan losses was $11.4 million during the first nine months of 2007. Also, net interest income decreased 32% during the first nine months of 2008 compared to the first nine months of 2007.

Net Interest Income

Net interest income decreased by $16.4 million or 26% to $45.8 million for the third quarter of 2008 from $62.2 million for the third quarter of 2007 due to a 4.2% decrease in average interest-earning assets during the third quarter of 2008 compared to the third quarter of 2007. The interest rate spread decreased by 54 basis points to 2.54% during the third quarter of 2008 from 3.08% during the third quarter of 2007 due to an increase in non-accrual loans which lessened the loan yield by 82 basis points during the third quarter of 2008. Also, early payoff fees and late charges on loans, which are calculated as part of the loan yield, decreased to $699 thousand for the third quarter of 2008 from $3.7 million during the third quarter of 2007. An increasing number of the loans in our portfolio have passed the period for which there is a prepayment penalty.

Net interest income decreased by 32% to $139.8 million for first nine months of 2008 from $207.1 million for the first nine months of 2007 due to a 13% decrease in average interest-earning assets during the first nine months of 2008 compared to the first nine months of 2007. The interest rate spread decreased by 59 basis points during the first nine months of 2008 from 3.11% during the first nine months of 2007. The decrease was caused by an increase in non-accrual loans which lessened the loan yield by 90 basis points during the first nine months of 2008. Also, early payoff fees and late charges on loans, which are calculated as part of the loan yield, decreased to $3.6 million for the first nine months of 2008 from $16.6 million during the first nine months of 2007. An increasing number of our loans have passed the period for which there is a prepayment penalty.

 
27

 
The following table sets forth: (i) the average daily dollar amounts of and average yields earned on loans and investment securities, (ii) the average daily dollar amounts of and average rates paid on savings deposits and borrowings, (iii) the average daily dollar differences, (iv) the interest rate spreads, and (v) the effective net spreads for the periods indicated:

   
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Average loans (1)
  $ 6,390,301     $ 7,459,006  
Average investment securities
    511,412       477,189  
Average interest-earning assets
    6,901,713       7,936,195  
Average savings deposits
    4,084,812       5,010,165  
Average borrowings
    2,454,768       2,303,286  
Average interest-bearing liabilities
    6,539,580       7,313,451  
Excess of interest-earning assets over  interest-bearing liabilities
  $ 362,133     $ 622,744  
                 
Yields earned on average interest-earning assets
    6.13 %     7.82 %
Rates paid on average interest-bearing liabilities
    3.61       4.71  
Interest rate spread
    2.52       3.11  
Effective net spread (2)
    2.70       3.48  
                 
Interest on loans
  $ 297,807     $ 445,923  
Interest and dividends on investments
    19,297       19,643  
  Total interest income
    317,104       465,566  
Interest on deposits
    105,738       165,724  
Interest on borrowings
    71,541       92,753  
  Total interest expense
    177,279       258,477  
Net interest income
  $ 139,825     $ 207,089  

(1) 
  Non-accrual loans are included in the average dollar amount of loans outstanding; however, there was no income included for the period in which loans were on
    
 non-accrual status.

(2) 
  The effective net spread is a fraction, the numerator of which is net interest income and the denominator of which is the average  amount of interest-earning assets.

Non-Interest Income and Expense

Non-interest income increased to $8.5 million during the third quarter of 2008 from $1.5 million during the third quarter of 2007. The increase was primarily due to larger net gains on the sale of foreclosed real estate and additional income from investment services and trustee services offered by the Bank’s subsidiaries.

Non-interest income increased to $21.2 million during the first nine months of 2008 from $11.7 million during the first nine months of 2007. The increase during the first nine months was primarily due to larger net gains on the sale of foreclosed real estate, offset by a lower gain on the sale of loans. Additional income was also recognized from investment services and trustee services offered by the Bank’s subsidiaries.


28

 
Net gain (loss) on real estate owned is comprised of the following items for the periods indicated:

   
Three months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
  Gain on sale of REO
  $ 12,342     $ 111  
  Loss on sale of REO
    (1,518 )     (60 )
  Write downs on REO
    (6,654 )     (1,676 )
    $ 4,170     $ (1,625 )
                 
   
Nine months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
  Gain on sale of REO
  $ 22,348     $ 213  
  Loss on sale of REO
    (1,819 )     (242 )
  Write downs on REO
    (13,172 )     (1,785 )
    $ 7,357     $ (1,814 )
                 


Non-interest expense increased to $23.2 million for the third quarter of 2008 from $19.1 million for the third quarter of 2007. The increase was primarily due to higher expenses on foreclosed assets which increased to $4.3 million during the third quarter of 2008 from $369 thousand during the third quarter of 2007. Also, third quarter expenses increased due to higher FDIC insurance premiums compared to the prior year and increased legal cost due to the reversal of an accrued legal expense during the third quarter of 2007 as a result of the favorable outcome of a pending legal matter. The ratio of non-interest expense to average total assets increased to 1.28% during the third quarter of 2008 from 1.02% during the third quarter of 2007 due to the increased expenses mentioned above and a decrease in average total assets compared to the third quarter of 2007.

Non-interest expense increased to $70.4 million for the first nine months of 2008 from $60.9 million for the first nine months of 2007. The increase was primarily due to increased holding costs on foreclosed real estate, increased federal deposit insurance costs, increased legal costs, increased occupancy costs due to the opening of new branches and a $1.1 million lease write-off related expenses associated with the early abandonment of our former corporate headquarters during the first quarter of 2008. Foreclosed asset expense increased to $8.5 million during the first nine months of 2008 from $731 thousand during the first nine months of 2007. The ratio of non-interest expense to average total assets increased to 1.30% during the first nine months of 2008 from 0.99% during the first nine months of 2007 due to the increased expenses mentioned above and a decrease in average total assets compared to the first nine months of 2007.


29

 
The following items are included in real estate owned operations for the periods indicated:

   
Three months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
  Single family expense
  $ (4,306 )   $ (370 )
  Single family income
    29       1  
    $ (4,277 )   $ (369 )

   
Nine months ended
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
  Single family expense
  $ (8,602 )   $ (732 )
  Single family income
    61       1  
    $ (8,541 )   $ (731 )


Non-accrual, Past Due, Modified and Restructured Loans

The Bank establishes allowances for delinquent interest equal to the amount of accrued interest on all loans 90 days or more past due or in foreclosure. This practice effectively places such loans on non-accrual status for financial reporting purposes. Loans requiring delinquent interest allowances (non-accrual loans) totaled $446.2 million at September 30, 2008, compared to $180.4 million at December 31, 2007 and $84.2 million at September 30, 2007. Delinquent interest allowances for loans in foreclosure and delinquent greater than 90 days increased to $22.1 million at September 30, 2008 compared to $7.8 million at December 31, 2007 and $3.6 million at September 30, 2007.

Many loans became delinquent because borrowers chose to make less than a fully amortizing payment on “payment option” adjustable rate mortgages. This caused the loans to experience very large amounts of negative amortization which in turn contributed to a large payment adjustment at the end of the initial term. Also, if the negative amortization became so large that it caused the loan to reach its lifetime negative amortization cap, the loan was required to be re-amortized over its remaining loan term before the end of its initial term. As a result, many borrowers found their adjusted loan payments difficult to afford because their adjusted payments may have been significantly higher than their initial loan payment. Further, due to the weak single family real estate market and the tighter credit standards required by mortgage lenders, many borrowers found that they could not sell or refinance their home to remedy their situation.
 
The Bank’s non-performing loans have stabilized in recent months. After having reached $273.3 million as of March 31, 2008, single family loans delinquent less than 90 days decreased to $207.7 million as of June 30, 2008 and $212.1 million as of September 30, 2008. In comparison, single family loans delinquent less than 90 days were $236.7 million as of December 31, 2007 and $71.7 million as of September 30, 2007.
 
The Bank has a program to reach out to borrowers faced with loan recasts to encourage them to modify their loans before the recast date. At September 30, 2008, 1,174 loans with principal balances totaling $559.0 million had been modified. Of these modified loans, 1,139 loans with principal balances totaling $542.8 million are considered troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) and are included in impaired loans. Valuation allowances on these loans totaled $42.7 million. Another $16.2 million in loans were modified as of September 30, 2008 but were not considered TDRs, and therefore had no valuation allowances. Loans on accrual status prior to modification which continue to make regular payments are considered performing loans. Loans on non-accrual status prior to modification remain on non-accrual status after modification. If the borrower makes regular payments for 6 months, the loan is returned to performing status.
 
Modified loans are not considered TDRs when the loan terms are consistent with the Bank’s current product offerings and the borrowers meet the Bank’s current underwriting standards with regard to FICO score, debt-to-income ratio, and loan-to-value ratio. At September 30, 2007, the Bank had $1.1 million in modified loans.
 
30

 
The Bank considers a loan impaired when management believes that it is probable that the Bank will not be able to collect all amounts due under the contractual terms of   the loan agreement. Estimated impairment losses are recorded as separate valuation allowances and may be subsequently adjusted based upon changes in the measurement of impairment. Impaired loans, net of valuation allowances, include non-accrual major loans (commercial business loans with an outstanding principal amount greater than or equal to $500 thousand, single family loans greater than or equal to $1.0 million, and income property loans with an outstanding principal amount greater than or equal to $1.5 million), modified loans, and major loans less than 90 days delinquent in which full payment of principal and interest is not expected to be received.

The following is a summary of impaired loans, net of valuation allowances for impairment, at the dates indicated:

   
September 30, 2008
   
December 31,
2007
   
September 30,
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Restructured loans
  $ 500,139     $ 1,799     $  
Non-accrual loans
    30,670       20,112       11,907  
Other impaired loans
          1,625       4,478  
    $ 530,809     $ 23,536     $ 16,385  

When a loan is considered impaired, the Bank measures impairment based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate. However, if the loan is "collateral-dependent" or foreclosure is probable, impairment is measured based on the fair value of the collateral. When the measure of an impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the Bank records an impairment allowance equal to the excess of our recorded investment in the loan over its measured value.

The following is a summary of information pertaining to impaired loans at the dates indicated:

   
September 30,
2008
   
December 31,
 2007
   
September 30,
 2007
 
 
 (Dollars in thousands)
 
Impaired loans without valuation allowances
  $ 31,027     $ 16,606     $ 16,385  
Impaired loans with valuation allowances
    542,514       7,485        
Valuation allowances related to impaired loans
    (42,732 )     (555 )      


   
Nine months ended
 
   
September 30,
2008
   
September 30,
 2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Average investment in impaired loans
  $ 465,047     $ 15,164  
Interest recognized on impaired loans
    5,719       258  
Interest recognized on impaired loans using the cash basis
    3,365       213  


31

 
Asset Quality

The following table sets forth certain asset quality ratios at the dates indicated:

   
September 30,
2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
September 30,
2007
 
Non-performing loans to gross loans receivable (1)
    6.70 %     2.72 %     1.25 %
Non-performing assets to total assets (2)
    7.87     2.79     1.40
Loan loss allowances to non-performing loans (3)
    59     71     138
Loan loss allowances to gross loans receivable
    3.96     1.93     1.73

(1)
Loans receivable are before deducting unrealized loan fees (costs), general valuation allowance and valuation allowances for impaired loans.
(2)
Non-performing assets are net of valuation allowances related to those assets and include both loans and real estate acquired by foreclosure.
(3)
Loan loss allowances include the general valuation allowance and valuation allowances for impaired loans.

Non-performing Assets

The Bank defines non-performing assets as non-accrual loans (loans delinquent over 90 days or in foreclosure) and real estate acquired by foreclosure (REO). The following is an analysis of non-performing assets at the dates indicated:

   
September 30,
2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
September 30,
2007
 
   
 (Dollars in thousands)
 
Non-accrual loans :
                 
Single family
  $ 445,246     $ 179,679     $ 82,970  
Multi-family and commercial
    940             1,245  
Other
          734       3  
Total non-accrual loans
    446,186       180,413       84,218  
                         
Real estate owned
    132,957       21,090       18,728  
  Total non-performing assets
  $ 579,143     $ 201,503     $ 102,946  

The Bank has experienced an increase in non-performing assets primarily due to defaults on single family loans. Single family real estate owned and non-accrual loans have continued to increase during the first nine months of 2008 due to the downturn in the California real estate market and higher payment requirements on adjustable rate loans that reached their maximum allowed negative amortization. Because real estate prices in California have decreased substantially over the past few quarters, delinquent borrowers are no longer able to sell their homes for sufficient amounts to repay their mortgages. Also, some borrowers have taken out second trust deeds with other lenders since their loan was originated. This makes it more likely that the total encumbrances on their property will exceed its value.

Single family loan delinquencies are likely to continue during the rest of 2008 and 2009. The Bank forecasts that another 181 loans with principal balances totaling $79.5 million will recast during the remainder of 2008 and that another 1,304 loans with principal balances totaling $577.9 million will recast during 2009.

 
 
 
32

 
The following table shows activity in real estate owned during the periods indicated:

   
Nine months ended
 
   
September 30, 2008
   
September 30,
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Beginning Balance
  $ 21,090     $ 1,094  
Acquisitions
    250,705       22,297  
Write-downs
    (13,172 )     (1,785 )
Sales of REO
    (125,666 )     (2,878 )
Ending Balance
  $ 132,957     $ 18,728
 
Sources of Funds

External sources of funds include savings deposits from several sources, advances from the FHLB of San Francisco, and securitized borrowings.

Savings deposits are accepted from retail banking offices, national deposit brokers, telemarketing sources and the internet. As the cost of each source of funds fluctuates from time to time, based on market rates of interest offered by us and other depository institutions, the Bank selects funds from the lowest cost source until the relative costs change. We do not deem our use of any specific source of funds to have a material impact on our operations because the cost of funds and operating margins associated with all of the sources are comparable.

Total retail and commercial deposits at branch offices decreased by $236.4 million during the third quarter of 2008, and decreased by $175.8 million during the first nine months of 2008. This brought total retail and commercial deposits to 68% of deposits at September 30, 2008 compared to 70% at September 30, 2007. The Bank is actively seeking to expand its retail sources of deposits through the establishment of additional branch offices. One new retail branch office was opened during the third quarter of 2008 in addition to the three branches that opened during the second quarter of 2008 and the one branch opened during the first quarter of 2008. One additional retail branch is expected to open later in 2008.

Telemarketing deposits decreased by $32.1 million and $71.2 million during the third quarter and the first nine months of 2008. These are normally large deposits from pension plans, managed trusts, and other financial institutions. The level of these deposits fluctuates based on the attractiveness of our rates compared to returns available to investors on alternative investments. Telemarketing deposits comprised 2% of total deposits at both September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007.

The Bank also accepts internet deposits by posting our rates on internet rate boards. Internet deposits increased by $757 thousand during the third quarter of 2008, but decreased by $3.1 million during the first nine months of 2008. Internet deposits comprised 1% of total deposits at both September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007.

Brokered deposits increased by $745.8 million and $422.3 million during the third quarter and the first nine months of 2008. As a result, brokered deposits increased to 29% of total deposits at September 30, 2008 from 26% at September 30, 2007. The Bank may solicit brokered funds without special regulatory approval because the Bank has sufficient capital to be deemed “well-capitalized” under the standards established by the OTS.

Total borrowings decreased by $256.0 million during the third quarter of 2008 due to a $370.0 million decrease in borrowings under reverse repurchase agreements and a $114.0 million increase in FHLB advances. Total borrowings increased by $109.0 million during the first nine months of 2008 due primarily to a net increase of $229.0 million in FHLB advances and a $120.0 million decrease in borrowings under reverse repurchase agreements. The Bank's credit availability with the FHLB allows the Bank to borrow up to 45% of total assets as computed for regulatory purposes. At September 30, 2008, the Bank's unused borrowing capacity at the FHLB was $626.7 million.

Internal sources of funds include amortized principal payments that can vary based upon the borrower’s option to adjust their loan payment amounts, as well as prepayments. The level of prepayment activity fluctuates based upon the availability of loans with lower interest rates and lower monthly payments. Since many lenders have tightened their credit standards during 2008 making it more difficult for borrowers to refinance their homes, prepayments have decreased.. Loan prepayments and principal reductions totaled $160.7 million and $780.8 during the third quarter and the first nine months of 2008, compared to $529.3 million and $2.1 billion during the third quarter and the first nine months of 2007. Proceeds from the sale of loans to other financial institutions are another internal source of funds. However, the Bank sold only a few loans during the first nine months of 2008 due to the unfavorable secondary market conditions that started in the second quarter of 2007. Since that time, the Bank has been focusing on originating loans for its own portfolio.
 
 
33

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Income- Asset/Liability Management” on page 26 hereof for quantitative and qualitative Disclosures about market risk.
 
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under SEC rules, the Company is required to maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Within the 90-day period prior to the filing date of this report, the Company carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, supervised and participated in the evaluation. Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of the evaluation date, our disclosure controls and procedures the were effective in alerting management to material information that may be required to be included in our public filings. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any such controls and procedures can provide only reasonable assurance as to the control objectives. Management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of such controls and procedures.

Changes in Internal Controls

There were no significant changes in our internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date of their evaluation.

 
34

 

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION


Item 6. Exhibits
 
(3(i))
Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999 and incorporated by reference.
(3(ii))
Amended and Restated Bylaws filed as Exhibit 3(ii) to Form 8-K filed June 27, 2008 and incorporated by reference.
(4.1)
Second Amended and Restated Rights Agreement dated as of October 23, 2008, filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-A/A, dated October 28, 2008 and incorporated
by reference.
(10.1)
Amended and Restated Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan dated October 23, 2008 filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed October 28, 2008
and incorporated by reference.
(10.2)
Change of Control Agreement effective September 26, 1996 filed as Exhibit 10.4 to Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended September 30, 1996 and Amendment filed
as Exhibit 10.3 and 10.4 for change of control to Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2001 and incorporated by reference.
(10.3)
Non-employee Directors Stock Incentive Plan filed as Exhibit 1 to Form S-8 dated August 12, 1997 and Amendment filed as Exhibit 10.5 to Form 10-Q for the
Quarter ended June 30, 2001, and incorporated by reference.
(10.4)
2007 Non-employee Directors Restricted Stock Plan filed as Appendix A to Schedule 14A, Proxy Statement for the Annual Stockholders’ Meeting held on
April 26, 2006 and incorporated by reference.
(31.1)*
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(31.2)*
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(32.1)**
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(32.2)**
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Filed herewith
**
Furnished herewith

 
 

 











 

 
35

 
SIGNATURES
 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.



 
FIRSTFED FINANCIAL CORP. 
Registrant
 

 
 
Date: November 10, 2008  
  By:  /s/ Douglas J. Goddard    
               Douglas J. Goddard
               Chief Financial Officer and
               Executive Vice President

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 
36

 
 
Exhibit 31.1
 
 
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
 
 
I, Babette E. Heimbuch, certify that:
 
(1)  I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of FirstFed Financial Corp.; 
 
(2)
Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report;
 
(3)
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report;
 
(4) 
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
 
(i) 
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material  information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which  this quarterly report is being prepared; and
 
(ii) 
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide  reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted  accounting principles; and
 
(iii) 
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure  controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
(iv) 
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter that has materially  affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
 
(5)
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors:
 
(i) 
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
 (ii) 
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
 
(6)
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have indicated in this quarterly report whether or not there were significant changes in internal control over financial reporting or in other factors that could significantly affect internal control over financial reporting subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.
 
 
Dated this 10th day of November, 2008
  By:  /s/ Babette E. Heimbuch  
               Babette E. Heimbuch  
               Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
37

 

Exhibit 31.2

 
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
 
 
I, Douglas J. Goddard, certify that:
 
(1)  I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of FirstFed Financial Corp.; 
 
(2)
Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report;
 
(3)
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report;
 
(4) 
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
 
 
(i) 
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material  information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which  this quarterly report is being prepared; and
 
 
(ii) 
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide  reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted  accounting principles; and
 
 
(iii) 
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure  controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
 
(iv) 
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter that has materially  affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
 
(5)
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors:
 
(i) 
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
 (ii) 
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
 
(6)
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have indicated in this quarterly report whether or not there were significant changes in internal control over financial reporting or in other factors that could significantly affect internal control over financial reporting subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.
 
 
Dated this 10th day of November, 2008
  By:  /s/ Douglas J. Goddard
               Douglas J. Goddard  
               Chief Financial Officer


 
38

 
Exhibit 32.1

 
CEO CERTIFICATION
 

The undersigned, as Chief Executive Officer hereby certifies, to the best of her knowledge and belief, that:

 
(1)
the Form 10-Q of FirstFed Financial Corp. (the "Company") for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008 (the "Report ") accompanying this certification fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)); and

 
(2)
the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company for such period.


 
  FIRSTFED FINANCIAL CORP.  
  Registrant 
 
 

Date: November 10, 2008  
 
  By:  /s/ Babette E. Heimbuch  
               Babette E. Heimbuch  
               Chief Executive Officer 
 


This certification is made solely for purposes of complying with the provisions of Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and is not
being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company,
whether made before or after the date of hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language into such filing.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
39

 
Exhibit 32.2


 
CFO CERTIFICATION
 

The undersigned, as Chief Financial Officer hereby certifies, to the best of his knowledge and belief, that:

 
(1)
the Form 10-Q of FirstFed Financial Corp. (the "Company") for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008 (the "Report ") accompanying this certification fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)); and

 
(2)
the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company for such period.

 
  FIRSTFED FINANCIAL CORP.  
  Registrant 
 
 
 
 
Date: November 10, 2008  
  By:  /s/ Douglas J. Goddard   
                Douglas J. Goddard  
                Chief Financial Officer and 
                Executive Vice President 
 
 
 
This certification is made solely for purposes of complying with the provisions of Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company, whether made before or after the date of hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language into such filing.



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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