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LLIT Lianluo Smart Ltd

9.22
0.00 (0.00%)
22 Jul 2024 - Closed
Delayed by 15 minutes
Share Name Share Symbol Market Type
Lianluo Smart Ltd NASDAQ:LLIT NASDAQ Common Stock
  Price Change % Change Share Price Bid Price Offer Price High Price Low Price Open Price Shares Traded Last Trade
  0.00 0.00% 9.22 9.24 9.30 0 01:00:00

Annual Report (10-k)

18/03/2013 8:33pm

Edgar (US Regulatory)


 

U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

 

 

FORM 10-K

 

þ Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012

 

¨ Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from             to             .

Commission File Number 001-34661

 

 

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

British Virgin Islands   Not Applicable

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. employer

identification number)

 

Room 501, Jiuzhou Plaza, 83 Fuxing Road

Haidian District, Beijing 100856

People’s Republic of China

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

+86 (10) 5166-0080

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Title of each class   Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares, par value $0.002731 per share   NASDAQ Capital Market

Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act: None.

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes   ¨     No    þ

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes   ¨     No   þ

 

Indicate by check mark whether the issuer (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the issuer was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   þ     No   ¨   

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.45 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes   þ     No   ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer   ¨   Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   ¨   (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)   Smaller reporting company   þ

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes   ¨     No   þ

 

The aggregate market value of the ordinary shares, $0.002731 par value per share (“Shares”), of the registrant held by non-affiliates on June 30, 2012 was $3,364,278.84, based on a closing price per share on that date of $1.66 and 2,026,674 shares held by non-affiliates.

 

The Company is authorized to issue 18,307,038 Shares. As of the date of this report, the Company has issued and outstanding 4,620,000 Shares.

 

 
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED

FORM 10-K

INDEX

 

PART I 1
Item 1.  Business. 1
Item 1A.  Risk Factors. 13
Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments. 13
Item 2.  Properties. 13
Item 3.  Legal Proceedings. 13
Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures. 13
PART II 14
Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. 14
Item 6.  Selected Financial Data. 15
Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. 15
Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk. 24
Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 24
Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. 24
Item 9A/9A(T).  Controls and Procedures. 24
Item 9B.  Other Information. 25
PART III 25
Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. 25
Item 11.  Executive Compensation. 29
Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. 30
Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. 30
Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services. 31
Item 15.  Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules. 32

 

 
 

 

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This annual report contains forward-looking statements that are based on our current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections about us and our industry. All statements other than statements of historical fact in this annual report are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements can be identified by words or phrases such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “believe,” “is/are likely to” or other similar expressions. The forward-looking statements included in this annual report relate to, among others:

 

our strategies and objectives;
our plan to launch new products and obtain new products’ certification in the future;
market acceptance of our products and homecare service;
our sales and distribution network and other aspects of our operations, including our sales and service offices, our research and development and manufacturing facilities;
relevant government policies, healthcare reform and regulations relating to the medical device and homecare service industry;
competition in the medical device industry in China and internationally, and the homecare service industry in China;
our future business development, financial condition and results of operations;
the effects global macroeconomic conditions and
general economic and business conditions in the places where our products are sold and our service are provided.

 

These forward-looking statements involve various risks, assumptions and uncertainties. Although we believe that our expectations expressed in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, our expectations may turn out to be incorrect. Our actual results could be materially different from our expectations. Important risks and factors that could cause our actual results to be materially different from our expectations are generally set forth in Item 1.A of this annual report, “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report.

 

The forward-looking statements made in this annual report relate only to events or information as of the date on which the statements are made in this annual report. All forward-looking statements included herein attributable to us or other parties or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section. Except to the extent required by applicable laws and regulations, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

 

Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which related only to events or information as of the date the statements are made in this annual report. Except to the extent required by applicable laws and regulations, the Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking information by press release, periodic report or other method of public disclosure to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

 

 
 

 

PART I

 

Item 1.  Business.

 

Company Overview

 

We are a company in the business of developing and distributing medical devices. We have been focusing on developing respiratory and oxygen homecare products in particular since 2006.

 

We distribute products designed and manufactured by other companies. We broaden our product portfolio through distribution agreements with international manufacturers, and most of the products we distribute are imported. Our distribution offerings are mostly equipment used in the operating room, the intensive care unit (“ICU”) and the emergency room.

 

Besides distributing medical devices, we also design, develop and market our own proprietary products and medical components. Because we do not run any manufacturing facilities, we contract some of the medical components to outside manufacturers in China. Most of our proprietary products require light assembly by us before distribution.

 

We sell our products primarily through distributors, but we also make direct sales to hospitals, clinics, government health bureaus, government organizations and individuals. We continue to further our market reach by introducing newer and more advanced product lines that address different end-user needs.

 

Recent Developments

 

In January 2012, the Company received Conformité Européenne (CE) certification for the sleep diagnostic devices and air compressors. The CE mark recognizes that the two products meet European Union (EU) health and safety standards and are approved for sale in the 27 member states of the EU and in the four members of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA).
In March 2012, the Company won a new bid to implement a government procurement project to provide imaging equipment for township hospitals in Xi’an, Shaanxi, China.
Also in March 2012, the Company obtained two software copyrights for the CPAP devices. The addition of these copyrights to our intellectual property portfolio reflects progress in our ongoing research and development efforts into the new generation of homecare CPAP devices.
In April 2012, the Company renewed its strategic cooperation agreement with Timesco of London Ltd. The agreement appoints Dehaier as the exclusive distributor for Timesco’s CXL and Eclipse series laryngoscope products in mainland China for three years.
In May 2012, the Company extended its exclusive distribution authorization with INTERMEDICAL (“IMD”), to distribute its RADIUS C-arm X-ray machines in mainland China. The extended term runs through 2014.
In June 2012, the Company entered a three-year strategic mutual cooperation agreement with HEYER Medical AG (“Heyer”). According to this agreement, the Company will continue to be one of the key Chinese distributors for Heyer’s anesthesia machines and the exclusive distributor of its nebulizers in China.
Also in June 2012, the Company co-developed a “High-Efficiency Oxygen Inhaler” with Dr. Ding Jianzhang of Beijing Haidian Hospital. This inhaler is expected to begin selling in mainland China in the third quarter of 2012. The portable device is designed for use in homecare oxygen therapy, emergency treatment, disaster relief activities and high-altitude settings.
In July 2012, the Company received approval from China’s State Food and Drug Administration (“SFDA”) for its proprietary homecare medical CPAP device, the DHR-CPAP-C5. The certificate is valid until July 1, 2016 (subject to renewal) and allows us to sell the product in mainland China.
Also between April and June 2012, the Company obtained software copyrights from China’s National Copyright Administration for four of its proprietary technologies, including (1) Analysis and Monitoring Software of Adsorption Tower Oxygen Generation Process, (2) Dehaier Homecare CPAP Controlling Software, (3) Ventilator of CPAP Controlling Software and (4) Air Compressor Controlling Software. These copyrights have been approved for 50 years from the grant date.
In September 2012, the Company won a 3-year procurement agreement for its proprietary air compressors and customized trolleys from a major medical equipment manufacturer in Ukraine.
In September 2012, the Company entered into a two-year distribution agreement with GCE group, a leading global compressed gas-equipment company, to become the exclusive distributor for GCE's EASE II product in Mainland China. The newly-distributed product can be widely used in many fields including disaster relief efforts, national defense, emergency rooms, ambulances, and medical institutions.
In September 2012, the Company signed three medical equipment procurement agreements with Beijing's Hospitals 304 and 307, two of China's most well-known first-tier hospitals, and with Beijing Kanglian Medicines Co. for the China Development Bank Rural Medical and Health Construction Project.

 

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In September 2012, the Company obtained Megapixels software copyrights for its DHR C-Arm X Ray Machine. The upgraded technology can produce optimized images with minimal user involvement through its advanced imaging technology.
In October 2012, the Company won a government procurement contract with Xinjiang Province to distribute medical equipments to Hospitals in Xinjiang. The contract will be implemented by the end of 2012.
In October 2012, the Company renewed its status of National High Technology Enterprises and received government subsidies of RMB118,100 for short-term bank loan interest, as a result of favorable treatment granted to High Technology Enterprises.
In December 2012, the Company was awarded a credit of A- from Beijing Zhongguancun Enterprises Credit Promotion Association, as a result of its improved performance of competitiveness in the industry, relatively strong enterprise system, sustainable business model and low credit risk.
In December 2012, the Company signed a medical equipment procurement agreement with Hebei province for the China Development Bank Rural Medical and Health Construction Project.
In December 2012, the Company presented its newly-developed Efficient Oxygen Supplement System ("EOS System") at the 2012 Military Surgical Symposium, held in Tianjin from November 30 to December 2, 2012. The symposium featured with highest level of forward-looking medical concepts & theories and best practice.

 

Our Products

 

Our proprietary and distributed products include two major categories: (i) medical devices (including supporting products) and (ii) sleep respiratory and oxygen therapy products (previously defined as respiratory and oxygen homecare products). Our medical devices proprietary and distributed products are mainly used in hospitals and clinics, while the sleep respiratory and oxygen therapy products are mainly for hospitals, sleep centers, at-home use by individual, emergency center, national defense and national disaster relief circumstances.

 

Our Proprietary Products

 

Our management believes that our proprietary products, which are generally less expensive than products from foreign companies, tend to be more attractive to smaller city and rural hospitals and healthcare facilities and other end-users for whom price is a significant factor in deciding whether to purchase our products. Our proprietary products include medical devices and related supporting/technical service products, and sleep respiratory and oxygen therapy products.

 

Medical Devices (Including Related Supporting Products)

 

Mobile Medical X-Ray Image Devices.  We provide four types of DHR Explorer Series mobile and C-armed X-ray machines. X-ray is used for visualizing bone structures and other dense tissues such as tumors. These mobile and C-armed X-ray machines provide added convenience for use in hospitals and clinics. Our C-arm series of X-ray systems are suitable for ortho reduction and fixation procedures, intervertebral disc imaging and treatment, spinal operation, uterine and oviduct imaging, bladder and ureter imaging and gastric imaging.

 

Anesthesia Machines . We provide two types of DHR ORSA Series anesthesia machines. These machines are used by anesthesiologists to support the administration of anesthesia. These machines administer a precise and continuous supply of anesthetic gases and vapors to the patient at accurate and safe levels of pressure and flow. These machines maintain a continuous, closed-loop control over the pressure of gas within a patient’s mouth or respiratory according to the selected pressure input. In addition, these machines feature a modular design for mobility and ease of maintenance, cleaning and disinfection.

 

Ventilator Air Compressor.  We provide two types of air compressors to support medical ventilators in surgery by supplying continuous airflow for the ventilator. Where a facility lacks a central pressured air supply system, our C250 and C280 air compressors provide a portable source of such pressured air. Our air compressors feature oil-less motors, large locking castors, high flow capacity, and spill-proof switches. We have designed our air compressors to be adaptable for use with any ventilator.

 

Trolleys for Ventilators.  We provide three types of trolleys to hold ventilators and their accessories for mobility. These trolleys can be fit with a monitor to further enhance the portability and utility.

 

Sterilizers for Ventilators.  We provide one type of sterilizer to treat the air from patients in order to control cross-contamination and infection in a facility in general and for subsequent ventilator patients in particular.

 

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Sleep Respiratory and Oxygen Therapy Products

 

Oxygen Concentrating Products . We provide two types of oxygen concentrator products, including, the DHR-3L/5L Oxi-Fairy and the DHR-3L/5L Oxi-Pioneer. These products use our patented advanced Pressure Swing Absorbing (“PSA”) technology to produce highly-concentrated, therapeutic-level oxygen (approximately 90% oxygen concentration) from air at normal temperatures. These products are used by patients with cardiovascular disease, respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and geriatric patients.

 

Sleep Apnea Treatment Products.  We have designed and expect to provide several products designed for obstructive sleep apnea (“OSA”) therapy. These products include our DHR CPAP C5, DHR Auto CPAP A8, and DHR Auto S-CPAP A9. Our DHR CPAP C5, Auto CPAP A8 and DHR S-CPAP A9 are in the process of obtaining SFDA approval and will not be available for sale until we receive such approval. While we expect to receive this approval within the first half of 2010, we cannot guarantee that we will obtain such SFDA approval in this timeframe or all. These products are all non-invasive therapy products that treat symptoms of sleep apnea. Our CPAP devices do not cure apnea but instead use air pressure to open customers’ airways to reduce snoring and apnea disturbances during sleep. Our automatic CPAP products provide air pressure at a customized, adjustable level, while our traditional CPAP products provide a constant level of air pressure.

 

Sleep Apnea Diagnostic Products.  We have designed and expect to provide two types of screening and diagnosis products are portable sleep respiratory recording devices that can be used in a healthcare facility or in a patient’s home to assist physicians in determining whether the patient has obstructive sleep apnea requiring use of a CPAP device. We have applied to SFDA for approval of our DHR 998 and DHR 999 diagnostic products, and they will not be available for sale until we receive such approval. While we expect to receive this approval within the first half of 2010, we cannot guarantee that we will obtain such SFDA approval in this timeframe or all.

 

Effective Oxygen Supplement System. We integrate an effective oxygen supplement system on the basis of newly-distributed oxygen valve and portable oxygen tanks. This enhanced system can be widely applied to particular circumstances including hospital, emergency treatment, disaster relief, national defense, homecare and homecare oxygen therapy service (“HOTS”).

 

Research and Development of Our Proprietary Products

 

Our success to date has in part resulted from our strong research and development capabilities, which allow us to regularly introduce new and more advanced products at competitive prices. We increased our annual investment in research and development activities as a percentage of net revenues every year since 2003. Research and development costs were $230,854 and $268,038 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Our research and development team consists of 27 engineers, representing more than one-tenth of our employees.

 

Our project selection goals focus on projects that we believe are commercially feasible, can generate significant revenue and can be introduced into the market in the near-term. While our research and development department may conduct research into areas that are likely to lead to short-, medium- and long-range business opportunities for our company, we focus our development of products on those solutions we believe are most likely to generate significant near-term revenues. Thus, we would generally devote more resources to a solution expected to have an immediate financial return (for example, a ventilator) than to a project with a potentially greater overall payoff that is more distant and tenuous (for example, an artificial lung).

 

Our management seeks feedback from our distribution network to learn about needs for future products and improvements to existing products that our research and development department can seek to address. Once we identify a product opportunity, our sales and service, research and development, and assembly teams work closely together to determine potential market demand for a product and how it fits with our current design and assembly capabilities. We organize regular meetings in which our sales and service, research and development and assembly teams review progress and, if necessary, adjust the emphasis of our research and development projects.

 

If we deem a new product to be commercially feasible, our research and development team will work closely with our assembly team to move assembly forward. This integrated approach allows us to identify potential difficulties in commercializing our proprietary product or product improvement. Furthermore, it enables us to make adjustments as necessary and develop cost-efficient assembly processes prior to distribution. We believe these abilities can significantly shorten the time it takes to launch a commercialized product. In the last three years, we have developed and brought to market 7 new products, which appeal to a wide range of end-users.

 

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We maintain a 5,400 square foot research and development center in our facility in Beijing, which allows us to compete for skilled research and development technicians and managers. In addition, we are enhancing our research and development ability by cooperating with the research institutes of two top ranking Universities in China: Beijing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics and Beijing University of Technology and Science.

 

Principal Suppliers – Our Proprietary Products

 

We us the following principal suppliers to manufacture the components in the products we develop and assemble:

 

Friend of Health (Chuzhou) Medical Technology Co., Ltd.
IMD Beijing Medical equipment Co, Ltd
China Medical Equipment Co. Ltd
C&D (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
China National Electronic Device Corp.

 

We believe the components provided by our suppliers are widely available and do not anticipate that we will be unable to obtain these components from other suppliers in the event our principal suppliers are unable or unwilling to supply us. We provide the technical specifications and files needed for our suppliers to manufacture components. We purchase the same components from a wide variety of suppliers.

 

We outsource the production of some of our oxygen concentrators and air compressors to Friend of Health under production agreements. We provide the technical specifications and files needed for Friend of Health to manufacture these proprietary products. We provide separately outsourced core parts to Friend of Health to incorporate into the components they assemble and distribute for us. We test and approve each part produced by Friend of Health before they begin mass production. We require Friend of Health to maintain minimum supplies of our proprietary products and components for use in our proprietary products, and we permit them to sell our proprietary products only in Chuzhou. Friend of Health delivers products to us on credit, and we are required to make payment within 45 days after the date of delivery. Friend of Health is the only supplier that also assembles and distributes finished proprietary products for us.

 

Assembly of Our Proprietary Products

 

After our research and development team designs the technical specifications and computer models for our proprietary products, we typically work with an independent contractor to fabricate working prototypes before we commence with the production run of a product. We test prototypes to confirm that they operate as expected and with the quality we require. During the prototyping process, we apply for SFDA approval as necessary. Once both of these processes are completed, we commission a production run of components for assembly into our proprietary products.

 

We depend on component and product manufacturing and logistical services provided by third parties. All of our proprietary products are manufactured in whole or in part by a variety of third-party manufacturers. While these arrangements may lower operating costs, they also reduce our direct control over production. It is uncertain what effect such diminished control will have on the quality or quantity of products or services, or on our flexibility to respond to changing conditions.

 

We maintain a 32,000 square foot product center in Changping Science Park in Beijing. This product center contains our research and development area and our assembly facilities. Final assembly of our products is currently performed in this facility by our 37 employees in assembly and by some of our external vendors, such as Friend of Health. Currently, the supply and manufacture of many critical components is performed by sole-sourced third-party vendors in China.

 

Proprietary Rights for Our Proprietary Products

 

We are developing a portfolio of intellectual property rights in China to protect the technologies, inventions and improvements that we believe are significant to our business in China. We have two practical patents issued in China for oxygen concentrators. We have five design patents related to our CPAP devices (2), portable sleep screening (2) and diagnostic services (1). In addition, we obtained 9 software copyrights to our C-arm X-Ray machine (1), CPAP machine (5), air compressor (1) and air concentrator (2). Moreover, we possess proprietary technology and know-how in assembly processes, design and engineering. We have not filed for any patent protection outside of China. To protect our brand name recognition, we have registered the brand name “Dehaier” for trademark protection in China.

 

Our success in the medical equipment industry depends in substantial part on effective management of both intellectual property assets and infringement risks. In particular, we must be able to protect our own intellectual property as well as minimize the risk that any of our proprietary products may infringe upon the intellectual property rights of others.

 

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We enter into agreements with all our employees involved in research and development, under which all intellectual property generated during their employment belongs to us, and they waive all relevant rights or claims to such intellectual property. All our employees involved in research and development are also bound by a confidentiality obligation and have agreed to disclose and assign to us all inventions conceived by them during their term of employment.

 

We believe that we have successfully established our brand in China. We have registered trademarks in China for the Dehaier name and logo used on our own-brand products. As part of our overall strategy to protect and enhance the value of our brand, we actively enforce our registered trademarks against any unauthorized use by a third party.

 

Our Distributed Products

 

Our management believes that our distributed products, which are generally more expensive than products from Chinese companies, tend to be more attractive to larger city hospitals and more affluent healthcare facilities and other end-users for whom perceived quality is a significant factor in deciding which products to purchase. While we believe that the quality of our proprietary products is also strong, we understand that some consumers in China associate more well-known international brands with higher quality than they associate with domestically produced brands.

 

We serve as a significant distributor in China for several foreign producers of medical devices and sleep respiratory and oxygen therapy products, including IMD, Timesco, HEYER, eVent and GCE. We believe this extensive platform allows us to be responsive to local market demand. We distribute medical devices and sleep respiratory and oxygen therapy products for these companies.

 

Medical Devices

 

Mobile Medical X-Ray Image Devices.  We provide two types of X-ray machines developed by other companies: the IMD Radius Series mobile and C-armed X-ray machine and the IMD Compact Series mobile-X-ray machine.
Medical Ventilators.  We provide one type of ventilator developed by another company: the Inspiration Ventilators from eVent. The Inspiration Series of medical ventilators mechanically move breathable air to and from the lungs to support breathing support for patients who are physically unable to breathe or who are breathing insufficiently.
Anesthesia Machines . We provide two types of anesthesia machines developed by other companies: the Nakomat and Modular models from HEYER. These machines are used by anesthesiologists to support the administration of anesthesia. These machines administer a precise and continuous supply of anesthetic gases and vapors to the patient at accurate and safe pressure and flow levels. These machines maintain a continuous, closed-loop control over the pressure of gas within a patient’s respiratory system according to the selected pressure input. In addition, these machines feature a modular design for mobility and ease of maintenance, cleaning and disinfection.
Ultrasonic Nebulizers. We provide one type of ultrasonic nebulizer developed by another company: the Cumulus model from HEYER. These devices are used to treat patients with respiratory disease such as asthma, bronchitis and pneumonia. The ultrasonic nebulizers convert low viscosity liquid drug into fine like particles so that the particles can reach to infectious area in the respiratory tract. Our distributed model, the Cumulus, is the only model in the market to effectively treat infection in the lower respiratory tract area.
Laryngoscopes . We provide three types of laryngoscopes developed by other companies: the Optima, Optima XL and Eclipse lines of laryngoscopes from Timesco. Laryngoscopes are flexible lighted tubes that are used to look at the inside of the larynx. Anesthesiologists make use of laryngoscopes to assist with intubation in surgery.

 

Sleep Respiratory and Oxygen Therapy Products

 

Oxygen Valve. We offer a high-flow oxygen device named EASE from Gas Control Equipment Corp. It can be connected with a portable oxygen tank or medical gas pipeline system to deliver high flows of oxygen to patients with minimal breathing resistance. In addition, it helps to deliver high-flow, minimal resistance oxygen to patients. This device effectively increases the degree of blood oxygen saturation and accelerates the recovery of cell functions when patients experience severe hypoxia.

 

Our Relationships with Suppliers of Our Distributed Products

 

While we develop, assemble, market and sell our proprietary products, we also serve as the distributor for a number of international companies looking to sell their brands of products in China. We are a distribution agent for some or all products marketed in China by IMD (Italy), Timesco (UK), HEYER (Germany), eVent (USA) and GCE (Sweden). In this capacity, we are responsible for sales, marketing and after-sale services of these products.

 

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We sign agency agreements with these international suppliers annually with the aim of settling marketing promotion modes, costs, product training and resolution of customer service issues. The agency agreements cover purchasing price, purchasing intervals, order quantity, transportation and type of payment, spare part supply and after-sale service terms. We negotiate renewal of these agency agreements as they expire to confirm ongoing distributor expectations.

 

We seek to enlarge the scope of products we are able to sell as agent for these companies and constantly try to identify competitive suppliers and products on the international market to assist them with marketing and selling their products in China.

 

Principal Suppliers – Our Distributed Products

 

In addition to the products we design, we distribute products designed and manufactured by the following companies:

 

IMD (Italy)
Timesco (UK)
HEYER (Germany)
eVent (USA)
GCE (Sweden)

 

The exact products from these suppliers are available only from such suppliers; however, we believe that we will be able to obtain similar products from other suppliers in the event our principal suppliers are unable or unwilling to supply us.

 

Our Service Centers

 

We maintain a 24-hour customer service center in Beijing for technical support and repair. We staff our customer service center with senior technical support engineers who provide preliminary support. Our engineers attempt to quickly diagnose and assist in repairing problems over the phone, or determine whether a service visit to the customer’s premises is necessary. In some instances, our engineers will provide on-site operating guidance and repair service. We periodically review customer calls to ensure that any issues raised by our customers are resolved to their satisfaction.

 

Customers

 

We have three categories of customers: (i) distributors, (ii) hospitals and government agencies and (iii) individual consumers to whom we sell directly. Our customer base is widely dispersed on both a geographic and revenues basis.

 

Our distributors.  Sales to our distributors make up the substantial majority of our revenues as over 90% of our sales are to distributors. Based on the expected use of products sold to distributors, we estimate that they sell approximately 60% of our products to hospitals, 20% to clinics and 10% to individuals. As a result, we estimate that approximately 67% of our products (on a revenue basis, rather than unit basis) are sold to hospitals, approximately 21% to clinics and approximately 12% to individuals. We have contractual distribution relationships with over 2,000 independent distributors. We do not own, employ or control these independent distributors.

 

Hospital and governmental agency customers.  Our hospital and governmental agency customers primarily include hospitals as well as provincial level public health bureaus and population and family planning bureaus. We also refer to these customers as our “Key Accounts.” These customers typically place large volume orders that are awarded based on bids submitted by competing medical equipment companies through a state-owned bidding agent.

 

Individual consumers.  We sell our home respiratory therapy products directly to consumers through our customer experience centers, or “CECs”, and plan to sell through third-party E-commerce platforms.

 

Dependence on Major Customers.  For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, approximately 13% of the Company’s revenues were received from each of two customers.

 

Concentration of Receivables At December 31, 2011, receivables from two customers were approximately 12% and 10%, respectively. No customer represented more than 10% of amounts receivable at December 31, 2012.

 

Dependence on Major Suppliers.  At December 31, 2012 and 2011, payables due to three suppliers were approximately 34%, 33%, 19% and 50%, 8%, 6%, respectively.

 

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Competition

 

The medical device industry is characterized by rapid product development, technological advances, intense competition and a strong emphasis on proprietary information. Across all product lines and product tiers, we face direct competition from both domestic and international competitors. We compete based on factors such as price, value, customer support, brand recognition, reputation, and product functionality, reliability and compatibility. Each of our proprietary products competes against functionally similar products from domestic and international companies.

 

Our competitors include publicly traded and privately held multinational companies, such as Respironics, Inc., ResMed Inc., and Covidien, as well as domestic Chinese companies such as Beijing Aoji, Beijing Ya’ao, Jiangsu Yuyue and Zhejiang Longfei. We believe that we can continue to compete successfully in China because our established domestic distribution network and customer support and service network allows us significantly better access to China’s small and medium-sized hospitals. In addition, our strong investment in research and development, coupled with our low-cost operating model, allows us to compete effectively for sales to large hospitals.

 

We believe our competitive position in China varies depending on the product in question. While we are a much smaller company overall than, for example, General Electric, Siemens or Philips and are unable to offer the range or depth of products each of those companies offers, we believe our market position is favorable in several segments. The following charts provide our marketing department’s estimations of our primary competitors by product, both as to our proprietary products and as to our distributed products:

 

Proprietary Product

 

Primary Competitors in China

 

Dehaier’s Estimated Competitive Position*

DHR Explorer Series C-armed X-ray machine   Nanjing Pulang, Beijing Wantong, Beijing Smart, Shenzhen Nanyun   Average
     
DHR ORSA Series anesthesia machines   Drugg, GE, Spacelab   Average
     
C250 and C280 air compressors   Beijing Yi’an, Guangdong Puling   Greater than average
     
Trolleys   An OEM business model, N/A   N/A
     
Sterilizers   An OEM business model, N/A   N/A
     
DHR oxygen concentrator   Beijing Aoji, Beijing Ya’ao, Jiangsu Yuyue and Zhejiang Longfei   Smaller than average
     
DHR CPAP C5   Foreign companies such as Respironics, ResMed, and Covidien   Not in market yet
     
DHR Homecare CPAP * DHR Homecare APAP * DHR Homecare S * DHR Homecare ST Foreign companies such as Respironics, ResMed, and Covidien Updated product line not in the market yet
     
DHR 998* and DHR 999* screening and diagnosis products   Foreign companies such as Respironics, ResMed, and Covidien   Greater than average

 

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Distributed Product

 

Primary Competitors in China

 

Dehaier’s Estimated Competitive Position

IMD C-armed X-ray machine   Philips, GE, Siemens   Smaller than average
     
eVent Ventilators   Drugg (GER), GE, TYCO (USA), Newport (USA)   Smaller than average
     
HEYER Anesthesia Machine   Drager (GER), Datex-Ohmeda (US), Primas (UK)   Smaller than average
         
HEYER Ultrasonic Nebulizer   PARI (GER), YUYUE (China)   Average
         
Timesco laryngoscope   Kirchner & Wilhelm (GER), WelchAllyn (USA)   Greater than average

 

*A “greater than average” position indicates Dehaier estimates its competitive position in the top third of all competitors. “Average” indicates Dehaier estimates its competitive position in the middle third of all competitors. “Smaller than average” indicates Dehaier estimates its competitive position in the bottom third of all competitors.

 

As we expand into international markets, our competitors will include publicly traded and privately held multinational companies such as Respironics and Covidien. These companies typically focus on the premium segments of the market. We believe we can successfully penetrate certain international markets by offering products of comparable quality at lower prices. We will also face competition in international sales from companies that have local operations in the markets in which we sell our proprietary products. We believe that we can compete successfully with these companies by offering high quality proprietary products at comparable prices.

 

Methods of Competition

 

China’s medical device market currently features a significant number of small distributors. We seek to distinguish our company from our competitors by being able to offer proprietary and distributed products that address the device needs of customers that may have very different needs.

 

For example, China is currently investing heavily in health care nationwide; however, money for healthcare is currently unevenly distributed. There are a number of large hospitals that have significant resources and a number of rural clinics that have extremely limited budgets. We are able to provide distributed products that reach the more affluent customers, as these customers frequently tend to ascribe more perceived value to products made by well-known foreign companies, such as Timesco and HEYER. We are also able to supply our proprietary products to customers who tend to care less about perceived value and more about functionality. One of our strategies in competing in this market is to make our products as mobile as possible. For this reason, our air compressors, mobile X-ray devices, trolleys and the like are all portable. This portability addresses the budgetary limitations of, for instance, a rural clinic that can only afford to purchase a single air compressor.

 

We currently compete on three levels. First, we have well-established distribution channels and close relations with more than 2,000 dealers and distributors, reaching an estimated 3,000 hospitals. We maintain relationships with healthcare bureaus as well as other key accounts to actively participate in state-level contracted procurement projects. Second, our proprietary homecare medical products are designed to provide an all-in-one solution for end users. Together with our new home oxygen therapy service, we provide homecare medical solutions that combine products and services. Third, we have emphasized international growth, including seeking approval to sell our products in Europe and other countries and establishing a U.S. subsidiary to enable us to compete in North America. We focus on maintaining a high quality to price ratio in our proprietary products. In addition, being a NASDAQ-listed company has helped to build our brand image and reputation with potential customers and business partners.

 

Employees

 

As of March 18, 2013, we have 165 full-time employees, of which, 37 are employed in assembly; 27 are in research and development; 15 are in general administration; 78 are in marketing, sales, and customer support and service; and 8 are in procurement and supply management. As required by PRC regulations, we participate in various employee benefit plans that are organized by municipal and provincial governments, including pension, work-related injury benefits, maternity insurance, and medical and unemployment benefit plans. We are required under PRC law to make contributions to the employee benefit plans at specified percentages of the salaries, bonuses, housing funds and certain allowances of our employees, up to a maximum amount specified by the local government from time to time. We make contributions to employee benefits equal to 10% of employee salaries.

 

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Generally, we enter into a three-year standard employment contract with all of our officers, managers and other key employees and a one-year standard employment contract with all other employees. According to these employment contracts, all of our employees are prohibited from engaging in any activities that compete with our business during the period of their employment with us.

 

Under Chinese law, we may only terminate employment agreements without cause and without penalty by providing notice of non-renewal one month prior to the date on which the employment agreement is scheduled to expire. If we fail to provide this notice or if we wish to terminate an employment agreement in the absence of cause, then we are obligated to pay the employee one month’s salary for each year we have employed the employee. We are, however, permitted to terminate an employee for cause without penalty to our company, where the employee has committed a crime or the employee’s actions or inactions have resulted in a material adverse effect to us.

 

Regulations

 

Our products are medical devices and are subject to regulatory controls governing medical devices. As a distributor of medical equipment and supplies we are subject to regulation and oversight by different levels of the food and drug administration in China, in particular the SFDA. We are also subject to other PRC government laws and regulations. SFDA requirements include obtaining certifications, permits, compliance with clinical testing standards, assembly practices, quality standards, applicable industry standards and adverse event reporting, and advertising and packaging standards.

 

China’s Regulation of Medical Devices

 

Classification of Medical Devices

 

In China, medical devices are classified by the SFDA into three different categories, Class I, Class II and Class III, depending on the degree of risk associated with each medical device and the extent of control needed to ensure safety and effectiveness. Classification of a medical device is important because the class to which a medical device is assigned determines, among other things, whether a company needs to obtain a permit and the level of regulatory authority involved in obtaining such permit. Classification of a device also determines the types of registration required and the level of regulatory authority involved in effecting the product registration.

 

Class I devices require product certification and are those with low risk to the human body and are subject to “general controls.” Class I devices are regulated by the city level food and drug administration where the company is located. Class II devices are those with medium risk to the human body and are subject to “special controls.” Class II devices require product certification, usually through a quality system assessment, and are regulated by the provincial level food and drug administration where the company is located. Class III devices are those with high risk to the human body, such as life-sustaining, life-supporting or implantable devices. Class III devices also require product certification and are regulated by the SFDA under the strictest regulatory control.

 

The majority of our products are classified as Class II or Class III devices. Our anesthesia machines and ventilators are classified as Class III medical devices, while the remainder of our products are either classified as Class II or, in the case of our ventilator trolleys and sterilizers, not categorized devices.

 

Assembly Permit

 

A company must obtain a permit from the provincial level food and drug administration before commencing the assembly of Class II and Class III medical devices. No assembly permit is required for Class I devices, but the company must notify the provincial level food and drug administration where the company is located and file for record with it. An assembly permit, once obtained, is valid for five years and is renewable upon expiration.

 

We have a single assembly permit, which covers all products we assemble and is scheduled to expire on September 15, 2013. To renew an assembly permit, a company needs to submit to the provincial level food and drug administration an application to renew the permit, along with required information six months before the expiration date of the permit. If we are unable to renew the permit before it expires, we could lose our ability to assemble our medical devices until the situation is rectified. Although we have not yet renewed our permit, we anticipate filing our renewal application in the near future.

 

Distribution License

 

A manufacturer or distributor must obtain a distribution license in order to engage in sales and distribution of Class II and Class III medical devices in China. A distribution license is valid for five years and is renewable upon expiration. Our distribution license will expire on September 15, 2013. If we are unable to renew the permit before it expires, we could lose our ability to distribute medical devices until the situation is rectified. Although we have not yet renewed our permit, we anticipate filing our renewal application in the near future.

 

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Registration Requirement

 

Before a medical device can be manufactured for commercial distribution, a company must affect medical device registration by proving the safety and effectiveness of the medical device to the satisfaction of respective levels of the food and drug administration. In order to conduct a clinical trial on a Class II or Class III medical device, the SFDA requires companies to apply for and obtain in advance a favorable inspection result for the device from an inspection center jointly recognized by the SFDA and the Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine. The application to the inspection center must be supported by appropriate data, such as animal and laboratory testing results. If the inspection center approves the application for clinical trial, and the respective levels of the food and drug administration approve the institutions which will conduct the clinical trials, the company may begin the clinical trial. A registration application for a Class II or Class III device must provide required pre-clinical and clinical trial data and information about the device and its components regarding, among other things, device design, production and labeling. The provincial level food and drug administration, within 60 days of receiving an application for the registration of a Class II device, and the SFDA, within 90 days of receiving an application for the registration of a Class III device, will notify the applicant whether the application for registration is approved. If approved, a registration certificate will be issued within ten days of written approval. If the food and drug administration requires supplemental information, the approval process may take much longer. The registration is valid for four years.

 

The SFDA may change its policies, adopt additional regulations, revise existing regulations or tighten enforcement, each of which could block or delay the approval process for a medical device.

 

The following table discloses the current registration expiration dates for the products we sell. It is the obligation of that produces the product to seek registration and any renewals. We are responsible for registering our proprietary products but must rely on the suppliers of other products to seek registration for those products. We will either cease to sell such product or seek comparable products from other suppliers in the event the registration is not renewed on expiration.

 

Medical Devices (Including Related Supporting Products)

 

Product Type

 

Product Model

 

Registration Expiration

Mobile Medical X-Ray Image Devices.   Explorer Series mobile and C-armed X-ray machine   July 2015
    IMD Compact Series mobile-X-ray machine   January 2015
Anesthesia Machines.   DHR ORSA Series anesthesia machine   February 2014
Ventilator Air Compressor.   DHR280 Air Compressor for Ventilators   September 2013
Laryngoscope   Timesco Laryngoscope   September 2014
Injection Pump   JMS Injection Pump SP-500   May 2015
Anesthesia Machine   Heyer Narkomat   August 2015
Trolleys for Ventilators.   Not applicable   Not a medical device
Sterilizers for Ventilators.   Not applicable   Not a medical device

 

Respiratory and Oxygen Homecare Products

 

Product Type

 

Product Model

 

Registration Expiration

Oxygen Concentrating Products.   Oxygen concentrator   April 2014
Sleep Apnea Treatment Products.  

CPAP C5

Auto CPAP A8

Auto S-CPAP A9

 

July 2016

July 2016

July 2016

Diagnostic Products.  

DHR 998

DHR 999

 

Application stage

Application stage

 

Continuing SFDA Regulation

 

We are subject to continuing regulation by the SFDA. In the event of significant modification to an approved medical device, its labeling or its assembly process, a new premarket approval or premarket approval supplement may be required. Our products are subject to, among others, the following regulations:

 

SFDA’s quality system regulations which require companies to create, implement and follow certain design, testing, control, documentation and other quality assurance procedures;

 

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medical device reporting regulations, which require that companies report to the SFDA certain types of adverse reaction and other events involving their products; and
SFDA’s general prohibition against promoting products for unapproved uses.

 

Class II and III devices may also be subject to special controls applicable to them, such as supply purchase information, performance standards, quality inspection procedures and product testing devices which may not be required for Class I devices. We believe we are in compliance with the applicable SFDA guidelines, but we could be required to change our compliance activities or be subject to other special controls if the SFDA changes or modifies its existing regulations or adopts new requirements.

 

We are also subject to inspection and market surveillance by the SFDA to determine compliance with regulatory requirements. If the SFDA decides to enforce its regulations and rules, the agency can institute a wide variety of enforcement actions such as:

 

fines, injunctions and civil penalties;
recall or seizure of our products;
the imposition of operating restrictions, partial suspension or complete shutdown of assembly; and
criminal prosecution.

 

China Compulsory Certification Requirements

 

China Compulsory Certification, or CCC, inclusive of a certificate and a mark, serves as evidence that the covered products can be imported, marketed or used in China. The CCC mark is administered by the China National Certification and Accreditation Administration, which designates the China Quality Certification Center to process CCC mark applications. Some medical devices are required to have a CCC mark. We have received a certificate and a mark for each of our proprietary products for which a CCC mark is required.

 

Other National and Provincial Level Laws and Regulations in China

 

Beyond those laws and regulations we consider material to our business, we are subject to evolving regulations under many other laws and regulations administered by governmental authorities at the national, provincial and city levels, some of which are, or may be, applicable to our business. Our hospital customers are also subject to a wide variety of laws and regulations that could affect the nature and scope of their relationships with us.

 

Laws regulating the conduct of business in our industry cover a broad array of subjects. We must comply with numerous additional state and local laws relating to matters such as safe working conditions, environmental protection and fire hazard control, which affect all companies doing business in China. We believe we are currently in compliance with these laws and regulations in all material respects. We may be required to incur significant costs to comply with these laws and regulations in the future. Unanticipated changes in existing regulatory requirements or adoption of new requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Restriction on Foreign Ownership

 

The principal regulation governing foreign ownership of medical device businesses in the PRC is the 2011 Foreign Investment Industrial Guidance Catalogue (the “Catalogue”). The Catalogue classifies the various industries into four categories: encouraged, permitted, restricted and prohibited. As confirmed by the government authorities, BDL is engaged in an encouraged industry. Such a designation offers businesses distinct advantages. For example, businesses engaged in encouraged industries:

 

are not subject to restrictions on foreign investment, and, as such, foreign can own a majority in Sino-foreign joint ventures or establish wholly-owned foreign enterprises in the PRC;
provided such company has total investment of less than $100 million, the company is subject to regional (not central) government examination and approval which are generally more efficient and less time-consuming; and
may import certain equipment while enjoying a tariff and import-stage value-added tax exemption.

 

The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Commerce periodically jointly revise the Foreign Investment Industrial Guidance Catalogue. As such, there is a possibility that our company’s business may fall outside the scope of the definition of an encouraged industry in the future. Should this occur, we would no longer benefit from such designation.

 

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Regulation of Foreign Currency Exchange

 

The principal regulations governing foreign currency exchange in China are the Foreign Exchange Administration Regulations (1996), as amended, and the Administration Rules of the Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange (1996). Under these regulations, Renminbi are freely convertible for current account items, including the distribution of dividends, interest payments, trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, but not for most capital account items, such as direct investment, loan, repatriation of investment and investment in securities outside China, unless the prior approval of SAFE or its local counterparts is obtained. In addition, any loans to an operating subsidiary in China that is a foreign invested enterprise, cannot, in the aggregate, exceed the difference between its respective approved total investment amount and its respective approved registered capital amount. Furthermore, any foreign loan must be registered with SAFE or its local counterparts for the loan to be effective. Any increase in the amount of the total investment and registered capital must be approved by the PRC Ministry of Commerce or its local counterpart. We may not be able to obtain these government approvals or registrations on a timely basis, if at all, which could result in a delay in the process of making these loans.

 

The dividends paid by the subsidiary to its shareholder are deemed shareholder income and are taxable in China. Pursuant to the Administration Rules of the Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange (1996), foreign-invested enterprises in China may purchase or remit foreign exchange, subject to a cap approved by SAFE, for settlement of current account transactions without the approval of SAFE. Foreign exchange transactions under the capital account are still subject to limitations and require approvals from, or registration with, SAFE and other relevant PRC governmental authorities.

 

Regulation of Dividend Distribution

 

The principal regulations governing the distribution of dividends by foreign holding companies include the Foreign Investment Enterprise Law (1986), as amended, and the Administrative Rules under the Foreign Investment Enterprise Law (2001).

 

Under these regulations, foreign investment enterprises in China may pay dividends only out of their retained profits, if any, determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. In addition, foreign investment enterprises in China are required to allocate at least 10% of their respective retained profits each year, if any, to fund certain reserve funds unless these reserves have reached 50% of the registered capital of the enterprises. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends.

 

Notice 75

 

On October 21, 2005, SAFE issued Notice 75, which became effective as of November 1, 2005. According to Notice 75, prior registration with the local SAFE branch is required for PRC residents to establish or to control an offshore company for the purposes of financing that offshore company with assets or equity interests in an onshore enterprise located in the PRC. An amendment to registration or filing with the local SAFE branch by such PRC resident is also required for the injection of equity interests or assets of an onshore enterprise in the offshore company or overseas funds raised by such offshore company, or any other material change involving a change in the capital of the offshore company.

 

Moreover, Notice 75 applies retroactively. As a result, PRC residents who have established or acquired control of offshore companies that have made onshore investments in the PRC in the past are required to complete the relevant registration procedures with the local SAFE branch. Under the relevant rules, failure to comply with the registration procedures set forth in Notice 75 may result in restrictions being imposed on the foreign exchange activities of the relevant onshore company, including the increase of its registered capital, the payment of dividends and other distributions to its offshore parent or affiliate and capital inflow from the offshore entity, and may also subject relevant PRC residents to penalties under PRC foreign exchange administration regulations.

 

PRC residents who control our company are required to register with SAFE in connection with their investments in us. Such individuals completed this registration in 2007, and 2008, as amended. If we use our equity interest to purchase the assets or equity interest of a PRC company owned by PRC residents in the future, such PRC residents will be subject to the registration procedures described in Notice 75.

 

Trademark Rights

 

The PRC Trademark Law, adopted in 1982 and revised in 2001, with its implementation rules adopted in 2002, protects registered trademarks. The Trademark Office of the State Administration of Industry and Commerce (“SAIC”), handles trademark registrations and grants trademark registrations for a term of ten years.

 

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Regulations on Offshore Parent Holding Companies’ Direct Investment in and Loans to Their PRC Subsidiaries

 

An offshore company may invest equity in a PRC company, which will become the PRC subsidiary of the offshore holding company after investment. Such equity investment is subject to a series of laws and regulations generally applicable to any foreign-invested enterprise in China, which include the Wholly Foreign Owned Enterprise Law, the Sino-foreign Equity Joint Venture Enterprise Law, the Sino-foreign Contractual Joint Venture Enterprise Law, all as amended from time to time, and their respective implementing rules; the Tentative Provisions on the Foreign Exchange Registration Administration of Foreign-Invested Enterprise; and the Notice on Certain Matters Relating to the Change of Registered Capital of Foreign-Invested Enterprises.

 

Under the aforesaid laws and regulations, the increase of the registered capital of a foreign-invested enterprise is subject to the prior approval by the original approval authority of its establishment. In addition, the increase of registered capital and total investment amount shall both be registered with SAIC and SAFE.

 

Shareholder loans made by offshore parent holding companies to their PRC subsidiaries are regarded as foreign debts in China for regulatory purpose, which is subject to a number of PRC laws and regulations, including the PRC Foreign Exchange Administration Regulations, the Interim Measures on Administration on Foreign Debts, the Tentative Provisions on the Statistics Monitoring of Foreign Debts and its implementation rules, and the Administration Rules on the Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange.

 

Under these regulations, the shareholder loans made by offshore parent holding companies to their PRC subsidiaries shall be registered with SAFE. Furthermore, the total amount of foreign debts that can be borrowed by such PRC subsidiaries, including any shareholder loans, shall not exceed the difference between the total investment amount and the registered capital amount of the PRC subsidiaries, both of which are subject to the governmental approval.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

 

The Company is not required to provide the information required by this Item because the Company is a smaller reporting company.

 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

 

The Company is not required to provide the information required by this Item because the Company is a smaller reporting company.

 

Item 2. Properties.

 

We are headquartered and our principal executive offices are located at Jiuzhou Plaza in Beijing. We assemble and test all our branded products at our 32,000 square foot product facility at the Changping Science Park in Beijing.

 

Office   Address   Rental Term
Expiration
  Space
Principal Executive Office  

Room 501, Jiuzhou Plaza, 83 Fuxing Road

Haidian District, Beijing 100856 P.R. China

  December 31, 2014   2,583 square feet
Product Center   45 Yong An Road, Science Park, Changping District, Beijing, 102200, P.R. China   December 31, 2013   32,000 square feet

 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

 

From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings, which arise in the ordinary course of business. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business. We are currently not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that we believe will have a material adverse affect on our business, financial condition or operating results.

 

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

 

Not applicable.

 

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PART II

 

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

 

(a)

 

Market for Our Common Shares

 

Our common shares are traded on the NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol DHRM. The high and low common stock sales prices per share during the periods indicated were as follows:

 

Quarter Ended   Mar. 31     June 30     Sept. 30     Dec. 31     Year  
Fiscal year 2012                              
Price per common share:                                        
High   $ 3.38     $ 3.95     $ 2.99     $ 2.50     $ 3.95  
Low   $ 1.26     $ 1.59     $ 1.47     $ 1.54     $ 1.26  
                                         
Fiscal year 2011                                        
Price per common share:                                        
High   $ 7.74     $ 5.30     $ 3.30     $ 2.08     $ 7.74  
Low   $ 4.90     $ 2.18     $ 1.95     $ 1.40     $ 1.40  

 

Approximate Number of Holders of Our Common Shares

 

As of the date of this report there are ten (10) holders of record of our common shares. This number excludes our common shares owned by shareholders holding under nominee security position listings. 

 

Dividend Policy

 

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common shares. We anticipate that we will retain any earnings to support operations and to finance the growth and development of our business. Therefore, we do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination relating to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on a number of factors, including future earnings, capital requirements, financial conditions and future prospects and other factors the Board of Directors may deem relevant.

 

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

 

On January 9, 2012, we issued 5,000 common shares as consideration to a non-employee in connection with individual consulting services provided by the recipient. On April 5, 2012, we issued 5,000 common shares as consideration to a non-employee in connection with individual consulting services provided by the recipient. On August 22, 2012, we issued 20,000 common shares as consideration to a non-employee in connection with financial advisory services provided by the recipient. On November 26, 2012, we issued 20,000 common shares as consideration to a non-employee in connection with financial advisory services provided by the recipient. Also on November 26, 2012, we issued 10,000 common shares as consideration to a non-employee in connection with financial advisory services provided by the recipient.

 

The issuances of the above securities were exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act), in reliance upon Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering. The recipients of the securities in each of these transactions represented their intentions to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof, and appropriate legends were placed upon the book-entry entitlements issued in each such transaction.

  

(b) Not applicable.

 

(c) None.

 

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data.

 

The Company is not required to provide the information required by this Item because the Company is a smaller reporting company.

 

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

The following discussion contains, in addition to historical information, forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those described herein.

 

Company Overview

 

We are a company in the business of developing and distributing medical devices. We have focused on developing respiratory and oxygen homecare products in particular since 2006.

 

We distribute products designed and manufactured by other companies. We broaden our product portfolio through distribution agreements with international manufacturers, and most of the products we distribute are imported. Our distribution offerings are mostly equipment used in the operating room, the intensive care unit (“ICU”) and the emergency room.

 

Besides distributing medical devices, we also design, develop and market our own proprietary products and medical components. Because we do not run any manufacturing facilities, we contract some of the medical components to outside manufacturers in China. Most of our proprietary products require light assembly by us before distribution.

 

We sell our products primarily through distributors, but we also make direct sales to hospitals, clinics, government health bureaus and individuals. We continue to further our market reach by introducing newer and more advanced product lines that address different end-user needs.

 

Macro-Economic Factors and Business Trends

 

In 2011, the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology announced a medical technology development policy under the “12th Five-Year Plan,” proposing to transfer business focus to the development of new drugs, medical equipment and advanced traditional Chinese medicine, and to the development of the emerging industries of biomedicine. The plan focuses on researching and developing the medium- and high-level diagnostic and curative medical devices which are in high demand and widely used, actively promoting the development of cost-effective medical devices for use in primary health care institutions, enhancing the stability and reliability of medical services and products and researching and developing supplementary medical equipment which can be easily operated for family and self-healthcare. Under the 12th Five-Year Plan, China will proactively promote the reform of healthcare infrastructure system and offer safe, effective, convenient and low-cost medical services to its residents. As a result, management anticipates growth in the Chinese pharmaceutical market.

 

Current medical device purchases by individuals in China are much lower than they are in Europe and the U.S. It is estimated that twenty percent of individual expenditures on home medical care in China are for medical devices, compared to 50% of such expenditures in Europe and the U.S. As China’s population continues to age, management expects a rapid increase in demand for medical devices, and, as a result, growth in China’s medical device industry.

 

It is the initial stage of rapid growth of China’s home medical equipment market. As residents’ living standards and consumption structure change, the demand for healthcare services and self-care will substantially increase, creating growth opportunities for participants in the market.

 

In summary, as a vital component of China’s current health system reform, the medical device industry has been incorporated into the national strategic development plan. In 2013, we anticipate new opportunities, combined with favorable government policies, will position us for continued growth.

 

New Opportunities in Our Business

 

Chinese government programs are aimed at rebuilding and renovating urban health centers, and building hospitals and medical centers in rural areas. The government is setting up the goal of having one up-to-standard hospital in every county, one government-run medical center in every township and one clinic in every administrative village. Major portion of the domestic large-scale medical equipment procurement is government centralized procurement. For example, China Development Bank launched the “Supporting Health Infrastructure in Rural Areas” Program with a $690 million budget in the three years from 2011 through 2013.

 

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Fortune magazine predicted homecare medical equipment to be ranked first among the fastest-growing industries in the 21st century. In western countries with mature and large health care markets, home medical equipment accounts for 40% of the entire medical device output. However, in China because of the limited health insurance coverage and level of treatment in the public health systems, residents tend to be more aware of their health and wellness and to seek treatment at home before resorting to public health systems. Thus, management expects that homecare medical equipment could become as abundant as home appliances.

 

In addition, the UN estimates that the Chinese population over the age of 60 will increase from 167 million in 2010 to 440 million in 2050; hence, the aging population and increasing incidence of respiratory disorders are expected to drive additional growth in respiratory homecare products in the Chinese marketplace.

 

In 2011, the Shanghai government launched its medical insurance program to subsidize its citizens on homecare oxygen tanks. We anticipate Beijing and other cities will be pushing for similar legislation. Accordingly, in 2011 we partnered with two other companies to provide homecare oxygen tank services in Beijing.

 

Based on the data shown above, both from a market and a government perspective, we are leveraging our broad sales network in order to introduce additional products from leading international brands into the Chinese market and participating in government healthcare projects. At the same time, we will also increase our investment in R&D, continue marketing penetration for our proprietary products, expand coverage for home oxygen therapy service and focus on broadening international markets. We believe that the favorable market conditions will support growth in sales and that our market expansion strategy will benefit our business growth in the future.

 

Growth Strategy

 

We plan to build our brand name domestically as both a distributor and a trusted partner by leveraging our relationships with healthcare professionals, agents and other downstream distributors, maintaining and expanding our customer base, and promoting steady business growth.

 

We plan to broaden the portfolio of products we distribute for other companies by cooperating with more internationally recognized medical equipment manufacturers. We also intend to take advantage of our well-established distribution network to grow sales revenues. By actively participating in state-level contracted healthcare programs, we will continue to expand our key account business and build a higher level of contact and relationships with the government and other healthcare industrial insiders.

 

We plan to expand our product portfolio through continued investment in research and development and pursuing attractive opportunities to acquire complementary products and technologies. We will establish an efficient and innovative sleep diagnostic system by developing advanced technologies, continuously strong efforts in research and development of proprietaries and will broaden the market by seeking cooperation with first-class sleep centers in nationwide.

 

We will continue developing sleep respiratory and oxygen therapy business domestically. We will launch a series of product combinations to address the each specific market of oxygen therapy, including emergency treatment, disaster relief and homecare oxygen therapy services.

 

We will continue to expand into overseas markets and establish a distribution network, through distribution agreements, OEM partnerships and direct sales force efforts. We will build our brand name by actively participating in international trade shows and other marketing activities. To the extent we have adequate demand for our sleep respiratory and oxygen therapy products abroad, we will continue seeking regulatory approval to sell these products in the United States and Europe.

 

Results of Operations

 

Overview

 

For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, our total revenues amounted to approximately $21.37 million and $21.64 million, respectively. Our revenues are subject to value added tax (“VAT”), sales returns and trade discounts. We deduct these amounts from our gross revenues to arrive at our total revenues. Our net income attributable to Dehaier for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 was approximately $3.21 million and $3.10 million, respectively. Although revenue decreased slightly, net income attributable to Dehaier increased slightly, mainly due to the Company’s operating strategy changes that reduced expenses. While we continuously developed our sales channels on traditional medical devices sales, we have also been adjusting our strategy to expand into government procurement projects and the burgeoning respiratory and oxygen homecare market.

 

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Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations – Generally

 

We believe the most significant factors that directly or indirectly affect our sales revenues and net income are: 

 

the level of acceptance of our products among hospitals and other healthcare facilities;

 

our ability to price our products at levels that provide favorable margins;

 

new products introduced by us and our competitors;

 

our ability to attract and retain distributors and key customers;

 

our continued investment in research and development activities and our retention of key employees;

 

changes in China’s macro-economic environment and healthcare-related government policies and legislation; and

 

global economic conditions.

 

Revenues

 

Our total revenues are derived from our medical devices and our respiratory and oxygen homecare products and services. In 2012, our revenues decreased slightly as we saw a weakening in our traditional medical sales due to increased competition in our market. While we have been successful in growing our higher-margin sales in 2012, we believe that we are still at an early stage in this market and have not yet overcome the traditional market decrease.

 

Medical Devices (Including Related Supporting Products) – Our Proprietary and Distributed Products

 

We derive revenues in our medical devices product line from the sale of C-arm X-ray systems, anesthesia machines, medical ventilators, general hospital products and related supporting products (previously defined as technical service products). Our medical device line is our largest product line and has the most extensive market penetration. We anticipate that we will continue to experience revenue growth in our medical devices line as we further develop our market through the introduction of new advanced product offerings and the participation in favorable government programs. In addition, we have begun to engage in state-level healthcare projects recently. We may procure high-end medical equipment for our clients, which may not necessarily be part of our existing distributed brands portfolio. We refer to these kinds of contracted projects as “key account business.” Although this business may carry lower margins, the contract value for such business is typically larger and can contribute materially to our revenues.

 

Sleep Respiratory and Oxygen Therapy Products

 

We derive revenues in our sleep respiratory and oxygen therapy line from sales of oxygen concentrators, CPAP devices, and portable sleep diagnostics devices. We anticipate that, on a percentage basis, revenues from sleep respiratory and oxygen therapy product line will increase more rapidly than total revenues in the near term, as we introduce new and more advanced products. We expect to develop our market for sleep respiratory and oxygen therapy market in China and internationally through the use of distributors as well as through our direct sales platform. In addition, we launched the new Effective Oxygen Supplement System in 2012. This system is able to satisfy more demands from a much more detailed and specific market. While we strongly believe in the tremendous growth potential of sleep respiratory and oxygen therapy business in coming years, we are still in the early stage of this business. In 2013, management will be focusing on laying solid foundation, such as introducing more advanced products and penetrating the market, for sleep respiratory and oxygen therapy business, rather than generating considerable revenue from this business.

 

Operating Costs and Expenses

 

Our operating costs and expenses consist of cost of revenues, general and administrative expenses, selling expenses and other expenses. Our total operating costs and expenses slightly decreased both as a percentage of our total revenues and in absolute amount for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to the same period in 2011, primarily due to the decrease in spending in the homecare and oxygen therapy clients and international market development. Further, our research and development investments and efforts in maintaining capital market relationships contributed to our operating expenses. The following table sets forth the components of our costs and expenses both in U.S. dollar amounts (in thousands) and as a percentage of total revenues for the years indicated.

 

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    For the year ended December 31,  
    2012     2011     Change  
    USD
(‘000)
    %     USD
(‘000)
    %     USD
(‘000)
    %  
Revenues     21,370     100.00     21,639     100.00     (269 )   -1.24 %
                                                 
Costs and expenses                                                
Cost of revenues     13,255       62.03       13,697       63.30       (442 )     -3.23  
General and administrative expense     2,599       12.16       2,621       12.11       (22 )     -0.84  
Selling expense     1,358       6.35       1,877       8.67       (519 )     -27.65  
                                                 
Total costs and expenses     17,212     80.54     18,195     84.08     (983 )   -5.40  
                                                 
Net Income     3,216   15.05       3,126       14.45       90       2.88  

 

Cost of Revenues

 

Cost of revenues primarily includes finished goods, parts for assembly, wages, handling charges, and other expenses associated with the assembly and distribution of product.

 

General and Administrative Expenses

 

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and benefits and related costs for our administrative personnel and management, fees and expenses of our outside advisers, including legal, audit and valuation expenses, expenses associated with our administrative offices and the depreciation of equipment used for administrative purposes. We expect that our general and administrative expenses will increase, both on an absolute basis and as a percentage of revenue, as we hire additional personnel and incur costs related to the anticipated growth of our business. In addition, we expect to continue to incur significant general and administrative expenses as a public company.

 

Selling Expenses

 

Selling expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits for our sales and marketing staff, expenses for promotional, advertising, travel and entertainment activities, lease payments for our sales offices, and depreciation expenses related to equipment used for sales and marketing activities. Going forward, we expect our selling expenses to increase, both on an absolute basis and as a percentage of revenue, as we increase our efforts to promote our products, especially our new respiratory and oxygen homecare products.

 

Results of Operations

 

We believe that period-to-period comparisons of operating results should not be relied upon as indicative of future performance.

 

Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2012 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2011.

 

Revenues

 

Our total revenues decreased by 1.24% from $21.64 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 to $21.37 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012. In 2012, we continuously developed our sales channels for traditional medical devices sales. At the same time, we also began to adjust our operating strategy to expand into government procurement projects and the burgeoning respiratory and oxygen homecare market. Management believes revenues have decreased slightly in traditional device sales due to an increasingly challenging market and new competitors. Further, our government procurement efforts and homecare business are still at a relatively early stage. As a result, our overall revenues are slightly lower than in 2011.

 

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Cost of Revenues

 

Our cost of revenues decreased by 3.23% from $13.70 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 to $13.25 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012. O ur efforts to manage our inventory and costs allowed us to decrease our cost of revenues slightly more quickly than our decrease in revenues.

 

Gross Profit

 

Our gross profit increased from $7.94 million in 2011 to $8.12 million in 2012, and our gross margin increased slightly from 36.70% in 2011 to 37.98% in 2012. Management believes the shift in the Company’s revenue mix away from traditional device sales resulted in increases in gross margin and net income.

 

Operating Expenses

 

Our operating expenses decreased by 12.02% from $4.50 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 to $3.96 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012. The expenses decreased more than revenues, largely due to our efforts to reduce traveling and marketing expenses by leveraging our increasingly mature distribution network and shifting away from in-person marketing visits when appropriate. We analyzed our operating expenses by general and administrative expenses and selling expenses in the following parts.

 

Operating Expenses—General and Administrative Expenses

 

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and benefits and related costs for our administrative personnel and management, and expenses associated with our research and development, registration of patent and intellectual property rights in China and abroad.

 

Our general and administration expenses decreased by 0.82% from $2.62 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 to $2.60 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012. This decrease was mainly due to a reduction in R&D expenses.

 

We expect that our general and administration expenses will increase in the near future as a result of business expansion..

 

Operating Expenses—Selling Expense

 

Our selling expenses decreased by 27.66% from $1.88 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 to $1.36 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012.

 

These selling expense decreases are a result of operating efficiency improvements related to more focused marketing efforts that reduced travel expenses when appropriate. We expect our selling expenses will grow as we invest in strengthening our distribution network, growing relationships with our customers, developing the homecare device market (in particular our oxygen therapy service initiative) and driving top-line growth in these areas.

 

Operating Income

 

As a result of the foregoing, we generated an operating income of approximately $4.39 million in 2012, compared to approximately $3.61 million in 2011. Operating income increased by 21.46% largely due to the decrease in selling expenses.

 

Taxation

 

Our income tax expense was approximately $0.86 million in 2012, compared to approximately $0.66 million in 2011. Our taxable income increased primarily due to the increase in net income.

 

Net Income

 

As a result of the foregoing, we had net income of approximately $3.22 million in 2012, compared to approximately $3.13 million in 2011. After deduction of non-controlling interest in income, net income attributable to Dehaier was approximately $3.21 million and $3.10 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Cash Flows and Working Capital

 

As of December 31, 2012, we had $3,505,330 in cash and cash equivalents. As a result of decreased cash flow associated with intellectual property investment, partially offset by increased cash flow from operating activities, net cash decreased from $3,694,486 at December 31, 2011. We believe that our currently available working capital of $28,852,500, including cash, should be adequate to meet our anticipated cash needs and sustain our current operations for at least 12 months. To the extent we engage in acquisitions in the future, we may need to rely on a variety of sources of funding, including but not limited to operating cash, and debt and/or equity financing.

 

Operating Activities

 

Net cash provided by operating activities was $1,704,876 for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to $3,161,752 used in operating activities for the same period in 2011. The reasons for this change are mainly as follows:

 

(i) Accounts receivable decreased by $344,341 in 2012, compared with an increase of $3,797,045 in 2011. The aggregate decrease in accounts receivable from the beginning of 2011 through the end of 2012 of $4,141,386 is attributable to better aging management, which reduced accounts receivable amounts.

 

(ii) Prepayments and other current assets increased by $1,730,704 in 2012, while in 2011, it increased by $1,413,176. The aggregate increase of $3,143,880 in prepayments and other current assets from the beginning of 2011 through the end of 2012 is due to the Company’s decision to lock in supply costs by prepaying certain amounts in order to avoid increases in raw material prices.

 

(iii) Other receivables increased by $1,617,781 in 2012, while in 2011, other receivables decreased by $642,287. This increase of $2,260,068 in other receivables from the beginning of 2011 through the end of 2012 represents contract and contract bid deposits to participate in large contracts, which typically have a longer turnover than smaller contracts due to increased completion time.

 

(iv) Inventories decreased by $931,844 in 2012, while in the 2011, inventories decreased by $842,052. The aggregate decrease in inventories of $1,773,896 from the beginning of 2011 through the end of 2012 is mainly because the Company improved its inventory management by better matching production cycles with customer orders.

 

Investing Activities

 

Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2012 was $2,726,507, compared to $155,419 for the same period of 2011. The cash used in investing activities in each year was mainly attributable to capital expenditures for the purchase of new equipment. The increase in 2012 was mainly because the Company completed software copyright registrations for which it had previously invested in research and development.

 

Financing Activities

 

We received $2.4 million in proceeds from a short-term bank loan in 2012, which was fully paid during the year, as compared to $1.5 million in 2011.

 

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

 

The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2012:

 

    Payments due by period  
Contractual obligations   Total     Less than 1 year     1-3 years     More than 3 years  
Operating Lease Obligations   $ 144,451     $ 97,589     $ 46,862       -  
Short-term borrowings   $ 2,407,200     $ 2,407,200       -       -  
Total   $ 2,551,651     $ 2,504,789     $ 46,862       -  

 

The leased properties are principally located in the PRC, and we use such properties for administration and warehouse facilities. The leases are renewable subject to negotiation.

 

Short-term borrowings represent short-term loans from two banks, which are due in May 2013 and March 2014.

 

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Capital Expenditures

 

We made capital expenditures of approximately $2.73 million and $0.15 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively, representing 12.73% and 0.69% of our total revenues, respectively. Our capital expenditures were used to purchase machinery for our assembly line and obtain software copyrights. As of December 31, 2012, we had no capital expenditure obligations.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments and Arrangements

 

We have not entered into any financial guarantees or other commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of any third parties. We have not entered into any derivative contracts that are indexed to our shares and classified as shareholder’s equity or that are not reflected in our consolidated financial statements. Furthermore, we do not have any retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to such entity. We do not have any variable interest in any unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit support to us or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development services with us.

 

Tax Matters Applicable to Our Company

 

Generally

 

Dehaier is a tax-exempt company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands. BDL and BTL were incorporated in the PRC and are governed by PRC laws.

 

The Company pays PRC enterprise income taxes, value added taxes and business taxes in China for revenues from BDL, and is governed by British Virgin Islands tax laws as to Dehaier.

 

British Virgin Islands Tax

 

We are exempt from all provisions of the Income Tax Act of the British Virgin Islands, including with respect to all dividends, interests, rents, royalties, compensation and other amounts payable by or to persons who are not resident in the British Virgin Islands. Capital gains realized with respect to any of our shares, debt obligations or other securities by persons who are not resident in the British Virgin Islands are also exempt from all provisions of the Income Tax Act of the British Virgin Islands. No estate, inheritance tax succession or gift tax rate, duty, levy or other charge is payable by persons who are not resident in the British Virgin Islands with respect to any of our shares, debt obligations, or other securities. No stamp duty is payable in the British Virgin Islands in relation to a transfer of shares in a British Virgin Islands Business Company.

 

PRC Enterprise Income Taxes

 

PRC enterprise income tax is calculated based on taxable income determined under PRC accounting principles.

 

The Company is subject to the Enterprise Income Tax Law (the “EIT Law”) which provides for a unified enterprise income tax rate of 25%. We are eligible for preferential tax treatment in accordance with the currently prevailing tax laws and administrative regulations through December 31, 2012.

 

Furthermore, under the EIT Law, an enterprise established outside of the PRC with “de facto management bodies” within the PRC is considered a resident enterprise and will normally be subject to the enterprise income tax at the rate of 25% on its global income. If the PRC tax authorities subsequently determine that we or any of our non-PRC subsidiaries should be classified as a PRC resident enterprise, then such entity’s global income will be subject to PRC income tax at a tax rate of 25%. In addition, under the EIT Law, payments from BDL to us may be subject to a withholding tax. The EIT Law currently provides for a withholding tax rate of 20%. If Dehaier is deemed to be a non-resident enterprise, then it will be subject to a withholding tax at the rate of 10% on any dividends paid by its Chinese subsidiaries to Dehaier. In practice, the tax authorities typically impose the withholding tax rate of 10% rate, as prescribed in the implementation regulations; however, there can be no guarantee that this practice will continue as more guidance is provided by relevant government authorities. We are actively monitoring the proposed withholding tax and are evaluating appropriate organizational changes to minimize the corresponding tax impact.

 

In addition, entities that qualify as “high and new technology enterprises” will enjoy a 15% preferential tax rate under the EIT Law. Enterprise that have been certified as “high and new technology enterprises” shall pre-pay EIT at the rate of 25% temporarily until re-certified as “high and new technology enterprises” under Circular 172.

 

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Under the current PRC laws, PRC government grants a preferential income tax rate of 15% to government-certified high technology companies, and under the new standard the period of validity for the certification of high technology companies is three years. In 2009, BDL renewed its certification for “high technology” company, and qualified for the 15% income tax rate to calculate the income tax expense for the periods ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. In 2012, the Company renewed the high technology company status to maintain its 15% income tax rate. The current preferential rate is scheduled to expire unless renewed in 2015.The income tax rate for BTL was 25% in 2011 and 2012.

 

PRC Value Added Tax

 

All entities and individuals that are engaged in the businesses of sales of goods, provision of repair and placement services and importation of goods into China are generally subject to a VAT at a rate of 17% (with the exception of certain goods which are subject to a rate of 13%) of the gross sales proceeds received, less any VAT already paid or borne by the taxpayer on the goods or services purchased by it and utilized in the production of goods or provisions of services that have generated the gross sales proceeds.

 

PRC Business Tax

 

Companies in China are generally subject to business tax and related surcharges by various local tax authorities at rates ranging from 3% to 20% on revenue generated from providing services and revenue generated from the transfer of intangibles.

 

United States Tax

 

As of December 31, 2012, Breathcare LLC was treated as a pass-through entity under the Internal Revenue Code, so Breathcare LLC does not pay U.S. federal income tax at the entity level. Moreover, to date, Breathcare LLC has not generated any revenues.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Dehaier, and its majority-owned and wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). All significant inter-company transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.

 

A group of shareholders, including the Chief Executive Officer, originally held more than 50% of the voting ownership interest of Dehaier, BDL and BTL. BTL is a variable interest entity (“VIE”), and BDL is the primary beneficiary. BTL owns a building which is pledged as collateral for BDL’s bank loans. In exchange, BDL loans money to BTL to finance its operations. BTL’s primary operation is to provide repairs and transportation services to BDL’s customers. Because of these arrangements, BDL is the primary beneficiary of BTL, as the entity that is most closely associated with BTL. Management makes ongoing reassessments of whether BDL is the primary beneficiary of BTL.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Estimates are adjusted to reflect actual experience when necessary. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Company's consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, warranty obligation, warrants liability, stock-based compensation and useful lives of property and equipment. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Accounts Receivable

 

Accounts receivable are recorded at net realizable value. Accounts receivable terms typically are 60-180 days from the end of the month in which services are provided or goods are delivered. Our typical trade receivable terms vary based on the type of customer. We general require 100% prepayment before delivering our products to individual clients. Our contract terms general require 10%-30% prepayment for our hospital and healthcare center clients, and the trade receivable term in contracts for those clients is generally between 60 and 90 days. Our contract terms general require 10% prepayment from our distributor clients, and the trade receivable term in contracts for those clients is generally between 60 and 180 days. With the exception of the prepayments we require in some cases, we generally do not require collateral or other security to support accounts receivable. An allowance, if required, is based on a combination of historical experience, aging analysis, and an evaluation of the collectability of specific accounts.

 

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements for current assets and current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments.

 

The Company follows the provisions of ASC 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” which establishes a single authoritative definition of fair value and a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure of fair value measurements for both financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities. This standard defines fair value, provides guidance for measuring fair value and requires certain disclosures. This standard does not require any new fair value measurements, but discusses valuation techniques, such as the market approach (comparable market prices), the income approach (present value of future income or cash flows) and the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). For purposes of ASC 820-10-15, nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities would include all assets and liabilities other than those meeting the definition of a financial asset or financial liability as defined in ASC 820-10-15-15-1A.

 

The Company adopted the provisions of ASC Topic 815 (formerly Emerging Issue Task Force 07-5), “Determining Whether an Instrument (or an Embedded Feature) is Indexed to an Entity’s Own Stock.” ASC Topic 815 provides a framework for determining whether an instrument is indexed to an entity’s own stock. ASC Topic 815 became effective for the Company this period when warrants were issued in connection with the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”). Such warrants are indexed to the Company’s common shares, which is traded in US dollars. Since the Company’s functional currency is the RMB, such warrants are considered liabilities. The fair value of the warrant liabilities is measured each reporting period with the resulting change in fair value recorded in the statement of operations. An increase of the warrants liability due to a change in fair value would decrease net income and earnings per share. A decrease in warrants liability due to a change in fair value would increase net income and earnings per share of the Company.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes revenues when all the followings conditions have been satisfied:

 

· Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists;

· Delivery and/or installation has occurred (e.g., risks and rewards of ownership has passed);

· The sales price is fixed or determinable; and,

· Collectibility is reasonably assured.

 

All revenues are based on firm customer orders with fixed terms and conditions. Because the products are assembled to the customers’ specification, there is no right of return. The Company does not provide its customers with price protection or cash rebates. For products which include software, the software is an off-the-shelf package and an integral part of the products being delivered. The Company does not provide any significant post-sale customer support services and does not provide customers with upgrades. The software is incidental to the product as a whole. For products that do not require installation, revenues are recognized when the products are delivered. For products that require installation, revenues are recognized when the installation is completed.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740-10, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Under this method, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of: (i) taxes payable or refundable for the current year; and, (ii) deferred tax consequences of temporary differences resulting from matters that have been recognized in an entity’s financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if, based on the weight of available positive and negative evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

 

23
 

 

ASC 740-10 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition of a tax position taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. Under ASC 740-10, a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position taken or expected to be taken may be recognized only if it is “more likely than not” that the position is sustainable upon examination, based on its technical merits. The tax benefit of a qualifying position under ASC 740-10 would equal the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority having full knowledge of all the relevant information. A liability (including interest and penalties, if applicable) is established in the financial statements to the extent a current benefit has been recognized on a tax return for matters that are considered contingent upon the outcome of an uncertain tax position. Related interest and penalties, if any, are included as components of income tax expense and income taxes payable. The Company is awaiting resolution of certain complex tax issues and has not yet filed its 2008 and 2009 Value Added Tax (“VAT”) returns for some of its customers. However, all the potential VAT liabilities on these VAT returns were accrued and included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company follows the provisions of ASC 718-10, “Compensation-Stock Compensation.” The Company has a share incentive plan which authorizes the issuance of up to 10% of the number of shares outstanding. Pursuant to the plan, the Company may issue options to purchase its common shares to employees and directors of the Company and its affiliates. The Company fair values share-based awards granted under the plan. Accordingly, compensation is measured on the grant date using appropriate valuation models.

 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

 

The Company is not required to provide the information required by this Item because the Company is a smaller reporting company.

 

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

 

The Company’s financial statements and the related notes, together with the report of Friedman LLP are set forth following the signature pages of this report.

 

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

 

None.

 

Item 9A/9A(T). Controls and Procedures.

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

As of December 31, 2012 (the “Evaluation Date”), the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision of and with the participation of management, including the Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based on the foregoing, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that as of the Evaluation Date the company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective and designed to ensure that all material information required to be included in our reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission and to ensure that information required to be disclosed is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decision regarding required disclosure.

 

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

 

(1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the recording of transactions of the Company’s assets;

 

24
 

 

(2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and that the Company’s receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with the authorization of its management and directors; and

 

(3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, a system of internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to consolidated financial statement preparation and presentation and may not prevent or detect misstatements, Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

The Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012. In making this assessment, management used the framework set forth in the report entitled Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, or COSO. Based on this assessment, the Company’s management believes that, as of the Evaluation Date, its internal control over financing reporting is effective based on the criteria established in the Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by COSO.

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) during the three or twelve months ended December 31, 2012 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Item 9B.  Other Information.

 

None.

 

PART III

 

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

 

Regulation S-K Item 401:

 

Executive Officers and Directors

 

The following table sets forth our executive officers and directors, their ages and the positions held by them:

 

Name   Age   Position Held
Ping Chen (1)(2)   48   Chief Executive Officer and Chairman and Director
Jingli (Charles) Li (1)   27   Chief Financial Officer
Weibing Yang (1)(3)   45   Director
Yunxiang (Phil) Fan (1)(3)(4)(5)(6)   45   Independent Director
Genhui Chen (1)(4)(5)(6)(7)   48   Independent Director
Mingwei Zhang (1)(4)(5)(6)(7)   59   Independent Director

 

(1) The individual’s business address is c/o Suite 501, Jiuzhou Plaza, 83 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100856 China.
(2) Class III director whose term expires in 2015.
(3) Class II director whose term expires in 2014.
(4) Member of audit committee.
(5) Member of compensation committee.
(6) Member of nominating committee.
(7) Class I director whose term expires in 2013.

 

Ping Chen.  Mr. Chen is our Chief Executive Officer. Prior to his service as our Chief Executive Officer, from 1993-2000, Mr. Chen served as the CEO of Beijing Chengcheng Medical Electronic Equipment Co. Prior to 1993, Mr. Chen served as an engineer at the No. 2 Academy, Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics from 1987 to 1991 and moved up to the Head of the Civilian Products Division there from 1991-1993. Mr. Chen founded BTL in 2001 and has served as CEO since that time. Mr. Chen received his bachelor’s degree in 1984 from the National University of Defense Technology and his master’s degree in 1987 from the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Mr. Chen has been chosen as a director because he is our CEO, the leader of our Company and a key experienced member of management.

 

25
 

 

Jingli (Charles) Li . Mr. Li is our Chief Financial Officer and is familiar with US GAAP, China GAAP and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Mr. Li has supported Dehaier with the establishment of its internal control system and procedures since November 2010. He previously worked as a senior auditor in KPMG Huazhen Beijing from September 2008 through November 2010. Mr. Li earned his bachelor degree in Economics at Beijing University of Technology in 2008 and is a member of the Internal Control Institute as a Certified Internal Control Specialist.

 

Weibing Yang.  Dr. Yang has served as the Registrant’s vice president of sales and marketing since 2003.  Dr. Yang was a sales director at Beijing Dehaier Technology Company Limited from 2001 through 2003.  From 1996 to 1997, Dr. Yang was a product manager at Amtronix Inc., a medical equipment company.  From 1993 to 1996, Dr. Yang served as a sales manager at Planmeca Medical Equipment Co.  From 1989 to 1992, Dr. Yang was a doctor at the Affiliated Hospital of Shipbuilding Industry Group.  Dr. Yang graduated from the Medical School of SooChow University in 1989.  Dr. Yang was chosen as a director because of his extensive experience in sales and marketing of medical equipment.

 

Yunxiang (Phil) Fan.  Mr. Fan is a director of our company. In 2003, Mr. Fan co-founded Tri-Tech Holding Inc., a company operating in the water pollution remediation, software and engineering industry in China (“Tri-Tech”). He currently serves as the President and a director of Tri-Tech. Prior to founding Tri-Tech, Mr. Fan provided technical, engineering and management services in several U.S. engineering firms, including Black and Beatch, Parsons Brinckerhoff, Inc., and Chastain-Skillman, Inc. From 2003 through 2005, Mr. Fan was the Asia Regional Sales Manager for Met-Pro Corporation. Mr. Fan earned his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in environmental engineering from Hunan University and a master’s degree in civil engineering from Louisiana State University. Mr. Fan has been a registered professional engineer in the United States since 2001. Mr. Fan was chosen as a director because we believe we can benefit from the guidance of the president of a Chinese company publicly traded in the U.S.  

 

Genhui Chen. Dr. Chen is president of Beijing Wenfeng Medical Technology Ltd. (“BWMT”), a privately-held pharmaceutical research and development company focusing on novel cancer and dermatological products. Dr. Chen has over 15 years of experience, from1993 to 2008, in the pharmaceutical industry in the areas of clinical research, regulatory compliance, corporate development and management, for a variety of companies ranging from start-ups to public companies, both in Canada and in China. Prior to joining BWMT in 2010, Dr. Chen was a founder, president and chief executive officer of Welichem Biotech Inc., a Canadian pharmaceutical company listed on the TSX Venture Exchange since 2008. From 1999 until he founded Welichem, Dr. Chen was a senior scientist at Terragen Discovery Inc., a subsidiary of Cubist Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Chen received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in biology from Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, Canada in 1988 and 1991, respectively. Dr. Chen was chosen as a director because of his extensive experience in research and development, regulatory compliance, corporate development and management.

 

Mingwei Zhang . Mr. Zhang has extensive knowledge and experience in accounting from the perspective as an academic and a practicing accountant. Since September 2007, Mr. Zhang has served as Chief Financial Officer and a Director of Sino-Global Shipping America, Ltd. (NasdaqCM: SINO). From May 2001 until December 2007, Mr. Zhang was a partner in Baker Tilly China, an international public accounting firm. From July 1994 to June 2003, he served as a Lecturer at Monash University in Australia. Mr. Zhang received a Bachelor’s degree and a Master’s degree in Accounting from Tianjin University of Finance and Economics. He also received a Master’s degree in Commerce from the University of Newcastle. Mr. Zhang is a Certified Management Accountant in Australia. Mr. Zhang was chosen as a director because of his financial experience.  

 

Employment Agreements

 

Under Chinese law, we may only terminate employment agreements without cause and without penalty by providing notice of non-renewal one month prior to the date on which the employment agreement is scheduled to expire. If we fail to provide this notice or if we wish to terminate an employment agreement in the absence of cause, then we are obligated to pay the employee one month’s salary for each year we have employed the employee. We are, however, permitted to terminate an employee for cause without penalty to our company, where the employee has committed a crime or the employee’s actions or inactions have resulted in a material adverse effect to us.

 

Our employment agreements with our executive officers generally provide for a term of three (3) years and a salary to be paid monthly. The agreements also provide that executive officers are to work an average of forty hours per week and are entitled to all legal holidays as well as other paid leave in accordance with PRC laws and regulations and our internal work policies. Under such agreements, our executive officers can be terminated for cause without further compensation. The employment agreements also provide that we will pay for all mandatory social security programs for our executive officers in accordance with PRC regulations. During the agreement and for one (1) year afterward, our executive officers are subject to keep trade secrets confidential.

 

26
 

 

Share Option Pool

 

In connection with our initial public offering, we established a pool for share options for our employees. This pool contains options to purchase up to 450,000 of our common shares. The options will vest at a rate of 20% per year for five years and have an exercise price of the market price of our shares on the date the options are granted. As of the date of this report, we have issued all 450,000 options out of our employee share option pool.

 

Board of Directors and Board Committees

 

Our board of directors currently consists of 5 directors. There are no family relationships between any of our executive officers and directors. The directors are divided into three classes. Class I directors shall face re-election at our annual general meeting of shareholders in 2013 and every three years thereafter. Class II directors shall face re-election at our annual general meeting of shareholders in 2014 and every three years thereafter. Class III directors shall face re-election at our annual general meeting of shareholders in 2015 and every three years thereafter.

 

A director may vote in respect of any contract or transaction in which he is interested, provided, however that the nature of the interest of any director in any such contract or transaction shall be disclosed by him at or prior to its consideration and any vote on that matter. A general notice or disclosure to the directors or otherwise contained in the minutes of a meeting or a written resolution of the directors or any committee thereof of the nature of a director’s interest shall be sufficient disclosure and after such general notice it shall not be necessary to give special notice relating to any particular transaction. A director may be counted for a quorum upon a motion in respect of any contract or arrangement which he shall make with our company, or in which he is so interested and may vote on such motion. There are no membership qualifications for directors. Further, there are no share ownership qualifications for directors unless so fixed by us in a general meeting.

 

The Board of Directors maintains a majority of independent directors who are deemed to be independent under the definition of independence provided by NASDAQ Stock Market Rule 4200(a)(15). Messrs. Fan, Zhang and Genhui Chen are our independent directors.

 

Mr. Ping Chen currently holds both the positions of Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. These two positions have not been consolidated into one position; Mr. Chen simply holds both positions at this time. We do not have a lead independent director because of the foregoing reason and also because we believe our independent directors are encouraged to freely voice their opinions on a relatively small company board. We believe this leadership structure is appropriate because we are a smaller reporting company in the process of listing on a public exchange; as such we deem it appropriate to be able to benefit from the guidance of Mr. Chen as both our principal executive officer and Chairman of the Board.

 

Board Committees

 

Currently, three committees have been established under the board: the audit committee, the compensation committee and the nominating committee. The audit committee is responsible for overseeing the accounting and financial reporting processes of our company and audits of the financial statements of our company, including the appointment, compensation and oversight of the work of our independent auditors. The compensation committee of the board of directors reviews and makes recommendations to the board regarding our compensation policies for our officers and all forms of compensation, and also administers our incentive compensation plans and equity-based plans (but our board retains the authority to interpret those plans). The nominating committee of the board of directors is responsible for the assessment of the performance of the board, considering and making recommendations to the board with respect to the nominations or elections of directors and other governance issues. The nominating committee considers diversity of opinion and experience when nominating directors.

 

Duties of Directors

 

Under British Virgin Islands law, our directors have a duty to act honestly, in good faith and with a view to our best interests. Our directors also have a duty to exercise the care, diligence and skills that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure compliance with our third amended and restated memorandum and articles of association. We have the right to seek damages if a duty owed by our directors is breached. The functions and powers of our board of directors include, among others:

 

appointing officers and determining the term of office of the officers;

 

27
 

 

authorizing the payment of donations to religious, charitable, public or other bodies, clubs, funds or associations as deemed advisable;

 

exercising the borrowing powers of the company and mortgaging the property of the company;

 

executing checks, promissory notes and other negotiable instruments on behalf of the company; and

 

maintaining or registering a register of mortgages, charges or other encumbrances of the company.

 

Limitation of Director and Officer Liability

 

British Virgin Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s memorandum and articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the British Virgin Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime.

 

Under our third amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, we may indemnify our directors, officers and liquidators against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with civil, criminal, administrative or investigative proceedings to which they are party or are threatened to be made a party by reason of their acting as our director, officer or liquidator. To be entitled to indemnification, these persons must have acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interest of the company and, in the case of criminal proceedings, they must have had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted for our directors or officers under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable as a matter of United States law.

 

Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings

 

To the best of our knowledge, none of our directors or executive officers has been convicted in a criminal proceeding, excluding traffic violations or similar misdemeanors, or has been a party to any judicial or administrative proceeding during the past ten years that resulted in a judgment, decree or final order enjoining the person from future violations of, or prohibiting activities subject to, federal or state securities laws, or a finding of any violation of federal or state securities or commodities laws, any laws respecting financial institutions or insurance companies, any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud in connection with any business entity or been subject to any disciplinary sanctions or orders imposed by a stock, commodities or derivatives exchange or other self-regulatory organization, except for matters that were dismissed without sanction or settlement.

 

Regulation S-K Item 405:

 

Based solely upon a review of Forms 3 and 4 and amendments thereto furnished to the Company under 17 CFR 240.16a-3(e) during its most recent fiscal year and Form 5 and amendments thereto furnished to the Company with respect to its most recent fiscal year, and any written representation referred to in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the Company is not aware of any director, officer, beneficial owner of more than ten percent of any class of equity securities of the Company registered pursuant to Section 12 that failed to file on a timely basis, as disclosed in the above Forms, reports required by Section 16(a) during the most recent fiscal year or prior years.

 

Regulation S-K Item 406:

 

The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics and has filed a copy of the Code of Ethics with the Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement.

 

Regulation S-K Item 407(c)(3):

 

None.

 

28
 

 

Regulation S-K Item 407(d)(4) and (5):

 

The Board of Directors maintains a majority of independent directors who are deemed to be independent under the definition of independence provided by NASDAQ Stock Market Rule 4200(a)(15). The Company has an audit committee, consisting solely of independent directors of the Company, Mr. Yunxiang (Phil) Fan, Mr. Genhui Chen and Mr. Mingwei Zhang. Mr. Zhang qualifies as the audit committee financial expert. The Company’s audit committee charter was filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s annual report for the year ended December 31, 2009 and is available on the Company’s website (www.dehaier.com.cn).

 

Item 11.  Executive Compensation.

 

Executive Compensation

 

The following table shows the annual compensation paid by us for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 to Ping Chen, our principal executive officer. No other officer had a salary during either of the previous two years of more than $100,000.

 

Summary Executive Compensation Table

 

Name and principal position   Year     Salary     Bonus     Option
Awards
    All Other
Compensation
    Total  
Ping Chen,     2012     $ 36,520     $ 0     $ 0     $ 0     $ 36,520  
Principal Executive Officer     2011     $ 35,656     $ 0     $ 183,000 (1)   $ 0     $ 218,656  

 

 

(1) On December 29, 2011, 150,000 share options were awarded to Mr. Chen, which options vest over a period of five years, the first 20% of which vested on December 29, 2012. The grant date fair value of the options is $1.22.

 

Director Compensation

 

All directors hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders at which their respective class of directors is re-elected and until their successors have been duly elected and qualified. There are no family relationships among our directors or executive officers. Officers are elected by and serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Employee directors do not receive any compensation for their services. Non-employee directors are entitled to receive payment for serving as directors and may receive option grants from our company. For service on our Board of Directors, Mr. Zhang receives $4,000 per year, and Mr. Fan and Mr. Genhui Chen receive $2,000 per meeting attended.

 

Summary Director Compensation Table

  

Name   Fees earned or paid in cash     Option awards     Total (1)  
Ping Chen (2)   $ 36,520     $ 0     $ 36,520  
Yunxiang (Phil) Fan   $ 4,000     $ 0     $ 4,000  
Jimin (Peter) Zhuo(3)   $ 4,000     $ 0     $ 4,000  
Genhui Chen   $ 0     $ 0     $ 0  
Weibing Yang (2)   $ 21,600     $ 0     $ 21,600  
Mingwei Zhang (4)   $ 4,000     $ 0     $ 4,000  

 

 

(1) None of the directors received any common share awards, option awards, nonqualified deferred compensation earnings or non-equity incentive plan compensation in fiscal year 2012.
(2) Mr. Ping Chen and Mr. Yang received compensation in their capacity as officers of our company and/or subsidiaries/affiliates but did not receive any compensation for serving as directors of our company.
(3) Mr. Zhuo ceased to be a director of our company on March 1, 2012.
(7) Mr. Zhang became a director of our company on March 1, 2012.

 

 

29
 

 

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

 

Plan category   Number of securities to
be issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights (a)
    Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights (b)
    Number of securities remaining
available for future issuance under
equity compensation plans
(excluding securities reflected in
column (a)) (c)
 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders     450,000     $ 1.45       0  

 

Principal Shareholders

 

The following table sets forth information with respect to beneficial ownership of our common shares as of March 18, 2013 by:

 

Each person who is known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our outstanding common shares;
Each of our directors and named executive officers; and
All directors and named executive officers as a group.

 

The number and percentage of common shares beneficially owned are based on 4,620,000 common shares outstanding as of March 18, 2013. Information with respect to beneficial ownership has been furnished by each director, officer or beneficial owner of more than 5% of our common shares. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally requires that such person have voting or investment power with respect to securities. In computing the number of common shares beneficially owned by a person listed below and the percentage ownership of such person, common shares underlying options, warrants or convertible securities held by each such person that are exercisable or convertible within 60 days of March 18, 2013 are deemed outstanding, but are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Except as otherwise indicated in the footnotes to this table, or as required by applicable community property laws, all persons listed have sole voting and investment power for all common shares shown as beneficially owned by them. Unless otherwise indicated in the footnotes, the address for each principal shareholder is in the care of BDL, Room 501, Jiuzhou Plaza, 83 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100856, People’s Republic of China. As of the date of this filing, we have ten (10) shareholders of record.

 

Named Executive Officers and Directors   Amount of Beneficial Ownership (1)     Percentage Ownership (2)  
Ping Chen, CEO, Director     1,134,742 (3)     24.56 %
Weibing Yang, VP of Sales and Marketing, Director     273,471 (4)     5.91 %
Yunxiang (Phil) Fan     8,000 (5)     *  
Genhui Chen     4,000 (5)     *  
Mingwei Zhang     0 (5)     *  
                 
All officers and directors as a group     1,368,213       29.97 %
Chen Ping Ltd.     1,104,742 (3)     24.20 %

 

* Less than 1%.
(1) Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and includes voting or investment power with respect to the common shares.
(2) The number of our common shares outstanding used in calculating the percentage for each listed person excludes the common shares underlying options held by such person.
(3) Ping Chen has the sole power to direct the voting and disposition of the 1,104,742 shares held by Chen Ping Ltd. The number also includes 30,000 shares underlying options, which will have vested within 60 days hereof.
(4) The number also includes 10,000 shares underlying options, which will have vested within 60 days hereof.
(5) The number represents shares underlying options, which will have vested within 60 days hereof.

 

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

 

Since the beginning of Dehaier’s last fiscal year, there have been no related party transactions required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404(d) of Regulation S-K.

 

30
 

 

Promoters and Certain Control Persons

 

We did not have any promoters at any time during the past five fiscal years. Except as set forth in our discussion above, none of our directors or officers has been involved in any transactions with us or any of our directors, executive officers, affiliates or associates which are required to be disclosed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.

 

Director Independence

 

The Board of Directors maintains a majority of independent directors who are deemed to be independent under the definition of independence provided by NASDAQ Stock Market Rule 4200(a)(15). Messrs. Fan, Zhang and Genhui Chen are our independent directors.

 

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

 

Friedman LLP was appointed by the Company to serve as its independent registered public accounting firm for fiscal 2011. Audit services provided by Friedman LLP for fiscal 2011 included the examination of the consolidated financial statements of the Company; and services related to periodic filings made with the SEC.

 

Fees Paid To Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

Audit Fees

 

During fiscal 2012 and 2011, Friedman LLP’s fees for the annual audit of our financial statements and the quarterly reviews of the financial statements were $181,000 and $175,000, respectively.

 

Audit Related Fees

 

The Company has not paid Friedman LLP for audit-related services in fiscal 2012 and 2011.

 

Tax Fees

 

The Company has not paid Friedman LLP for tax services in fiscal 2012 and 2011.

 

All Other Fees

 

The Company has not paid Friedman LLP for any other services in fiscal 2012 and 2011.

 

Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies

 

Before Friedman LLP was engaged by the Company to render audit or non-audit services, the engagement was approved by the Company’s audit committee. All services rendered by Friedman LLP have been so approved.

 

Percentage of Hours

 

The percentage of hours expended on the principal accountants’ engagement to audit our consolidated financial statements for 2012 that were attributed to work performed by persons other than Friedman LLP’s full-time permanent employees was 75%.

 

31
 

 

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.

 

The following documents are filed herewith:

 

Exhibit

Number

 

Document

   
 3(i).1   Third Amended and Restated Articles of Association of the Registrant (1)
   
3(ii).1   Third Amended and Restated Memorandum of Association of the Registrant (1)
   
     4.1   Specimen Share Certificate (1)
   
   10.1   Form of Share Option Plan (1)
   
   10.2   Translation of lease agreement for Product Center dated September 23, 2008 (1)
   
   10.3   Translation of Production Agreement with Friend of Health (Chuzhou) Medical Technology Co., Ltd. (1)
   
   10.4   Mortgage Contract between ICBC and BTL (1)
   
   10.5   Indemnification and Guarantee Contract between Ping Chen and BTL (1)
   
   10.6   Description of oral loan contract between BTL and BDL (1)
   
   10.7   Loss Absorption Agreement between BDL, BTL and shareholders of BTL (1)
   
   21.1   Subsidiaries of the Registrant (2)
   
   23.1   Consent of Friedman LLP, independent registered public accounting firm (2)
   
   31.1   Certifications pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15(d)-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (2)
   
   31.2   Certifications pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15(d)-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (2)
   
   32.1   Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (3)
   
   32.2   Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (3)
   
   99.1   Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (1)
   
   99.2   Audit Committee Charter (4)
     
   99.3  

Press release dated March 18, 2013, titled “Dehaier Medical Announces 2012 Fourth Quarter and Year End Financial Results.”

   
101.INS   XBRL Instance Document (3)
   
101.SCH   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document (3)
   
101.CAL   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document (3)
   
101.DEF   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document (3)
   
101.LAB   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document (3)
   
101.PRE   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document (3)

 

 

(1) Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1, File no. 333-163041, filed on November 12, 2009, as amended.
(2) Filed herewith.
(3) Furnished herewith.
(4) Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 10-K, File no. 001-34661, filed on March 31, 2010.

 

32
 

 

SIGNATURES

 

In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the Company caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

    DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED
     
March 18, 2013   By:  

/s/ PING CHEN

        Ping Chen
        Chief Executive Officer
        (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

 

Signature

 

Title

 

Date

     

/s/ PING CHEN

  Chief Executive Officer and Director   March 18, 2013
Ping Chen    (Principal Executive Officer)    
     

/s/ JINGLI (CHARLES) LI

  Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)   March 18, 2013
Jingli (Charles) Li        
     

/s/ WEIBING YANG

  Director   March 18, 2013
Weibing Yang        
     

/s/ GENHUI CHEN

  Director   March 18, 2013
Genhui Chen        
     

/s/ PHIL FAN

  Director   March 18, 2013
Phil Fan        
     

/s/ MINGWEI ZHANG

  Director   March 18, 2013
Mingwei Zhang        

 

 
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS   PAGE  
       
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm   F-2  
       
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011   F-3  
       
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011   F-4  
       
Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011   F-5  
       
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011   F-6  
       
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements   F-7  

 

F- 1
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

 

 

 

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited

 

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Dehaier Medical Systems Limited and Affiliate as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, cash flows and equity for the years then ended. Dehaier Medical Systems Limited and Affiliate’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Dehaier Medical Systems Limited and Affiliate as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

 

 

 

/s/ Friedman LLP

 

New York, New York

March 18, 2013

 

 

 

 

F- 2
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

    December 31,  
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
             
ASSETS                
CURRENT ASSETS:                
Cash and cash equivalents     3,505,330       3,694,486  
Accounts receivable
-less allowance for doubtful accounts of $865,769 and $859,509
    11,960,193       12,159,842  
Contract Deposits     3,027,616       2,110,942  
Other receivables, net     556,635       411,194  
Advances to Suppliers     4,470,756       4,348,847  
Prepayment and other current assets     4,069,975       2,365,154  
Inventories, net     4,654,827       5,532,311  
Tax receivable     328,208       888,452  
Deferred tax asset     119,437       118,030  
Total Current Assets     32,692,977       31,629,258  
                 
Property and equipment, net     2,895,523       3,348,533  
Intangible assets, net     2,694,439       -  
Total Assets     38,282,939       34,977,791  
                 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY                
CURRENT LIABILITIES:                
Short-term borrowings     2,407,200       1,585,890  
Accounts payable     37,640       32,925  
Advances from customers     248,940       303,000  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities     406,452       349,158  
Taxes payable     401,574       2,042,048  
Warranty obligation     338,671       334,680  
Total Current Liabilities     3,840,477       4,647,701  
                 
OTHER LIABILITIES                
Warrants liability     374,166       96,469  
Total Liabilities     4,214,643       4,744,170  
                 
Commitments and Contingency                
Equity                
Common shares, $0.002731 par value, 18,307,038 shares authorized, 4,620,000 and 4,560,000 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively     12,618       12,454  
Additional paid in capital     13,500,847       13,281,374  
Retained earnings     16,147,723       12,941,572  
Accumulated other comprehensive income     2,967,202       2,585,488  
Total Dehaier Medical Systems Limited shareholders' equity     32,628,390       28,820,888  
Non-controlling interest     1,439,906       1,412,733  
Total equity     34,068,296       30,233,621  
Total liabilities and equity     38,282,939       34,977,791  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F- 3
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

 

    For the years ended
December 31,
 
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Revenue     21,370,325       21,639,283  
                 
Costs of revenue     (13,254,587 )     (13,696,743 )
                 
Gross profit     8,115,738       7,942,540  
                 
Service income     300,338       281,656  
Service expenses     (71,376 )     (113,861 )
General and administrative expense     (2,599,368 )     (2,620,845 )
Selling expense     (1,357,972 )     (1,877,303 )
                 
Operating Income     4,387,360       3,612,187  
                 
Financial expenses ( including interest expense of $149,488 and $82,136)     (151,720 )     (86,712 )
Other income     23,872       34,965  
Other expense     (173 )     (232 )
Change in fair value of warrants liability     (180,192 )     221,640  
                 
Income before provision for income tax and non-controlling interest     4,079,147       3,781,848  
                 
Provision for income tax     (862,795 )     (656,297 )
                 
Net income     3,216,352       3,125,551  
                 
Non-Controlling interest in income     (10,201 )     (22,431 )
                 
Net income attributable to Dehaier Medical Systems Limited     3,206,151       3,103,120  
                 
Net income     3,216,352       3,125,551  
                 
Other comprehensive income                
Foreign currency translation adjustments     398,686       1,174,044  
                 
Comprehensive Income     3,615,038       4,299,595  
Comprehensive income attributable to the non-controlling interest     (27,173 )     (85,442 )
                 
Comprehensive income attributable to Dehaier Medical Systems Limited     3,587,865       4,214,153  
                 
Earnings per share                
-Basic     0.70       0.69  
-Diluted     0.70       0.69  
                 
Weighted average number of common shares used in computation                
-Basic     4,578,151       4,514,329  
-Diluted     4,601,907       4,514,329  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F- 4
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

 

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited
    Common stock     Additional
Paid-in
Capital
    Retained
Earnings
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income
    Non-controlling
interest
    Total  
    Shares     US$     US$     US$     US$     US$     US$  
Balance as of January 1, 2011     4,500,000       12,290       13,137,085       9,838,452       1,474,455       1,327,291       25,789,573  
                                                         
Issuance of 10,000 shares to non-employees.     10,000       27       59,273       -       -       -       59,300  
Issuance of 50,000 shares to non-employees.     50,000       137       84,113       -       -       -       84,250  
Issuance of 450,000 options to employees, officers and directors     -       -       903       -       -       -       903  
Foreign currency translation     -       -       -       -       1,111,033       63,011       1,174,044  
Net income     -       -       -       3,103,120       -       22,431       3,125,551  
Balance as of December 31, 2011     4,560,000       12,454       13,281,374       12,941,572       2,585,488       1,412,733       30,233,621  
                                                         
Issuance of 5,000 shares to non-employee     5,000       14       11,086                               11,100  
Issuance of 5,000 shares to non-employee     5,000       14       12,361                               12,375  
Issuance of 20,000 shares to non-employee     20,000       55       31,945                               32,000  
Issuance of 20,000 shares to non-employee     20,000       54       35,945                               35,999  
Issuance of 10,000 shares to non-employee     10,000       27       17,973                               18,000  
Stock based Compensation     -       -       110,163                               110,163  
Foreign currency translation                                     381,714       16,972       398,686  
Net income                             3,206,151               10,201       3,216,352  
                                                         
Balance as of December 31, 2012     4,620,000       12,618       13,500,847       16,147,723       2,967,202       1,439,906       34,068,296  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F- 5
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

    For the years ended
December 31,
 
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Cash flows from operating activities                
                 
Net income     3,216,352       3,125,551  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities                
Stock-based compensation expense     314,479       144,453  
Depreciation and amortization     552,086       450,518  
Change in fair value of warrants liability     180,192       (221,640 )
(Recovery of) Provision for doubtful accounts     (3,939 )     749,280  
Provision for doubtful accounts - other receivables     598,747       -  
Provision for warranty reserve     -       37,303  
Deferred tax benefit     -       (118,030 )
Changes in assets and liabilities:                
Decrease (Increase) in accounts receivable     344,341       (3,797,045 )
Increase in prepayments and other current assets     (1,730,704 )     (1,413,176 )
Decrease (Increase) in other receivables     (1,617,781 )     642,287  
Decrease in inventories     931,844       842,052  
Decrease in tax receivable     563,816       2,630,467  
Increase in accounts payable     4,271       3,607  
(Decrease)Increase in advances from customers     (56,965 )     33,811  
Increase in accrued expenses and other current liabilities     52,482       14,470  
Decrease in taxes payable     (1,644,345 )     (6,285,660 )
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities     1,704,876       (3,161,752 )
                 
Cash flows from investing activities                
Capital expenditures and other additions     (11,054 )     (153,061 )
Software Copyrights     (2,715,453 )     -  
Advances to related parties     -       (2,358 )
Net cash used in investing activities     (2,726,507 )     (155,419 )
                 
Cash flows from financing activities                
Proceeds from bank loan     2,373,145       1,542,680  
Repayment of bank loan     (1,580,436 )     (1,533,604 )
Net cash provided by financing activities     792,709       9,076  
                 
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents     39,766       1,079,195  
                 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents     (189,156 )     (2,228,900 )
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year     3,694,486       5,923,386  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year     3,505,330       3,694,486  
                 
Supplemental cash flow information                
Income tax paid     1,416,958       1,906,763  
Interest paid     149,488       82,136  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F- 6
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

1. ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

 

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited (“Dehaier”) was incorporated in the British Virgin Islands in 2003 as a limited liability company. Dehaier distributes and provides after-sale services for medical equipment in China mainly through its majority-owned subsidiary Beijing Dehaier Medical Technology Co. Limited (“BDL”) and its affiliate Beijing Dehaier Technology Limited (“BTL”). On November 9, 2011, Dehaier established a wholly-owned subsidiary in the United States, Breathcare LLC (“Breathcare”). Both BDL and BTL were incorporated in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). Dehaier, through its subsidiaries and affiliate, distributes branded, proprietary medical equipment, such as sleep apnea machines, ventilator air compressors, and oxygen generators. Standard product registration, product certification and quality management system have been established; ISO13485 industry standard has also already been passed. It also has the distribution rights for a number of international medical equipment suppliers for products including anesthesia equipment, patient monitors, mobile C-arm X-ray machines and other medical equipment accessories.

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Basis of Consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Dehaier, and its majority-owned and wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). All significant inter-company transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.

 

A group of shareholders, including the Chief Executive Officer, originally held more than 50% of the voting ownership interest of Dehaier, BDL and BTL. BTL owns a building which is pledged as collateral for BDL’s bank loans. In exchange, BDL loans money to BTL to finance its operations. BTL’s primary operation is to provide repairs and transportation services to BDL’s customers. Because of these arrangements, BDL is the primary beneficiary of BTL, as the entity that is most closely associated with BTL. BTL is considered a variable interest entity(“VIE”). Management makes ongoing reassessments of whether BDL is the primary beneficiary of BTL.

 

The carrying amount and classification of BTL’s assets and liabilities included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:

 

    December 31,  
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Total current assets     240,420       425,464  
Total assets     1,457,986       1,448,432  
Total current liabilities     18,080       35,699  
Total liabilities     18,080       35,699  

 

The accounts of BTL are consolidated in the accompanying financial statements pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810-10, “Consolidation”. As a VIE, BTL’s revenues are included in the Company’s service income, and its income from operations is consolidated with the Company’s. Because of the arrangements, the Company had a pecuniary interest in BTL that requires consolidation of the Company’s and BTL’s financial statements.

 

F- 7
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Estimates are adjusted to reflect actual experience when necessary. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, warranty obligation, warrants liability, stock-based compensation and useful lives of intangible assets, and property and equipment. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and highly liquid investments which are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use, and which have maturities of three months or less when purchased. The Company maintains uninsured cash and cash equivalents with various financial institutions mainly in the PRC and the States.

 

Accounts Receivable

 

Accounts receivable are recorded at net realizable value. Accounts receivable terms typically are net 60-180 days from the end of the month in which the services were provided, or when goods were delivered. The Company generally does not require collateral or other security to support accounts receivable. An allowance, if required, is based on a combination of historical experience, aging analysis, and an evaluation of the collectibility of specific accounts. Management considers that receivables over 1 year to be past due. Management has determined that an allowance of $865,769 (RMB5,394,874) and $859,509 (RMB5,419,725) was appropriate at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

Other Receivables, Net

 

Other receivables primarily include advances to employees and advance to suppliers. Management regularly reviews aging of receivables and changes in payment trends and records a reserve when management believes collection of amounts due are at risk. Accounts considered uncollectible are written off after exhaustive efforts at collection. Management has determined that an allowance of $598,747 was appropriate at December 31, 2012.

 

Advances to Suppliers and Advances from Customers

 

The Company, as is the common practice in the PRC, often makes advance payments to suppliers for unassembled parts, or receives advance payments from customers. Advances to suppliers were $4,470,756 and 4,348,847 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Advances from customers were $248,940 and $303,000 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

F- 8
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements for current assets and current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments.

 

The Company follows the provisions of ASC topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”. ASC topic 815 provides a framework for determining whether an instrument is indexed to an entity's own stock. Warrants are indexed to the Company's stock, which is traded in US dollars. Since the Company's functional currency is the RMB, such warrants are considered liabilities. The fair value of the warrants liability is measured each reporting period with the resulting change in fair value recorded in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income (see Note 14).

 

The accounting standards regarding fair value of financial instruments and related fair value measurements define fair value, and establish a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value.

 

The three levels are defined as follows:

 

· Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

 

· Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

 

· Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

 

Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The fair value of the warrants was determined using the Black Scholes Model, with level 2 inputs.

 

Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market and consist of assembled and unassembled parts relating to medical devices. The Company reviews its inventory annually for possible obsolete goods and to determine if any reserves are necessary. The reserve for obsolescence was $51,764 (RMB322,556) for each of 2012 and 2011, and the provision, when necessary, is included in the operating expenses in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.

 

F- 9
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are calculated on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:

 

Leasehold improvements Shorter of the useful lives or the lease term
Building and land use rights 20-40 years
Machinery and equipment 10-15 years
Furniture and office equipment 5 years
Motor vehicles 5 years

 

Intangible Assets

 

Intangible assets are recorded at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:

 

Leasehold improvements Shorter of the useful lives or the lease term
Software copyrights 20 years
Other software 5 years

 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may no longer be recoverable. When these events occur, the Company compares the carrying value of the long-lived assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, the Company applies a discount rate to the estimated cash flows, and an impairment loss, equal to the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the asset, is recognized. Management has determined no impairment exists at the balance sheet dates.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes revenues when all the followings conditions have been satisfied:

*Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists;

*Delivery and/or installation has occurred (e.g., risks and rewards of ownership have passed);

*The sales price is fixed or determinable; and,

*Collectibility is reasonably assured.

 

All revenues are based on firm customer orders with fixed terms and conditions. Because the products are assembled to the customers’ specification, there is no right of return. The Company does not provide its customers with price protection or cash rebates. For products that include software, the software is an off-the-shelf package and an integral part of the products being delivered. The Company does not provide any significant post-sale customer support services and does not provide customers with upgrades. The software is incidental to the product as a whole. For products that do not require installation, revenues are recognized when the products are delivered. For products that require installation, revenues are recognized when the installation is completed.

 

For all service income, the Company recognizes the revenue upon the completion of the repairs when the equipment has been returned to and accepted by the customers.

 

In the PRC, value added tax (VAT) of 17% of the invoice amount is collected in respect of the sales of goods on behalf of tax authorities. The VAT collected is not revenue of the Company; instead, the amount is recorded as a liability on the balance sheet until such VAT is paid to the authorities.

 

F- 10
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Cost of Revenues

 

Cost of revenues primarily includes wages to assemble parts and the costs of unassembled parts, handling charges, and other expenses associated with the assembly and distribution of product.

 

Service income and expense

 

Service income and expense represents activities related to repair services provided for the customers by BTL.

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

The accounts of Dehaier, BDL, BTL and Breathcare are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the “functional currency”). The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in US dollars. Foreign currency transactions are translated into US dollars using fixed exchange rates in effect at the time of the transaction. Generally, foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions are recognized in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. The foreign currency accounts of BDL and BTL are translated in accordance with ASC 830-10, “Foreign Currency Matters”. Assets and liabilities are translated at current exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China at the balance sheet dates and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates in effect during the periods. Resulting translation adjustments are recorded as other comprehensive income (loss) and accumulated as a separate component of equity

 

Warranty Costs

 

The Company provides for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. The Company's warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates and material usage and service delivery costs incurred in correcting product failure. Should actual product failure rates, material usage or service delivery costs differ from the Company's estimates, the Company may revise its estimated product warranty liability. The term of the product warranty is generally twelve months. The reserve for warranty costs was $338,671 and $334,680 at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Warranty expense for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 was $97,937 and $18,926, respectively.

 

Research and Development Costs

 

Research and development costs relating to the development of new products and processes, including significant improvements and refinements to existing products, are expensed as incurred, Research and development costs were $230,854 and $268,038 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

Shipping and Handling Expenses

 

Shipping and handling expenses of $58,078 and $91,017 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 were included in the operating expenses in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, respectively.

 

Advertising Costs

 

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred, Advertising costs were $56,656 and $232,400 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

F- 11
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Earnings per Share

 

The Company follows the provisions of ASC 260-10, “Earnings per Share”. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to holders of common shares by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the years. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common shares were exercised or converted into common shares. Common stock equivalents having an anti-dilutive effect on earnings per share are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share.

 

Value Added Tax

 

The Company reports revenues net of PRC’s value added tax for all the periods presented in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company follows the provisions of ASC 718-10, “Compensation-Stock Compensation”. The Company has a share incentive plan which authorizes the issuance of up to 10% of the number of shares outstanding. Pursuant to the plan, the Company may issue options to purchase its common shares to employees and directors of the Company and its affiliates. The Company fair values share-based awards granted under the plan. Accordingly, compensation is measured on the grant date using appropriate valuation models.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740-10, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Under this method, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of: (i) taxes payable or refundable for the current year; and, (ii) deferred tax consequences of temporary differences resulting from matters that have been recognized in an entity’s financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if, based on the weight of available positive and negative evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company recorded a deferred tax asset for the temporary differences arising from allowance for doubtful accounts and certain accrued expenses. The Company believes it can utilize the deferred tax asset to offset future taxable income. Therefore, no valuation allowance has been provided as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.

 

F- 12
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Income Taxes (Continued)

 

ASC 740-10 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition of a tax position taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. Under ASC 740-10, a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position taken or expected to be taken may be recognized only if it is “more likely than not” that the position is sustainable upon examination, based on its technical merits. The tax benefit of a qualifying position under ASC 740-10 would equal the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority having full knowledge of all the relevant information. A liability (including interest and penalties, if applicable) is established in the financial statements to the extent a current benefit has been recognized on a tax return for matters that are considered contingent upon the outcome of an uncertain tax position. Related interest and penalties, if any, are included as components of income tax expense and income taxes payable. The Company had filed its 2008 and 2009 Value Added Tax (“VAT”) returns for some of its customers during the year ended December 31, 2011 and 2012. All the potential VAT liabilities on these VAT returns occurred in current period were also accrued as incurred and included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

 

The implementation of ASC 740-10 resulted in no material liability for unrecognized tax benefits. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense in the statements of income and comprehensive income. During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company did not incur any interest or penalties.

 

Income tax returns for the year prior to 2010 are no longer subject to examination by tax authorities.

 

Reclassification

 

Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

 

The FASB has issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2013-02, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, to improve the transparency of reporting these reclassifications. Other comprehensive income includes gains and losses that are initially excluded from net income for an accounting period. Those gains and losses are later reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income into net income. The amendments in the ASU do not change the current requirements for reporting net income or other comprehensive income in financial statements. All of the information that this ASU requires already is required to be disclosed elsewhere in the financial statements under U.S. GAAP. The amendments are effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012, for public companies and are effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013, for private companies. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption will not have any material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

The FASB has issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. The main objective in developing this Update is to address implementation issues about the scope of Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-11, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. The objective of this Update is to clarify the scope of the offsetting disclosures and address any unintended consequences. The amendments clarify that the scope of Update 2011-11 applies to derivatives accounted for in accordance with Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, including bifurcated embedded derivatives, repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing and securities lending transactions that are either offset in accordance with Section 210-20-45 or Section 815-10-45 or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement. The amendments in this Update affect entities that have derivatives accounted for in accordance with Topic 815, including bifurcated embedded derivatives, repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing and securities lending transactions that are either offset in accordance with Section 210-20-45 or Section 815-10-45 or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement. Entities with other types of financial assets and financial liabilities subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement also are affected because these amendments make them no longer subject to the disclosure requirements in Update 2011-11. An entity is required to apply the amendments for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. The adoption of this accounting standard will not have any material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

F- 13
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

3. OTHER RECEIVABLES, NET

 

Other receivables consist of the following:

 

    December 31,  
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Due from suppliers     1,101,866       350,679  
Employee advances     53,516       60,515  
      1,155,382       411,194  
Allowance for doubtful accounts     (598,747 )     -  
      556,635       411,194  

 

4. PREPAYMENT AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

 

Prepayment and other current assets consist of the following:

 

    December 31,  
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Prepayment for equipment purchase     3,808,938       2,300,415  
Other prepaid expenses     261,037       64,739  
      4,069,975       2,365,154  

 

5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

 

Property and equipment consist of the following:

 

    December 31,  
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Buildings     1,365,717       1,349,624  
Land use rights     311,973       308,297  
Plant and machinery     2,980,087       2,973,593  
Automobiles     43,706       43,869  
Office and computer equipment     524,154       503,833  
      5,225,637       5,179,216  
                 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization     (2,330,114 )     (1,830,683 )
Property and equipment, net     2,895,523       3,348,533  

 

At December 31, 2012 and 2011, BTL’s building was pledged to a bank as collateral for short-term borrowings of RMB15,000,000 (US$2,407,200) and RMB10,000,000(US$1,585,890), respectively (see Note 8).

 

Depreciation and amortization expense was $471,727 and $450,518, for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 , respectively.

 

F- 14
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Land Use Rights

 

There is no private ownership of land in China. Land is owned by the government and the government grants land use rights for specified terms. The Company’s land use rights are reported at the purchase price (RMB1,944,000 in 2002).

 

6. INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

 

    December 31,     December 31,  
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Software Copyright     2,733,062       -  
Others     42,736       -  
      2,775,798       -  
                 
Less: Accumulated and amortization     (81,359 )     -  
Intangible assets, net     2,694,439       -  

 

Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 was $80,359 and $0, respectively. Annual future amortization expense at December 31, for each of the next five years is $265,000 and $1,369,000 thereafter.

 

7. TAX RECEIVABLE

 

Tax receivable consists of the following:

    December 31,     December 31,  
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Value added tax receivable     328,208       888,452  

 

Enterprises or individuals, who sell commodities, engage in repair and maintenance or import and export goods in the PRC are subject to a VAT in accordance with Chinese laws. The standard VAT is 17% of the gross sales price. A credit is available whereby VAT paid on the purchases of unassembled medical components of the Company’s product used in contract and production can be used to offset the VAT due on sales of the product.

 

The tax receivable as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 represents VAT credit on the purchased products. These amounts can be used to offset the VAT due on sales of the finished product.

 

F- 15
 

 

8. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS

 

The Company has a line of credit for $1,604,800 (RMB10,000,000) with a commercial bank in China to finance its working capital. The credit line bears interest at a variable rate and is renewed annually. Average interest rates for the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 were 6.60% and 5.78%, respectively. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, the line of credit is secured by BTL’s building (see note 5) and guaranteed by BDL and an officer of the Company.

 

On May 14, 2012, the bank renewed the Company's credit line that bears interest at a variable rate with payments due on March 14, 2013 and May 14, 2013 for RMB3,000,000 and RMB7,000,000, respectively.

 

On February 2, 2012, the Company entered into a new loan agreement with Nanjing Bank Company Limited (Beijing Branch) in the amount of $802,400 (RMB5,000,000) with floating interest rate which was approximately 8.2% per year, due on January 30, 2013 (See note 19). Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, the line of credit is guaranteed by an officer of the Company.

 

Interest expense on short-borrowings for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 amounted to $149,488 and 82,136, respectively.

 

F- 16
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

9. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

 

Accrued expenses and other payables consist of the following:

 

    December 31,  
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Accrued salaries and social welfare     259,774       247,973  
Accrued expenses     60,542       34,689  
Other payables, non-trade vendors     51,591       14,195  
Deposit from customer     34,545       52,301  
      406,452       349,158  

 

10. TAXES PAYABLE

 

Taxes payable consist of the following:

 

    December 31,  
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Value added tax     144,845       1,196,630  
Enterprise income tax     229,854       781,599  
Employee withholding taxes     2,533       2,014  
Business tax     161       771  
City construction tax     24,181       61,034  
      401,574       2,042,048  

 

11. NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST

 

Non-controlling interest consists of the following:

 

    December 31,  
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Original paid-in capital     384,211       384,211  
Retained Earnings     754,894       744,693  
Accumulated other comprehensive income     300,801       283,829  
      1,439,906       1,412,733  

 

F- 17
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCY

 

Leases

 

The lease commitments are for office premises and a warehouse facility, all of which are classified as operating leases. These non-cancelable leases have lease terms expiring through December 2014. Approximate future minimum lease payments under these leases at December 31, 2012, are $97,589 for the twelve months ending December 31, 2013 and $46,862 for the twelve months ending December 31, 2014.

 

Rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 was $124,373 and $161,362, respectively.

 

Employment Contracts

 

Under the PRC labor law, all employees have signed employment contracts with the Company. Management employees have employment contracts with terms up to three years and non-management employees have a one year employment contract renewable on an annual basis.

 

Contingency

 

The Labor Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China, requires employers to assure the liability of the severance payments if employees are terminated and have been working for the employers for at least two years prior to January 1, 2008. The Company has estimated its possible severance payments of approximately $269,656 and $235,000 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, which have not been reflected in its consolidated financial statements, because it is more likely than not that this will not be paid or incurred.

 

13. EQUITY

 

Common Shares

 

On March 8, 2011, Dehaier issued 10,000 unregistered common shares to an investment relations firm in connection with the investment advice rendered for the Company. The fair value of the shares on the grant date based on the closing price was $59,300.

 

On November 16, 2011, Dehaier issued 50,000 unregistered common shares to a consulting firm in connection with the financial advisory services rendered for the Company. The fair value of the shares on the grant date based on the closing price was $84,250.

 

During 2012, Dehaier issued 60,000 restrict unregistered common shares to independent consultants in connection with investment counseling and financial advisory services rendered for the Company. The fair value of the shares on the grant date based on the closing price was approximately $109,000.

 

F- 18
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

13. EQUITY (CONTINUED)

 

Statutory Surplus Reserves

 

A PRC company is required to make appropriations to statutory surplus reserve, based on after-tax net income determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles of the PRC (“ PRC GAAP ”). Appropriations to the statutory surplus reserve is required to be at least 10% of the after tax net income determined in accordance with PRC GAAP until the reserve is equal to 50% of the entity’s’ registered capital. 

 

The statutory surplus reserve fund is non-distributable other than during liquidation and can be used to fund previous years’ losses, if any, and may be utilized for business expansion or converted into share capital by issuing new shares to existing shareholders in proportion to their shareholding or by increasing the par value of shares currently held by them, provided that the remaining statutory surplus reserve balance after such issue is not less than 25% of the registered capital.

 

Since Dehaier is a British Virgin Islands’ company, it will not be subject to the statutory surplus reserve provisions. BDL is a joint-venture company and the statutory surplus reserve provisions will be determined by its board of directors. As of March 18, 2013, BDL’s board of directors has not yet made such determination. Therefore, no amount was allocated to the statutory surplus reserve account.

 

BTL appropriated 10% of its net profits as statutory surplus reserve, which is included as part of the non-controlling interest in the equity section. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, statutory surplus reserve activity was as follows: 

 

    December 31,  
    2012
US$
    2011
US$
 
             
Balance – beginning of year     74,469       72,226  
Addition to statutory reserves     1,020       2,243  
Balance –end of year     75,489       74,469  

 

Stock Option Plan

 

Under the employee stock option plan, the Company’s stock options expire five years from the date of grant. On December 29, 2011, the Company entered into five-year agreements with its employees and directors. In connection with their services, the Company issued an aggregate of 450,000 options to acquire the Company’s common shares at an exercise price of $1.45 per share. The options vest in equal annual installments over the five years of the agreements ending December 31, 2016. As of December 31, 2012, 360,000 options have not been vested.

 

The Company valued the stock options using the Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions:

 

    Expected
Terms
(years)
    Expected
Volatility
    Dividend
Yield
    Risk Free
Interest Rate
    Grant Date
Fair Value
 
Employees     5       126 %     0 %     0.83 %     1.22  
Directors and officers     5       126 %     0 %     0.83 %     1.22  

 

F- 19
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

13. EQUITY (CONTINUED)

 

Stock Option Plan (Continued)

 

The following is a summary of the option activity:

 

Stock options   Shares     Weighted Average
Exercise Price
    Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2010     -                  
Granted     450,000     $          
Forfeited     -                  
Exercised     -                  
Outstanding as of December 31, 2011     450,000     $ 1.45     $ -  
Granted     -                  
Forfeited     -                  
Exercised     -                  
Outstanding as of December 31, 2012     450,000     $ 1.45     $ 400,500  

 

Following is a summary of the status of options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2012:

 

Outstanding options     Exercisable options  
Average
Exercise
price
    Number     Average remaining
contractual life
(years)
    Average
Exercise
price
    Number     Average remaining
contractual life
(years)
 
$ 1.45       450,000       4     $ 1.45       90,000       4  

 

For the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company recognized $110,163 and $903, respectively, as compensation expense under its stock option plan.

 

F- 20
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

14. WARRANTS

 

On April 21, 2010, the Company issued to Anderson & Strudwick Incorporated (“A&S”) 150,000 warrants, as a portion of the placement commission for the IPO. On the same day, the Company granted a total of 7,500 warrants to Hawk Associates Inc.(“Hawks”), the Company’s investor relations consultancy. On January 10, 2012, the Company issued 100,000 warrants to FirsTrust Group, Inc., (“FirsTrust”), the Company’s investor relations consultancy totaling 257,500 warrants. All the warrants issued to “A&S” have the right to purchase one share of common stock for an exercise price of $10.00 per share with a term of 5 years. All the warrants granted to Hawks have the right to purchase one share of common stock for an exercise price of $9.60 per share with a term of 5 years. All the warrants granted to FirsTrust have the right to purchase one share of common stock for an exercise price of $4.00 per share with a term of 5 years.

 

The fair value of the outstanding warrants at December 31, 2012 was calculated using the Black Scholes Model with the following assumptions:

 

Market price per share (USD/share)   1.93
Exercise price (USD/share)   $4.00, $9.60, $10.00
Risk free rate   0.25%, 0.25%, 0.75%
Dividend yield   -
Expected term/Contractual life (years)   2.30, 2.30, 4.02
Expected volatility   187.1%

 

F- 21
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

14. WARRANTS (CONTINUED)

 

The following table sets forth by level within the fair value hierarchy our financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.

 

    Carrying Value at
December 31, 2012
    Fair Value Measurement at
December 31, 2012
 
          Level 1     Level 2     Level 3  
Warrants liability   $ 374,166     $ -     $ 374,166     $ -  
                                 

 

    Carrying Value at
December 31, 2011
    Fair Value Measurement at
December 31, 2011
 
          Level 1     Level 2     Level 3  
Warrants liability   $ 96,469     $ -     $ 96,469     $ -  
                                 

 

The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of warrants liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs:

 

    December 31,
2012
    December 31,
2011
 
    US$     US$  
Beginning balance     96,469       318,109  
Warrants issued     97,505       -  
Fair value change of the issued warrants included in earnings     180,192       (221,640 )
Ending balance     374,166       96,469  

Following is a summary of the warrants activity:

 

    Number     Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
    Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
 
Outstanding as of January 1, 2011     157,500     $          
Granted     -                  
Forfeited     -                  
Exercised     -                  
Outstanding as of December 31, 2011     157,500     $ 9.98       3.31  
Granted     100,000                  
Forfeited     -                  
Exercised     -                  
Outstanding as of December 31, 2012     257,500     $ 7.66       2.97  

 

F- 22
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

15. Earnings Per Share

 

The following is a reconciliation of the basic and diluted earnings per share computation for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011:

 

    Year ended  
    December 31,  
    2012     2011  
Basic earnings per share                
Net income available to the company’s common shareholders   $ 3,206,151     $ 3,103,120  
Weighted average shares outstanding - Basic     4,578,151       4,514,329  
Earnings per share - Basic   $ 0.70     $ 0.69  
                 
                 
Diluted earnings per share                
Net income available to the company’s common shareholders   $ 3,206,151     $ 3,103,120  
Weighted average shares outstanding - Basic     4,578,151       4,514,329  
Options     23,756       -  
Weighted shares outstanding - Diluted     4,601,907       4,514,329  
Earnings per share - Diluted   $ 0.70     $ 0.69  

 

For the year ended December 31, 2012, 23,756 shares of the 450,000 stock options were exercisable and included in the diluted EPS calculation.

 

F- 23
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

16. INCOME TAXES

 

British Virgin Islands

 

Dehaier is a tax-exempt company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands. BDL and BTL were incorporated in the PRC and are governed by the PRC laws.

 

PRC

 

PRC enterprise income tax is calculated based on the Enterprise Income Tax Law (the “EIT Law”). Under the EIT Law, a unified enterprise income tax rate of 25% and unified tax deduction standards will be applied equally to both domestic-invested enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises.

 

Under the current PRC laws, PRC government grants a preferential income tax rate of 15% to government-certified high technology companies, and under the new standard the period of validity for the certification of high technology companies is three years. In 2009 and 2012 BD L updated its certification for “high technology” company. Therefore, BDL used a 15% income tax rate to calculate the income tax expense for the years ended December 31 , 2012 and 2011 .

 

The tax rate for BTL is 25% in 2012 and 2011

 

A reconciliation of income tax expense and the amount computed by applying the statutory income tax rate to the income before income tax provision is as follows:

 

    Year Ended December 31  
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Tax computed at statutory rate     852,640       774,327  
Decrease in income taxes resulting from temporary differences     -       (118,030 )
Others     10,155       -  
      862,795       656,297  

 

Provision (Benefit) for income taxes consists of:

    Year Ended December 31  
    2012     2011  
    US$     US$  
Current provision     862,795       774,327  
Deferred provision (benefit)     -       (118,030 )
Total provision for income taxes     862,795       656,297  

 

United States

Breathcare is a limited liability company and, such as, is not subject to federal income tax. Moreover, as of December 31, 2012, Breathcare was inactive and generate no revenue.

 

F- 24
 

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

17. OTHER INCOME

 

For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company received approximately $23,871 (RMB150,600) and $27,423 (RMB177,200), respectively, from the local government in China as subsidy income.

 

18. CONCENTRATIONS

 

Major Customers

 

For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, approximately 13% of the Company’s revenues were received from each of two customers.

 

At December 31, 2011, receivables from two customers were approximately 12% and 10%, respectively. No customer represented more than 10% of amounts receivable at December 31, 2012.

 

Major Suppliers

 

At December 31, 2012 and 2011, payables due to three suppliers were approximately 34%, 33%, 19% and 50%, 8%, 6%, respectively.

 

Revenues

 

For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company’s top three selling products accounted, in the aggregate, for approximately 68% and 27%, respectively, of its total net revenues.

 

The following represents the revenues by product line, all derived from China:

 

    For the years ended
December 31,
 
    2012     2011  
  US$     US$  
Products Line            
             
Medical Devices     18,547,635       19,362,673  
Respiratory and Oxygen Homecare     2,822,690       2,276,610  
      21,370,325       21,639,283  

 

19. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

 

On February 4, 2013, the Company repaid the loan in the amount of $802,400 (RMB5,000,000) with Nanjing Bank Company Limited (Beijing Branch).

 

On March 5, 2013, the Company entered into a new loan agreement with Nanjing Bank Company Limited (Beijing Branch) in the amount of $802,400 (RMB5,000,000) with a floating interest rate which will be approximately 7.5% in 2013. The loan is due on March 4, 2014. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, the line of credit is guaranteed by an officer of the Company.

 

On March 14, 2013, the Company repaid the credit line in the amount of $481,440 (RMB3,000,000) with a commercial bank in China as documented in Note 8.

 

F- 25

 

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