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NETW Network International Holdings Plc

393.20
-0.60 (-0.15%)
19 Apr 2024 - Closed
Delayed by 15 minutes
Share Name Share Symbol Market Type Share ISIN Share Description
Network International Holdings Plc LSE:NETW London Ordinary Share GB00BH3VJ782 ORD 10P
  Price Change % Change Share Price Bid Price Offer Price High Price Low Price Open Price Shares Traded Last Trade
  -0.60 -0.15% 393.20 393.80 394.00 394.00 393.20 393.20 991,840 16:35:19
Industry Sector Turnover Profit EPS - Basic PE Ratio Market Cap
Business Services, Nec 490.13M 65.69M 0.1233 31.94 2.1B

Network International Holdings PLC Publication of Annual Report and AGM update (9069U)

09/04/2021 7:00am

UK Regulatory


Network (LSE:NETW)
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From Apr 2019 to Apr 2024

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TIDMNETW

RNS Number : 9069U

Network International Holdings PLC

09 April 2021

Network International Holdings Plc

Annual Report and Accounts 2020

and

COVID-19 likely impact on the Annual General Meeting

Network International Holdings Plc (LSE: NETW) (the "Company"), the leading enabler of digital commerce across the Middle East and Africa (MEA), announces that further to the release of the Company's preliminary results announcement on 8 March 2021, the Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2020 ("2020 Annual Report") has been published today and is available on the Company's website at https://investors.networkinternational.ae/. It has also been submitted to the National Storage Mechanism and will shortly be available at https://data.fca.org.uk/#/nsm/nationalstoragemechanism .

The appendix to this announcement contains additional information which has been extracted from the 2020 Annual Report for the purposes of compliance with the FCA's Disclosure & Transparency Rules and should be read together with the Company's preliminary results announcement, which can be found at https://investors.networkinternational.ae/ . The Group continues to monitor the COVID-19 developments closely and continues to assess the impacts to its operational resiliency and third party supply chains.

Together these constitute the information required by DTR 6.3.5 to be communicated to the media in unedited full text through a Regulatory Information Service. This information is not a substitute for reading the full 2020 Annual Report.

COVID-19 LIKELY IMPACT ON THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING ('AGM')

We are closely monitoring the COVID-19 situation, including UK Government measures, and will continue to do so up to the AGM. The situation continues to develop rapidly and as a result the arrangements for the AGM may change at short notice.

Annual General Meeting will be held as a hybrid meeting, which will allow members to participate electronically or, subject to UK Government restrictions (please see below), in person at The Lincoln Centre 18 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3ED, at 11:00 am on 20 May 2021.

On 22 February 2021, the UK Government published the "COVID-19 Response - Spring 2021" laying down the Government's plan to slowly move out of the lockdown imposed in relation to the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic (the "Roadmap"). This Roadmap explains in four steps, what will happen over the period from February 2021 and sets out the four tests that the UK Government will apply before deciding whether the next step in the phased easing of the lockdown measures can be introduced.

If the lockdown restrictions are extended and/or amended such that restrictions remain in place on 20 May 2021, shareholders must not attend the AGM in person; The AGM will, in any event, be conducted as a hybrid meeting and it is expected that two Directors will be present at the meeting venue or, if that is not possible, a location to be determined by the Board; and shareholders will be able to participate electronically as explained in the Notes to the Notice convening the AGM and on the Company's website.

If the lockdown restrictions (as may be amended by the UK Government from time to time) are relaxed such that they no longer restrict public gatherings and or travel to such gatherings, we would still ask you to review all UK Government guidance and consider whether your travel to and attendance at the AGM is necessary.

We encourage you to monitor the UK Government's Roadmap out of lockdown and any other restrictions and guidance on travel and meetings.

Updates on the status of the AGM and any changes to the proceedings of the meeting will be published at https://investors.networkinternational.ae/.

Any questions that the shareholders may have related to the business at the AGM can be submitted at AGM2021@network.global .

Enquiries

 
 Network International             InvestorRelations@Network.Global 
 Amie Gramlick: Head of Investor 
  Relations 
 
 Finsbury                          network-lon@finsbury.com 
 James Leviton, Robert Allen: 
  Media Relations 
 

Appendix: additional information required by DTR 6.3.5R

In compliance with DTR 4.1.12R, the Annual Report and Accounts 2019 contain Directors' responsibilities statements. These are reproduced below, alongwith the Statement on Risks & Uncertainties and Related Party Balances and Transactions, in line with DTR 6.3.5R. The statements relate to and have been extracted from the 2019 Annual Report.

Page and note references in this appendix refer to page numbers and notes in the 2019 Annual Report.

DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENTS

Statement of Directors' responsibilities

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and Accounts and the Group and Parent Company financial statements in accordance with applicable law and practice.

Company law requires the Directors to prepare Group and Parent Company financial statements for each financial year.

Under that law they are required to prepare the Group financial statements in accordance with international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and applicable law and have elected to prepare the Parent Company financial statements in accordance with UK accounting standards and applicable law, including FRS 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland. In addition the Group financial statements are required under the UK Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules to be prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards adopted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 as it applies in the European Union ('IFRS as adopted by the EU'). In addition the Group financial statements were also prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ('IFRS as issued by the IASB')

Under company law, the Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and Parent Company and of their profit or loss for that period. In preparing each of the Group and Parent Company financial statements, the Directors are required to:

Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;

Make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

For the Group financial statements, state whether they have been prepared in accordance with international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and, as regards the Group financial statements, International Financial Reporting Standards adopted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 as it applies in the European Union ('IFRS as adopted by the EU'), and International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by International Accounting Standards Board ('IFRS as issued by the IASB');

For the Parent Company financial statements, state whether applicable UK accounting standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the Parent Company financial statements;

Assess the Group and Parent Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern; and

Use the going concern basis of accounting unless they either intend to liquidate the Group or the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Parent Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Parent Company and enable them to ensure that its financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are responsible for such internal control as they determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and have general responsibility for taking such steps as are reasonably open to them to safeguard the assets of the Group and to prevent and detect fraud and other irregularities.

Under applicable law and regulations, the Directors are also responsible for preparing a Strategic Report, Directors' Report, Directors' Remuneration report and Corporate Governance statement that complies with that law and those regulations.

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the Company's website. Legislation in the UK governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

Responsibility statement of the Directors in respect of the Annual Report

We confirm that to the best of our knowledge:

The financial statements, prepared in accordance with the applicable set of accounting standards, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the Company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole; and

The Strategic Report includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business and the position of the Company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face.

We consider the Annual Report and Accounts, taken as a whole, is fair, balanced and understandable and provides the information necessary for shareholders to assess the Group's position and performance, business model and strategy.

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Overview

We have continued to make further progress in maturing our approach to risk management, building on the firm foundations we laid in 2019. For example, we have embedded a strong culture of risk management which supports good governance and sound risk management practices across the Group. We operate in dynamic markets across the Middle East and Africa which can be impacted by a multitude of geopolitical events and regulatory changes. Therefore, our continued growth in the region, together with our expansion plans for the Saudi Arabia and Africa markets alongside rapid technological developments in the payments industry present shifting demands on our operational and technology capabilities. All of these factors continue to expose our business to multiple challenges, risks and uncertainties. Consequently, the effective and efficient identification and management of these risks is key to the successful achievement of our strategic objectives.

ERMF

The Group continues to make good progress in further embedding the ERMF, having established a clear risk governance model utilising the three lines of defence model to ensure effective risk management, oversight and assurance. In addition, the ERM Committee, which was constituted in 2020 with representatives from the management team and Group Internal Audit, has established regular meetings to monitor and review various enterprise level risks within the Group, to provide effective oversight of the ERMF and to report its findings to support the work of the Audit and Risk Committee. Examples of the steps we have taken to embed our ERMF and evidence of a strong risk culture are given within this section on Principal Risks and Uncertainties (from pages 76 to 78).

COVID-19

On pages 6 and 7 of this Annual Report, we explain the key priorities of our Coronavirus Management Strategy in rapid response to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on our business, protecting our customers, our people and our financial position. For example, we implemented a number of practical support measures for customers across the business and our programme of cash support to micro-SMEs which was very well received. We approached this rapidly emerging risk by establishing a COVID-19 Assessment Team to monitor the situation, develop our Coronavirus Management Strategy and actively respond to the needs of our customers and colleagues.

A temporary principal risk was created to support the Committee to understand and monitor the impact of the pandemic on the Group's risk profile. The risk was monitored and reported during the first half of 2020 by identification of early warning indicators as the business responded to COVID-19. The reporting of COVID-19 as a standalone risk has now ceased and we continue to monitor the COVID-19 impact as part of the existing principal risk framework. In the principal risk section below we will explain how COVID-19 has impacted some of our principal risks and the actions taken by the Group to manage those risks.

Principal and emerging risk trends

We continue to see the risk trends remaining stable for our principal risks with further investments in our cyber security and technology infrastructure being particularly noteworthy. However, we recognise that we operate in a dynamic business environment and that our risk profile will continue to evolve over time. We continue to remain focused on new and emerging risks which could adversely affect our accepted risk profile and strategic planning in the longer term.

We have revisited these risks which are primarily driven by external factors including cyber, regulation, market stability and climate change. The increasing risk on execution is driven by increased levels of activity and we continue to assess, prioritise and increase our capacity to deliver against our strategic objectives. Further detail on the new and emerging risks can be found on page 87. The Board has also reaffirmed the Group's risk appetite for the year 2021.

How we manage risk

We have a dynamic, practical and action-oriented ERMF, which helps us in proactively responding to changes in our business environment, whilst continuing to deliver on our expectations of increased transparency, value protection and creation. This is supported by our use of the three lines of defence model and the functional responsibilities and oversight committees that support it.

We have implemented most of the core components as part of the ERMF design and the remaining components are on track to be implemented within the committed timelines during 2021. Risk profiles have now been documented for all business units across the Group in the form of risk assessments which help business and support functions in identifying, mitigating and reporting their risks and controls. Corporate risks, which act as the 'link' between the principal risks and unit level risks, have also been defined. This helps in creating a common risk taxonomy across the Group and ensures consistency of understanding and reporting of actual and emerging risk events.

The Group continues to use its ERMF to enable management to make sound risk-based decisions in relation to strategic initiatives. The proposed DPO acquisition was a recent example where the Group developed a separate risk profile of the DPO business to determine how the Group's overall risk profile would be impacted by the acquisition. This allowed where relevant for short and longer-term mitigating actions to be agreed and in due course mobilised.

For an overview of how we manage risk, please refer to Graphic 1 in the attached Appendix pdf document:

http://www.rns-pdf.londonstockexchange.com/rns/9069U_1-2021-4-8.pdf

Our approach to risk management

At Network International, we maintain a robust and sustainable ERMF, which ensures risks are properly identified, assessed against tolerance levels and appropriately managed across the Group. Our ERMF is designed to minimise the potential threats to achieve our objectives. In 2020, we completed a thorough risk assessment process that commenced in 2019 initially prioritising higher risk areas followed by lower risk business units. The overall approach was underpinned by a bottom-up approach and examined from a top-down perspective.

During the year, management has sought to build a richer understanding of the risks facing the Group's operations. A number of our successes as part of the management of our operational risks are set out below:

   --     We completed all functional risk assessments across all Group locations; 
   --     We implemented risk and control self-assessments ('RCSA') for our operations function; 

-- We completed questionnaire-based risk reviews for our critical vendors to provide comfort over those partners critical to our delivery and supply chain cycle during the COVID-19 pandemic;

-- We revised all our existing risk management policies to be aligned with the ERMF which were approved by the Board and rolled out to our colleagues.

While 2020 has been a challenging year due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Group has emerged stronger as a result of a successful implementation of a robust Business Continuity programme which enabled the Group to continue to provide services to our customers seamlessly.

For an overview of our approach to risk management, please refer to Graphic 2 in the attached Appendix pdf document:

http://www.rns-pdf.londonstockexchange.com/rns/9069U_1-2021-4-8.pdf

Risk appetite

Risk appetite is the amount of risk we are willing to take in pursuit of our objectives. It defines the level of risk at which appropriate actions are needed to reduce risk to a level that we are willing to accept. As defined in our principal risks disclosure we consider risks from a low, balanced and high perspective. Our risk appetite is not static and may change over time in line with changing capabilities for managing risk and our business environment.

The risk appetite statement is reviewed and approved by the Board annually.

Group Risk Appetite Statement

"At Network International, our growth strategy is focused on maintaining our position as the best payments partner in the Middle East and Africa. We accept that these markets are subject to higher levels of geo-political uncertainty and business risk than those in more developed markets, and are also accepting of any concentration risk based upon our entry into these markets and territories, though we act to mitigate this through revenue diversification.

We will aim to balance this against a low appetite for any risks that compromise the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our data, our customers' data or our cyber security position. Additionally, we look to minimise our exposure to any risk which will adversely impact our stakeholders, operational performance or compliance with relevant regulation and legislation. Network International has a low appetite to incur losses from financial risk.

We will support this appetite with a level of investment that ensures we have suitable levels of policy and controls to effectively manage these risks, facilitate decision making and continue to support our growth strategy.

This means as a business that we have an informed appetite to taking risks which will enable us to drive growth in a sustainable manner providing an adequate and stable return on investment and which limits our exposure to those areas where we have a low risk appetite and effectively control those to which we have a greater appetite for risk. We believe that managing these risks in the right way will support our aim of enabling commerce in the world's most under penetrated payments markets."

Risk culture

The Group is committed to embedding a strong risk culture to support good governance and sound risk management practice. The Board and the Executive Management Team play a key role in directing and influencing this by ensuring that:

-- a risk based approach is used during key decision making. A recent example has been the response by the Group to COVID-19 pandemic, where the Group applied its ERMF to support management in making sound risk based decisions by developing a new temporary principal risk to understand the impact of COVID-19 on our existing principal and emerging risks. Additionally, a separate risk profile of the DPO business was also developed to understand how the DPO risk profile might impact the Group's overall risk profile;

-- a consistent tone from the top and clear responsibilities for risk identification and challenge; refer to responsible business section on page 56;

   --     employees have risk management accountability and escalate issues on a timely basis; 

-- our incentive structures described within our Remuneration Report on page 132 promote a risk aware culture to effectively manage risk and remunerate employees accordingly;

-- we adopt a culture of "learning from our mistakes" to foster continuous improvement of processes and controls;

-- whistleblowing, an independent confidential whistleblowing service to enable employees to raise their concerns through an independent route;

-- risk awareness is embedded within the Group and is grounded in our strong ethical values and culture. Our risk management philosophy is cascaded top down and bottom up and runs through all our management, employees and connected stakeholders.

To improve risk awareness across the Group a comprehensive online training programme has been developed covering important risk and compliance topics. We have had very high levels of participation from our colleagues across the Group in 2020.

The importance of risk culture is reinforced in the Group's policies and standards and the Code of Conduct, to which all our colleagues attest annually as part of the annual training programme.

Focus areas for 2021

In 2021 we will focus on further embedding our approach to risk management throughout our business, markets and support functions to build an even richer picture of risk information.

The priorities for Group Risk throughout 2021 will be:

 
Priorities for 2021            Rationale 
=============================  =========================================================== 
Completion of the Governance   This will provide us with a centralised tool 
 Risk and Compliance platform   for managing risks, controls, risk assessments 
 implementation.                and loss management. The platform enables cross-functional 
                                collaboration and alignment. 
=============================  =========================================================== 
Complete the implementation    RCSA helps the first line function in developing 
 of RCSA for all functional     its control testing standards for the identified 
 units.                         controls documented in the risk assessments 
                                and tests its effectiveness on defined frequencies. 
                                RCSA also helps in promoting and embedding a 
                                risk awareness and management culture across 
                                the Group through effective process governance. 
=============================  =========================================================== 
Completion of the Annual       To provide assurance on the effectiveness of 
 Assurance plan for 2021.       Group's current control environment by the second 
                                line of defence and to ensure these are aligned 
                                and meeting the overall Group's business objectives. 
=============================  =========================================================== 
Completion of separation       To achieve self-sufficiency in the area of Cyber 
 of Network International       Security and implement enhanced security solutions 
 Group 'Cyber Security          in line with the Group requirements. 
 services' from Emirates 
 NBD Group. 
=============================  =========================================================== 
Integration of Group           Implementing an integration strategy with prioritised 
 ERM framework into DPO         focus on control functions as per ERM framework. 
 Group business (post 
 acquisition). 
=============================  =========================================================== 
To further enhance our         To support growth in e-commerce business with 
 acquiring fraud monitoring     the required risk controls. 
 capabilities with the 
 implementation of new 
 e-commerce risk control 
 tools. 
=============================  =========================================================== 
 

The completed priorities for Group Risk in 2020:

 
Priorities for 2020            Benefits 
=============================  ======================================================== 
Enhanced whistleblowing        Appointed an independent and confidential whistleblowing 
 process.                       service for the Group and rolled out awareness 
                                and communication on the revised whistleblowing 
                                process. 
=============================  ======================================================== 
Completed the compliance       Assessment of compliance risks of the changing 
 assurance reviews.             regulations, emerging business risks and ongoing 
                                money laundering and sanctions risk. 
=============================  ======================================================== 
Embedding of ERM framework.    Further strengthen Group's risk culture by rolling 
                                out awareness and communication on the ERM framework 
                                to our colleagues across the Group. 
=============================  ======================================================== 
Completed 'bottom-up'          Helps business and support functions in documenting 
 risk assessments for           and assessing their risks and controls for all 
 all functional units.          Group functions. 
=============================  ======================================================== 
Initiation of RCSA.            Implemented RCSA for our operations function 
                                and are on track for completing the remaining 
                                functional units. The RCSA helps the first line 
                                of defence in developing its control testing 
                                standards for the identified controls documented 
                                in the 'bottom-up' risk assessments and tests 
                                its effectiveness on defined frequencies. RCSA 
                                also helps in promoting and embedding a risk 
                                awareness and management culture across the 
                                Group through effective process governance. 
=============================  ======================================================== 
Implementation of key          Implementation of Group-wide end-point detection 
 cyber security enhancements.   and response ('EDR') solution across all end-points 
                                and servers to protect against malware attacks. 
                                Enhanced email protection, phishing triaging 
                                and anti-spoofing controls across the Group. 
                                Enhancements in the DDOS protection across the 
                                Group including a simulation exercise to test 
                                the efficiency of the controls. 
=============================  ======================================================== 
Implemented a new acquiring    Acquiring fraud module of Way4 system was implemented. 
 fraud monitoring system. 
=============================  ======================================================== 
Acquiring portfolios           To mitigate chargeback risk posed by certain 
 of UAE and Jordan were         delayed delivery merchants, due to COVID-19 
 subjected to a stress          pandemic impacting their trade volumes. 
 testing exercise focusing 
 on travel and subscription 
 merchants to mitigate 
 risk of chargeback. 
=============================  ======================================================== 
 

Our principal risks

We have completed a robust assessment of emerging and principal risks that we consider are most likely to have an impact on our business in the future. Not all risks facing the business are listed; however, we have highlighted on page 87 those emerging risks that we consider may have an impact on the business. These risks are not listed in any particular order of priority.

'Execution risk' disclosed last year as an emerging risk is now being included as a new principal risk. The Group has committed significant capital in order to pursue its strategic initiatives including M&A and plans to enter new markets. To achieve these strategic initiatives, the Group plans to make further investments in its infrastructure, product development and people. These strategic initiatives if not executed well may negatively impact our return on investment and may expose us to adverse financial and reputational risks. Inclusion of the new principal risk reflects increased focus on execution risk in FY21 in light of the DPO acquisition, ENBD separation, planned Saudi Arabia market entry and revenue growth plans for Africa.

In addition, two principal risks 'Fraud' and 'Credit', which were disclosed last year as separate principal risks, are now combined. Primarily both these risks are posed by chargebacks, fees, charges and scheme fines and have similar mitigating controls (with the exception of non-customer related fraud incidents). Additional controls and enhanced key risk indicators have been introduced through the COVID-19 period and notwithstanding the perceived higher risks associated with businesses impacted as a result of COVID-19, actual losses experienced from both a fraud and credit perspective have remained stable throughout the year and well within the 'low' loss rate threshold.

For 2020, the overall risk profile of the Group was managed at acceptable levels with the majority of the Group's principal risks falling within the 'Informed' risk rating.

The overall residual risk trend when compared broadly to the risk profile for the prior 12 months has been stable due to the continuous investments in the Group's infrastructure, resources, governance model and internal control framework.

The following section contains information about the principal risks, including a summary of the progress made in 2020 and the priorities for 2021, their potential impact, our risk appetite and the link to our strategic priorities.

Link to strategic priorities

1 Capitalise on digital payments adoption and enable financial inclusion

2 Expand customer base and focus on high value segments

3 Develop commercial arrangements with strategic partners

4 Product expansion and market penetration

5 Leverage technology and build capabilities

6 Pursue opportunities for acceleration

Risk appetite rating defined

Low - We will ensure that we have sufficient controls and mitigations in place to allow for a low level of risk whilst recognising there may be a limited reward potential.

Informed - An approach which we feel could deliver reasonable rewards, economic or otherwise, by managing the risk in an informed way.

High - Willing to consider opportunities with higher levels of risk in exchange for potential greater reward.

Risk trends defined

Decrease in principal risk impact and/or probability at residual level.

No change in principal risk impact and/or probability at residual level.

Increase in principal risk impact and/or probability at residual level.

 
 Cyber Security                                                                                                                               Strategic 
  Breach of the Group's infrastructure resulting in                                                                                           priorities 
  the compromise of data or service disruption through                                                                                        1, 5 
  cyber security breaches. 
 Risk impact      Progress during 2020                                          2021 plan                                                     Risk trend 
 An external                                                                                                                                  No change 
 cyber-attack,     *    Completed the revalidation of the Cyber Security          *    Improve our incident response through implementation   Risk appetite: 
 insider threat         Maturity Assessment ('CSMA') report gaps across all            of next generation security operations centre          Low 
 or third-party         Group locations.                                               ('SOC').                                               The Group will 
 breach could                                                                                                                                 not accept risks 
 cause the                                                                                                                                    which may 
 loss of           *    Continued investment and implementation of new age        *    Continued investment and implementation of new age     compromise 
 confidential           security solutions to safeguard the Group from                 security solutions to safeguard the Group from new     the 
 data or                emerging risks.                                                threats.                                               confidentiality, 
 service                                                                                                                                      integrity and 
 disruption                                                                                                                                   availability 
 leading to        *    Continued education and cyber security awareness          *    Cyber security mobilisation in new markets of          of its data and 
 financial              programmes for the workforce.                                  operation to ensure our controls are standardised      its customers' 
 loss and                                                                              across the Group.                                      data. 
 reputational 
 damage.          COVID-19 response 
                   *    Completed additional security reviews on all remote       *    Continued education and cyber security awareness 
                        access ('VPN') solutions to ensure secure WFH.                 programmes for the workforce. 
 
 
                   *    Implemented relevant actions from various security        *    Following the DPO acquisition, further refine 
                        advisories on cyber threats and emerging trends in             pre-completion work on DPO cyber controls. 
                        light of COVID-19. 
 
 
                   *    Increased vigilance by 24/7 security monitoring teams 
                        across all locations. 
 
 
                   *    Enhanced Distributed Denial of Service ('DDOS') 
                        protection across Group infrastructure. 
 Technology Resilience                                                                                                                        Strategic 
  Risk of interruption to critical production services                                                                                        priorities 
  and delays to projects caused by limited availability                                                                                       1, 2, 4, 5 
  of technical skills, poor delivery by vendors, software 
  defects introduced to production which could expose 
  the Group to financial losses (e.g. client claims 
  and loss of business) and reputational impact. 
 Risk impact      Progress during 2020                                          2021 plan                                                     Risk trend 
 Undesired                                                                                                                                    Decrease 
 level of          *    Developed UAE Data Centre build and readiness plan.      *    Further investment into our technology and security     Risk appetite: 
 service                                                                              infrastructure, including opening of a new datacentre   Informed 
 to customers                                                                         in the Middle East (Dubai) and further expansion of     We are accepting 
 due to failure    *    Stabilised the core platforms, closed open issues and         the existing facility in Abu Dhabi including targeted   some level of 
 or poor                implemented test-driven development for improved              completion of ENBD datacentre separation.               modest 
 performance            deliverable quality.                                                                                                  disruption, 
 of technology                                                                                                                                within 
 and/or system                                                                   *    Group-wide IT disaster recovery and business            the relative 
 operating         *    Increased regression testing coverage enhancement and         continuity testing to be completed.                     norms 
 environment            automation of regression testing.                                                                                     of the markets 
 resulting                                                                                                                                    in which we 
 in customer                                                                     *    Further enhance and improve the End of day and Start    operate. 
 attrition,        *    Initiated work on developing a standard 'structured           of day process - to reduce processing time and ensure   However we 
 financial              service catalogue' for issuing clients on core                better compliance to SLAs.                              ensure 
 and/or                 platform.                                                                                                             appropriate 
 reputational                                                                                                                                 levels 
 loss.                                                                           *    Continue to drive automaton across business             of resilience 
                   *    Automated monitoring dashboards to allow data-driven          operations and IT for predictable outcomes.             are 
                        decisions and identify issues proactively.                                                                            in place to 
                                                                                                                                              minimise 
                                                                                                                                              the impact to 
                   *    Introduced improvements in software deployment                                                                        our 
                        process which reduces downtime during system                                                                          customers. 
                        maintenance. 
 
 
                  COVID-19 response 
                   *    Increased Internet Bandwidth capacity to manage the 
                        additional load of remote working. 
 
 
                   *    Monitoring of technology daily productivity 
                        dashboards. 
 
 
                   *    Reassessed critical technology vendors and obtained 
                        assurance from these vendors for continuity of 
                        services. 
 
 
                   *    Provided uninterrupted field support across UAE, 
                        Egypt and Jordan for point-of-sales support and ATM 
                        service, 24x7 service from contact centre. 
 
 
                   *    Supported ad-hoc urgent system change requests from 
                        clients on payment deferrals, holiday solutions, 
                        changes in ATM withdrawal limits as per central bank 
                        mandates during COVID-19 pandemic. 
 Operational Resilience                                                                                                                       Strategic 
  Risk of inability to execute operational processes                                                                                          priorities 
  and deliver on contractual obligations due to operational                                                                                   1, 2, 4 
  inefficiencies and discontinuity, defects, errors 
  and delays, which could damage customer relations, 
  decrease potential profitability and expose the 
  Group to liability. 
 Risk impact      Progress during 2020                                          2021 plan                                                     Risk trend 
 An unexpected                                                                                                                                Decrease 
 disruption        *    Automated majority of our Middle East manual             *    Continue to expand the scope of automation through      Risk appetite: 
 to operational         processes through Robotic Process Automation ('RPA').         RPA in Africa and other functions in Middle East to     Informed 
 performance            Based on the success of the Middle East processes, we         minimise processing errors.                             Whilst we 
 that may cause         have commenced automation in Africa.                                                                                  continue 
 damage to                                                                                                                                    to enhance our 
 customer                                                                        *    To further enhance our straight through processing      control 
 relations         *    The Group Operations across portfolios have been              and minimal touch point engagement, plan to introduce   framework 
 or financial           carrying out continuous process improvement tracking          digital onboarding for the merchant acquiring           across the Group 
 loss to the            ('CPIT') to critically evaluate the process flow and          business in the Middle East, self-service solution      we are accepting 
 business.              eliminate avoidable steps for better straight through         for the merchants in Middle East, and remote ATM        of some degree 
                        processing ('STP').                                           management for the Egypt business.                      of operational 
                                                                                                                                              failure from 
                                                                                                                                              time 
                   *    Completed risk assessments ('RAs') and implemented       *    Automation of customer metrics for alignment and        to time provided 
                        RCSAs programme for all operations units as part of           ensuring more engaged clients.                          the impact of 
                        ERMF.                                                                                                                 failures 
                                                                                                                                              remains within 
                                                                                                                                              acceptable 
                  COVID-19 response                                                                                                           limits. 
                   *    Established COVID-19 assessment team to monitor and 
                        actively respond to the COVID-19 situation. 
 
 
                   *    Performed an assessment of our pre-COVID-19 control 
                        environment and introduced enhanced controls in a 
                        number of areas in response to COVID-19 to ensure 
                        that the control environment remains effective and 
                        supports the remote working model. 
 
 
                   *    Swiftly activated Business Continuity Plan ('BCP') by 
                        moving all units to work from home. Currently all 
                        operations functions across all geographies are 
                        working from home seamlessly. 
 
 
                   *    The effectiveness of automation was visible during 
                        the pandemic as teams could seamlessly move to a work 
                        from home scenario while continuing to maintain 
                        service delivery standards and continued customer 
                        satisfaction. 
 Strategy and Business                                                                                                                        Strategic 
  Risk of Group's ability to maintain its position                                                                                            priorities 
  as the best payments partner in the Middle East                                                                                             1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 
  and Africa.                                                                                                                                 6 
 Risk impact      Progress during 2020                                          2021 plan                                                     Risk trend 
 We do not                                                                                                                                    Increase 
 retain our        *    Continued to enhance and expand product capabilities      *    Focus on delivering DPO business plan and commercial   Risk appetite: 
 strategic              within the Group.                                              synergies once the transaction has closed.             Informed 
 position as                                                                                                                                  Revenue growth 
 the best                                                                                                                                     in line with 
 payments          *    Launched Commercial Card proposition enabling Network     *    Focus on delivery of Saudi Arabia business plan.       investor 
 partner in             Mastercard and their customers to capture B2B payment                                                                 expectations and 
 the Middle             streams.                                                                                                              no dilution of 
 East and                                                                         *    Delivery of commercial benefit associated with         Group's market 
 Africa,                                                                               investment in new product, in particular gateway,      position in its 
 impacting         *    Launched a Digital Platform to enable broader                  N-Genius(TM) digital, commercial card.                 markets of 
 our ability            adoption of digital payments in MEA through the                                                                       operation. 
 to maintain            reduction in marginal cost of deploying payment 
 market share           capabilities and enabling the Group to better engage      *    Continue to deepen relationship with Mastercard 
 and to meet            with alternative payment methods in the region.                enabling value generation for both organisations. 
 growth and 
 profit 
 targets.          *    Proposed acquisition of DPO gives access to faster 
                        e-commerce revenue pools and ability to provide a 
                        broader set of capabilities to existing customers. 
 
 
                  COVID-19 response 
                   *    Implemented a number of practical support measures 
                        for customers across the business and our programme 
                        of cash support to micro-SMEs. 
 People                                                                                                                                       Strategic 
  Inability to attract, develop and retain a skilled                                                                                          priorities 
  workforce and inconsistent organisational culture                                                                                           1, 2, 4, 5, 6 
  across the Group. 
 Risk impact      Progress during 2020                                          2021 plan                                                     Risk trend 
 We are unable                                                                                                                                Decrease 
 to effectively    *    Launched a new L&D Charter in response to employee        *    Health and wellness initiatives to continue as         Risk appetite: 
 manage our             feedback from our 2019 Engagement Survey.                      ongoing activities.                                    Informed 
 workforce                                                                                                                                    Group annual 
 to ensure                                                                                                                                    attrition 
 consistent        *    Developed training calendars for employees based on       *    Mental well-being will continue to be a key focus      rate not to 
 delivery of            the training requirements obtained from the                    area given the continuing impact of the pandemic.      exceed 
 the Group's            performance appraisal process and the Training Needs                                                                  defined 
 strategy and/          Analysis 'TNA' survey.                                                                                                parameters 
 or operational                                                                   *    Focus on the following initiatives: career             however we 
 performance.                                                                          counselling, mentorship, job shadowing, job rotation   accept 
                   *    Excellent scores achieved from the Employee                    and role-specific training programmes.                 a modest number 
                        Engagement Survey as well as COVID-19 Actions -                                                                       of regretted 
                        Feedback survey (highlighted in a case study in the                                                                   losses 
                        Responsible Business section see page 65.                 *    Continue to recognise and reward our people through    which do not 
                                                                                       various awards and recognition programmes.             materially 
                                                                                                                                              impact 
                   *    Updated Diversity & Inclusion Policy and Processes.                                                                   operational 
                                                                                                                                              efficiency or 
                                                                                                                                              impact 
                   *    Appointment of new highly qualified and business                                                                      our customers. 
                        relevant Group CEO. 
 
 
                  COVID-19 response 
                   *    Introduced a wide range of initiatives to promote 
                        staff well-being, health and morale in light of 
                        COVID-19 pandemic. Including virtual medical services 
                        and mental health consultancy services. 
 
 
                   *    Increased focus on leadership communication via 
                        enhanced contact points with employees through 
                        virtual forums, video messaging and social media 
                        platforms. 
 
 
                   *    Sanitising and deep cleaning of Group offices and 
                        implemented precautionary measures. Group's office 
                        layouts have been altered to ensure adherence to 
                        social distancing norms & thereby a safe work 
                        environment. 
 
 
                   *    Refer to Responsible Business section for more 
                        details and case studies. 
 Regulatory Compliance                                                                                                                        Strategic 
  Failure or inability to comply with relevant laws,                                                                                          priorities 
  regulations & scheme obligations. Failure to identify                                                                                       1, 2, 4, 5, 6 
  monitor & respond to changing regulations or scheme 
  rules. Failure to comply with regulatory reporting 
  requirements in a timely manner. 
 Risk impact      Progress during 2020                                          2021 plan                                                     Risk trend 
 A breach or                                                                                                                                  No change 
 non-compliance     *    Completed compliance assurance reviews in line with      *    Compliance Monitoring Plan to include new themed 
 to legal or             our annual compliance plan.                                   reviews to capture market abuse regulations and a      Risk appetite: 
 regulatory                                                                            review of the whistleblower process.                   Low 
 standards                                                                                                                                    The Group will 
 leading to         *    Reviewed and updated all compliance policies.                                                                        not accept 
 penalties,                                                                       *    Continued focus on timely implementation of new        practices 
 sanctions                                                                             requirements from regulatory change.                   which could 
 or                 *    Launched new service to provide an independent                                                                       cause 
 reputational            confidential whistleblowing reporting service where                                                                  breaches of 
 damage.                 all staff can raise their concerns.                      *    Further strengthening compliance capabilities in       laws, 
                                                                                       certain markets to meet regulatory requirements        regulations or 
                                                                                       (Jordan/Nigeria/Ghana).                                scheme rules; or 
                    *    Continued monitoring of new and emerging regulations                                                                 a delay and/or 
                         in the MEA region by Regulatory and Data Privacy                                                                     failure to adapt 
                         Change Management Committee which may impact                                                                         its systems, 
                         operating models within existing and new markets.                                                                    processes 
                                                                                                                                              and controls to 
                                                                                                                                              prevent material 
                    *    Refer to regulatory compliance section in the risk                                                                   compliance 
                         introduction and highlights on page 73 for more                                                                      breaches 
                         details.                                                                                                             and/or 
                                                                                                                                              regulatory 
                                                                                                                                              censure. 
 Geo-Political                                                                                                                                Strategic 
  Risk of significant political, social and economic                                                                                          priorities 
  instability in one or more of the Group's target                                                                                            1, 2, 3, 4, 6 
  markets which could have a material adverse effect 
  on the Group's business, financial condition and 
  results of operations. 
 Risk impact      Progress during 2020                                          2021 plan                                                     Risk trend 
 A                                                                                                                                            No change 
 geo-political      *    Completed country risk assessments of markets the        *    The Group will continue to closely monitor the 
 event within            Group identified as high risk.                                markets which have been identified as high risk.       Risk appetite: 
 our markets                                                                                                                                  High 
 that impacts                                                                                                                                 The Group's 
 our ability        *    Reviewed evolving regulatory changes in the payments     *    Post DPO acquisition the geographic footprint will     growth 
 to do business          markets where the Group provides its services.                expand for the combined Group and an assessment will   strategy is 
 or to meet                                                                            be conducted on countries where the Group does not     focused 
 our strategic                                                                         have any business activities.                          on markets which 
 objectives.        *    Completed due diligence review for issuing clients                                                                   are likely to be 
                         across all regions.                                                                                                  subject to 
                                                                                                                                              higher 
                                                                                                                                              levels of 
                   COVID-19 response                                                                                                          political, 
                    *    Continued management focus on executing acceleration                                                                 legal, economic 
                         opportunities to further diversify business mix.                                                                     and social 
                                                                                                                                              instability 
                                                                                                                                              than those in 
                                                                                                                                              more 
                                                                                                                                              developed 
                                                                                                                                              markets. 
 Financial                                                                                                                                    Strategic 
  Financial risks for the Group arise mainly from                                                                                             priorities 
  the following three elements: (1) Not having sufficient                                                                                     1, 2, 3, 4, 6 
  liquidity to meet our obligations as they fall due; 
  (2) Exposure to adverse movements in foreign exchange 
  rates arising from Group's foreign operations and 
  transactions in currencies other than AED and pegged 
  currencies; and (3) Exposure to adverse interest 
  rate risk primarily on our variable rate long-term 
  borrowing/revolving line of credit, which we use 
  to manage our working capital needs. 
 Risk impact      Progress during 2020                                          2021 plan                                                     Risk trend 
 Our liquidity,                                                                                                                               Increase 
 foreign           *    Implemented financial risk management policies           *    The Group is in the process of developing policies to   Risk appetite: 
 exchange               related to Liquidity, Interest Rate and Cash                  further manage financial risks concerning FX, debt      Informed 
 or interest            Management.                                                   management and derivative and financial instruments.    The Group will 
 rate risks                                                                                                                                   manage its 
 are not                                                                                                                                      liquidity, 
 effectively       *    Further refining of robust stress testing to ensure      *    Continued monitoring of liquidity position to ensure    FX and interest 
 managed                liquidity risks remain fully manageable even under            sufficient funds and liquidity headroom are available   rate risks in 
 affecting              severe stress scenarios.                                      in our borrowing facilities across the Group.           line 
 the business's                                                                                                                               with agreed 
 ability to                                                                                                                                   policies 
 meet its          *    Refinanced and upsized the Group's term loan to          *    Exercise extension option available on our revolver     and thresholds. 
 financial              ensure that we have ample liquidity headroom to meet          credit facility that will allow us to have further 
 obligations,           our financial obligations.                                    access to liquidity if required. 
 profitability 
 targets or 
 working           *    Realised savings in interest costs due to the lower 
 capital                interest rate environment and effective renegotiation 
 needs.                 on our term loan margins. 
 
 
                  COVID-19 response 
                   *    Enhanced monitoring of liquidity position and 
                        covenant compliance throughout the year in view of 
                        the pandemic. 
 Third Party                                                                                                                                  Strategic 
  The Group's reliance on third parties to provide                                                                                            priorities 
  systems, technology infrastructure, product development                                                                                     1, 3, 4, 5 
  and service delivery. Risk of data breaches of third-party's 
  systems, service disruptions with no alternatives, 
  non-compliance to contractual obligations, applicable 
  laws and international standards. 
 Risk impact      Progress during 2020                                          2021 plan                                                     Risk trend 
 A third-party                                                                                                                                No change 
 provider does     *    Completed 40% desktop based reviews conducted through    *    Continue to complete the remaining desktop reviews      Risk appetite: 
 not meet its           due diligence questionnaires for high risk vendors.           through due diligence questionnaires for high-risk      Informed 
 obligations,           The reviews helped to ensure that these vendors were          vendors.                                                The Group will 
 which                  compliant with Group internal policies.                                                                               not accept risks 
 negatively                                                                                                                                   which may 
 impacts our                                                                     *    Monitoring and closure of issues identified as part     compromise 
 customer          *    Completed vendor contract reviews for high risk               of desktop reviews with the high risk vendors.          the 
 relationships,         vendors to identify contractual risks.                                                                                confidentiality, 
 and causes                                                                                                                                   integrity and 
 disruption                                                                      *    The Group will continue to address the contractual      availability 
 to business       *    Completed financial stability reviews for high risk           risks identified during the vendor contract reviews,    of its data and 
 performance.           vendors.                                                      as appropriate.                                         its customers' 
                                                                                                                                              data. 
 
                   *    Completed vendor name screening against all              *    Enhancing of vendor onboarding due diligence process. 
                        international sanction list and adverse media. 
 
                                                                                 *    Continue to monitor vendor service performance for 
                  COVID-19 response                                                   high risk vendors. 
                   *    Vendors which were considered critical during the 
                        COVID-19 pandemic were identified and assurances were 
                        obtained for continuity of services.                     *    Develop an assurance programme for medium risk 
                                                                                      vendors. 
 Execution                                                                                                                                    Strategic 
  Our ambitious growth and expansion plans could be                                                                                           priorities 
  compromised if we are not able to deliver critical                                                                                          1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 
  internal transformational projects or strategically                                                                                         6 
  important projects within expected deadlines. Our 
  growth plans could create heightened levels of risk 
  with regard to people and organisational capacity 
  as we execute our growth plans to ensure on time 
  delivery without disruption to our day to day operations. 
 Risk impact      Progress during 2020                                          2021 plan                                                     Risk trend 
 We fail to                                                                                                                                   Increase 
 deliver           *    Developed UAE Data Centre build and readiness plan.       *    Complete the UAE Data Centre migration and physical    Risk appetite: 
 critical                                                                              separation from Emirates NBD Data Centres.             Informed 
 strategic                                                                                                                                    The Group has 
 projects on       *    Completed pre-work for Saudi Arabia Data Centre build                                                                 limited 
 time and on            and readiness plan.                                       *    Continue to execute the Saudi Arabia entry including   appetite for 
 budget,                                                                               work on Saudi Arabia Data Centre.                      late 
 deferring                                                                                                                                    or over budget 
 or stalling       *    Developed ground work for 'New Ways of Working'                                                                       delivery of 
 growth and             initiative.                                               *    Continuous evolution of optimising the way we work     critical 
 increasing                                                                            under the 'New Ways of Working' initiative.            strategic 
 operational                                                                                                                                  projects. 
 and capital       *    Completed risk assessment on the proposed DPO 
 expenses.              acquisition. Documented risks, assumptions, issues        *    DPO, continue to build out integration plan until 
                        and dependencies with mitigation actions.                      completion, then execute. 
 
 
                                                                                  *    Monitoring the progress of key strategic projects. 
 Fraud and Credit                                                                                                                             Strategic 
  Risk of compromise of card or merchant data or compromise                                                                                   priorities 
  of systems or networks or collusive merchants with                                                                                          1, 2, 4, 5 
  the intention of performing unauthorised payment 
  transactions for financial or non-financial gain 
  resulting in losses to the Group or Group's clients. 
  Risk of financial or non-financial losses arising 
  due to internal or external parties making a negligent 
  and/or intentional fraudulent misrepresentation 
  against the Group or any of its clients. The risk 
  of merchants' inability to meet obligations resulting 
  in chargebacks, refunds, scheme fines, fees and 
  other charges. Risk of clients' inability to settle 
  invoices for services received as part of issuing 
  or acquiring processing. The risk that the Group 
  will be liable for meeting the settlement obligation 
  of sponsored issuing clients where such clients 
  are unable to do so or comply with scheme rules. 
 Risk impact      Progress during 2020                                          2021 plan                                                     Risk trend 
 Higher level                                                                                                                                 No change 
 of losses         *    Fraud risk KRIs have remained well below thresholds.     *    To further enhance our acquiring fraud monitoring       Risk appetite: 
 resulting                                                                            capabilities with the implementation of new             Informed 
 in material                                                                          e-commerce risk control tools.                          Acquiring fraud 
 impact on         *    Implemented a new acquiring fraud monitoring system.                                                                  losses as a 
 reported                                                                                                                                     percentage 
 results                                                                         *    Enhanced monitoring of delinquency levels of            of sales to be 
 and material      *    Credit risk KRIs have remained well below thresholds          processing clients' receivables to ensure that losses   less than market 
 damage to              despite COVID-19.                                             are minimised.                                          average of 6.3 
 reputation.                                                                                                                                  bps. Enterprise 
                                                                                                                                              level fraud 
                   *    Credit pre-approval provided for straight through        *    With the planned acquisition of DPO and its portfolio   losses 
                        e-com merchant onboarding.                                    of e-commerce merchants in Africa, their credit risk    to be less than 
                                                                                      profile will be assessed to measure the impact on       5% of EBITDA. 
                                                                                      Group's overall risk profile.                           Unrecoverable 
                  COVID-19 response                                                                                                           chargebacks and 
                   *    Fraud monitoring processes were conducted with                                                                        credit losses to 
                        enhanced due diligence.                                                                                               revenue ratio 
                                                                                                                                              not 
                                                                                                                                              to exceed more 
                   *    Implemented controls for preventing any malicious                                                                     than 5% by 
                        processing transfer by blocking of all system level                                                                   portfolio. 
                        access for Operations staff for after office hours.                                                                   All sponsored 
                                                                                                                                              issuing 
                                                                                                                                              clients' 
                   *    Acquiring portfolios of UAE and Jordan were subjected                                                                 settlements 
                        to a stress testing exercise focusing on travel and                                                                   to be cleared 
                        subscription merchants. Unrecovered chargebacks and                                                                   within 
                        refunds of these merchants were well below the                                                                        15 days. 
                        forecasted stress scenarios and also well within 
                        accepted risk appetite KRIs. 
 
 
                   *    Chargebacks and refunds of airline and selected high 
                        risk merchants were paid from withheld reserves or 
                        through pre-funding arrangements in place with 
                        merchants. 
 
 
                   *    Unrecovered chargebacks and refunds of the Group 
                        Acquiring portfolio reduced to less than pre COVID-19 
                        levels and were well within accepted risk appetite 
                        KRIs. 
 
 
                   *    Implemented enhanced risk profiling and early risk 
                        warning monitoring of SME merchant portfolio. 
 

Emerging risks

Emerging risks have the potential to increase in significance and affect the performance of the Group and, as such, are continually monitored through our existing risk management processes by risk owners at all levels of the Group. We also use tools such as horizon scanning, operational risk aggregation and external sources to support our analysis. The outputs of these processes are reported to the Audit and Risk Committee and Board of Directors for their review and assessment.

Our ERM process ensures emerging risks are considered to aid the Audit and Risk Committee's assessment of whether the Group is adequately prepared for the potential opportunities and threats they present. The process enables new risks to be discussed at an early stage, allowing us to analyse them thoroughly and assess potential exposure.

We closely monitor emerging risks and with time they may become principal risks as they mature. Emerging risks may also be superseded by other risks or cease to be relevant as the internal or external environment in which we operate evolves. Additionally, we recognise that some of our principal risks are more volatile or fast changing than others and, therefore, would benefit from the increased management processes that apply to emerging risks. A non-exhaustive list of some current emerging risks of relevance to the Group and those principal risks that are subject to the emerging risk process are set out below.

Increasingly sophisticated cybersecurity threats:

We expect to see an increase in the level of sophistication of cyber related attacks as a result of the shifting geo-political tensions in the MEA. We regularly intercept sophisticated and malicious third-party attempts to identify and exploit system vulnerabilities, or which aim to penetrate or bypass our security measures, in order to gain unauthorised access to our networks and systems or those of our associated third parties.

We follow a defence-in-depth model to ensure we are proactively employing multiple methods of defence at different layers to protect our systems against intrusion and attack. However, we cannot always be certain that these measures will be successful and will be sufficient to counter all current and emerging cyber threats.

See page 74 and 80 for more details.

New and emerging regulatory changes in the MEA:

The increase in growth and innovation of payments services and the proposed DPO acquisition exposes the Group to a number of additional regulatory regimes focusing on payment services and data governance. The Group's ability to navigate these changing environments will be a long-term driver of competitive advantage.

In the short to medium term these initiatives could present increased complexity and cost to our operating model.

See page 73 and 83 for more details.

Political change:

Our business focus is on the emerging markets of Middle East and Africa. We recognise some countries within this region have a history of political volatility. The risk of continued political and economic change could affect our operating results. Changes in governments may increase the complexity of serving customers in a country due to actual or potential political or military conflict; and the imposition of UN, US or other sanctions may restrict our ability to service customers in those countries.

See page 84 for more details.

Climate change:

In an ever-changing world, we recognise that we have a responsibility to meet our environmental and sustainability commitments and obligations. We have made progress over the last year in measuring and reporting our energy consumptions. We will continue to develop systems to report on GHG emissions, and to understand the risks that a changing climate may present to our business.

Competition risk:

Network recognises that COVID-19 has accelerated the shift from cash to digital payments resulting in an increasingly competitive landscape in the Middle East and Africa region. Our ability to grow our business and deliver an exceptional customer experience may be impeded by new market entrants and established payments service providers operating in certain territories, be it though competitive pricing, enhanced capabilities and solutions, or skilled resources with local market knowledge.

RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS

Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Related parties include associates, parent, subsidiaries, and key management personnel or their close family members. The terms and conditions of these transactions have been mutually agreed between the Group and the related parties. Key management personnel consists of the Network Leadership Team.

Management believes that the terms and conditions of these transactions are comparable with those that could be obtained from third parties.

Transguard Cash LLC

Transactions for the year (refer to note 9) - there are no receivable / payable balances as at 31 December 2020 and 2019.

 
                                                            2020      2019 
====================================================== 
                                                        USD '000  USD '000 
======================================================  ========  ======== 
    Directors' remuneration 
     Directors' remuneration during the year 
     *                                                     1,577     2,363 
    End of service benefits (two Executive Directors)         44        31 
    Key management personnel remuneration ** 
     Salaries and allowances                               4,391     4,006 
    Terminal and other benefits                           11,124    13,504 
======================================================  ========  ======== 
 

* Directors' remuneration includes the cash component of Pre-IPO incentive.

** Key management personnel remuneration includes remuneration for two Executive Directors whose salaries are also included in Directors' remuneration above.

In 2020, Emirates NBD PJSC is not a related party as its shareholding has been reduced to less than 10%. Details of the related party transactions and balances for the year ended 31 December 2019 are as follows:

 
                                                     2019 
                                                 USD '000 
===========================================   =========== 
Emirates NBD PJSC Group 
Transactions for the year 
Revenue                                           60,714 
Expenses                                            7,399 
Net interest expense                                1,981 
Balances as at 31 December 
Receivable balances                               18,603 
Bank balance                                      73,873 
Prepaid amounts included under: 
 Long-term receivables                              2,326 
 Receivables and prepayments                        1,078 
Overdraft facility                               (51,204) 
Performance and other guarantees (refer to 
 note 30)                                           7,506 
============================================  =========== 
 

**END**

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